Composite cable

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite cable which comprises a middle core located in the center of the composite cable and at least one stranded wire layer wrapping the circumferential surface of the middle core, a plurality of wrapping cores are arranged in the stranded wire layer, and the stranded wire layers are arranged in the radial direction of the middle core and are arranged in a multilayer concentric circle mode on the radial section. According to the composite cable, the gas fillers are arranged between the middle core and the stranded wire layers and between the adjacent stranded wire layers, so that the middle core and the wrapping core are movably connected, and when the composite cable is bent, the wrapping core can slide to reduce tensile force or extrusion force borne by the wrapping core, so that breakage is avoided, and the service life of the composite cable is prolonged. The tensile strength and the shear strength of the composite cable can meet actual requirements, and meanwhile the composite cable has good adaptability to small bending radius.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a composite cable. Background Art

[0002] When laying outdoor optical cables in the building subsystem, if it is difficult to lay optical cables in pipelines, you can choose to erect aerial optical cables. Since optical fibers are relatively fragile and have poor tensile strength, aerial optical cables mainly use reinforced structural members (i.e. optical fiber cables) to withstand the traction when the cable rack is hung on the pole.

[0003] Traditional overhead optical cables usually use steel ropes as optical fiber cables. Steel has high tensile strength but heavy weight, and is prone to lightning strikes and derivative disasters, and there is a risk of electric shock during installation. Therefore, composite fiber materials are increasingly used to replace steel to manufacture optical fiber cables. However, composite cables are prone to cracking or even breaking under certain bending degrees. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a composite cable, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing composite cables crack and break when bent.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the composite cable provided by the utility model comprises:

[0006] a middle core located at the center of the composite cable;

[0007] At least one stranded wire layer, the stranded wire layer covers the circumferential surface of the intermediate core, the stranded wire layer includes a plurality of covered cores, and the plurality of stranded wire layers are arranged along the radial direction of the intermediate core;

[0008] There is gas filling between the intermediate core and the stranded wire layer, and / or between adjacent stranded wire layers.

[0009] In some embodiments, the radial cross-section of the intermediate core is circular;

[0010] The stranded wire layer includes a first protective layer, which includes six first cladding cores. The radial cross-section of the first cladding core is circular and has the same diameter as that of the middle core.

[0011] In some embodiments, the radial cross-section of the intermediate core is circular;

[0012] The stranded wire layer includes a first protective layer, which includes four or five first cladding cores, and a radial cross section of the first cladding core is elliptical.

[0013] In some embodiments, a radial cross-section of the first cladding core has the same cross-sectional area as a radial cross-section of the intermediate core.

[0014] In some embodiments, the stranded wire layer further includes a second protective layer, the second protective layer covers the circumferential surface of the first protective layer, the second protective layer includes twelve second cladding cores, the radial cross-section of the second cladding cores is circular and has the same diameter as the middle core.

[0015] In some embodiments, the stranded wire layer further includes a second protective layer, which covers the circumferential surface of the first protective layer, and the second protective layer includes four to eleven second covered cores, and the radial cross-section of the second covered core is elliptical and has the same cross-sectional area as the intermediate core.

[0016] In some embodiments, the plurality of coated cores in the stranded wire layer are wound around the outer circumference of the middle core with a coating twist, the composite cable comprises a plurality of stranded wire layers, and the coating twist of each stranded wire layer is the same.

[0017] In some embodiments, the middle core and each of the covering cores are formed by twisting a plurality of fiber filaments, and the twist of the fiber filaments is the same.

[0018] In some embodiments, the composite cable includes an outer protective layer, which is located at the outermost layer of the composite cable and covers the circumferential surface of the strand layer.

[0019] In some embodiments, the composite cable further comprises a waterproof layer coated between the outer protective layer and the strand layer, wherein the waterproof layer comprises a waterproof coating.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0021] In the composite cable provided by the utility model, there is a gas filler between the middle core and the stranded wire layer and between adjacent stranded wire layers, so that the middle core and the covering core form a movable connection. When the composite cable is bent, the covering core can slide to reduce the tension or compression force on itself, thereby avoiding breakage, ensuring that the tensile strength and shear strength of the composite cable can meet actual needs while also having good adaptability to a smaller bending radius. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a radial cross-section of a composite cable according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a radial cross-section of a composite cable according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a radial cross-section of a composite cable according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the composite cable;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The main view of the middle strand layer;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a radial cross-section of a composite cable according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a radial cross-section of a composite cable according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a radial cross-section of a composite cable according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0031] In the figure: 1-middle core; 2-stranded wire layer; 21-first protective layer; 210-first coated core; 22-second protective layer; 220-second coated core; 23-third protective layer; 230-third coated core; 3-gas filling; 4-waterproof layer; 5-outer protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Existing composite cables are usually formed by arranging multiple composite fibers, impregnating or coating the composite fibers with a binder and then thermosetting, wherein the binder is, for example, a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, or a single or combined resin such as epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, etc. The binder keeps the composite fibers in the composite cable as a whole, but also limits the relative position of the composite fibers. Therefore, when the composite cable is bent under force, the tensile and extrusive forces received by the composite fibers on both sides of the composite cable are difficult to adjust, so that cracking or even breaking may occur easily.

[0033] In order to solve the problems existing in the related art, the present application provides a composite cable, including an intermediate core located at the center of the composite cable, and at least one stranded wire layer coated on the circumferential surface of the intermediate core, wherein the stranded wire layer includes multiple coated cores, and the multiple stranded wire layers are arranged along the radial direction of the intermediate core. Among them, there is a gas filler between the intermediate core and the stranded wire layer, and between adjacent stranded wire layers, so that the intermediate core and the coated core form a movable connection. When the composite cable is bent, the coated core can slide to reduce the tension or compression force on itself, thereby avoiding fracture, ensuring that the composite cable can meet the actual needs in terms of tensile strength and shear strength, and also has good adaptability to smaller bending radius.

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a composite cable, comprising an intermediate core 1 and at least one stranded wire layer 2, wherein the intermediate core 1 is located at the center of the composite cable, and the stranded wire layer 2 is coated on the circumferential surface of the intermediate core 1, and the stranded wire layer 2 comprises a plurality of coated cores, that is, the stranded wire layer 2 is formed by arranging a plurality of coated cores on the circumferential surface of the intermediate core 1, wherein the intermediate core 1 and the coated core can both be composite fibers. In one example, reference Figure 1 , the composite cable includes a stranded wire layer 2. In other examples, reference Figure 3 and Figure 8 The composite cable includes multiple stranded wire layers 2, for example, two or three layers, or other number of layers, which is not limited. When multiple stranded wire layers 2 are provided, the multiple stranded wire layers 2 are arranged along the radial direction of the middle core 1, and are arranged as multiple concentric circles with the middle core 1 as the center on the radial section, wherein the radial section refers to a section perpendicular to the axis of the composite cable.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 8As shown, there may be a gas filler 3 between the middle core 1 and the stranded wire layer 2. When the stranded wire layer 2 is provided with multiple layers, there may also be a gas filler 3 between the adjacent stranded wire layers 2. The gas filler 3 may include, for example, a chemically inactive gas such as nitrogen, or one or more inert gases such as helium and argon, and there is no restriction on this. At this time, there is no adhesive between the middle core 1 and each cladding core, and between each cladding core. When the composite cable is deformed such as bending, each cladding core can be relatively flexible to deform and displace to a certain extent, avoiding the part with larger deformation in the composite cable to reduce the tension or compression force on itself, and avoid cracking of the cladding core at the deformation. In one embodiment, after the filler is changed from adhesive resin to gas filler, the minimum bending radius of the composite cable is reduced from more than 10 cm to less than 5 cm. While the tensile strength and shear strength can meet the actual needs, no cracking will occur when the bending radius is 5 cm, showing good adaptability to smaller bending radius.

[0037] The tensile strength of a composite cable is usually directly related to the number of coating cores provided. The more coating cores there are, the greater the tensile strength of the composite cable. Therefore, the number of coating cores provided can be adjusted accordingly according to the tensile strength requirements of the composite cable in actual applications.

[0038] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the radial cross section of the middle core 1 is circular, the stranded wire layer 2 includes a first protective layer, the first protective layer includes six first cladding cores 210, and the radial cross section of the first cladding core 210 is circular and has the same diameter as the middle core 1. As an example, refer to Figure 1 The radial cross-sections of the middle core 1 and the first covering core 210 are both circular and of the same size. At this time, the six first covering cores 210 can be precisely wound around the outer periphery of the middle core 1 to cover the circumferential surface of the middle core 1.

[0039] In other embodiments, the tensile strength requirement of the composite cable is relatively low, in order to reduce the deadweight, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first protective layer may include only four or five first cladding cores 210. As an example, refer to Figure 2 The first protective layer includes four first coated cores 210. At this time, the radial cross-section of the first coated core 210 can be elliptical to achieve better compactness and realize precise winding.

[0040] As composite fibers, the tensile strength of the middle core and each coating core is usually affected by the number of fiber filaments they contain, and the number of fiber filaments is directly related to their thickness. The more fiber filaments there are, the thicker the composite fiber is, and the greater the tension it can withstand. When the thickness of the middle core and each coating core is not uniform, some of the thinner composite fibers in the composite cable have low tensile strength and are easy to break when subjected to tension. After some of the thinner composite fibers break, the tension that should have been shared by these composite fibers is transferred to the remaining composite fibers, greatly increasing the tension on the remaining composite fibers, which may cause the remaining composite fibers to continue to break, and eventually cause the entire composite cable to break.

[0041] To this end, the thickness of the intermediate core and each cladding core can be made uniform. Figure 1 As shown, when the radial cross-sections of the intermediate core 1 and the first cladding core 210 are both circular, their radial cross-sections may have the same diameter. Figure 2 As shown, when the radial cross section of the middle core 1 is circular and the radial cross section of the first covering core 210 is elliptical, the radial cross sections can have the same cross-sectional area. Thus, the middle core and each covering core in the composite cable can evenly share the tension of the composite cable, thereby avoiding breakage.

[0042] When the tensile strength of the composite cable is required to be greater in practical applications, additional stranded wire layers may be added to increase the number of coated cores and improve the tensile strength of the composite cable. Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the stranded wire layer 2 also includes a second protective layer 22, and the second protective layer 22 is coated on the circumferential surface of the first protective layer 21. The second protective layer 22 includes a plurality of second coated cores 220, and the number of second coated cores 220 is set in the range of four to twelve. The specific number of the first coated core 210 and the second coated core 220 can be set separately according to actual needs. In one example, the first protective layer includes four first coated cores, and the second protective layer includes seven second coated cores to meet the 3000N tensile strength requirement of the composite cable. In another example, the first protective layer includes six first coated cores, and the second protective layer includes eleven second coated cores. At this time, the tensile strength of the composite cable can be increased to 5000N.

[0043] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the second protective layer 22 includes twelve second cladding cores 220. At this time, the radial cross-section of the second cladding core 220 is circular and has the same diameter as the middle core 1. In one example, referring to Figure 3, the radial cross-sections of the intermediate core 1, the first coated core 210, and the second coated core 220 are all circular and have the same diameter. In another example (not shown in the drawings), the radial cross-sections of the intermediate core 1 and the second coated core 220 are both circular, the radial cross-section of the first coated core 210 is elliptical, and the radial cross-sections of the intermediate core 1, the first coated core 210, and the second coated core 220 have the same cross-sectional area.

[0044] In other embodiments, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the second protective layer 22 includes four to eleven second cladding cores 220. In this case, the radial cross section of the second cladding core 220 is elliptical and is the same as the cross section of the middle core 1. Figure 6 The composite cable includes six first coated cores 210 and eight second coated cores 220, the radial cross-sections of the intermediate core 1 and the first coated core 210 are both circular, the radial cross-section of the second coated core 220 is elliptical, and the radial cross-sections of the intermediate core 1, the first coated core 210 and the second coated core 220 have the same cross-sectional area. In another example, referring to Figure 7 The composite cable includes four first coated cores 210 and six second coated cores 220. The radial cross-sections of the first coated cores 210 and the second coated cores 220 are both elliptical, and the radial cross-sections of the intermediate core 1, the first coated cores 210 and the second coated cores 220 have the same cross-sectional area.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the stranded wire layer 2 also includes a third protective layer 23 covering the circumferential surface of the second protective layer 22. The third protective layer 23 may include up to 18 third coated cores 230 to further improve the tensile strength of the composite cable. According to the actual tensile strength requirements, the composite cable may further include additional stranded wire layers, which will not be described in detail here.

[0046] In practical applications, affected by factors such as gravity, in addition to the tension along its own axis, the composite cable may also be subjected to radial external forces perpendicular to the axial direction. Therefore, the composite cable needs to have a certain shear strength in the radial direction to withstand radial external forces. In existing composite cables, the shear strength is mainly provided by adhesives such as resins that have been thermosetting. In this embodiment, the sheathed core in the stranded wire layer can be twisted to enhance the shear resistance in the radial direction and avoid the composite cable from breaking under radial external forces. In one example, after twisting, the sheathed core can meet the strength requirements of the composite cable with 16 suspension points within a range of 50m and withstand a shear force of 130N at each suspension point, showing good shear strength.

[0047] In one embodiment, if Figure 4As shown, multiple coated cores in the stranded wire layer 2 are wound around the outer periphery of the middle core 1 with a coating twist, so that the coated core can form a component in both the axial and radial directions of the composite cable to simultaneously withstand axial tension and radial external force. When the composite cable includes multiple stranded wire layers 2, the coating twist of each stranded wire layer 2 is the same, wherein the coating twist refers to the number of twists of a coated core per unit length. In one example (not shown in the drawings), the stranded wire layer includes only the first protective layer, and the first coated core is wound around the outer periphery of the middle core with a first coating twist. The first coating twist can be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be 20r / m.

[0048] In another example, reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The stranded wire layer 2 includes a first protective layer 21 and a second protective layer 22. The first sheathed core 210 is wound around the outer periphery of the intermediate core 1 with a first sheathing twist. The second sheathed core 220 is wound around the outer periphery of the first protective layer 21 with a second sheathing twist. The first sheathing twist is equal to the second sheathing twist. Figure 5 , lay length L 1 and L 2 The straight-line distances between the starting and ending points of the first coated core 210 and the second coated core 220 are shown in shadows. When the twist magnitudes are equal, the twist distance L 1 and L 2 The first covering twist and the second covering twist can be set according to actual needs, for example, their sizes can both be 20r / m, and their directions can be the same, or of course, opposite, and there is no limitation on this.

[0049] Since the strength of the composite fiber is directly affected by the twist in addition to its thickness, the greater the twist, the greater the strength. Therefore, the first coating twist is equal to the second coating twist, so that the twisted first coating core 210 and the second coating core 220 can also maintain uniform strength. In addition, twisting makes it easier for the coating core to slide smoothly when the composite cable is bent. When the twist between the coating cores is the same, the friction between the composite fibers is small, which can avoid the breakage of the fiber filaments in the outer layer of the composite fiber caused by friction during sliding.

[0050] In some embodiments, the intermediate core and each coated core are formed by twisting multiple fiber filaments, and the twist of the fiber filaments is the same, so as to obtain the intermediate core and the coated core with the same strength. The twist of the fiber filaments can be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be 90r / m. In one example, the intermediate core and the coated core are composite glass fibers formed by about 2000 strands of glass fiber filaments impregnated with resin and cured by ultraviolet irradiation. The twist of the glass fiber filaments is 90r / m, the diameter of a single composite fiber is 0.67mm, and the strength of a single composite fiber is 250MPa.

[0051] The material of the intermediate core and the covering core can be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be glass fiber, and the density of glass fiber is 2.1g / cm 3 , 7.8g / cm2 less than steel 3 The density of the cable is reduced by nearly 2 / 3. Compared with directly using metal materials such as steel, glass fiber achieves a lightweight effect at the same size, significantly reducing the weight of the overhead optical cable, making it possible to increase the span of the overhead optical cable and save the cost of erecting poles. At the same time, because composite materials such as glass fiber are not conductive, they can effectively avoid the lightning induction and lightning strikes that are prone to occur when using steel, and basically eliminate safety hazards such as lightning strikes.

[0052] Of course, the materials of the intermediate core and the covering core may also include composite fibers such as carbon fiber, metal material wrapped with glass fiber, metal material wrapped with carbon fiber, glass fiber wrapped with metal material, and carbon fiber wrapped with metal material. The metal material may include, for example, iron, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, aluminum, manganese, copper, as well as various alloys such as iron-manganese alloy, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, etc., and there is no limitation to this.

[0053] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the composite cable includes an outer protective layer 5, which is located at the outermost layer of the composite cable and covers the circumferential surface of the stranded wire layer 2. The outer protective layer 5 can be made of materials such as HDPE (High Density Polyethylene), PP (Polypropylene), PA (Polyamide) or PVDF (Polyvinylidene difluoride), etc., which have good chemical stability, so that the composite cable as a whole has good heat resistance and cold resistance. At the same time, the outer protective layer 5 also has high rigidity and toughness, which can isolate the middle core and the coating core inside the composite cable from most mechanical damage and wind and rain erosion.

[0054] In some embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the composite cable further includes a waterproof layer 4 coated between the outer protective layer 5 and the stranded wire layer 2, and the waterproof layer 4 includes a waterproof coating, such as sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, sodium alginate or polyacrylamide. When the end of the composite cable is exposed to the air, or the outer protective layer 5 is damaged by accidental damage from animals or natural factors, the waterproof layer 4 can effectively block water, thereby preventing the intermediate core and the coating core from aging due to long-term exposure to the air, thereby ensuring the physical properties of the composite cable.

[0055] In the actual production of composite cables, a preset number of composite fibers can be first arranged according to the specific design of the middle core and the stranded wire layer, and each coated core in the stranded wire layer is twisted while being unwound. After the winding of each coated core in the stranded wire layer is completed, a waterproof coating is applied on the circumferential surface of the stranded wire layer to form a waterproof layer, and finally an outer protective layer is wrapped around the outer periphery of the waterproof layer and thermoplasticized by heating to obtain a composite cable.

[0056] The contents described in the embodiments of this specification are merely an enumeration of the implementation forms of the utility model concept. The protection scope of the utility model should not be deemed to be limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments. The protection scope of the utility model also includes equivalent technical means that can be thought of by technical personnel in this field based on the concept of the utility model.

Claims

1. A composite cable, characterized in that: The composite cable comprises: a middle core located at the center of the composite cable; At least one stranded wire layer, the stranded wire layer covers the circumferential surface of the intermediate core, the stranded wire layer includes a plurality of covered cores, and the plurality of stranded wire layers are arranged along the radial direction of the intermediate core; There is gas filling between the intermediate core and the stranded wire layer, and / or between adjacent stranded wire layers.

2. The composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial cross section of the intermediate core is circular; The stranded wire layer includes a first protective layer, which includes six first cladding cores. The radial cross-section of the first cladding core is circular and has the same diameter as that of the middle core.

3. The composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial cross section of the intermediate core is circular; The stranded wire layer includes a first protective layer, which includes four or five first cladding cores, and a radial cross section of the first cladding core is elliptical.

4. The composite cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: A radial cross section of the first cladding core has the same cross-sectional area as a radial cross section of the intermediate core.

5. The composite cable according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The stranded wire layer further includes a second protective layer, which covers the circumferential surface of the first protective layer. The second protective layer includes twelve second cladding cores, and the radial cross-section of the second cladding core is circular and has the same diameter as that of the middle core.

6. The composite cable according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The stranded wire layer further comprises a second protective layer, which covers the circumferential surface of the first protective layer. The second protective layer comprises four to eleven second cladding cores, and the radial cross section of the second cladding core is elliptical and has the same cross-sectional area as the intermediate core.

7. The composite rope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of coated cores in the stranded wire layer are wound around the outer periphery of the middle core with a coating twist, and the composite cable comprises a plurality of stranded wire layers, and the coating twist of each stranded wire layer is the same.

8. The composite rope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate core and each of the covered cores are formed by twisting a plurality of fiber filaments, and the twists of the fiber filaments are all the same.

9. The composite rope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite cable comprises an outer protective layer, which is located at the outermost layer of the composite cable and covers the circumferential surface of the stranded wire layer.

10. The composite rope according to claim 9, characterized in that The composite cable further includes a waterproof layer coated between the outer protective layer and the stranded wire layer, wherein the waterproof layer includes a waterproof coating.

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