A five-axis precision CNC machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a five-axis precision CNC machine tool, comprising: a processing device and a turntable device, wherein the processing device comprises: a first frame, an X-direction drive assembly, a second frame, a Y-direction drive assembly, a third frame, a Z-direction drive assembly, and a spindle assembly, wherein the first frame is provided with an X-direction drive assembly connected to the second frame, the second frame is provided with a Y-direction drive assembly connected to the third frame, and the third frame is provided with a Z-direction drive assembly connected to the spindle assembly; the turntable device comprises: a first swing assembly, a second swing assembly, and a rotary assembly, wherein the first swing assembly has a first output end driven by a first torque motor, the second swing assembly is provided with a second output end, the rotary assembly is connected to the first output end and the second output end, and the rotary assembly has a third output end driven by a second torque motor. The worktable is driven to rotate by a dual torque motor, and the workpiece can be processed quickly by utilizing the characteristics of the torque motor having fast response and small torque fluctuation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a five-axis precision CNC machine tool. Background Art

[0002] New energy vehicles are currently developing rapidly in the domestic market, and the suppliers of their supporting parts have also significantly increased their demand for CNC machine tools for processing new energy vehicle parts. The frame of new energy vehicles is a special-shaped part, and it is usually necessary to process the same side or different sides of the frame at different angles. In response to this demand, existing machine tools use a five-axis rotary table structure to achieve processing operations on different sides of the workpiece.

[0003] The Chinese Patent Database has disclosed a patent entitled "A direct-drive motor five-axis turntable and direct-drive motor", application number: 202410534418.4, application date: 2024.04.30. This direct-drive motor five-axis turntable and direct-drive motor include an assembly chassis, two stable mounts with self-assembly holes are symmetrically mounted on the upper surface of the assembly chassis, and a detachable five-axis turntable component is mounted inside and on the opposite side of the two stable mounts; the five-axis turntable component is used to control the rotation and tilt of the workpiece; the present invention uses a protective component to set up, first the oil delivery head will intermittently transmit lubricating oil along with the rotation of the turbine, and this oil delivery method can realize automatic oiling of the turbine and worm.

[0004] The above-mentioned direct-drive motor five-axis turntable adopts a worm gear for transmission. Its known disadvantages are low transmission efficiency, high heat generation, and easy wear of the tooth surface. It is not suitable for occasions requiring high-speed processing, and the addition of a worm gear transmission mechanism will lead to an increase in the size of the five-axis turntable. Utility Model Content

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a five-axis precision CNC machine tool, completely adopts torque motors for transmission and power provision, eliminates the worm gear transmission structure, and thus solves the problems that may exist in a five-axis turntable using a worm gear structure.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a five-axis precision CNC machine tool, comprising:

[0007] A base having a chip discharge opening in the middle;

[0008] A processing device, mounted on the base, comprises:

[0009] A first frame, located at one side of the chip discharge port;

[0010] An X-direction driving assembly, one of which is mounted at each of the upper and lower ends of the first frame;

[0011] A second frame is slidably disposed on the first frame and connected to the X-axis driving assembly;

[0012] A Y-axis driving assembly, mounted on the second frame;

[0013] A third frame is slidably disposed on the second frame and connected to the Y-axis driving assembly;

[0014] A Z-direction driving assembly, mounted on the third frame;

[0015] A spindle assembly, slidably connected to the third frame and connected to the Z-direction drive assembly;

[0016] A turntable device, mounted on the base, comprises:

[0017] A base, located at the other side of the chip discharge port;

[0018] A first swing assembly, mounted on the base, the first swing assembly having a first output end driven by a first torque motor;

[0019] a second swing assembly, spaced apart from the first swing assembly, wherein the second swing assembly is provided with a second output end corresponding to the first output end;

[0020] a rotary assembly connected to the first output end and the second output end, the rotary assembly having a third output end driven by a second torque motor;

[0021] A workbench is installed at the third output end.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the above embodiment are: by driving the upper and lower ends of the first frame through the dual X-axis drive components, the movement speed of the second frame can be greatly improved, and the worktable is driven to rotate in space by the dual torque motors. Except for the workpiece installed on the bottom surface of the worktable, all can be processed by the processing device. By utilizing the characteristics of the torque motor such as large torque, strong overload capacity, fast response, good characteristic linearity, and small torque fluctuation, the workpiece can be processed at a higher speed, avoiding the problems caused by the use of worm gear transmission.

[0023] Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application may also be improved as follows:

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application: the processing device further comprises: a balancing component installed on the second frame, the balancing component having a suspension end connected to the third frame, and the balancing component is used to provide a pulling force to the third frame. The beneficial effect of this step: by providing a pulling force to the third frame by the balancing component, the movement speed of the spindle assembly in the Y direction is increased, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the processing device.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present application: the spindle assembly adopts an electric spindle. Beneficial effects of this step: the electric spindle has high speed, high precision, and low noise, and can improve the processing efficiency of the workpiece.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present application: the second swing assembly includes a first brake mechanism, the first brake mechanism has a first clamping end, and the first clamping end is used to brake the second output end. The beneficial effect of this step: the position of the rotary assembly is controlled by the first brake mechanism.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present application: the rotary assembly includes a second brake mechanism, the second brake mechanism has a second clamping end, and the second clamping end is used to brake the third output end. The beneficial effect of this step: the position of the workbench is controlled by the second brake mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific implementation or the prior art description. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a five-axis precision CNC machine tool;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a five-axis precision CNC machine tool;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary device;

[0032] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary device;

[0033] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the rotary assembly.

[0034] Among them, 1 is a base, 101 is a chip discharge port, 102 is a liquid collecting tank, and 103 is a liquid discharge port;

[0035] 2 first frame, 3 X-axis drive assembly, 4 second frame, 5 Y-axis drive assembly, 6 third frame, 7 Z-axis drive assembly, 8 spindle assembly, 9 base, 10 workbench, 11 first torque motor, 12 second torque motor, 13 hydraulic cylinder, 14 movable pulley, 15 first fixed pulley, 16 second fixed pulley, 17 swing spacer, 18 first connecting shaft, 19 first turntable bearing, 20 first swing seat, 21 first circular grating scale, 22 second connecting shaft, 23 first bearing, 24 rotary spacer, 25 second turntable bearing, 26 turntable connecting plate, 27 intermediate shaft, 28 turntable encoder seat, 29 end cover, 30 second circular grating scale, 31 first push rod, 32 first elastic member, 33 first brake pad, 34 first locking plate, 35 second push rod, 36 second elastic member, 37 second brake pad, 38 second locking plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms in this application should be understood in a broad sense, such as connection can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integration, direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of different terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances, and the scope of the specific meaning should be limited to realizing the functions of this application.

[0037] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a five-axis precision CNC machine tool comprises: a base 1, a processing device, and a turntable device. The base 1 has a chip removal opening 101 in the middle, and the processing device is installed on the base 1. The processing device comprises: a first frame 2, an X-axis drive assembly 3, a second frame 4, a Y-axis drive assembly 5, a third frame 6, a Z-axis drive assembly 7, and a spindle assembly 8. The first frame 2 is located on one side of the chip removal opening 101, and an X-axis drive assembly 3 is installed at the upper and lower ends of the first frame 2, respectively. The second frame 4 is slidably arranged on the first frame 2 and connected to the X-axis drive assembly 3, the Y-axis drive assembly 5 is installed on the second frame 4, the third frame 6 is slidably arranged on the second frame 4 and connected to the Y-axis drive assembly 5, and the Z-axis drive assembly 7 is installed on The third frame 6, the spindle assembly 8 is slidably connected to the third frame 6 and connected to the Z-axis drive assembly 7; the turntable device is installed on the base 1, and the turntable device includes: a base 9, a first swinging assembly, a second swinging assembly, a rotating assembly, and a workbench 10. The base 9 is located on the other side of the chip removal port 101, the first swinging assembly is installed on the base 9, the first swinging assembly has a first output end driven by a first torque motor 11, the second swinging assembly is spaced apart from the first swinging assembly, the second swinging assembly is provided with a second output end corresponding to the first output end, the rotating assembly is connected to the first output end and the second output end, the rotating assembly has a third output end driven by a second torque motor 12, and the workbench 10 is installed on the third output end.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the X direction is a direction parallel to the length of the first frame 2 , the Y direction is a vertical direction, and the Z direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane where the X direction and the Y direction are located.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the sliding connection relationship between the second frame 4, the third frame 6 and the spindle assembly 8 is realized by a slider guide rail structure. The first frame 2 is provided with guide rails on both sides along the X direction, the second frame 4 is provided with guide rails on both sides along the Y direction, and the third frame 6 is provided with guide rails on both sides along the Z direction. The second frame 4, the third frame 6 and the spindle assembly 8 are slidably arranged on the corresponding guide rails by sliders installed on themselves.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the X-axis drive assembly 3, the Y-axis drive assembly 5, and the Z-axis drive assembly 7 all use a motor in conjunction with a lead screw nut to form a drive mechanism; the motor and the lead screw in the X-axis drive assembly 3 are installed on the first frame 2, the motor is connected to the lead screw, and the nut is installed on the second frame 4 and connected to the lead screw to form a transmission matching structure; the motor and the lead screw in the Y-axis drive assembly 5 are installed on the second frame 4, the motor is connected to the lead screw, and the nut is installed on the third frame 6 and connected to the lead screw to form a transmission matching structure; the motor and the lead screw in the Z-axis drive assembly 7 are installed on the third frame 6, the motor is connected to the lead screw, and the nut is installed on the spindle assembly 8 and connected to the lead screw to form a transmission matching structure.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the spindle assembly 8 adopts an electric spindle, and tools such as milling cutters, boring cutters or drill bits are installed on the electric spindle. The electric spindle has high speed, high precision and low noise, and can improve the processing efficiency of the workpiece.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the chip discharge port 101 is a square tapered through groove which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The chip discharge port 101 is connected to the chip discharge channel inside the base 1. A collecting piece is arranged in the chip discharge channel. The collecting piece can be a collecting basket. The processing waste chips are collected by the collecting basket. The bottom of the discharge channel is a collecting tank 102. The rear end of the collecting tank 102 is provided with a discharge port 103. The discharge port 103 is connected to a pipeline, and the pipeline is used to discharge the coolant collected in the collecting tank 102.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the balancing assembly is installed on the second frame 4, and the balancing assembly has a suspension end connected to the third frame 6. The balancing assembly is used to provide tension to the third frame 6. By providing tension to the third frame 6 by the balancing assembly, the movement speed of the spindle assembly 8 in the Y direction is increased, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the processing device.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the balancing assembly includes: a hydraulic cylinder 13, a movable pulley 14, a first fixed pulley 15, a second fixed pulley 16, and a chain. A support is connected to the top of the second frame 4, the first movable pulley 14 and the second movable pulley 14 are rotatably connected to the support, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is installed at the lower end of the second frame 4, the upper end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected to the movable pulley 14, one end of the chain is connected to the support, the chain passes through the bottom of the movable pulley 14, the top of the first fixed pulley 15, and the top of the second fixed pulley 16 in sequence, and then is connected to the third frame 6, and the tension is provided by the hydraulic cylinder 13 to balance the gravity of the third frame 6 and the spindle assembly 8, so as to increase the Y-direction movement rate.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 As shown, the first swing assembly also includes: a swing spacer 17, a first connecting shaft 18, a first turntable bearing 19, a first swing seat 20, and a first circular grating scale 21. The swing spacer 17 is installed on the base 9, and the first torque motor 11 is installed in the swing spacer 17. The rotor of the first torque motor 11 is connected to the first connecting shaft 18, and the first connecting shaft 18 is rotatably connected to the swing spacer 17 through the first turntable bearing 19. The first circular grating scale 21 is installed at one end of the first connecting shaft 18, and the other end is connected to the first swing seat 20. The first swing seat 20 is the first output end.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 As shown, the second swing assembly also includes: a second connecting shaft 22, a first bearing 23, and a second swing seat. The second connecting shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the base 9 through the first bearing 23. The bearing adopts a double-row cylindrical roller bearing. The second swing seat is installed on the second connecting shaft 22, and the second swing seat is the second output end.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 As shown, the rotary assembly includes: a rotary spacer sleeve 24, a second turntable bearing 25, a turntable connecting disk 26, an intermediate shaft 27, a turntable encoder seat 28, an end cover 29, and a second circular grating scale 30. The rotary spacer sleeve 24 is respectively connected to the first swing seat 20 and the second swing seat, the end cover 29 is connected to the other side of the rotary spacer sleeve 24 relative to the workbench 10, the second torque motor 12 is installed in the space formed by the rotary spacer sleeve 24 and the end cover 29, the rotor of the second torque motor 12 is connected to the turntable connecting disk 26, and the connecting disk is rotatably connected to the rotary spacer sleeve 24 through the second turntable bearing 25, the turntable encoder seat 28 is arranged on the inner side of the rotor of the second torque motor 12 and is connected to the end cover 29, the workbench 10 is installed on the turntable connecting disk 26, the intermediate shaft 27 is installed on the back of the workbench 10 and is installed with the second circular grating scale 30, and the intermediate shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the turntable encoder seat 28 through the second bearing.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 As shown, the second swing assembly includes a first brake mechanism, the first brake mechanism has a first clamping end, the first clamping end is used to brake the second output end, and the position of the rotary assembly is controlled by the first brake mechanism.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 As shown, the first brake mechanism includes: a first push rod 31, a first elastic member 32, a first brake pad 33, and a first locking plate 34. The base 9 is connected to a cover body, and the cover body is provided with a plurality of first chambers on the same circumference along the rotation axis of the second connecting shaft 22. The first push rod 31 is slidably arranged in the first chamber, and the first push rod 31 divides the first chamber into a first chamber A and a first chamber B. The first chamber A is connected to the hydraulic system through a pipeline, and oil is supplied to the first chamber A through the hydraulic system to control the position of the first push rod 31. The first chamber B is provided with a first push rod 31. An elastic member 32, the first elastic member 32 adopts a plurality of stacked disc springs mounted on the outside of the first push rod 31, the first brake pad 33 is an annular structure and is connected to the end of the second connecting shaft 22, the first locking plate 34 is opposite to the first brake pad 33 and is installed with the base 9, the first cavity A enters oil, drives the first push rod 31 to push the first brake pad 33 to press the first locking plate 34, so that the second connecting shaft 22 stops rotating, and when the hydraulic oil in the first cavity A is discharged, the first elastic member 32 pushes the first push rod 31 to retract, thereby releasing the locking state of the second connecting shaft 22.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 As shown, the rotary assembly includes a second brake mechanism, which has a second clamping end. The second clamping end is used to brake the third output end, and the position of the workbench 10 is controlled by the second brake mechanism.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4As shown, the second brake mechanism includes: a second push rod 35, a second elastic member 36, a second brake pad 37, and a second locking disk 38. The turntable encoder seat 28 is provided with a plurality of second chambers on the same circumference along the rotation axis of the intermediate shaft 27. The second push rod 35 is slidably arranged in the second chamber. The second push rod 35 divides the second chamber into a second chamber A and a second chamber B. The second chamber A is connected to the hydraulic system through a pipeline. The hydraulic system supplies oil to the second chamber A to control the position of the second push rod 35. The second chamber B is provided with a second push rod 35. The elastic member 36, the second elastic member 36 adopts a plurality of stacked disc springs mounted on the outside of the second push rod 35, the second brake pad 37 is an annular structure and is connected to the turntable connecting plate 26, the second locking plate 38 is opposite to the second brake pad 37 and is installed on the intermediate shaft 27, the second cavity A enters oil, drives the second push rod 35 to push the second brake pad 37 to press the second locking plate 38, so that the intermediate shaft 27 stops rotating, and when the hydraulic oil in the second cavity A is discharged, the second elastic member 36 pushes the second push rod 35 to retract, thereby releasing the locking state of the intermediate shaft 27.

[0052] During operation, the five-axis precision CNC machine tool installs the workpiece on the workbench 10, controls the orientation of the workpiece processing surface by the turntable device, and processes the workpiece by the processing device. The five-axis precision CNC machine tool has the following advantages: the double X-axis drive assembly drives the upper and lower ends of the first frame 2, which can greatly improve the movement speed of the second frame 4; the balance assembly can increase the movement rate of the electric spindle in the Y direction; the processing rate can be increased by the electric spindle; the workbench 10 is driven to rotate in space by the double torque motors, and all workpieces except the workpiece installed on the bottom surface of the workbench 10 can be processed by the processing device; the torque motor has the characteristics of large torque, strong overload capacity, fast response, good characteristic linearity, and small torque fluctuation, so that the workpiece can be processed quickly, avoiding the problems caused by the use of worm gear transmission.

[0053] The above are only embodiments of the utility model. The common sense such as the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field are aware of all the common technical knowledge in the technical field to which the utility model belongs before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement the scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for the ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for the technicians in this field, without departing from the structure of the utility model, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the utility model and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A five-axis precision CNC machine tool, characterized in that: include: A base having a chip discharge opening in the middle; A processing device, mounted on the base, comprises: A first frame, located at one side of the chip discharge port; An X-direction driving assembly, one of which is mounted at each of the upper and lower ends of the first frame; A second frame is slidably disposed on the first frame and connected to the X-axis driving assembly; A Y-axis driving assembly, mounted on the second frame; A third frame is slidably disposed on the second frame and connected to the Y-axis driving assembly; A Z-direction driving assembly, mounted on the third frame; A spindle assembly is slidably connected to the third frame and connected to the Z-axis drive assembly; a turntable device is installed on the base, including: A base, located at the other side of the chip discharge port; A first swing assembly, mounted on the base, the first swing assembly having a first output end driven by a first torque motor; a second swing assembly, spaced apart from the first swing assembly, wherein the second swing assembly is provided with a second output end corresponding to the first output end; a rotary assembly connected to the first output end and the second output end, the rotary assembly having a third output end driven by a second torque motor; A workbench is installed at the third output end.

2. The five-axis precision CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device also includes: A balancing component is installed on the second frame, the balancing component has a suspension end connected to the third frame, and the balancing component is used to provide a pulling force to the third frame.

3. The five-axis precision CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle assembly adopts an electric spindle.

4. The five-axis precision CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second swing assembly includes a first brake mechanism, the first brake mechanism has a first clamping end, and the first clamping end is used to brake the second output end.

5. The five-axis precision CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary assembly includes a second brake mechanism having a second clamping end, and the second clamping end is used to brake the third output end.

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