Microchannel Reactor

Abstract

A microchannel reactor includes a lower substrate and an upper cover plate, wherein a microchannel is arranged between the lower substrate and the upper cover plate, and the microchannel is fixed on the lower substrate; the microchannel is in an "S" shape, and the two ends of the microchannel are respectively located outside the lower substrate and form an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, respectively, and a plurality of reaction units are arranged on the microchannel part located on the lower substrate, and an input straight pipe and an output straight pipe are respectively arranged at the two ends of the reaction unit, and a plurality of elliptical channels are arranged between the input straight pipe and the output straight pipe. The novel adopts the above structure, which effectively solves the problems existing in the prior art, improves the mixing efficiency between liquid phase materials, and ensures that the materials can be evenly distributed along the entire microchannel, avoiding the problem of insufficient utilization of the microchannel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical reaction devices, in particular to a microchannel reactor. Background Art

[0002] In the current field of chemical engineering and technology, microchannel reactors are an advanced reaction equipment that is widely used in the fields of fine chemical synthesis, pharmaceuticals, materials science, etc. due to their advantages such as efficient mass and heat transfer, high specific surface area, safety and environmental protection, and easy modular design. Traditional chemical reactors are often large in size, low in reaction efficiency, and high in energy consumption, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of modern chemical production for high-efficiency, low-cost and environmentally friendly technologies. Therefore, the development of efficient and compact microchannel reactors has become a research hotspot.

[0003] Early microchannel reactor designs were relatively simple, usually only containing basic fluid channel structures, and had limited control and optimization capabilities for complex chemical reactions. With the development of technology, researchers began to explore more complex internal structure designs to improve reaction efficiency and product selectivity while enhancing system stability and operational flexibility. For example, by constructing a mesh, branched, or three-dimensional channel structure in a microchannel, the reaction contact area can be increased and the material mixing effect can be improved, thereby achieving more uniform reaction conditions and better reaction performance.

[0004] However, with the increase in complexity, the design and manufacture of microchannel reactors face many challenges, such as the difficulty of precision machining of microstructures, the increased requirements for material corrosion resistance and temperature resistance, and how to effectively solve the problem of equipment damage caused by violent reactions or temperature fluctuations. In addition, the precise metering and multi-channel distribution of raw materials, as well as the effective management of heat during the reaction process, are also key technical problems in achieving efficient micro-reaction processes. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a microchannel reactor, which effectively solves the problems existing in the prior art, improves the mixing efficiency between liquid phase materials, and ensures that the materials can be evenly distributed along the entire microchannel, avoiding the problem of insufficient microchannel utilization.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a microchannel reactor, comprising a lower substrate and an upper cover plate, a microchannel is arranged between the lower substrate and the upper cover plate, and the microchannel is fixed on the lower substrate;

[0007] The microchannel is in an "S" shape, with both ends of the microchannel located outside the lower substrate and forming an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe respectively. A plurality of reaction units are arranged on the microchannel portion located on the lower substrate, and an input straight pipe and an output straight pipe are arranged at both ends of the reaction unit respectively, and a plurality of elliptical channels are arranged between the input straight pipe and the output straight pipe.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction unit is a mesh channel structure composed of a plurality of interconnected elliptical channels, one end of the mesh channel composed of the elliptical channels is connected to the input straight pipe through a split arc tube, and the other end is connected to the output straight pipe through a collecting arc tube.

[0009] In a preferred solution, an inlet and outlet pipe protection plate is provided on the same side wall of the lower base plate and the upper cover plate, and the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate is a semicircular arc plate. The lower base plate and the upper cover plate form a cylindrical structure and cover the inlet and outlet pipes at both ends of the microchannel.

[0010] In a preferred solution, flange plates are provided on both sides of the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate, and a flexible buffer layer is provided on the inner wall surface of the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate.

[0011] In a preferred solution, one end of the inlet pipe of the microchannel is connected to a manifold mechanism, and a plurality of reaction raw material injection pipes are connected to the manifold mechanism, and the plurality of reaction raw material injection pipes are all in communication with the inlet pipe of the microchannel.

[0012] In a preferred solution, a heating wire is provided inside the lower substrate.

[0013] The microchannel reactor provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above structure:

[0014] (1) The “S”-shaped microchannel design not only increases the residence time of the fluid in the reactor, which is beneficial for the full mixing and reaction of the reactants, but also optimizes the heat exchange efficiency, helps to evenly distribute and precisely control the temperature during the reaction, reduces local overheating or cold spots, and improves the overall reaction efficiency;

[0015] (2) The reaction unit adopts a mesh elliptical channel structure, and the input and output are connected by a split arc tube and a collecting arc tube. This design greatly increases the reaction contact area, promotes the micro-mixing of the reactants, and is beneficial to improving the selectivity and yield of the products. It is also convenient for introducing a multiphase reaction system, expanding the application range of the reactor. At the same time, the distribution of the fluid is controlled by the direction of the elliptical channel, avoiding the problem of low microchannel utilization caused by the direct short circuit of the material.

[0016] (3) The setting of the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate, especially the design of the semi-circular plate shape and the internal flexible buffer layer, effectively protects the inlet and outlet pipe parts from external impact or thermal stress damage, enhances the mechanical stability and service life of the reactor, and reduces the risk of leakage caused by accidents, thereby improving operational safety;

[0017] (4) The heating wire embedded in the lower substrate provides a fast response and uniformly distributed heating mechanism, which can instantly adjust the temperature according to the reaction requirements, optimize energy utilization, reduce dependence on external heating equipment, and further improve the system's integration and energy efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the microchannel in the utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reaction unit in the utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate in the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: lower substrate 1, upper cover plate 2, microchannel 3, inlet and outlet pipe protection plate 4, flange plate 401, heating wire 5, manifold mechanism 6, reaction raw material injection pipe 7, reaction unit 8, elliptical channel 801, input straight pipe 802, output straight pipe 803, diverter arc tube 804, collector arc tube 805, flexible buffer layer 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] like Figure 1-4 A microchannel reactor comprises a lower substrate 1 and an upper cover plate 2, wherein a microchannel 3 is arranged between the lower substrate 1 and the upper cover plate 2, and the microchannel 3 is fixed on the lower substrate 1;

[0026] The microchannel 3 is in an "S" shape, with both ends of the microchannel 3 located outside the lower substrate 1 and forming an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe respectively. A plurality of reaction units 8 are provided on the part of the microchannel 3 located on the lower substrate 1, and an input straight pipe 802 and an output straight pipe 803 are provided at both ends of the reaction unit 8, and a plurality of elliptical channels 801 are provided between the input straight pipe 802 and the output straight pipe 803.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction unit 8 is a mesh channel structure composed of a plurality of interconnected elliptical channels 801, one end of the mesh channel composed of the elliptical channels 801 is connected to the input straight pipe 802 through a diverter arc tube 804, and the other end is connected to the output straight pipe 803 through a collecting arc tube 805.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, an inlet and outlet pipe protection plate 4 is provided on the same side wall of the lower base plate 1 and the upper cover plate 2. The inlet and outlet pipe protection plate 4 is a semicircular arc plate. The lower base plate 1 and the upper cover plate 2 form a cylindrical structure and cover the inlet and outlet pipes at both ends of the microchannel 3.

[0029] In a preferred solution, flange plates 401 are provided on both sides of the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate 4 , and a flexible buffer layer 9 is provided on the inner wall surface of the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate 4 .

[0030] In a preferred solution, one end of the inlet pipe of the microchannel 3 is connected to a manifold mechanism 6 , and a plurality of reaction raw material injection pipes 7 are connected to the manifold mechanism 6 , and the plurality of reaction raw material injection pipes 7 are all in communication with the inlet pipe of the microchannel 3 .

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, a heating wire 5 is provided inside the lower substrate 1.

[0032] Substrate selection and processing: First, select high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant materials, such as stainless steel or special glass, as the materials for the lower substrate (1) and the upper cover (2). Use precision laser cutting or photolithography technology to process a precise "S"-shaped microchannel (3) on the lower substrate (1) to ensure that the channel wall is smooth and reduce flow resistance. The upper cover (2) is designed to fit tightly with the lower substrate (1) and is fixed by welding or screws to form a sealed microchannel structure.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] Based on the structure described in Example 1, the basic structure of the microchannel reactor is as follows:

[0035] 1. Substrate selection and processing: First, select high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, such as stainless steel or special glass, as the materials for the lower substrate 1 and the upper cover 2. Process a precise "S"-shaped microchannel installation groove on the lower substrate 1 to ensure that the channel wall is smooth, and install the microchannel 3 in the groove body. The upper cover 2 is designed to fit closely with the lower substrate 1 and is fixed by welding or screws to effectively fix the reaction area of ​​the microchannel 3.

[0036] 2. Reaction unit construction: A mounting groove for the reaction unit 8 is constructed in a specific area of ​​the microchannel 3 set on the lower substrate 1. The reaction unit is composed of a plurality of interconnected elliptical channels 801 forming a mesh structure. The elliptical channels are carved on the substrate using precise micromachining technology and are connected to the input straight tube 802 and the output straight tube 803 respectively through tiny diverter arc tubes 804 and collector arc tubes 805 to ensure smooth passage of the fluid and sufficient reaction.

[0037] 3. Inlet and outlet pipe protection and support: A semicircular inlet and outlet pipe protection plate 4 is installed on the edge of the lower base plate 1 and the upper cover plate 2, and fixed with a flange plate 401 to enhance the stability of the overall structure. A flexible buffer layer 9, such as silicone or polyurethane, is attached to the inner side of the protection plate to absorb external impact and protect the inlet and outlet pipes from physical damage.

[0038] 4. Manifold structure and raw material injection: At the feed end of the microchannel 3, a manifold structure 6 is installed. The structure consists of a central main pipeline and a plurality of reaction raw material injection pipes 7 branching out, ensuring that each injection pipe can accurately control the flow rate to meet the strict requirements of different reactions on the raw material ratio.

[0039] 5. Heating system integration: The heating wire 5 is embedded in the lower substrate 1 and equipped with an intelligent temperature control system, which can adjust the heating power according to the needs of the reaction process, realize precise temperature control, and ensure the stability of the reaction conditions.

[0040] For a specific chemical synthesis process, such as enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the above basic structure can be appropriately adjusted. For example, according to the optimal operating temperature range of the enzyme, the layout and power of the electric heating wire 5 are adjusted to ensure that the temperature in the microchannel is uniform and constant at the optimal reaction temperature. In addition, the design of the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate 4 can consider adding a cooling water circulation pipeline (the cooling water circulation pipeline is added to the upper cover plate 2) to effectively take away the excess heat generated by the reaction, keep the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the reactor to a minimum, and improve the activity and stability of the enzyme.

[0041] Through the detailed description of these specific embodiments, the microchannel reactor of the present invention not only demonstrates its high adaptability and flexibility, but also emphasizes the importance of personalized design according to different chemical reaction characteristics in practical applications, so as to ensure the best reaction performance and product quality.

Claims

1. A microchannel reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a lower substrate (1) and an upper cover plate (2), wherein a microchannel (3) is provided between the lower substrate (1) and the upper cover plate (2), and the microchannel (3) is fixed on the lower substrate (1); The microchannel (3) is in an "S" shape, with two ends of the microchannel (3) respectively located outside the lower substrate (1) and forming an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe respectively, a plurality of reaction units (8) being provided on the portion of the microchannel (3) located on the lower substrate (1), an input straight pipe (802) and an output straight pipe (803) being respectively provided at two ends of the reaction unit (8), and a plurality of elliptical channels (801) being provided between the input straight pipe (802) and the output straight pipe (803).

2. A microchannel reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction unit (8) is a mesh channel structure composed of a plurality of interconnected elliptical channels (801), one end of the mesh channel composed of the elliptical channels (801) is connected to the input straight tube (802) via a split arc tube (804), and the other end is connected to the output straight tube (803) via a collecting arc tube (805).

3. A microchannel reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet and outlet pipe protection plate (4) is provided on the same side wall of the lower base plate (1) and the upper cover plate (2); the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate (4) is a semi-circular arc plate; the lower base plate (1) and the upper cover plate (2) form a cylindrical structure and cover the inlet and outlet pipes at both ends of the microchannel (3).

4. A microchannel reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Flange plates (401) are provided on both sides of the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate (4), and a flexible buffer layer (9) is provided on the inner wall surface of the inlet and outlet pipe protection plate (4).

5. A microchannel reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the inlet pipe of the microchannel (3) is connected to a manifold mechanism (6), and a plurality of reaction raw material injection pipes (7) are connected to the manifold mechanism (6), and the plurality of reaction raw material injection pipes (7) are all in communication with the inlet pipe of the microchannel (3).

6. A microchannel reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating wire (5) is provided inside the lower substrate (1).

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