Combined type ultrasonic machining device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a combined type ultrasonic machining device, which relates to the technical field of ultrasonic machining and comprises an ultrasonic vibrator, a cutter and an impact head, the ultrasonic vibrator is used for generating ultrasonic vibration and transmitting the ultrasonic vibration to the cutting knife and the impact head after the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration is changed, the cutting knife is used for conducting ultrasonic cutting machining on a workpiece, and the impact head is used for conducting ultrasonic impact strengthening on the machined surface. According to the combined type ultrasonic machining device, impact strengthening of the machined surface of the workpiece is completed while the workpiece is cut and machined, the machining technology is optimized, the machining efficiency of the workpiece is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ultrasonic machining, in particular to a composite ultrasonic machining device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements for material performance in high-end equipment manufacturing fields such as aerospace, automotive electronics, and biomedicine are constantly increasing, which has led to the emergence of a large number of materials with excellent performance, such as high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys, and composite materials. Compared with traditional metals and alloys, the mechanical removal process of these materials is more complicated, difficult to process, inefficient, and costly, which greatly limits the application of materials in high-precision fields, and are therefore called difficult-to-process materials.

[0003] Many processing methods have been proposed at home and abroad for the mechanical removal of difficult-to-process materials. In addition to traditional processing methods, non-traditional processing methods such as laser-assisted processing, jet processing and electrochemical processing can improve the machinability of difficult-to-process materials to a certain extent. However, due to the limitations of the material properties and processing methods, it is difficult for non-traditional processing methods to balance the relationship between processing efficiency and precision. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting technology is relatively mature and has great application potential. The unique time-varying cutting characteristics of this technology have great advantages in the process of removing difficult-to-process materials, such as reducing cutting forces, reducing tool wear and improving processing quality.

[0004] Although ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting can solve the problem of poor machinability of difficult-to-cut materials to a certain extent, it still cannot meet the service conditions of materials in extreme environments. In general, surface strengthening technology can improve the surface stress and hardness of workpieces and increase the service life of workpieces. However, the current surface strengthening technology is mainly used as a post-processing process, and is limited by the workpiece structure and strengthening equipment, and the overall processing efficiency of the workpiece is low. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above defects existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a composite ultrasonic machining device, which can perform impact strengthening of the machined surface of the workpiece while cutting the workpiece, optimize the machining process, improve the machining efficiency of the workpiece, and reduce the production cost.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] A composite ultrasonic machining device comprises an ultrasonic vibrator and a cutting tool and an impact head arranged on the ultrasonic vibrator. The ultrasonic vibrator is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and transmit the ultrasonic vibration to the cutting tool and the impact head after changing the amplitude. The cutting tool is used to perform ultrasonic cutting on a workpiece, and the impact head is used to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the machined surface.

[0008] The ultrasonic vibrator includes a horn and a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator arranged at one end of the horn, and the cutting tool and the impact head are arranged on the other end of the horn and are located on opposite sides of the center plane of the horn.

[0009] Wherein, a positioning groove matched with the cutting blade is arranged at the end of the amplitude transformer, and the cutting blade is fixedly arranged in the positioning groove.

[0010] The cutting knife is a diamond-shaped knife with two knife tips, one of which is a spare knife tip, and a corner of the positioning groove corresponding to the spare knife tip is provided with an avoidance groove for avoiding the spare knife tip.

[0011] Wherein, a mounting hole is arranged at the end of the amplitude transformer, and the impact head is arranged in the mounting hole.

[0012] The impact head comprises a rod portion and a spherical head portion arranged on the rod portion, and the rod portion is slidably and adjustably arranged in the mounting hole.

[0013] The amplitude transformer is a stepped amplitude transformer with an arc transition, the cutting blade and the impact head are arranged at the end of the small diameter section of the amplitude transformer, and the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator is arranged at the end of the large diameter section of the amplitude transformer through a locking assembly.

[0014] Wherein, the locking assembly includes a gland and a bolt, and the bolt passes through the gland and the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator and is threadedly connected to the large diameter section.

[0015] The piezoelectric ceramic vibrator is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets and a plurality of conductive sheets.

[0016] Wherein, a connecting flange is fixedly arranged on the large diameter section.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] The composite ultrasonic machining device provided by the utility model comprises an ultrasonic vibrator and a cutting tool and an impact head arranged on the ultrasonic vibrator. When the cutting tool performs ultrasonic cutting machining on the workpiece under ultrasonic vibration, the impact head can simultaneously perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the machining surface of the workpiece under ultrasonic vibration. In a single machining cycle, both ultrasonic cutting machining of the workpiece and ultrasonic impact strengthening of the machining surface of the workpiece are realized, achieving a composite machining effect of material surface removal and machining surface strengthening. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the composite ultrasonic machining device of the utility model optimizes the machining process, improves the machining efficiency of the workpiece, and reduces the production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the composite ultrasonic machining device of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded diagram of

[0021] In the figure: 1. piezoelectric ceramic vibrator; 11. piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 12. conductive sheet; 2. amplitude transformer; 21. positioning groove; 22. avoidance groove; 23. mounting hole; 24. connecting flange; 25. countersunk screw hole; 3. cutting tool; 4. impact head; 5. gland; 6. bolt; 7. locking screw; 8. set screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a composite ultrasonic machining device, including an ultrasonic vibrator and a cutting tool 3 and an impact head 4 arranged on the ultrasonic vibrator. The ultrasonic vibrator is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and transmit the ultrasonic vibration to the cutting tool 3 and the impact head 4 after changing the amplitude. The cutting tool 3 is used to perform ultrasonic cutting processing on the workpiece, and the impact head 4 is used to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the machined surface.

[0024] In the composite ultrasonic machining device, while the cutting tool 3 performs ultrasonic cutting machining on the workpiece under ultrasonic vibration, the impact head 4 can simultaneously perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the machining surface of the workpiece, thereby realizing both the cutting machining of the workpiece and the impact strengthening of the machining surface of the workpiece in a single machining cycle, achieving a composite machining effect of material surface removal and machining surface strengthening, optimizing the machining process, improving the machining efficiency of the workpiece, and reducing the production cost.

[0025] The ultrasonic vibrator in this embodiment includes a horn 2 and a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 1 arranged at one end of the horn 2, and a cutting blade 3 and an impact head 4 are arranged on the other end of the horn 2 and are located on opposite sides of the center plane of the horn 2. During use, when an alternating voltage is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 1, an alternating strain is generated, thereby realizing the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy and generating ultrasonic vibration, which is amplified by the horn 2 and then transmitted to the cutting blade 3 and the impact head 4 fixed at the end of the horn 2, thereby realizing ultrasonic vibration of the cutting blade 3 and the impact head 4.

[0026] Since the stepped amplitude transformer has the advantages of easy processing and large amplitude ratio, the amplitude transformer 2 in this embodiment is preferably a stepped amplitude transformer with a circular arc transition. Specifically, the cutting blade 3 and the impact head 4 are arranged at the end of the small diameter section of the amplitude transformer 2, and the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 1 is arranged at the end of the large diameter section of the amplitude transformer 2 through a locking assembly.

[0027] In order to ensure the installation firmness and stability of the cutting blade 3 during processing, a positioning groove 21 adapted to the cutting blade 3 is provided at the end of the small diameter section of the amplitude transformer 2 in this embodiment, and the cutting blade 3 is fixed in the positioning groove 21 by a locking screw 7.

[0028] Since the diamond-shaped knife is one of the most commonly used blades for CNC lathes and has two interchangeable knife tips, the cutting knife 3 in this embodiment is preferably a diamond-shaped knife with two knife tips, one of which is a spare knife tip, and an avoidance groove 22 is provided at the corner corresponding to the positioning groove 21 and the spare knife tip, and the avoidance groove 22 is used to avoid the spare knife tip to prevent the spare knife tip from wear.

[0029] In order to ensure the installation firmness and stability of the impact head 4 during the processing, in this embodiment, a mounting hole 23 is provided at the end of the small diameter section of the amplitude transformer 2 , and the impact head 4 is disposed in the mounting hole 23 .

[0030] Specifically, the impact head 4 includes a rod and a spherical head disposed on the rod, and the rod is slidably and adjustably disposed in the mounting hole 23 through a set screw 8. Such a configuration facilitates the axial position adjustment of the impact head 4 to meet the use requirements of different workpieces.

[0031] In this embodiment, the tip of the cutting tool 3 and the vertex of the spherical head of the impact head 4 are at the same vertical distance from the axis of the amplitude transformer 2. With this arrangement, the end surface processing of small workpieces can be directly reversed to achieve impact strengthening of the processed surface.

[0032] The locking assembly in this embodiment includes a gland 5 and a bolt 6. The bolt 6 passes through the gland 5 and the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 1 in sequence and is threadedly connected to the large diameter section of the amplitude transformer 2 to fasten the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 1 between the amplitude transformer 2 and the gland 5.

[0033] The piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 1 in this embodiment is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets 11 and a plurality of conductive sheets 12 .

[0034] Preferably, there are four piezoelectric ceramic sheets 11 and five conductive sheets 12, and the model of the piezoelectric ceramic sheets 11 is PZT-8, d33 vibration mode. The piezoelectric stack composed of the piezoelectric ceramic sheets 11 mechanically connected in series through the conductive sheets 12 can provide the longitudinal vibration displacement of the end of the amplitude transformer 2, the resonant frequency is 35kHz, and the output amplitude is 10 to 15μm. Of course, the number of piezoelectric ceramic sheets 11 and conductive sheets 12 can be set according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0035] In order to facilitate connection with the machine tool, a connecting flange 24 is fixedly provided on the large diameter section of the horn 2 in this embodiment. Of course, a stepped horn with a flange can also be selected, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0036] In the present embodiment, six countersunk screw holes 25 are arranged on the connecting flange 24 . In practical applications, the number of the countersunk screw holes 25 is not limited and can be arranged according to actual needs.

[0037] When in use, the cutting tool 3 performs ultrasonic cutting processing on the workpiece under ultrasonic vibration, and at the same time, the impact head 4 performs ultrasonic impact strengthening on the machined surface of the workpiece under ultrasonic vibration. In a single processing cycle, both ultrasonic cutting processing of the workpiece and ultrasonic impact strengthening of the machined surface of the workpiece are realized, achieving a composite processing effect of material surface removal and machined surface strengthening.

[0038] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the composite ultrasonic machining device of the utility model, and there are more embodiments that are not described in detail here. In summary, the composite ultrasonic machining device of the utility model optimizes the machining process, improves the machining efficiency of the workpiece, reduces the production cost, and has good economic efficiency.

[0039] The present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes. Various changes made by ordinary technicians in this field based on the above-mentioned concepts without creative labor are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A composite ultrasonic machining device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ultrasonic vibrator, a cutting tool and an impact head arranged on the ultrasonic vibrator, wherein the ultrasonic vibrator is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and transmit the ultrasonic vibration to the cutting tool and the impact head after changing the amplitude, the cutting tool is used to perform ultrasonic cutting processing on the workpiece, and the impact head is used to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the processed surface.

2. The composite ultrasonic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic vibrator comprises a horn and a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator arranged at one end of the horn, and the cutting blade and the impact head are arranged on the other end of the horn and are located on opposite sides of the central plane of the horn.

3. The composite ultrasonic machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the amplitude transformer is provided with a positioning groove matched with the cutting blade, and the cutting blade is fixedly arranged in the positioning groove.

4. The composite ultrasonic machining device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutting knife is a diamond-shaped knife with two knife tips, one of which is a spare knife tip, and a corner of the positioning groove corresponding to the spare knife tip is provided with an avoidance groove for avoiding the spare knife tip.

5. The composite ultrasonic machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the horn is provided with a mounting hole, and the impact head is arranged in the mounting hole.

6. The composite ultrasonic machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The impact head comprises a rod portion and a spherical head portion arranged on the rod portion, and the rod portion is slidably and adjustably arranged in the mounting hole.

7. The composite ultrasonic machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amplitude transformer is a stepped amplitude transformer with an arc transition, the cutting blade and the impact head are arranged at the end of the small diameter section of the amplitude transformer, and the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator is arranged at the end of the large diameter section of the amplitude transformer through a locking assembly.

8. The composite ultrasonic machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises a gland and a bolt, and the bolt passes through the gland and the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator and is threadedly connected to the large-diameter section.

9. The combined ultrasonic machining device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The piezoelectric ceramic vibrator is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets and a plurality of conductive sheets.

10. The combined ultrasonic machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting flange is fixedly arranged on the large diameter section.

Images