Gas pre-cooling device suitable for hydrogen fuel cell stack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gas pre-cooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack. The gas pre-cooling device comprises a gas system, a gas and heat-conducting oil plate heat exchanger, a heat-conducting oil system, a refrigerant and heat-conducting oil plate heat exchanger and a refrigerant system, the heat transfer oil system exchanges heat with the gas system and the refrigerant system through a gas and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger and a refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger respectively, and the heat transfer oil system comprises a heat transfer oil heating system and an expansion oil tank; the expansion oil tank is connected with a heat-conducting oil inlet and outlet in the gas and heat-conducting oil plate heat exchanger through a heat-conducting oil pipeline A and a heat-conducting oil pipeline B. The expansion oil tank is connected with a heat-conducting oil inlet and outlet in the refrigerant and heat-conducting oil plate heat exchanger through a heat-conducting oil pipeline C and a heat-conducting oil pipeline D. The heat-conducting oil heating system is connected with the expansion oil tank and the heat-conducting oil pipeline D through a heat-conducting oil pipeline E and a heat-conducting oil pipeline F; the gas pre-cooling device is reasonable in structural design, small in occupied area, high in heat exchange efficiency and low in overall energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly to a gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell stack is composed of multiple fuel cell monomers stacked in series. The bipolar plates and membrane electrode MEA are alternately stacked, and seals are embedded between the monomers. After the front and rear plates are pressed, they are fastened with screws to form a hydrogen fuel cell stack. The hydrogen fuel cell stack is the place where electrochemical reactions occur and is the core part of the hydrogen fuel cell stack system (or hydrogen fuel cell stack engine). When the battery stack is working, hydrogen and oxygen are distributed to the bipolar plates of each single cell through the main gas channel of the battery stack, and are evenly distributed to the electrodes through the bipolar plate guide, and the electrochemical reaction is carried out through the electrode support and contact with the catalyst. The process does not involve combustion, has high energy conversion rate and low noise, and has safe, environmentally friendly and pollution-free emissions. It has received widespread attention and recognition from domestic and foreign automobile manufacturers and researchers. However, as the core component of hydrogen fuel new energy vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell stacks must involve various environmental simulation tests to meet the reliability, stability, safety and other tests of hydrogen fuel cell stacks under different environmental conditions. When a hydrogen fuel cell stack is cold-started at low temperature, the hydrogen / air temperature needs to be pre-cooled. However, the current gas pre-cooler occupies a large area, has high energy consumption, slow response speed and large temperature fluctuations, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell stack for gas pre-cooling performance.

[0003] Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a gas precooling device suitable for hydrogen fuel cell stacks with small size, low energy consumption, fast response speed and small temperature fluctuation. Utility Model Content

[0004] Due to the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack with small size, low energy consumption, fast response speed and small temperature fluctuation, so as to solve the problems that the current gas precooling equipment has a large footprint, high energy consumption, slow response speed and large temperature fluctuation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, comprising a gas system, a gas and a heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger, a heat transfer oil system, a refrigerant and a heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger, and a refrigerant system;

[0007] The gas system and the heat transfer oil system exchange heat through the gas and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger, and the heat transfer oil system and the refrigerant system exchange heat through the refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger. The refrigerant system includes a refrigeration unit, and the refrigeration unit is connected to the refrigerant inlet and outlet of the refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger through the refrigerant pipeline A and the refrigerant pipeline B respectively;

[0008] The heat transfer oil system includes a heat transfer oil heating system and an expansion oil tank. The expansion oil tank is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet and outlet of the gas and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger through a heat transfer oil pipeline A and a heat transfer oil pipeline B, respectively. The expansion oil tank is also connected to the heat transfer oil inlet and outlet of the refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger through a heat transfer oil pipeline C and a heat transfer oil pipeline D, respectively. The heat transfer oil heating system is connected to the expansion oil tank and the heat transfer oil pipeline D through a heat transfer oil pipeline E and a heat transfer oil pipeline F, respectively.

[0009] The utility model is suitable for the gas precooling device of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, has a reasonable structural design, adopts plate heat exchange control technology, occupies a smaller area than the traditional gas precooling device, has higher heat exchange efficiency, and has lower overall energy consumption and is more energy-saving. It also adopts a medium heat exchange method, which solves the problems of rapid response of air precooling of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and large temperature fluctuations, and realizes the loading test of low-temperature cold start of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. It has high safety, strong comprehensive performance, high automation integration, reliability, and is more energy-saving, and has good application prospects.

[0010] As the preferred technical solution:

[0011] In the gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack as described above, the refrigerant pipeline A is provided with an electronic expansion valve, and the refrigerant pipeline B is provided with a return gas pressure and temperature sensor.

[0012] A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack as described above, wherein the gas system comprises a gas supply source;

[0013] The gas supply source is connected to the gas and thermal oil plate heat exchanger through the gas supply pipe A, and the gas and thermal oil plate heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell stack through the gas supply pipe B;

[0014] The gas supply pipe A is provided with a gas flow sensor and a gas pressure sensor, and the gas supply pipe B is provided with a gas outlet flow sensor, a gas outlet pressure sensor and a gas outlet temperature sensor.

[0015] As described above, a gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, the gas supply pipe A is provided with a gas solenoid valve, a gas angle valve and a hazardous gas detector in sequence along the gas flow direction near the gas supply source. When the gas supply is hydrogen, the above settings can be used to ensure the safety of the gas supply. When a gas safety alarm occurs, the gas precooling device of the hydrogen fuel cell stack will actively close the gas solenoid valve to cut off the gas source. The hazardous gas detector is used to detect the concentration of hazardous gas (hydrogen), the gas angle valve is used to adjust the hydrogen intake, and all gas execution elements are managed by the central control unit and comply with safe program operation specifications.

[0016] A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack as described above, wherein the thermal oil heating system comprises a thermal oil high-temperature oil tank, a high-temperature section temperature sensor, a high-temperature section liquid level sensor, a heating pipe, a high-temperature section return oil regulating valve, a high-temperature section proportional regulating valve, a high-temperature section external circulation oil pump and a high-temperature section internal circulation oil pump;

[0017] The heat transfer oil high temperature oil tank is equipped with a high temperature section temperature sensor, a high temperature section liquid level sensor and a heating pipe. The high temperature section internal circulation oil pump is connected to the heat transfer oil high temperature oil tank through an internal circulation oil circuit. The heat transfer oil high temperature oil tank is provided with an oil inlet pipe and an oil outlet pipe. A high temperature section proportional regulating valve and a high temperature section external circulation oil pump are installed on the oil outlet pipe. A high temperature section return oil regulating valve is installed on the oil inlet pipe.

[0018] A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack as described above, wherein a low temperature section tank temperature sensor and a low temperature section tank liquid level sensor are installed on the expansion tank;

[0019] The heat transfer oil pipeline A is provided with a gas section oil proportional valve and a gas section oil pump;

[0020] The heat transfer oil pipeline B is provided with a gas section oil return regulating valve.

[0021] A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack as described above, wherein the thermal oil pipeline C is provided with a low temperature section thermal oil proportional regulating valve and a low temperature section thermal oil variable frequency pump;

[0022] The heat transfer oil pipeline D is provided with a low temperature section oil return regulating valve.

[0023] The above-mentioned precooling device adopts multi-channel cascade PID fluid temperature control technology. The fluid temperature can be constantly controlled to meet the test requirements at different flow rates, which improves the stability and reliability of the low-temperature cold start loading process test of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; the refrigeration unit can calculate the evaporation superheat through the refrigerant and the thermal oil plate heat exchanger, collect the return gas pressure and temperature sensor to adjust the electronic expansion valve that controls the spray liquid, thereby adjusting the refrigerant flow of the refrigerant and the thermal oil plate heat exchanger; the pipes in the above-mentioned device are all made of 316L stainless steel pipes, which have good pressure resistance and corrosion resistance; the gas temperature sensor is the final temperature monitoring, through the gas flow sensor, gas The pressure sensor, gas outlet flow sensor, and gas outlet pressure sensor are signal feedbacks of cascade PID control, which are regulated and controlled through the gas section oil proportional valve, gas section oil pump, and gas section oil return regulating valve; the heat transfer oil can adopt benzyl silicone oil IOTA-255, which has high thermal stability, oxidation resistance, lubricity, radiation resistance, and stability to water, and has an operating temperature range of -60℃ to 320℃. It can be used as a high-temperature heat carrier for insulation, lubrication, damping, shockproof, and dustproof occasions, and a base oil for high-temperature lubricating oil and grease; the above devices can be controlled by the central control unit. Specifically, the central control unit can adopt SIMATIC S-1200 series safety PLC. The project control system is developed based on the TIA portal V17 software platform. The central control unit is equipped with a local area network and a server at the remote end, which can realize wired signal transmission and wireless signal transmission, and realizes multi-platform operation of Android and window systems and long-term retention of historical experimental data. The central control unit reserves CAN bus, modbus TCP, PROFINET, modbus RS-485 and other communication protocols, and realizes data docking and alarm linkage with the fuel cell stack test bench.

[0024] The above technical solution is only a feasible technical solution of the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can reasonably adjust the specific design according to actual needs.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the above utility model has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The gas precooling device of the utility model is suitable for hydrogen fuel cell stacks. It has a reasonable structural design and adopts plate heat exchange control technology. Compared with traditional gas precooling devices, it occupies a smaller area, has higher heat exchange efficiency, and has lower overall energy consumption and is more energy-saving. In addition, it adopts a medium heat exchange method, which solves the problems of rapid response and large temperature fluctuation of air precooling of hydrogen fuel cell stacks, and realizes the loading test of low-temperature cold start of hydrogen fuel cell stacks.

[0027] (2) The gas precooling device of the utility model, which is suitable for hydrogen fuel cell stacks, adopts multi-channel cascade PID fluid temperature control technology. The fluid temperature can be constantly controlled to meet the test requirements at different flow rates, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the low-temperature cold start loading process test of the hydrogen fuel cell stack;

[0028] (3) The gas precooling device suitable for the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the utility model has high safety, strong comprehensive performance, high automation integration, reliability and greater energy saving, and has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The present invention and its features, appearance and advantages will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings. The same reference numerals indicate the same parts in all the drawings. The drawings are not drawn to scale, and the emphasis is on illustrating the subject matter of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the thermal oil heating system;

[0032] Among them, 1-gas supply source; 2-gas flow sensor; 3-gas pressure sensor; 4-gas and thermal oil plate heat exchanger; 5-gas outlet flow sensor; 6-gas outlet pressure sensor; 7-gas outlet temperature sensor; 8-gas section oil proportional valve; 9-gas section oil pump; 10-gas section return oil regulating valve; 11-low temperature section oil tank temperature sensor; 12-low temperature section oil tank level sensor; 13-expansion oil tank; 14-thermal oil heating system; 15-refrigeration unit; 16-electronic expansion valve; 17-return gas pressure and temperature Sensor; 18-refrigerant and thermal oil plate heat exchanger; 19-low temperature section thermal oil proportional control valve; 20-low temperature section thermal oil frequency conversion pump; 21-low temperature section return oil control valve; 22-high temperature section temperature sensor; 23-high temperature section liquid level sensor; 24-heating pipe; 25-high temperature section return oil control valve; 26-high temperature section proportional control valve; 27-high temperature section external circulation oil pump; 28-high temperature section internal circulation oil pump; 29-electrical control cabinet; 30-touch screen; 31-gas solenoid valve; 32-gas angle valve; 33-hazardous gas detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The structure of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, it includes a gas system, a gas and thermal oil plate heat exchanger 4, a thermal oil system, a refrigerant and thermal oil plate heat exchanger 18 and a refrigeration unit 15;

[0036] The gas system and the heat transfer oil system exchange heat via the gas and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger 4;

[0037] The gas system includes a gas supply source 1, which is connected to a gas and thermal oil plate heat exchanger 4 through a gas supply pipe A, and the gas and thermal oil plate heat exchanger 4 is connected to a hydrogen fuel cell stack through a gas supply pipe B. A gas flow sensor 2 and a gas pressure sensor 3 are installed on the gas supply pipe A, a gas outlet flow sensor 5, a gas outlet pressure sensor 6 and a gas outlet temperature sensor 7 are installed on the gas supply pipe B, and a gas solenoid valve 31, a gas angle valve 32 and a dangerous gas detector 33 are installed in sequence along the gas flow direction at a section of the gas supply pipe A near the gas supply source;

[0038] The heat transfer oil system and the refrigerant system exchange heat via the refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger 18;

[0039] The refrigerant system includes a refrigeration unit 15, and the refrigeration unit 15 is connected to the refrigerant inlet and outlet of the refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger 18 through a refrigerant pipeline A and a refrigerant pipeline B, respectively. The refrigerant pipeline A is provided with an electronic expansion valve 16, and the refrigerant pipeline B is provided with a return air pressure and temperature sensor 17;

[0040] The heat transfer oil system includes a heat transfer oil heating system 14 and an expansion oil tank 13. The expansion oil tank 13 is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet and outlet of the gas and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger 4 through a heat transfer oil pipeline A and a heat transfer oil pipeline B, respectively. The expansion oil tank 13 is also connected to the heat transfer oil inlet and outlet of the refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger 18 through a heat transfer oil pipeline C and a heat transfer oil pipeline D, respectively. The heat transfer oil heating system 14 is connected to the expansion oil tank 13 and the heat transfer oil pipeline D through a heat transfer oil pipeline E and a heat transfer oil pipeline F, respectively. The heat transfer oil heating system 14 includes a heat transfer oil high temperature tank, a high temperature section temperature sensor 22, high temperature section liquid level sensor 23, heating pipe 24, high temperature section oil return regulating valve 25, high temperature section proportional regulating valve 26, high temperature section external circulation oil pump 27 and high temperature section internal circulation oil pump 28. The high temperature oil tank of the heat transfer oil is provided with the high temperature section temperature sensor 22, the high temperature section liquid level sensor 23 and the heating pipe 24. The high temperature section internal circulation oil pump 28 is connected with the high temperature oil tank of the heat transfer oil through the internal circulation oil circuit. The high temperature oil tank of the heat transfer oil is provided with an oil inlet pipe and an oil outlet pipe. The high temperature section proportional regulating valve 26 and the high temperature section external circulation oil pump 27 are installed on the oil outlet pipe. The high temperature section oil return regulating valve 25 is installed on the oil inlet pipe.

[0041] The expansion tank 13 is provided with a low temperature section tank temperature sensor 11 and a low temperature section tank liquid level sensor 12;

[0042] A gas section oil proportional valve 8 and a gas section oil pump 9 are installed on the heat transfer oil pipeline A; a gas section oil return regulating valve 10 is installed on the heat transfer oil pipeline B; a low temperature section heat transfer oil proportional regulating valve 19 and a low temperature section heat transfer oil variable frequency pump 20 are installed on the heat transfer oil pipeline C; and a low temperature section oil return regulating valve 21 is installed on the heat transfer oil pipeline D.

[0043] In summary, the present application provides a gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, which occupies a smaller area than the previous generation of gas precooling devices, has higher heat exchange efficiency, lower overall energy consumption and is more energy-efficient, and adopts a medium heat exchange method to solve the problems of rapid response of hydrogen precooling of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and large temperature fluctuations, thereby realizing the low-temperature cold start loading test of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; the gas precooling device of the fuel cell stack adopts a multi-channel cascade PID fluid temperature control technology, and the temperature of the fluid can be constantly controlled at different flow rates to meet the test requirements, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the low-temperature cold start loading process test of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and has good application prospects.

[0044] Those skilled in the art should understand that those skilled in the art can implement variations by combining the prior art and the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here. Such variations do not affect the essential content of the present utility model, and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model. It should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods, and the devices and structures that are not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in a common manner in the art; any technician familiar with the art can use the above-disclosed methods and technical contents to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the utility model without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model, or modify them into equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes, which does not affect the essential content of the utility model. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of the utility model still falls within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, characterized in that: Including gas system, gas and thermal oil plate heat exchanger, thermal oil system, refrigerant and thermal oil plate heat exchanger and refrigerant system; The gas system and the heat transfer oil system exchange heat through the gas and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger, and the heat transfer oil system and the refrigerant system exchange heat through the refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger. The refrigerant system includes a refrigeration unit, and the refrigeration unit is connected to the refrigerant inlet and outlet of the refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger through the refrigerant pipeline A and the refrigerant pipeline B respectively; The heat transfer oil system includes a heat transfer oil heating system and an expansion oil tank. The expansion oil tank is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet and outlet of the gas and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger through a heat transfer oil pipeline A and a heat transfer oil pipeline B, respectively. The expansion oil tank is also connected to the heat transfer oil inlet and outlet of the refrigerant and heat transfer oil plate heat exchanger through a heat transfer oil pipeline C and a heat transfer oil pipeline D, respectively. The heat transfer oil heating system is connected to the expansion oil tank and the heat transfer oil pipeline D through a heat transfer oil pipeline E and a heat transfer oil pipeline F, respectively.

2. A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant pipeline A is provided with an electronic expansion valve, and the refrigerant pipeline B is provided with a return air pressure and temperature sensor.

3. A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas system includes a gas supply source; The gas supply source is connected to the gas and thermal oil plate heat exchanger through the gas supply pipe A, and the gas and thermal oil plate heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell stack through the gas supply pipe B; The gas supply pipe A is provided with a gas flow sensor and a gas pressure sensor, and the gas supply pipe B is provided with a gas outlet flow sensor, a gas outlet pressure sensor and a gas outlet temperature sensor.

4. A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas supply pipe A is provided with a gas solenoid valve, a gas angle valve and a dangerous gas detector in sequence along the gas flow direction at a section close to the gas supply source.

5. The gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal oil heating system comprises a thermal oil high-temperature oil tank, a high-temperature section temperature sensor, a high-temperature section liquid level sensor, a heating pipe, a high-temperature section return oil regulating valve, a high-temperature section proportional regulating valve, a high-temperature section external circulation oil pump and a high-temperature section internal circulation oil pump; The heat transfer oil high temperature oil tank is equipped with a high temperature section temperature sensor, a high temperature section liquid level sensor and a heating pipe. The high temperature section internal circulation oil pump is connected to the heat transfer oil high temperature oil tank through an internal circulation oil circuit. The heat transfer oil high temperature oil tank is provided with an oil inlet pipe and an oil outlet pipe. A high temperature section proportional regulating valve and a high temperature section external circulation oil pump are installed on the oil outlet pipe. A high temperature section return oil regulating valve is installed on the oil inlet pipe.

6. A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion tank is provided with a low temperature section tank temperature sensor and a low temperature section tank liquid level sensor; The heat transfer oil pipeline A is provided with a gas section oil proportional valve and a gas section oil pump; The heat transfer oil pipeline B is provided with a gas section oil return regulating valve.

7. A gas precooling device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat transfer oil pipeline C is provided with a low temperature section heat transfer oil proportional regulating valve and a low temperature section heat transfer oil variable frequency pump; The heat transfer oil pipeline D is provided with a low temperature section oil return regulating valve.

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