A floating offshore wind farm with shared anchoring

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shared anchoring floating offshore wind farm, including multiple floating platforms, multiple anchoring assemblies and multiple mooring cables; each floating platform is provided with a wind turbine, and the multiple floating platforms are respectively distributed on the sidelines and the center of a hexagon; the anchoring assembly is used to connect with the seabed, and an anchoring assembly is provided at the center of each floating platform; one end of the mooring cable is connected to the anchoring assembly, and the other end of the mooring cable is connected to a floating platform adjacent to the above-mentioned anchoring assembly, and each floating platform is respectively connected to three adjacent anchoring assemblies through the mooring cable. Compared with the prior art, multiple floating platforms of the utility model can share one anchoring assembly, and under the condition of ensuring normal operation, the number of anchoring assemblies occupied by each wind turbine is reduced as much as possible, so that the overall structure of the wind farm is compact, does not occupy too much sea area, and reduces the construction cost and the engineering volume by reducing the number of anchoring assemblies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of offshore wind power generation, in particular to a shared anchoring floating offshore wind farm. Background Art

[0002] Wind power is a renewable energy method that uses wind energy to drive wind turbines to generate electricity. Offshore wind energy resources are an important component of clean, renewable energy.

[0003] Offshore wind turbine foundations include fixed offshore wind turbine foundations, which include monopile foundations, jacket foundations, tripod foundations, and gravity foundations. They are primarily suitable for water depths of 0 to 50 meters near the coast, with different foundation structures applicable to different water depths. Fixed offshore wind turbine foundations are located in shallow waters, making construction relatively easy, with a simple overall structure and high stability. However, once built, fixed offshore wind turbine foundations cannot be moved and are difficult to dismantle. They have strict water depth requirements and are not suitable for offshore waters with richer wind energy resources.

[0004] As the siting of offshore wind farms gradually shifts from nearshore to offshore, the water depth increases, and offshore wind turbines are also gradually shifting from fixed platforms to floating platforms. Currently, floating wind turbines are all fixed by mooring anchoring, where the floating wind turbines are connected and fixed to the anchoring foundation on the seabed via mooring cables. The existing technology is to equip each floating wind turbine with a separate set of mooring anchoring foundations, that is, each anchoring foundation is only connected to one mooring cable. However, the high cost and installation cost of the anchoring foundations lead to the disadvantages of high cost and high cost of floating wind turbines. At the same time, in order to avoid interference and collision between adjacent floating wind turbines and their supporting mooring cables, the distance between floating wind turbines is relatively large, the number of wind turbines deployed per unit sea area is small, and the ocean utilization rate is low. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the number of anchoring foundations, reduce installation costs, and improve ocean area utilization have become key factors in reducing the cost of offshore floating wind turbines. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a floating offshore wind farm with shared anchoring, which effectively reduces the number of anchoring foundations, reduces the cost of wind turbine installation, and improves the utilization rate of the ocean area.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A shared anchoring floating offshore wind farm comprising:

[0008] A plurality of floating platforms, each of which is provided with a wind turbine, and the plurality of floating platforms are respectively distributed on the sides and the center of the hexagon;

[0009] A plurality of anchoring assemblies, each of which is used to connect to the seabed, and each of the floating platforms is provided with one such anchoring assembly at its center;

[0010] A plurality of mooring cables, one end of each mooring cable is connected to the anchor assembly, and the other end of each mooring cable is connected to a floating platform adjacent to the anchor assembly, and each floating platform is connected to three adjacent anchor assemblies respectively through the mooring cable.

[0011] In one embodiment, the floating platform located at the center of the hexagon is the central floating platform, and the floating platform located at the edge of the hexagon is the edge floating platform. A plurality of edge floating platforms surround the central floating platform to form a plurality of hexagons of different sizes. The number M of the floating platforms satisfies the following relationship: M = 3n 2 +3n+1, the number K of the anchoring components satisfies the following relationship: K=3n 2 +9n+4, where n is the number of hexagons formed around the central floating platform.

[0012] In one embodiment, the distances between all adjacent floating platforms are equal, and the distances between all adjacent anchoring assemblies are equal.

[0013] In one embodiment, the hexagon formed by the plurality of edge floating platforms is a regular hexagon.

[0014] In one embodiment, the floating platform is an equilateral triangle platform, and each vertex of the floating platform is provided with a connecting member, and the connecting member is connected to one end of the mooring cable.

[0015] In one embodiment, two mooring cables are connected to each of the connecting members, and the other ends of the two mooring cables are connected to the same anchor assembly.

[0016] In one embodiment, the angle between two adjacent mooring cables connected to the same floating platform is 120°.

[0017] In one embodiment, the distance L between two adjacent floating platforms satisfies the following relationship: 7l≤L≤10l, where l is the blade diameter of the wind turbine.

[0018] In one embodiment, the anchoring assembly includes a pile foundation and a plurality of mooring rings, wherein the plurality of mooring rings are sequentially sleeved on the pile foundation along the axial direction and can rotate around the axis of the pile foundation, and the mooring rings are connected to the mooring cables in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0019] In one embodiment, the pile foundation is provided with a plurality of axially distributed limiting members, each of the mooring rings is provided between two adjacent limiting members, and a fixing cap is provided on the top of the pile foundation.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. In the above-mentioned offshore wind farm, multiple floating platforms are arranged at the edges and center of a hexagon. Each floating platform is connected to three adjacent anchor assemblies, and each anchor assembly is connected to three adjacent floating platforms. Therefore, each floating platform is towed and fixed by three anchor assemblies. Each floating platform has a relatively stable structure, and each floating platform is provided with an anchor assembly at its center. That is, some anchor assemblies are arranged at the center of the floating platform, while others do not overlap with the center of the floating platform, further reducing the sea area occupied by the offshore wind farm. Therefore, multiple floating platforms can share one anchor assembly. While ensuring normal operation, the average number of anchor assemblies occupied by each wind turbine is minimized, making the overall structure of the wind farm compact and not occupying too much sea area. By reducing the number of anchor assemblies, construction costs and engineering workload are reduced.

[0022] 2. Multiple floating platforms include a central floating platform and side floating platforms. Multiple side floating platforms form multiple concentric hexagons with different side lengths around a central floating platform, thereby saving the number of anchoring components to the greatest extent. In this case, the number of floating platforms M satisfies: M = 3n 2 +3n+1, the number of anchor components K satisfies: K=3n 2 +9n+4, so the number of anchoring assemblies is only 6n+3 more than the number of floating platforms. When the floating platforms form a hexagon, the number of anchoring assemblies is only 9 more than the number of floating platforms. When the platforms form two concentric hexagons when viewed from above, the number of anchoring assemblies is only 15 more than the number of floating platforms. And so on. Therefore, when arranging offshore wind farms, the anchoring assemblies on the edges and center of the hexagon do not need to occupy additional sea space. Only the extra anchoring assemblies outside the hexagon occupy part of the sea space, thereby maximizing the efficiency of sea space utilization.

[0023] 3. By setting the distances between adjacent floating platforms to be equal, the distances between adjacent anchoring assemblies to be equal, and further setting the angles between the edges of adjacent regular hexagons to be 120°, the floating platforms can be made to form multiple concentric regular hexagons, thereby improving the stability of wind turbines in offshore wind farms.

[0024] 4. A floating platform in the shape of an equilateral triangle is set up, and a connector is provided at each vertex of the triangle for connecting mooring cables. The angle between two adjacent mooring cables connected to the same floating platform is 120°, which effectively improves the stability of the floating platform and thus ensures the stability of the wind turbine.

[0025] 5. The distance L between two adjacent floating platforms is set to be greater than or equal to 7 times the diameter of the wind turbine blades and less than or equal to 10 times the diameter of the wind turbine blades to avoid interference between the blades of two adjacent wind turbines due to a too small distance. This can improve the effective use of wind energy by the wind turbines and ensure the power generation efficiency of the wind turbines, while avoiding excessive sea area occupied due to a too large distance.

[0026] 6. Use a mooring ring that can rotate around the axis of the pile foundation to connect the mooring cable, and then connect the floating platform through the mooring cable to avoid a rigid connection between the pile foundation and the floating platform. This can improve the wind resistance of the floating platform and minimize the tension on the mooring cable caused by different wind directions. At the same time, multiple mooring rings can be connected to the pile foundation through limiters to avoid mutual interference in the rotation of multiple mooring rings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a floating offshore wind farm (a hexagon) in one embodiment.

[0028] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a floating offshore wind farm (a hexagon) in another embodiment.

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a floating offshore wind farm (two hexagons) in one embodiment.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a floating offshore wind farm in an embodiment.

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anchoring assembly in one embodiment.

[0032] Reference numerals: 100, offshore wind farm; 10, floating platform; 20, wind turbine; 30, anchoring assembly; 31, pile foundation; 32, mooring ring; 33, limiter; 34, fixing cap; 40, mooring cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0034] The floating offshore wind farm 100 in some embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in one embodiment, a shared anchoring floating offshore wind farm 100 is provided, comprising a plurality of floating platforms 10, a plurality of anchoring assemblies 30 and a plurality of mooring cables 40;

[0036] Among them, each floating platform 10 is equipped with a wind turbine 20, and multiple floating platforms 10 are distributed on the edges and center of the hexagon; the anchor assembly 30 is used to connect to the seabed, and an anchor assembly 30 is provided in the center of each floating platform 10; one end of the mooring cable 40 is connected to the anchor assembly 30, and the other end of the mooring cable 40 is connected to a floating platform 10 adjacent to the above-mentioned anchor assembly 30. Each floating platform 10 is connected to three adjacent anchor assemblies 30 through the mooring cable 40.

[0037] The anchor assembly 30 is provided at the center of the floating platform 10 , which means that the anchor assembly 30 is arranged on the seabed directly below the center of the floating platform 10 .

[0038] In the above-mentioned offshore wind farm 100, multiple floating platforms 10 are arranged at the edges and center of a hexagon. Each floating platform 10 is connected to three adjacent anchor assemblies 30, and each anchor assembly 30 is connected to three adjacent floating platforms 10. Therefore, each floating platform 10 is towed and fixed by three anchor assemblies 30. The structure of each floating platform 10 is relatively stable, and an anchor assembly 30 is provided at the center of each floating platform 10. That is, some anchor assemblies 30 are arranged at the center of the floating platform 10, and some anchor assemblies 30 do not coincide with the center of the floating platform 10, further reducing the sea area occupied by the offshore wind farm 100. Therefore, multiple floating platforms 10 can share one anchor assembly 30. While ensuring normal operation, the average number of anchor assemblies 30 occupied by each wind turbine 20 is minimized as much as possible, making the overall structure of the wind farm compact and not occupying too much sea area. By reducing the number of anchor assemblies 30, construction costs and engineering workload are reduced.

[0039] Specifically, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the floating platform 10 located at the center of the hexagon is the central floating platform, and the floating platforms 10 located at the edges of the hexagon are edge floating platforms. Multiple edge floating platforms surround a central floating platform to form multiple hexagons of different sizes. The number M of floating platforms 10 satisfies the following relationship: M = 3n 2 +3n+1, the number K of anchoring assemblies 30 satisfies the following relationship: K=3n 2 +9n+4, where n is the number of hexagons formed around the central floating platform.

[0040] The plurality of floating platforms 10 include a central floating platform and side floating platforms. The side floating platforms form a plurality of concentric hexagons with different side lengths around a central floating platform, thereby achieving a maximum saving in the number of anchoring assemblies 30. In this case, the number M of floating platforms 10 satisfies: M = 3n 2 +3n+1, the number K of anchoring assemblies 30 satisfies: K=3n 2 +9n+4, so the number of anchor assemblies 30 is only 6n+3 more than the number of floating platforms 10. When the floating platforms 10 form a hexagon, the number of anchor assemblies 30 is only 9 more than the number of floating platforms 10. When the platforms form two concentric hexagons when viewed from above, the number of anchor assemblies 30 is only 15 more than the number of floating platforms 10. And so on. Therefore, when the offshore wind farm 100 is arranged, the anchor assemblies 30 at the edges and center of the hexagon do not need to occupy additional sea space. Only the extra anchor assemblies 30 outside the hexagon occupy part of the sea space, thereby maximizing the efficiency of sea space utilization.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the distances between all adjacent floating platforms 10 are equal, and the distances between all adjacent anchoring assemblies 30 are equal.

[0042] In this embodiment, the hexagon formed by the multiple edge floating platforms is a regular hexagon. By setting the distance between adjacent floating platforms 10 and adjacent anchor assemblies 30 equal, and further setting the angle between the edges of adjacent regular hexagons to 120°, the floating platforms 10 can be arranged to form multiple concentric regular hexagons, thereby improving the stability of the wind turbines 20 in the offshore wind farm 100.

[0043] Specifically, if Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the floating platform 10 is an equilateral triangle platform, and each vertex of the floating platform 10 is provided with a connector, which is connected to one end of the mooring cable 40. The equilateral triangle-shaped floating platform 10 is provided with a connector at each vertex of the triangle for connecting the mooring cable 40, and the angle between two adjacent mooring cables 40 connected to the same floating platform 10 is 120°, which effectively improves the stability of the floating platform 10 and thus ensures the stability of the wind turbine 20.

[0044] Furthermore, if Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment, two mooring cables 40 are connected to each connector, and the other ends of the two mooring cables 40 are connected to the same anchor assembly 30. Two mooring cables 40 connect one floating platform 10 and one anchor assembly 30, which is beneficial to improving the reliability and life of the connection.

[0045] In this specific embodiment, the angle between two adjacent mooring cables 40 connected to the same floating platform 10 is 120°.

[0046] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the distance L between two adjacent floating platforms 10 satisfies the following relationship: 7l ≤ L ≤ 10l, where l is the blade diameter of the wind turbine 20. Setting the distance L between two adjacent floating platforms to be greater than or equal to 7 times the diameter of the wind turbine blades and less than or equal to 10 times the diameter of the wind turbine blades prevents interference between the blades of the adjacent wind turbines due to a too small distance, thereby improving the wind turbines' efficient use of wind energy and ensuring their power generation efficiency, while also preventing excessive sea area from being occupied due to a too large distance.

[0047] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the anchor assembly 30 includes a pile foundation 31 and a plurality of mooring rings 32. The plurality of mooring rings 32 are sequentially sleeved on the pile foundation 31 along the axial direction and can rotate around the axis of the pile foundation 31. The mooring rings 32 are connected to the mooring cables 40 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, a pile foundation 31 is provided with multiple axially distributed stoppers 33. Each mooring ring 32 is positioned between two adjacent stoppers 33. A fixing cap 34 is provided at the top of the pile foundation 31. The mooring ring 32, which can rotate about the axis of the pile foundation 31, is connected to the mooring line 40, which is then connected to the floating platform 10 via the mooring line 40. This avoids a rigid connection between the pile foundation 31 and the floating platform 10, improves the wind resistance of the floating platform 10, and minimizes the tension on the mooring line 40 caused by different wind directions. Furthermore, the stoppers 33 allow multiple mooring rings 32 to be connected to the pile foundation 31, preventing rotational interference between the multiple mooring rings 32. The fixing cap 34 prevents the stoppers 33 and mooring rings 32 from axially separating from the pile foundation 31.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0050] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0051] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0053] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0054] The above describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concepts of the present invention without inventive effort. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be derived by those skilled in the art based on the concepts of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation based on the existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm, characterized in that: include: A plurality of floating platforms (10), each of the floating platforms (10) being provided with a fan (20), and the plurality of floating platforms (10) being respectively distributed on the sides and the center of a hexagon; A plurality of anchoring assemblies (30), the anchoring assemblies (30) being used to connect to the seabed, and one of the anchoring assemblies (30) is arranged at the center of each of the floating platforms (10); A plurality of mooring cables (40), one end of each mooring cable (40) being connected to the anchor assembly (30), and the other end of each mooring cable (40) being connected to a floating platform (10) adjacent to the anchor assembly (30), and each floating platform (10) being respectively connected to three adjacent anchor assemblies (30) via the mooring cables (40).

2. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating platform (10) located at the center of the hexagon is a central floating platform, the floating platform (10) located at the edge of the hexagon is a edge floating platform, and a plurality of edge floating platforms surround one central floating platform to form a plurality of hexagons of different sizes, and the number M of the floating platforms (10) satisfies the following relationship: M=3n 2 +3n+1, the number K of the anchoring components (30) satisfies the following relationship: K=3n 2 +9n+4, wherein n is the number of hexagons formed around the above-mentioned central floating platform.

3. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distances between all adjacent floating platforms (10) are equal, and the distances between all adjacent anchoring assemblies (30) are equal.

4. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hexagon formed by the plurality of edge floating platforms is a regular hexagon.

5. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating platform (10) is an equilateral triangle platform, and a connecting piece is provided on each vertex of the floating platform (10), and the connecting piece is connected to one end of the mooring cable (40).

6. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two mooring cables (40) are connected to each of the connecting members, and the other ends of the two mooring cables (40) are connected to the same anchoring assembly (30).

7. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle between two adjacent mooring cables (40) connected to the same floating platform (10) is 120°.

8. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance L between two adjacent floating platforms (10) satisfies the following relationship: 7l≤L≤10l, where l is the blade diameter of the wind turbine (20).

9. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring assembly (30) comprises a pile foundation (31) and a plurality of mooring rings (32). The plurality of mooring rings (32) are sequentially sleeved on the pile foundation (31) along the axial direction and can rotate around the axis of the pile foundation (31). The mooring rings (32) are connected to the mooring cables (40) in a one-to-one correspondence.

10. A shared anchorage floating offshore wind farm according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pile foundation (31) is provided with a plurality of axially distributed limiting members (33), each of the mooring rings (32) is arranged between two adjacent limiting members (33), and a fixing cap (34) is provided on the top of the pile foundation (31).

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