Spectral chips and electronic devices

Abstract

The utility model provides a spectrum chip and electronic equipment. The spectrum chip includes a liquid crystal light valve and a photosensitive layer. The liquid crystal light valve has a light-entering side and a light-exiting side. The photosensitive layer is arranged on the light-exiting side of the liquid crystal light valve. The photosensitive layer includes a plurality of photosensitive units arranged along the extension direction of the liquid crystal light valve. The plurality of photosensitive units correspond to the liquid crystal light valve, and each photosensitive unit is used to correspond to a pixel. When different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal light valve in sequence, different light signals filtered by the liquid crystal light valve are suitable for being successively acquired by the plurality of photosensitive units and converted into electrical signals by the corresponding photosensitive units. Since the spectrum chip can realize that the liquid crystal light valve is shared by a plurality of pixels, the number of liquid crystal light valves is reduced, thereby saving space. Moreover, no matter how many bands the spectrum chip has, each pixel has only one photosensitive unit, and the number of pixels that can be accommodated in a unit physical size is improved, solving the contradiction that high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution cannot be achieved at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of spectral imaging, in particular to a spectral chip and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, a spectral chip usually has a one-to-one correspondence between a filter unit and a photosensitive unit for the same pixel, and each filter unit is responsible for a separate photosensitive unit. The production process is very complicated, especially for multi-spectrum, hyper-spectrum or hyper-spectrum, which means that each pixel requires multiple photosensitive units. Once there are too many photosensitive units, too many photosensitive units and filter units will need to occupy a larger physical size. Within a fixed sensor size, the number of photosensitive units that can be accommodated will decrease, resulting in a reduction in the number of pixels of the spectral chip, and then a reduction in resolution, which means that there is a contradiction between the spectral resolution and spatial resolution of the spectral chip. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of the utility model provide a spectral chip and an electronic device, which can solve the contradiction that high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution cannot be achieved at the same time.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a spectral chip.

[0005] In one embodiment, the spectral chip comprises:

[0006] A liquid crystal light valve having a light incident side and a light emitting side;

[0007] A photosensitive layer is arranged on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal light valve, the photosensitive layer comprises a plurality of photosensitive units arranged along the extension direction of the liquid crystal light valve, the plurality of photosensitive units correspond to the liquid crystal light valve, and each of the photosensitive units is used to correspond to one pixel;

[0008] Wherein, when different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal light valve in sequence, different light signals filtered by the liquid crystal light valve are suitable to be successively acquired by the plurality of photosensitive units and converted into electrical signals by the corresponding photosensitive units.

[0009] In one embodiment, a light homogenizing portion is further included, and the light homogenizing portion is disposed on the light incident side and covers the liquid crystal light valve.

[0010] In one embodiment, the light homogenizing unit includes a light homogenizing plate, and the light homogenizing plate is attached to the liquid crystal light valve.

[0011] In one embodiment, the liquid crystal light valve is provided in plurality, and the plurality of liquid crystal light valves are stacked in sequence along the thickness direction thereof; and / or,

[0012] The liquid crystal light valve comprises a liquid crystal portion, a first grating portion and a second grating portion. The liquid crystal portion is suitable for being applied with a voltage. Along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal light valve, the first grating portion and the second grating portion are respectively located on two opposite sides of the liquid crystal portion and are both in contact with the side surfaces corresponding to the liquid crystal portion.

[0013] In one embodiment, among the plurality of photosensitive units, two adjacent photosensitive units are arranged at intervals;

[0014] The spectral chip further includes a plurality of first light shielding portions, which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of photosensitive units, and the orthographic projection of each of the light shielding portions on the photosensitive layer is arranged around the corresponding photosensitive unit.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising the above-mentioned spectral chip.

[0016] In one embodiment, it further includes an analog-to-digital converter, which is disposed on a side of the photosensitive layer away from the liquid crystal light valve, and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the electrical signal to obtain a grayscale digital image; and / or,

[0017] The electronic device further comprises a lens assembly, which is arranged on the light incident side of the liquid crystal light valve and is used to adjust the intensity of the incident light signal and the size of the light spot.

[0018] In one embodiment, the lens assembly comprises a lens, and an optical axis of the lens is consistent with a light-sensing path of the spectral chip.

[0019] In one embodiment, the lens comprises an aspherical mirror.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spectral imaging method. Based on the electronic device as described above, the spectral imaging method comprises the following steps:

[0021] applying different voltages to the liquid crystal light valves in sequence;

[0022] When the optical signal is emitted to the light incident side of the liquid crystal light valve, a plurality of optical signals of different wavelength bands corresponding to the different voltages are successively obtained from the light exit side after being filtered out;

[0023] The light signals of multiple different wavelength bands emitted from the light-emitting side are successively acquired through the multiple photosensitive units, and the acquired light signals of the corresponding wavelength bands are converted into electrical signals through the corresponding photosensitive units.

[0024] In one embodiment, the electronic device further comprises an analog-to-digital converter, and the analog-to-digital converter is disposed on a side of the photosensitive layer away from the liquid crystal light valve;

[0025] After the step of successively acquiring the light signals of the plurality of different wavelength bands emitted from the light-emitting side through the plurality of photosensitive units, and converting the acquired light signals of the corresponding wavelength bands into electrical signals through the corresponding photosensitive units, the step further includes:

[0026] The analog-to-digital converter performs analog-to-digital conversion on the multiple electrical signals respectively to obtain grayscale digital images corresponding to the multiple electrical signals.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the utility model:

[0028] In the embodiment of the utility model, the key characteristic of the liquid crystal light valve is that it can dynamically adjust its transmittance to light of different wavelengths by changing the voltage. This means that the same liquid crystal light valve can process light signals of multiple bands in sequence without the need to equip each band with a separate light valve. By accurately controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal light valve, light of a specific wavelength can be selectively allowed to pass. In this way, the same liquid crystal light valve can process light signals of multiple different bands in sequence. The response speed of the liquid crystal material is relatively fast, which enables the liquid crystal light valve to quickly switch different voltage settings in a short time, thereby realizing the rapid processing and conversion of light signals of different bands. Since the liquid crystal light valve can accurately filter out light signals of different wavelengths, it can improve the resolution of the spectrum. This design enables data with high spectral resolution to be obtained while maintaining a high spatial resolution. The photosensitive layer is arranged on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal light valve, which can efficiently receive the light signal filtered by the liquid crystal light valve and convert it into an electrical signal. This design improves the conversion efficiency of the light signal, so that the spectral chip can obtain more spectral data in a shorter time. Multiple photosensitive units correspond to the liquid crystal light valve, and each photosensitive unit is used to correspond to a pixel. This design enables the spectral chip to obtain spectral information of multiple pixels at the same time, improving the efficiency and accuracy of data acquisition. When different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal light valve in sequence, the filtering characteristics of the liquid crystal light valve can be dynamically adjusted. This design enables the spectral chip to adapt to different lighting conditions and detection requirements, improving its flexibility and applicability. In addition, the spectral chip provided by the present application can realize multiple pixels sharing the liquid crystal light valve. No matter how many bands of light signals there are, only different voltages need to be applied in succession to realize the photosensitivity and photoelectric conversion of light signals of multiple bands in succession. By sharing the liquid crystal light valve by multiple pixels, the number of liquid crystal light valves is reduced, thereby saving space. Moreover, no matter how many bands the spectral chip has, each pixel has only one photosensitive unit, and the number of pixels that can be accommodated in a unit physical size is improved, which solves the contradiction that high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution cannot be achieved at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a spectrum chip provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a spectral chip provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first light shielding portion and a photosensitive unit provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a liquid crystal light valve provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-layer liquid crystal light valve provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a flow chart of the spectral imaging method provided by an embodiment of the utility model.

[0037] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0038] 100. Electronic equipment;

[0039] 10. Spectral chip;

[0040] 11. liquid crystal light valve, 112. liquid crystal portion, 113. first grating portion, 114. second grating portion;

[0041] 12. photosensitive layer, 121. photosensitive unit;

[0042] 13. Light homogenization part;

[0043] 14. a first light shielding portion;

[0044] 15. Focusing unit;

[0045] 20. Analog-to-digital converter;

[0046] 30. Lens assembly, 31. Lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model. In the utility model, unless otherwise stated, the directional words used, such as "upper" and "lower", generally refer to the upper and lower parts of the device in actual use or working state, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings; while "inside" and "outside" refer to the outline of the device.

[0048] Combine the following Figures 1 to 5 Describe the spectral chip of the present application, Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a spectrum chip provided by an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a spectral chip provided in an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first light shielding portion and a photosensitive unit provided in an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a liquid crystal light valve provided by an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-layer liquid crystal light valve provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The spectral chip 10 includes a liquid crystal light valve 11 and a photosensitive layer 12. The liquid crystal light valve 11 has a light incident side and a light exiting side. The photosensitive layer 12 is arranged on the light exiting side of the liquid crystal light valve 11. The photosensitive layer 12 includes a plurality of photosensitive units 121 arranged along the extension direction of the liquid crystal light valve 11. The plurality of photosensitive units 121 correspond to the liquid crystal light valve 11. Each photosensitive unit 121 is used to correspond to a pixel. When different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 in sequence, different light signals filtered by the liquid crystal light valve 11 are suitable for being successively acquired by the plurality of photosensitive units 121 and converted into electrical signals by the corresponding photosensitive units 121.

[0050] In the spectrum chip 10 of the utility model, the key characteristic of the liquid crystal light valve 11 is that it can dynamically adjust its transmittance to light of different wavelengths by changing the voltage. This means that the same liquid crystal light valve 11 can process optical signals of multiple bands in sequence without the need to equip each band with a separate light valve. By accurately controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11, light of a specific wavelength can be selectively allowed to pass. In this way, the same liquid crystal light valve 11 can process optical signals of multiple different bands in sequence. The response speed of the liquid crystal material is relatively fast, which enables the liquid crystal light valve 11 to quickly switch different voltage settings in a short time, thereby realizing the rapid processing and conversion of optical signals of different bands. Since the liquid crystal light valve 11 can accurately filter out optical signals of different wavelengths, it can improve the resolution of the spectrum. This design enables high spectral resolution data to be obtained while maintaining a high spatial resolution. The photosensitive layer 12 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal light valve 11, and can efficiently receive the optical signal filtered by the liquid crystal light valve 11 and convert it into an electrical signal. This design improves the conversion efficiency of the optical signal, allowing the spectrum chip 10 to obtain more spectral data in a shorter time. Multiple photosensitive units correspond to the liquid crystal light valve 11, and each photosensitive unit is used to correspond to one pixel. This design enables the spectral chip 10 to simultaneously obtain the spectral information of multiple pixel points, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of data acquisition. When different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 in sequence, the filtering characteristics of the liquid crystal light valve 11 can be dynamically adjusted. This design enables the spectral chip 10 to adapt to different lighting conditions and detection requirements, thereby improving its flexibility and applicability. In addition, the spectral chip 10 provided in the present application can realize that multiple pixels share the liquid crystal light valve 11. No matter how many bands of light signals there are, only different voltages need to be applied in sequence to successively realize the photosensitivity and photoelectric conversion of light signals of multiple bands. By sharing the liquid crystal light valve 11 by multiple pixels, the number of liquid crystal light valves 11 is reduced, thereby saving space. Moreover, no matter how many bands the spectral chip 10 has, each pixel has only one photosensitive unit 121, and the number of pixels that can be accommodated in a unit physical size is increased, thereby solving the contradiction that high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution cannot be achieved at the same time.

[0051] It should be noted that the spectral chip 10 is suitable for imaging scenes in a static or low-speed state. In order to ensure high resolution, the liquid crystal light valve needs to have a fast response time so as to quickly switch between different bands. In the embodiment of the present application, taking the 1200 hyperspectral as an example, since it is necessary to receive light of 1200 different bands, it is only necessary to add voltages corresponding to 1200 bands to the liquid crystal spectrometer in sequence, and the total time is about 0.03 seconds.

[0052] In addition, in an embodiment of the present application, the material made of the liquid crystal light valve 11 includes ultrafast ferroelectric liquid crystal. Ultrafast ferroelectric liquid crystal is known for its sub-microsecond response speed, which means that when voltage is applied, the rearrangement and deflection of the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal light valve 11 are almost instantaneous, allowing the liquid crystal light valve 11 to support higher frame rate applications.

[0053] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the spectrum chip 10 further includes a light homogenizing portion 13, which is disposed on the light incident side and covers the liquid crystal light valve 11. The light homogenizing portion 13 can effectively homogenize the incident light signal. Before the light signal enters the liquid crystal light valve 11, the uniformity of the light signal distribution can be ensured by adjusting the light homogenizing portion 13, thereby avoiding measurement errors caused by uneven light intensity. The liquid crystal light valve 11 has certain requirements for the uniformity of the incident light signal. If the light signal is unevenly distributed, the filtering effect may be affected. The existence of the light homogenizing portion 13 can optimize the incident conditions of the light signal, thereby improving the filtering effect of the liquid crystal light valve 11. The light homogenizing portion 13 is covered on the liquid crystal light valve 11, which can play a certain protective role, preventing external impurities or damage from directly contacting the liquid crystal light valve 11, thereby extending the service life of the spectrum chip 10. Since the light homogenizing portion 13 can ensure that the light signal is uniformly incident on the liquid crystal light valve 11, the accuracy and consistency of the spectrum measurement can be improved.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the light homogenizing portion 13 includes a light homogenizing plate, which is attached to the liquid crystal light valve 11. In this way, the propagation distance of light between the two can be reduced, thereby reducing light loss and improving light utilization. This tightly fitting design helps to reduce light scattering and reflection, ensuring that the light signal passes through the liquid crystal light valve 11 in a more efficient and direct manner. The light homogenizing plate can homogenize the incident light, and when it is tightly attached to the liquid crystal light valve 11, it can ensure that the light signal entering the liquid crystal light valve 11 has a high degree of uniformity. This design can improve the working efficiency and accuracy of the liquid crystal light valve 11, because the uniform light signal is more conducive to the liquid crystal light valve 11 to perform accurate spectral analysis and processing. The direct attachment of the light homogenizing plate to the liquid crystal light valve 11 simplifies the overall structure of the spectral chip 10 and reduces unnecessary connecting components. This simplification not only reduces the complexity of manufacturing and assembly, but also helps to improve the reliability and durability of the product. The close-fitting design helps to improve the thermal conductivity, so that the heat between the light homogenizing plate and the liquid crystal light valve 11 can be transferred and dispersed more effectively, thereby preventing the spectral chip 10 from being locally overheated and ensuring that the spectral chip 10 can operate stably.

[0055] It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the light homogenizing portion 13 may also include a light homogenizing film or a light homogenizing coating. Specifically, the application does not limit the specific type of the light homogenizing portion 13.

[0056] Reference Figure 5 In one embodiment, a plurality of liquid crystal light valves 11 are provided, and the plurality of liquid crystal light valves 11 are stacked in sequence along the thickness direction thereof. By stacking the plurality of liquid crystal light valves 11, the optical signal will be further filtered when passing through each layer. This design can enhance the ability to select and filter optical signals of a specific wavelength, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of filtering. The stacking of the plurality of liquid crystal light valves 11 helps to subdivide the spectrum and improve the ability to identify different wavelengths. Each layer of liquid crystal light valves 11 can filter optical signals of different wavelengths, and by stacking multiple layers, more refined spectral resolution can be achieved. A single liquid crystal light valve 11 may only filter a specific range of light waves, but by stacking multiple liquid crystal light valves 11, a wider spectrum range can be covered to meet the needs of different application scenarios. The design of the multi-layer liquid crystal light valve 11 helps to reduce the interference of stray light and improve the purity and signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. Each layer of liquid crystal light valve 11 can remove a portion of stray light, and by stacking multiple layers, the background noise can be significantly reduced and the detection accuracy can be improved. The stacked liquid crystal light valves 11 can better control the propagation path and distribution of the optical signal and optimize the overall performance of the optical system.

[0057] It should be noted that by adjusting the parameters and configurations of different liquid crystal light valves 11, different filtering requirements can be flexibly met. For example, in one embodiment, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer will affect the transmittance and filtering effect of the light signal. By adjusting the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, its refraction and reflection characteristics for light signals of different wavelengths can be changed, thereby achieving different filtering requirements. In another embodiment, different liquid crystal materials have different optical properties. By selecting liquid crystal materials with specific refractive index and dispersion, selective transmission or reflection of light signals of specific wavelengths can be achieved, thereby meeting specific filtering requirements. In other embodiments, the liquid crystal light valve 11 usually needs to control the arrangement state of the liquid crystal molecules by applying a driving voltage, thereby changing the transmission characteristics of the light signal. By adjusting the size and waveform of the driving voltage, precise control of the filtering performance of the liquid crystal light valve 11 can be achieved. Specifically, the present application does not limit the specific method for adjusting the parameters and configurations of different liquid crystal light valves 11.

[0058] In addition, when there are multiple liquid crystal light valves 11, the thicknesses of the multiple liquid crystal light valves 11 may be the same or different. The thickness of each liquid crystal light valve 11 may be set as required, and the present application does not limit this.

[0059] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5In one embodiment, the liquid crystal light valve 11 includes a liquid crystal portion 112, a first grating portion 113 and a second grating portion 114. The liquid crystal portion 112 is suitable for applying voltage. Along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal light valve 11, the first grating portion 113 and the second grating portion 114 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the liquid crystal portion 112 and are both attached to the side corresponding to the liquid crystal portion 112. In this way, the liquid crystal portion 112 can change the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules by applying voltage, thereby affecting the transmittance of the light signal. The first grating portion 113 and the second grating portion 114 can further diffract and interfere the light signal to achieve more detailed light signal control. The design of the first grating portion 113 and the second grating portion 114 can optimize the distribution and uniformity of the light signal and reduce the light spot and halo phenomenon. The functions of liquid crystal and grating are integrated into a liquid crystal light valve 11, realizing the fusion of multiple functions. This not only simplifies the structure of the spectral chip 10, but also improves the overall performance and reliability of the spectral chip 10.

[0060] In one embodiment, the liquid crystal light valve 11 and the photosensitive layer 12 are bonded to each other. In this way, the liquid crystal light valve 11 and the photosensitive layer 12 are directly bonded to each other, which can reduce the attenuation of light during the transmission process. Since there is no interference from the air layer or other media, the light signal can be transmitted from the liquid crystal light valve 11 to the photosensitive layer 12 more directly and effectively, thereby improving the utilization rate and transmission efficiency of light. When the liquid crystal light valve 11 and the photosensitive layer 12 are tightly bonded, the scattering and reflection of the light signal on the interface can be reduced. This design helps to reduce light loss and improve the clarity and contrast of the image. Especially under high light conditions, reducing reflection is crucial to maintaining image quality. Due to the improvement of light transmission efficiency and the reduction of light scattering and reflection, the photosensitive layer 12 can receive clearer and more accurate light signal information. The liquid crystal light valve 11 and the photosensitive layer 12 are directly bonded to each other, which can simplify the overall structure of the device. This is not only conducive to reducing the volume and weight of the spectral chip 10, but also facilitates alignment and fixation during manufacturing and assembly. In addition, the simplified structure also helps to reduce production costs and improve production efficiency.

[0061] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment, among the plurality of photosensitive units 121, two adjacent photosensitive units 121 are arranged at intervals, which helps to reduce the crosstalk between the light signals. This interval can ensure that each photosensitive unit 121 receives the light signal independently, thereby improving the independence and accuracy of the photosensitive unit 121. The spectral chip 10 also includes a plurality of first light shielding portions 14, which are arranged one by one with the plurality of photosensitive units 121, and the positive projection of each light shielding portion on the photosensitive layer 12 is arranged around the corresponding photosensitive unit 121. In this way, the arrangement of the first light shielding portion 14 can block the stray light from directly irradiating the corresponding photosensitive unit 121, thereby reducing noise interference. This helps to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, so that the photosensitive unit 121 can capture and record the light signal information more accurately. By reducing the crosstalk and noise interference of the light signal, the design helps to improve the clarity of image capture. Each photosensitive unit 121 can more accurately record the light signal information of the corresponding position, thereby generating a more delicate and clear image. The design of the first light shielding portion 14 can also optimize the utilization efficiency of the light signal. It ensures that the optical signal is mainly received by the corresponding photosensitive unit 121, reduces the waste of optical signals and unnecessary reflections, and improves the optical signal utilization efficiency of the entire system.

[0062] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, a plurality of first shading portions 14 are sandwiched between the liquid crystal light valve 11 and the photosensitive layer 12, so that the first shading portions 14 can effectively block non-target light signals and prevent them from entering the photosensitive layer 12, thereby reducing crosstalk between light signals.

[0063] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the spectral chip 10 includes a plurality of light-gathering units 15, which are arranged on the light-incident side. The plurality of light-gathering units 15 are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of photosensitive units 121. Thus, by setting a plurality of light-gathering units 15 and corresponding one-to-one with the photosensitive units 121, the incident light signal can be more effectively focused on the corresponding photosensitive unit 121. This design can significantly improve the collection efficiency of the light signal, so that more light signals can be effectively guided and focused on the photosensitive unit 121, thereby enhancing the light signal intensity. Due to the one-to-one correspondence between the light-gathering unit 15 and the photosensitive unit 121, each photosensitive unit 121 can receive a more intense and accurate light signal after light is gathered, thereby improving the accuracy and clarity of the corresponding light signal, which is beneficial to the subsequent light signal processing and image generation. By setting the light-gathering unit 15, the optical path design can be optimized, so that the light signal can be more accurately irradiated on the photosensitive unit 121, ensuring that each photosensitive unit 121 can receive an accurate light signal.

[0064] In one embodiment, each photosensitive unit 121 is located within the positive projection of the corresponding light-gathering unit 15 on the photosensitive layer 12, so that the light signal collected by the light-gathering unit 15 can be projected onto the photosensitive unit 121 to the greatest extent, reducing the waste and scattering of the light signal. This layout ensures that almost all of the light signals focused from the light-gathering unit 15 are received by the photosensitive unit 121, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency of the entire system. Since the photosensitive unit 121 is completely located within the projection of the light-gathering unit 15, this means that the photosensitive unit 121 can accurately receive the light signal from the light-gathering unit 15, reducing the deviation or distortion of the light signal. This design also reduces the signal fluctuation caused by the offset or scattering of the light signal, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the system. This layout makes the photosensitive unit 121 and the light-gathering unit 15 more compact in space, which is conducive to reducing the volume of the entire spectral chip 10.

[0065] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the electronic device 100 includes the above-mentioned spectral chip 10.

[0066] In the electronic device 100 of the utility model, the key characteristic of the liquid crystal light valve 11 is that it can dynamically adjust its transmittance to light of different wavelengths by changing the voltage. This means that the same liquid crystal light valve 11 can process optical signals of multiple bands in sequence without the need to equip each band with a separate light valve. By accurately controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11, light of a specific wavelength can be selectively allowed to pass. In this way, the same liquid crystal light valve 11 can process optical signals of multiple different bands in sequence. The response speed of the liquid crystal material is relatively fast, which enables the liquid crystal light valve 11 to quickly switch different voltage settings in a short time, thereby realizing rapid processing and conversion of optical signals of different bands. Since the liquid crystal light valve 11 can accurately filter out optical signals of different wavelengths, it can improve the resolution of the spectrum. This design enables data with high spectral resolution to be obtained while maintaining a high spatial resolution. The photosensitive layer 12 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal light valve 11, and can efficiently receive the optical signal filtered by the liquid crystal light valve 11 and convert it into an electrical signal. This design improves the conversion efficiency of the optical signal, allowing the spectral chip 10 to obtain more spectral data in a shorter time. Multiple photosensitive units correspond to the liquid crystal light valve 11, and each photosensitive unit is used to correspond to one pixel. This design enables the spectral chip 10 to simultaneously obtain the spectral information of multiple pixel points, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of data acquisition. When different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 in sequence, the filtering characteristics of the liquid crystal light valve 11 can be dynamically adjusted. This design enables the spectral chip 10 to adapt to different lighting conditions and detection requirements, thereby improving its flexibility and applicability. In addition, the spectral chip 10 provided in the present application can realize that multiple pixels share the liquid crystal light valve 11. No matter how many bands of light signals there are, only different voltages need to be applied in sequence to successively realize the photosensitivity and photoelectric conversion of light signals of multiple bands. By sharing the liquid crystal light valve 11 by multiple pixels, the number of liquid crystal light valves 11 is reduced, thereby saving space. Moreover, no matter how many bands the spectral chip 10 has, each pixel has only one photosensitive unit 121, and the number of pixels that can be accommodated in a unit physical size is increased, thereby solving the contradiction that high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution cannot be achieved at the same time.

[0067] Reference Figure 6In one embodiment, the electronic device 100 further includes an analog-to-digital converter 20, which is disposed on the side of the photosensitive layer 12 away from the liquid crystal light valve 11, and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the electrical signal to obtain a grayscale digital image. Through the analog-to-digital converter 20, the continuous analog electrical signal is converted into a discrete digital signal, which is convenient for subsequent digital image processing. Digital signals are easier to store, transmit and analyze, thereby improving the efficiency of image processing. The analog-to-digital converter 20 can provide high-precision and stable digital representation, ensuring that the converted grayscale digital image retains the detailed information of the original image, and improves the accuracy of image processing. The digital image format has better compatibility and scalability. The grayscale digital image after analog-to-digital conversion can be easily interacted with various digital devices and software, broadening the application scenarios of the image. After the analog-to-digital converter 20 converts the analog electrical signal into a digital image, it can be efficiently stored in the memory of the electronic device 100 or remotely transmitted through the network. The introduction of the analog-to-digital converter 20 makes the signal processing process of the entire electronic device 100 more digital and automated, reducing the need for manual intervention, thereby improving the overall performance and stability of the system.

[0068] Continue to refer to Figure 6 In one embodiment, the electronic device 100 further includes a lens assembly 30, which is disposed on the light incident side of the liquid crystal light valve 11. The lens assembly 30 is used to adjust the intensity of the incident light signal and the size of the light spot. In this way, the lens assembly 30 can effectively adjust the intensity of the incident light signal. In different environments or usage scenarios, the demand for light signals may be different. Through the lens assembly 30, the user can easily adjust the strength of the light signal to meet specific usage requirements. In addition to adjusting the light intensity, the lens assembly 30 can also adjust the size of the light spot. By changing the size of the light spot, fine control of the shooting or projection picture can be achieved, thereby obtaining a more ideal visual effect. Since the lens assembly 30 has the ability to adjust the light intensity and the size of the light spot, this enables the electronic device 100 to better adapt to different environments and light signal conditions. By accurately adjusting the intensity and the size of the light spot of the light signal, the lens assembly 30 helps to improve the image quality.

[0069] Refer again Figure 6In one embodiment, the lens assembly 30 includes a lens 31, and the optical axis of the lens 31 is consistent with the photosensitive path of the spectral chip 10, so that the incident light signal can be focused on the spectral chip 10 to the greatest extent, reducing the scattering and waste of the light signal. This design optimizes the light path, so that more light signals can be effectively utilized, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light signal. The optical axis of the lens 31 is aligned with the photosensitive path of the spectral chip 10, which can ensure that the light signal is accurately focused on the chip, thereby reducing image blur and distortion. This alignment helps to capture clearer and more accurate images and improve imaging quality. When the optical axis of the lens 31 is consistent with the photosensitive path, the light path design becomes simpler and more efficient. This design reduces the number of refractions and reflections of the light signal during propagation, reduces the complexity of the light path design, helps to reduce light loss and improve system stability. The aligned optical axis of the lens 31 and the photosensitive path reduce the optical error in the system, thereby improving the reliability of the entire electronic device 100 and reducing the risk of performance degradation or failure due to optical path deviation. The consistent optical axis and light sensing path make the integration between the lens assembly 30 and the spectral chip 10 more compact and efficient. This optimization helps to reduce the volume of the electronic device 100 and improve the compactness and stability of the overall structure of the electronic device 100.

[0070] In one embodiment, the lens 31 includes an aspherical mirror, which effectively reduces the distortion of the edge of the image by optimizing the curved surface shape. Compared with a traditional spherical mirror, an aspherical mirror can provide a clearer field of view, especially at the edge of the image, making the visual experience more natural and realistic. The design of the aspherical mirror allows good imaging quality to be maintained even at a large off-axis angle. This provides users with a wider field of view, and is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require large-scale observation or shooting. The unique curved surface design of the aspherical mirror can focus the light signal onto a smaller spot and achieve higher focusing accuracy. The aspherical mirror can achieve the same function while adopting a thinner and lighter design, which can reduce the weight and volume of the electronic device 100 to a certain extent.

[0071] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 is a flow chart of a spectral imaging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application, the spectral imaging method is based on the electronic device 100 as described above, and the spectral imaging method includes the following steps:

[0072] Step S10 , applying different voltages to the liquid crystal light valve 11 in sequence.

[0073] In this step, voltages may be applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 multiple times, for example, a first voltage is applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 for the first time, a second voltage is applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 for the second time, and a third voltage is applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 for the third time. Specifically, the specific number of times of applying different voltages multiple times can be set as needed, and this application does not limit this.

[0074] It should be noted that by applying different voltages to the liquid crystal light valve 11, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted, thereby changing the transmittance of the liquid crystal light valve 11 to light signals of different wavelengths. In this way, the electronic device 100 can capture and analyze information of multiple spectral bands.

[0075] Step S20 , when the optical signal is emitted to the light incident side of the liquid crystal light valve 11 , a plurality of optical signals of different wavelength bands corresponding to different voltages are successively obtained from the light emitting side after being filtered out.

[0076] In this step, applying different voltages to the liquid crystal light valve 11 will cause the liquid crystal molecules to be arranged in different ways. Different voltages correspond to different arrangement states of liquid crystal molecules, which in turn affect the transmittance of light signals in specific bands. When the light signal is directed to the liquid crystal light valve 11, since the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by voltage, only light signals in specific bands can be transmitted. By adjusting the applied voltage continuously or in steps, light signals of different bands can be transmitted through the liquid crystal light valve 11 in turn. As the voltage changes, the light output side will successively obtain light signals of multiple different bands corresponding to different voltages. Some of these light signals have been filtered out by the liquid crystal light valve 11, and light signals of specific bands are retained.

[0077] Combined with the above steps, this step is specifically performed as follows: in step S10, after the first voltage is applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 for the first time, when the light signal is emitted to the light incident side of the liquid crystal light valve 11, the light signal of the first band corresponding to the first voltage after filtering is obtained from the light exit side. After the second voltage is applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 for the second time, when the light signal is emitted to the light incident side of the liquid crystal light valve 11, the light signal of the second band corresponding to the second voltage after filtering is obtained from the light exit side. After the third voltage is applied to the liquid crystal light valve 11 for the third time, when the light signal is emitted to the light incident side of the liquid crystal light valve 11, the light signal of the third band corresponding to the third voltage after filtering is obtained from the light exit side. This is performed multiple times in sequence to obtain light signals of multiple different bands.

[0078] Step S30 , a plurality of light signals of different wavelength bands emitted from the light-emitting side are successively acquired through the plurality of light-sensing units 121 , and the acquired light signals of corresponding wavelength bands are converted into electrical signals through the corresponding light-sensing units 121 .

[0079] In this step, each photosensitive unit 121 is sensitive to light signals of a specific wavelength band. When the light signals of a specific wavelength band are projected onto the photosensitive unit 121, the photosensitive unit 121 converts them into corresponding electrical signals. Since the liquid crystal light valve 11 can selectively transmit light signals of different wavelength bands by applying different voltages, multiple photosensitive units 121 can successively receive these filtered light signals of different wavelength bands. By continuously adjusting the voltage of the liquid crystal light valve 11, the electronic device 100 can continuously obtain light signals of multiple different wavelength bands. After each photosensitive unit 121 converts the received light signal into an electrical signal.

[0080] In combination with the above steps, this step is specifically manifested as follows: the multiple photosensitive units 121 include a first photosensitive unit 121, a second photosensitive unit 121, and a third photosensitive unit 121. The first photosensitive unit 121, the second photosensitive unit 121, and the third photosensitive unit 121 simultaneously obtain light signals of the first wavelength band and are suitable for converting the light signals of the first wavelength band into first electrical signals, the first photosensitive unit 121, the second photosensitive unit 121, and the third photosensitive unit 121 simultaneously obtain light signals of the second wavelength band and are suitable for converting the light signals of the second wavelength band into second electrical signals, and the first photosensitive unit 121, the second photosensitive unit 121, and the third photosensitive unit 121 simultaneously obtain light signals of the third wavelength band and are suitable for converting the light signals of the third wavelength band into third electrical signals.

[0081] It should be noted that the photosensitive unit 121 generally contains a photoelectric conversion device, such as a photodiode, which can convert the received light signal into an electrical signal. When a light signal of a specific wavelength is irradiated onto the photosensitive unit 121, the photodiode absorbs photons and generates a current, the magnitude of which is proportional to the intensity of the received light.

[0082] In the spectral imaging method of the utility model, by applying different voltages to the liquid crystal light valve 11, multiple light signals of different bands can be obtained successively. This means that the method can provide richer spectral information and help to understand the characteristics of the target object more comprehensively. Since the transmission band of the liquid crystal light valve 11 can be changed by adjusting the voltage, this method has high flexibility. Different bands can be selected for imaging as needed to meet the needs of different application scenarios. The acquired light signals of different bands are converted into electrical signals through multiple photosensitive units 121, achieving high efficiency of photoelectric conversion. This helps to quickly and accurately process and analyze spectral data. In the spectral imaging method of the utility model, no matter how many bands of light signals there are, only different voltages need to be applied successively to realize the photosensitivity and photoelectric conversion of light signals of multiple bands. By sharing the liquid crystal light valve 11 by multiple pixels, the number of liquid crystal light valves 11 is reduced, thereby saving space. Moreover, no matter how many bands the spectral chip 10 has, each pixel has only one photosensitive unit 121, and the number of pixels that can be accommodated in a unit physical size is improved, solving the contradiction that high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution cannot be achieved at the same time.

[0083] In one embodiment, the electronic device 100 further includes an analog-to-digital converter 20, which is disposed on the side of the photosensitive layer 12 away from the liquid crystal light valve 11, so that the transmission distance of the electrical signal from the photosensitive unit 121 to the analog-to-digital converter 20 can be shortened. This compact layout reduces the delay of signal transmission and improves the efficiency of signal conversion. The analog-to-digital converter 20 is placed close to the photosensitive layer 12, which can reduce electromagnetic interference or other noise interference that may be encountered in long-distance transmission, thereby ensuring that the converted digital signal is more accurate and reliable. By installing the analog-to-digital converter 20 near the photosensitive layer 12, the space inside the electronic device 100 can be effectively utilized to achieve a more compact design. This layout helps to reduce the overall size of the device, making it more portable and easy to use.

[0084] Step S30 includes the following steps: successively acquiring light signals of multiple different wavelengths emitted from the light-emitting side through multiple photosensitive units 121, and converting the acquired light signals of corresponding wavelengths into electrical signals through corresponding photosensitive units 121:

[0085] Step S40: performing analog-to-digital conversion on the multiple electrical signals respectively through the analog-to-digital converter 20 to obtain grayscale digital images corresponding to the multiple electrical signals.

[0086] It should be noted that the analog-to-digital converter 20 converts the analog electrical signal output by each photosensitive unit 121 into a corresponding digital signal, which is convenient for subsequent digital processing and analysis. Digital image data is easier to store, transmit and process, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of data processing. These digital signals represent the grayscale value of each pixel in the image, and the grayscale value reflects the brightness information of the pixel. By combining the grayscale value of each pixel, a complete grayscale digital image can be formed. Grayscale digital images are easy to store, transmit and process because they are composed of discrete digital values. Compared with analog signals, digital signals have stronger anti-interference ability and can maintain the integrity and stability of the signal.

[0087] In addition, the obtained grayscale digital image can be further processed, such as image enhancement, feature extraction, etc.

[0088] Combined with the above steps, this step is specifically manifested as: converting the first electrical signal into a first digital signal, converting the second electrical signal into a second digital signal, and converting the third electrical signal into a third digital signal through the analog-to-digital converter 20. Since the first digital signal, the second digital signal and the third digital signal are acquired successively, the corresponding pixel grayscales in the image are displayed successively. Since the voltage changes quickly, the time interval between the successive displays is not large, and a complete grayscale digital image can still be formed.

[0089] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, only changing the voltage three times is used as an example for explanation. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of times the voltage is changed can be set as needed, and this application does not limit this.

[0090] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for technicians in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A spectral chip, characterized in that: include: A liquid crystal light valve having a light incident side and a light emitting side; A photosensitive layer is arranged on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal light valve, the photosensitive layer comprises a plurality of photosensitive units arranged along the extension direction of the liquid crystal light valve, the plurality of photosensitive units correspond to the liquid crystal light valve, and each of the photosensitive units is used to correspond to one pixel; Wherein, when different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal light valve in sequence, different light signals filtered by the liquid crystal light valve are suitable to be successively acquired by the plurality of photosensitive units and converted into electrical signals by the corresponding photosensitive units.

2. The spectral chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a light homogenizing portion, which is arranged on the light incident side and covers the liquid crystal light valve.

3. The spectral chip according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light homogenizing part includes a light homogenizing plate, and the light homogenizing plate is attached to the liquid crystal light valve.

4. The spectral chip according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The liquid crystal light valve is provided in plurality, and the plurality of liquid crystal light valves are stacked in sequence along the thickness direction thereof; and / or, The liquid crystal light valve comprises a liquid crystal portion, a first grating portion and a second grating portion. The liquid crystal portion is suitable for being applied with a voltage. Along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal light valve, the first grating portion and the second grating portion are respectively located on two opposite sides of the liquid crystal portion and are both in contact with the side surfaces corresponding to the liquid crystal portion.

5. The spectral chip according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Among the plurality of photosensitive units, two adjacent photosensitive units are arranged at intervals; The spectral chip further includes a plurality of first light shielding portions, which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of photosensitive units, and the orthographic projection of each of the light shielding portions on the photosensitive layer is arranged around the corresponding photosensitive unit.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising the spectral chip as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an analog-to-digital converter, which is arranged on a side of the photosensitive layer away from the liquid crystal light valve and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the electrical signal to obtain a grayscale digital image.

8. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a lens assembly, which is arranged on the light incident side of the liquid crystal light valve and is used to adjust the intensity of the incident light signal and the size of the light spot.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lens assembly comprises a lens, and the optical axis of the lens is consistent with the light sensing path of the spectrum chip.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lens includes an aspherical mirror.

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