Water distribution gabion walls and rainwater storage / purification facilities for large water bodies

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water distribution gabion wall and a rainwater storage / purification facility of a large water body. The water distribution gabion wall is composed of water distribution gabions arranged in rows. The water distribution gabions are divided into multiple groups along the arrangement direction, and a water-passing spacing is left between adjacent water distribution gabion groups. The overflow channel of the rainwater storage / purification facility adopts such a water distribution gabion wall. The utility model can not only filter and purify the incoming water through the water permeability of the water distribution gabion, but also make the incoming water pass quickly through the water-passing spacing when the incoming water volume is too large to avoid being retained upstream. By flexibly setting the number and width of the water-passing spacing, the water flow volume and the direction of the incoming water in a unit time can be effectively controlled to achieve reasonable water distribution to the downstream, and is particularly suitable for water distribution applications between upstream and downstream water bodies in seasonal rainwater storage facilities or systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a water distribution gabion wall of a large water body, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection building facilities. Background Art

[0002] Gabions (or gabion walls) are a form of ecological net structure, which are cages filled with stones to prevent riverbanks or structures from being washed away by water. For example, the utility model patent with publication number CN219825357U discloses an improved gabion retaining wall, including a slope, the bottom of which is cast with concrete precast blocks, the outer side of which is built with a drainage ditch body, and a drainage grate is provided on the drainage ditch body; the surface of the concrete precast blocks is cast with a shear wall, the inner side of the shear wall is arranged with a first steel wire mesh box assembly, the surface of the shear wall is arranged with a second steel wire mesh box assembly, and the space between the shear wall and the slope is filled with a volcanic rock layer. The gabion retaining wall can perform multi-layer filtration of rainwater and surface runoff, which changes the disadvantages of traditional gabion steel wire mesh boxes, increases the use environment of steel wire mesh box products, effectively reduces the impact of sediment on the city appearance, and improves the cleanliness of the environment. For another example, the utility model patent with publication number CN217923356U discloses a gabion stone cage revetment structure, including two gabion retaining walls, plant planting troughs and underwater ecological anti-impact stones; the gabion retaining wall structure is paved with rammed earth, 100mm-150mm thick graded crushed stone base, trapezoidal gabion stone cage, reinforced Mac mat top cover and M5 cement mortar stacked natural stone top from bottom to top; the top of the gabion retaining wall adopts reinforced Mac mat top cover, the cross-section of the gabion retaining wall is trapezoidal, and its inclined surface forms an angle of 60°-80° with the horizontal plane, and at least one layer of geotextile is laid on the inclined surface of the gabion retaining wall. The gabion stone cage revetment structure is treated with stone cage retaining walls at the junction of water and land, combined with plant planting and stone stacking to form a natural ecological revetment, which is conducive to plant growth and the habitat and reproduction of aquatic animals. It also has a good landscape effect, solving the problems of poor structural stability, insufficient aesthetic appearance and inability of plants to purify water in time in existing gabion stone cages.

[0003] The above-mentioned gabion retaining wall or gabion revetment, like the traditional gabion or gabion wall in the prior art, plays a good role in retaining water and filtering water quality, and has the functions of beautifying the environment and providing pedestrian passage. However, there are still common limitations: it is not suitable for rainwater regulation and storage. When there is heavy rainfall in the rainy season, water cannot meet the regulation and storage of rainwater and surface runoff by infiltration, which is easy to cause the water storage of upstream water bodies to exceed the limit and overflow, and it is easy to cause the retention of surface runoff. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a water distribution gabion wall for a large water body, which can not only filter and purify the incoming water, but also allow the incoming water to pass quickly when the amount of incoming water is too large to avoid being retained upstream.

[0005] The technical solution for achieving the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is as follows: the water distribution gabion wall of a large water body is composed of water distribution gabions arranged in rows, the water distribution gabions are divided into multiple groups along the arrangement direction (the extension direction of the water distribution gabion wall), and water-passing spacing (or water-passing openings) are left between adjacent water distribution gabion groups.

[0006] The widths of the water-passing spacings (the widths along the extension direction of the water distribution gabion wall) may be the same or different. Preferably, the widths of the water-passing spacings are the same.

[0007] Preferably, the number of water distribution gabions in the water distribution gabion group is one or more.

[0008] Preferably, the lengths of the water distribution gabion groups in the arrangement direction are the same, that is, the number of water distribution gabions in the water distribution gabion groups is the same.

[0009] The water distribution gabions constituting the water distribution gabion wall may be arranged in a single row or in multiple rows (arranged in multiple rows along the front-to-back direction). When arranged in multiple rows, adjacent rows of water distribution gabions may be arranged in any of the following ways:

[0010] (1) The adjacent rows of water distribution gabions should be close together (close together along the direction of water flow);

[0011] (2) There should be a gap between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions, and the water-passing gaps between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions should be aligned front to back;

[0012] (3) There is a gap between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions, and the water-passing gaps between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions are staggered (staggered along the extension direction of the water distribution gabion wall).

[0013] A slow-flow gabion is provided in the water-passing spacing, and the side walls of the slow-flow gabion (the side walls along the extension direction of the water distribution gabion wall) are respectively tightly attached to the side walls of the water distribution gabion on the corresponding sides, the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion is lower than the top surface height of the water distribution gabion, and the particle size of the built-in stone of the slow-flow gabion is larger than the particle size of the built-in stone of the water distribution gabion.

[0014] The water distribution gabion and the slow-flow gabion are both composed of cage nets and pebbles filled therein. The pebbles built into the water distribution gabion are usually pebbles with a particle size of 60-80 mm, and the pebbles built into the slow-flow gabion are usually pebbles with a particle size of 80 mm-150 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the water distribution gabion wall is provided with a foundation, and the foundation comprises, from bottom to top, a plain soil layer, a graded crushed stone layer and a concrete layer.

[0016] A rainwater storage / purification facility, such as a pond, is provided with an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet and / or the outlet are provided with an overflow channel, and the overflow channel adopts any water distribution gabion wall of a large water body disclosed in the utility model.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] (1) Due to the setting of the water-passing spacing on the wall of the water distribution gabion wall, it can not only filter and purify the incoming water through the water-permeable function of the water distribution gabion, but also allow the incoming water to pass quickly through the water-passing spacing when the incoming water volume is too large to avoid being retained upstream. By flexibly setting the number and width of the water-passing spacing, it can also effectively control the water flow and the direction of the incoming water per unit time, and realize reasonable water distribution to the downstream. It is especially suitable for water distribution applications between upstream and downstream water bodies in seasonal rainwater storage facilities or systems;

[0019] (2) Due to the setting of slow-flow gabions within the water-passing interval, the water distribution gabion wall can treat the incoming water in different ways according to the different water volumes, while filtering and purifying the incoming water to the maximum extent and avoiding the water from being retained upstream. When the water level of the upstream water body is lower than the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion, the incoming water flows through the water distribution gabion and the slow-flow gabion by infiltration, slowing down the incoming water and dissipating its energy, and filtering and purifying it. Since the stone particle size in the slow-flow gabion is larger than that in the water distribution gabion, the water flowing through the slow-flow gabion The speed will be greater than the water flow speed flowing through the water distribution gabion, so that it can filter and purify all the upstream water while reducing the upstream water to the greatest extent and control the upstream water level. When the water level of the upstream water body is higher than the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion, the upstream water higher than the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion will quickly flow to the downstream water body through the water-passing gap (referring to the water-passing gap above the slow-flow gabion), so that the water level of the upstream water body is restored to below the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion as quickly as possible, thereby achieving filtering and purification of the upstream water;

[0020] (3) Due to the staggered distribution of the water-passing spacing of multiple rows of water-distribution gabions, the upstream water will be deflected when passing through the water-passing spacing of each row of water-distribution gabions and will stay and accumulate for a short time in the space between adjacent rows of water-distribution gabions, thereby effectively dissipating energy and slowing down the upstream water flowing through the water-passing spacing to the downstream water body, thereby reducing the scouring of the slope and bottom of the downstream water body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an implementation method of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top view structure;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a top view structure;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a top view of a third embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a top view of a fourth embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an implementation mode of the utility model applied in a rainwater storage and purification facility or system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 The utility model discloses a water distribution gabion wall 1 of a large water body, which is suitable for use between upstream and downstream water bodies of various large water bodies, and is particularly suitable for water distribution between upstream and downstream water bodies in urban seasonal rainwater storage and purification facilities or systems. It is usually arranged at the connecting point between upstream and downstream water bodies in a direction perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the water flow direction, for example, between ponds, between pond 2 and stream 3, or between stream and pond, etc., and its top surface height is usually the same as the highest water level of the upstream water body. The water distribution gabion wall is composed of water distribution gabions 4 arranged in rows, and the water distribution gabions are divided into multiple groups along the arrangement direction (the extension direction of the water distribution gabion wall), and water-passing spacing (or water-passing opening) 5 is left between adjacent water distribution gabion groups. In this way, the water distribution gabion wall can not only filter and purify the incoming water through the water-permeable function of the water distribution gabion, but also allow the incoming water to pass quickly through the water-passing spacing when the incoming water volume is too large, so as to avoid being retained upstream. By flexibly setting the number and width of the water-passing spacing, the amount of water flowing and the direction of the incoming water per unit time can be effectively controlled to achieve reasonable water distribution downstream.

[0029] The water outlet can also be arranged in other suitable ways, for example, the water distribution gabion wall is built by displacing the water distribution gabions up and down. After the water distribution gabion wall is built and stabilized, part of the water distribution gabions in the middle of the wall are removed to form the water outlet.

[0030] The widths of the water-passing spaces (the widths along the extension direction of the water distribution gabion wall) can be the same or different. The widths of the water-passing spaces are preferably the same, so that the water flow of the water-passing spaces is the same, which is convenient for water distribution management and control.

[0031] The number of water distribution gabions in the water distribution gabion group can be one or more. The specific number can be determined according to the number of water-passing spacings set according to the local rainwater storage demand. When the water distribution gabion wall includes multiple layers of water distribution gabions, the water distribution gabions of the water distribution gabion group can be one vertical row or several vertical rows.

[0032] The water distribution gabion groups preferably have the same length in the arrangement direction, that is, the number of water distribution gabions in each water distribution gabion group is the same, so that the spacing between adjacent water-passing spacings is the same, which is both beautiful and can ensure uniform water distribution downstream, facilitating management and control.

[0033] The water distribution gabions constituting the water distribution gabion wall may be arranged in a single row or in multiple rows (arranged in multiple rows along the front-to-back direction). When arranged in multiple rows, adjacent rows of water distribution gabions may be arranged in any of the following ways:

[0034] (1) The adjacent rows of water distribution gabions are closely attached to each other (along the water flow direction), and the water-passing distances of the adjacent rows of water distribution gabions are aligned front to back. This arrangement is equivalent to increasing the width of the water distribution gabion wall in the front-to-back direction, improving the structural strength, and enhancing the impact resistance and stability;

[0035] (2) If Figure 5 As shown, there is a gap between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions, and the water-passing gaps of adjacent rows of water distribution gabions are aligned front and back. In this way, when the incoming water passes through the water-passing opening of the front row of water distribution gabions in the adjacent rows of water distribution gabions, it will stay and accumulate briefly in the space between the front and rear rows of water distribution gabions to dissipate energy and reduce speed.

[0036] (3) If Figure 6 As shown, there is a spacing between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions, and the water-passing spacings of adjacent rows of water distribution gabions are staggered (staggered along the extension direction of the water distribution gabion wall). With this arrangement, the upstream water will form a deflection when passing through the water-passing spacings of each row of water distribution gabions and will temporarily stay and accumulate in the space between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions, thereby effectively dissipating energy and slowing down the upstream water flowing to the downstream water body through the water-passing spacing, thereby reducing the scouring of the slope and bottom of the downstream water body.

[0037] A slow-flow gabion 6 is preferably provided in the water-passing spacing, which is used to slow down the flow velocity of water flowing through the water-passing spacing and filter and purify the flowing water. The side walls of the slow-flow gabion (the side walls along the extension direction of the water distribution gabion wall) are respectively tightly attached to the side walls of the water distribution gabion on the corresponding sides, the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion is lower than the top surface height of the water distribution gabion, and the particle size of the built-in stone of the slow-flow gabion is larger than the particle size of the built-in stone of the water distribution gabion. With such arrangement, the water distribution gabion wall can process the incoming water in different ways according to the different incoming water volumes, and filter and purify the incoming water to the maximum extent while avoiding the incoming water from being retained upstream. When the water level of the upstream water body is lower than the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion, the incoming water flows through the water distribution gabion and the slow-flow gabion by infiltration, slowing down the incoming water and dissipating its energy, and filtering and purifying it. Since the stone particle size in the slow-flow gabion is larger than that in the water distribution gabion, the water flow velocity flowing through the slow-flow gabion will be greater. The water flow speed flowing through the water distribution gabion can be controlled, so that all the upstream water can be filtered and purified while the upstream water can be reduced to the maximum extent to control the upstream water level; when the water level of the upstream water body is higher than the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion, the upstream water higher than the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion will quickly flow to the downstream water body through the water-passing gap (referring to the water-passing gap above the slow-flow gabion), so that the water level of the upstream water body can be restored to below the top surface height of the slow-flow gabion as quickly as possible, thereby realizing the filtration and purification of the upstream water.

[0038] The height of the slow-flow gabion (referring to the height above the ground) can be 1 / 2 or 2 / 3 of the height of the water distribution gabion (referring to the height above the ground).

[0039] The water distribution gabion and the slow-flow gabion are both composed of cage nets and pebbles filled therein. The pebbles built into the water distribution gabion are usually pebbles with a particle size of 60-80 mm, and the pebbles built into the slow-flow gabion are usually pebbles with a particle size of 80 mm-150 mm.

[0040] The two edges of the top of the water distribution gabion and the slow-flow gabion in the front-to-back direction can be reinforced by conformable square steel or angle steel.

[0041] The water distribution gabion wall is provided with a foundation, which preferably includes a plain soil layer 7, a graded crushed stone layer 8 and a concrete layer 9 from bottom to top, wherein the plain soil layer is formed by compacting local plain soil, and the compaction coefficient is not less than 0.93, so as to improve the bearing capacity, the thickness of the graded crushed stone layer is preferably 200 mm, and the concrete layer is cast by C20 plain concrete, and the thickness is preferably 200 mm, so as to enhance the bearing capacity of the foundation.

[0042] The parts of the water distribution gabion and the slow-flow gabion that are in contact with the surrounding bare soil are paved with non-woven fabrics 10 for isolation to prevent bare soil from entering the gabion and causing blockage.

[0043] A preferred implementation of the water distribution gabion wall is:

[0044] (1) The foundation structure is plain soil (compaction system not less than 0.93), 200 mm thick graded crushed stone, and 200 mm thick C20 plain concrete.

[0045] (2) The water distribution gabion wall adopts pebble gabions with a thickness of 400 mm. The top surface height is the same as the highest water level of the upstream water body. A 200 mm wide water inlet is set at intervals in the water distribution gabion wall.

[0046] (3) The water distribution gabion is made of galvanized steel wire mesh gabion with a diameter of 3 mm and internal pebbles with a particle size of 60-80 mm.

[0047] (4) A slow-flow gabion is set inside the water inlet. Its height is 1 / 2 of the height of the water distribution gabion. The slow-flow gabion is made of pebbles with the same thickness as the water distribution gabion.

[0048] (5) The slow-flow gabion is made of galvanized steel wire mesh gabion with a diameter of 3 mm and internal pebbles with a particle size of 80-150 mm.

[0049] (6) A layer of non-woven fabric is laid on the contact area between each gabion and the surrounding soil.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified or one preferred or optional technical means is a further limitation of another technical means, all preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present utility model can be arbitrarily combined to form several different technical solutions.

Claims

1. The water distribution gabion wall of large water bodies is characterized by It is composed of water distribution gabions arranged in rows, and the water distribution gabions are divided into multiple groups along the arrangement direction. There is a water-passing space between adjacent water distribution gabions. A slow-flow gabion is arranged in the water-passing space. The side walls of the slow-flow gabion are respectively tightly attached to the side walls of the water distribution gabion on the corresponding side. The top surface height of the slow-flow gabion is lower than the top surface height of the water distribution gabion, and the particle size of the built-in stone of the slow-flow gabion is larger than the particle size of the built-in stone of the water distribution gabion.

2. The water distribution gabion wall of a large water body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The widths of the water-passing intervals are the same.

3. The water distribution gabion wall of a large water body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The number of the water distribution gabions in the water distribution gabion group is one or more.

4. The water distribution gabion wall of a large water body as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that The lengths of the water distribution gabion groups in the arrangement direction are the same.

5. The water distribution gabion wall of a large water body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The water distribution gabions constituting the water distribution gabion wall are arranged in a single row.

6. The water distribution gabion wall of a large water body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The water distribution gabions constituting the water distribution gabion wall are arranged in multiple rows, and the water distribution gabions in adjacent rows are closely attached to each other front to back.

7. The water distribution gabion wall of a large water body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The water distribution gabions constituting the water distribution gabion wall are arranged in multiple rows, with spacing between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions.

8. The water distribution gabion wall of a large water body as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that The water-passing distances between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions are aligned front to back.

9. The water distribution gabion wall of a large water body as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that The water-passing distances between adjacent rows of water distribution gabions are staggered.

10. A rainwater storage / purification facility, having an inlet side and an outlet side, wherein the inlet side and / or the outlet side is provided with an overflow channel, characterized in that The overflow channel adopts the water distribution gabion wall of the large water body described in any one of claims 1-9.

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