Sealing device for testing loose circle of surrounding rock by acoustic wave method
By designing a sealing device for acoustic wave method testing, the problems of coupled water outflow and large test errors in acoustic wave method testing are solved, and continuous testing and high accuracy are achieved, and the operation is simple to adapt to multiple apertures.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421615916.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-10
AI Technical Summary
When the existing acoustic wave method tests the loose circle of surrounding rock, it is difficult to effectively prevent the outflow of coupled water, resulting in large test errors and inability to achieve continuous testing, which makes the operation complex.
A sealing device including hollow tube assembly, water blocking element and diameter adjustment element is designed. The transducer is driven into the back hole through the limiting step. The water blocking element and diameter adjustment element are used in conjunction to achieve sealing of different apertures, and continuous testing is achieved through the water injection port and cable hole.
It effectively improves the water blocking effect, reduces the outflow of water injection, improves the accuracy of sonic method testing, realizes continuous testing, is simple to operate, and is suitable for multiple pore sizes.
Smart Images
Figure CN222731535U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of surrounding rock loosening circle testing, in particular to a sealing device used for testing the surrounding rock loosening circle by an acoustic wave method. Background Art
[0002] The excavation of the tunnel changes the initial stress state of the original rock, causing the redistribution of rock stress, leading to the concentration of rock stress and the weakening of rock strength, and finally leading to the deformation and even fracture of the rock mass. The loose zone has become the key to the evaluation of cavern excavation and the overall stability of the cavern. Therefore, timely and accurate determination of the thickness of the loose zone plays a very important role in support design and optimization.
[0003] At present, the common technologies for measuring the loosening zone include the acoustic wave method, geological radar method, borehole mirror method and multi-point displacement meter method, among which the acoustic wave method is widely used in the field. The acoustic wave method is a light, flexible and efficient detection method. According to the law of wave velocity change, the range of the loosening zone of the surrounding rock can be determined. Since the acoustic wave method usually uses water as a coupling agent, it has high requirements for water, especially in the acoustic wave test of the upward hole, it is often not possible to prevent the outflow of coupled water, which makes the test error of the acoustic wave method in the upward hole large. At present, the most commonly used water blocking methods are to glue a rubber airbag on the transducer and place a water blocking block at the hole mouth, but it is difficult to judge the fullness of the coupled water in the measuring hole. In addition, the actual water blocking effect of gluing the rubber airbag on the transducer is not ideal. Its operation is complicated and requires repeated inflation, water injection and deflation. The test depth needs to be re-judged each time, so continuous testing cannot be achieved. The water blocking block placed at the hole mouth is to pass the transducer cable through the cable mouth or the hollow steel pipe. Some transducer cables are nearly 100 meters long, which leads to a problem of long preparation time before testing. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a sealing device for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, have good water blocking effect, can realize continuous acoustic wave testing, adapt to various apertures, and be simple to operate.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following solutions:
[0006] The utility model provides a sealing device for testing the loosening circle of surrounding rock by using an acoustic wave method, comprising a hollow tube assembly, a water blocking element and a diameter adjusting element, wherein the water blocking element and the diameter adjusting element can be detachably installed on the outer periphery of the hollow tube assembly, the diameter adjusting element is located at one side of the water blocking element, and the outer diameter of the diameter adjusting element can be adjusted, the water blocking element and the diameter adjusting element can cooperate to seal the openings of upward holes with different apertures, a limiting step is provided on the outer periphery of the hollow tube assembly, the limiting step is used to contact one end of a transducer, the hollow tube assembly can drive the transducer into the upward hole through the limiting step, and the water blocking element is provided with a water injection port for injecting water into the upward hole, and a cable hole for passing the cable of the transducer.
[0007] Preferably, the hollow tube assembly includes a small hollow steel tube and a large hollow steel tube, the outer diameter of the large hollow steel tube is larger than the outer diameter of the small hollow steel tube, the first end of the large hollow steel tube is threadedly connected to the first end of the small hollow steel tube, the second end of the small hollow steel tube is used to extend into the upward hole, and the first end of the large hollow steel tube forms the limiting step at a position corresponding to the outer periphery of the first end of the small hollow steel tube.
[0008] Preferably, there are multiple large hollow steel pipes, and the multiple large hollow steel pipes are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the small hollow steel pipe, and adjacent large hollow steel pipes are connected by threads.
[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of each of the large hollow steel pipes is provided with scale lines.
[0010] Preferably, a steel pipe hole is opened in the middle of the water blocking element, and the water blocking element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the large hollow steel pipe through the steel pipe hole, the diameter adjusting element is located on the outer periphery of the large hollow steel pipe and on the side of the water blocking element close to the small hollow steel pipe, and the outer diameter of the water blocking element is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the diameter adjusting element.
[0011] Preferably, the water blocking element is a water blocking plate, the water blocking plate is provided with the water injection port, the first end of the water injection port extends from the water blocking plate in a direction away from the diameter adjusting element, and the first end of the water injection port is used to connect to an external water pipe, and the second end of the water injection port can be connected to the interior of the upward hole; the cable hole is also provided on the water blocking plate.
[0012] Preferably, the water blocking piece is formed by plugging two semi-ring parts, and a semicircular hole is opened at one end of the two semi-ring parts. When the two semi-ring parts are plugged in, the two semi-ring parts can surround the outer periphery of the large hollow steel pipe, and the two semi-circular holes form the cable hole. One of the semi-ring parts is provided with the water injection port, and a water blocking cap is connected to the water blocking piece by an iron chain. The water blocking cap can be threadedly connected to the water injection port and seal the water injection port.
[0013] Preferably, the diameter adjustment element includes a plurality of diameter adjustment plates with different outer diameters, and each of the diameter adjustment plates is formed by splicing two semi-ring adjustment plates. By installing the diameter adjustment plates with different outer diameters on the outer periphery of one end of the water blocking element, the orifices of upward holes with different apertures can be blocked. The diameter adjustment plate is connected to the water blocking element by screws.
[0014] Preferably, the outer diameter of the water blocking element is 44 mm, and the outer diameter sizes of the diameter adjusting plate are divided into 46 mm, 48 mm and 50 mm. By not installing the diameter adjusting plate on the outer periphery of one end of the water blocking element, or installing at least one diameter adjusting plate with a different outer diameter, the orifice of the upward hole with different apertures can be blocked. When multiple diameter adjusting plates are installed on the outer periphery of one end of the water blocking element, the diameter of the diameter adjusting plate gradually increases from the outside of the upward hole to the inside of the hole.
[0015] Preferably, the inner wall of the steel pipe hole on the water blocking element for the large hollow steel pipe to pass through, and the inner wall of the cable hole on the water blocking element for the cable of the transducer to pass through are both bonded with rubber pads by glue.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following technical effects:
[0017] 1. The utility model provides a sealing device for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method, which can achieve a good water blocking effect, improve the outflow of injected water, and improve the accuracy of the acoustic wave method in the upward hole test.
[0018] 2. The utility model provides a sealing device for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method. During the test, only water needs to be injected once to ensure that the transducer moves at different depths of the borehole to realize continuous acoustic wave testing, and the operation is simple.
[0019] 3. The utility model provides a sealing device for ultrasonic testing of surrounding rock loosening zones. By superimposing diameter adjustment plates of different diameters, ultrasonic testing can be performed under a variety of apertures, which can avoid the problem of the pre-designed aperture being different from the on-site construction aperture to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sealing device used for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method in the utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water blocking element and the diameter adjusting element in the utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Bottom view of
[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water blocking piece in the utility model;
[0025] In the figure: 1-water blocking plate, 2-diameter adjusting plate, 3-rubber pad, 4-hollow pipe assembly, 5-steel pipe hole, 6-cable hole, 7-water injection hole, 8-water blocking cap, 9-iron chain, 10-screw, 41-large hollow steel pipe, 42-small hollow steel pipe, 43-scale line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0027] The utility model aims to provide a sealing device for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, have good water blocking effect, can realize continuous acoustic wave testing, adapt to various apertures, and be easy to operate.
[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the present embodiment provides a sealing device for testing the loosening circle of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method, comprising a hollow tube assembly 4, a water blocking element and a diameter adjusting element. Both the water blocking element and the diameter adjusting element can be detachably installed on the outer periphery of the hollow tube assembly 4. The diameter adjusting element is located on one side of the water blocking element, and the outer diameter of the diameter adjusting element can be adjusted. Then, by adjusting the outer diameter of the diameter adjusting element, it is possible to perform acoustic wave testing under a variety of apertures, which can avoid the problem of the pre-designed aperture being different from the on-site construction aperture to a certain extent. The water blocking element and the diameter adjusting element can cooperate to block the apertures of upward holes of different apertures. A limiting step is provided on the outer periphery of the hollow tube assembly 4, and the limiting step is used to contact one end of the transducer. The hollow tube assembly 4 can drive the transducer into the upward hole through the limiting step. A water injection port for injecting water into the upward hole and a cable hole 6 for the cable of the transducer to pass through are provided on the water blocking element, so as to connect the transducer with the outside world through the cable.
[0030] Specifically, the hollow tube assembly 4 includes a small hollow steel tube 42 and a large hollow steel tube 41, the outer diameter of the large hollow steel tube 41 is larger than the outer diameter of the small hollow steel tube 42, the first end of the large hollow steel tube 41 is connected to the first end of the small hollow steel tube 42 by threads, the second end of the small hollow steel tube 42 is used to extend into the upward hole, and the first end of the large hollow steel tube 41 forms a limiting step at a position corresponding to the outer periphery of the first end of the small hollow steel tube 42, and the area of the limiting step needs to ensure that it can support the transducer and push the transducer into the upward hole. As a preferred mode, the first end of the small hollow steel tube 42 is arranged near the edge of the first end of the large hollow steel tube 41, and the length of the small hollow steel tube 42 is slightly shorter than the length of the transducer, so as to ensure that the transducer is sent into the upward hole, and at the same time, it is also ensured that when water is injected, water can flow into the interior of the small hollow steel tube 42 through the first end of the small hollow steel tube 42 without being filled up.
[0031] There are multiple large hollow steel pipes 41, and the multiple large hollow steel pipes 41 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the small hollow steel pipe 42. Adjacent large hollow steel pipes 41 are connected by threads, and the connection between adjacent large hollow steel pipes 41 is smooth and has no protrusions to prevent the large hollow steel pipes 41 from being affected by the twitching.
[0032] The outer wall of each large hollow steel pipe 41 is marked with graduations 43 at intervals of 5 cm, so as to facilitate accurate movement of the large hollow steel pipe 41 to continuously perform acoustic wave tests on surrounding rocks at different depths.
[0033] A steel pipe hole 5 is opened in the middle of the water blocking element, and the water blocking element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the large hollow steel pipe 41 through the steel pipe hole 5. The diameter adjusting element is located on the outer periphery of the large hollow steel pipe 41 and on the side of the water blocking element close to the small hollow steel pipe 42. The outer diameter of the water blocking element is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the diameter adjusting element, so as to realize the sealing of upward holes with different apertures.
[0034] The water blocking element is a water blocking plate 1, which is provided with a water injection port. The first end of the water injection port extends from the water blocking plate 1 in a direction away from the diameter adjusting element, and the first end of the water injection port is used to connect to an external water pipe and is tightly wrapped by the water pipe, and the second end of the water injection port can be connected to the interior of the upward hole; the water blocking plate 1 is also provided with a cable hole 6.
[0035] The water blocking piece 1 is formed by plugging two semi-ring parts together, and a semicircular hole is opened at one end of the two semi-ring parts. When the two semi-ring parts are plugged in, the two semi-ring parts can surround the outer periphery of the large hollow steel pipe 41, and make the two semi-circular holes form a cable hole 6. One of the semi-ring parts is provided with a water injection port, and a water blocking cap 8 is connected to the water blocking piece 1 through an iron chain 9, and the water blocking piece 1 and the iron chain 9, as well as the iron chain 9 and the water blocking cap 8 are welded and fixed. The outer periphery of the extended part of the water injection port is provided with a thread, and the inner wall of the water blocking cap 8 is provided with a thread, so that the water blocking cap 8 can be threadedly connected to the water injection port and seal the water injection port.
[0036] The two ends of the half ring are respectively provided with a plug block and a plug hole, and the two half rings are connected by inserting the plug block into the plug hole. The hole formed between the two half rings for passing the large hollow steel pipe 41 is a steel pipe hole 5.
[0037] The diameter adjustment element includes multiple diameter adjustment plates 2 with different outer diameters, and each diameter adjustment plate 2 is formed by splicing two semi-ring adjustment plates. By installing the diameter adjustment plates 2 with different outer diameters on the outer periphery of one end of the water blocking element, the orifices of upward holes with different apertures can be blocked. The diameter adjustment plate 2 is connected to the water blocking element by screws 10.
[0038] Since the aperture of the upward hole tested by the sonic method is required to be greater than 42mm, the outer diameter of the water plugging piece 1 is designed to be 44mm, and the outer diameters of the diameter adjusting piece 2 are divided into 46mm, 48mm and 50mm. These four apertures are sufficient to meet all aperture conditions of the surrounding rock loosening circle test. By not installing a diameter adjusting piece 2 on the periphery of one end of the water plugging element, or by installing at least one diameter adjusting piece 2 with a different outer diameter, the orifice of the upward hole with different apertures can be blocked, and when multiple diameter adjusting pieces 2 are installed on the periphery of one end of the water plugging element, the diameter of the diameter adjusting piece 2 gradually increases from the outside of the upward hole to the inside of the hole.
[0039] The inner wall of the steel pipe hole 5 on the water blocking element for the large hollow steel pipe 41 to pass through, and the inner wall of the cable hole on the water blocking element for the transducer cable to pass through are both glued with rubber pads 3. The rubber pads 3 have sufficient elasticity, so they can be pressed when installed between the steel pipe hole 5 and the outer wall of the large hollow steel pipe 41, and between the inner circle of the cable hole 6 and the outer periphery of the transducer cable, thereby ensuring the tight connection between the water blocking element and the large hollow steel pipe 41, and the tight connection between the transducer cable and the cable hole 6, thereby avoiding water leakage through the gap between the large hollow steel pipe 41 and the water blocking element, and the gap between the cable hole 6 and the transducer cable when water is injected.
[0040] The method of using this embodiment for on-site testing of the back hole is as follows:
[0041] Pre-bond the rubber pad 3 to the inner wall of the steel pipe hole 5 and the cable hole 6, select a diameter adjustment piece 2 of appropriate size and connect it to the water plugging piece 1 by screws, or remove the diameter adjustment piece 2 that is larger than the appropriate size; the connection direction of the two diameter adjustment pieces is consistent with the connection direction of the two semi-ring parts, and the water plugging piece 1 is firmly connected; connect the large hollow steel pipe 41 and the small hollow steel pipe 42, and place the water plugging piece 1 on the outer periphery of the large hollow steel pipe 41, and install the transducer cable in the cable hole 6, and then plug the two semi-ring parts; put the transducer into the upward hole that has been pre-drilled and cleaned for testing the loose circle of the surrounding rock, and use the hollow pipe assembly 4 to When the transducer is placed in the bottom of the hole, it is necessary to ensure that the water-blocking plate 1 is placed at the hole mouth after the transducer is placed at the bottom of the hole; use water as a coupling agent, put a water pipe on the water injection hole 7 to inject water, and when the water is full, the water will flow into the small hollow steel pipe 42 through the first end of the small hollow steel pipe 42, and flow out from the tail of the large hollow steel pipe 41. At this time, the water pipe is pulled out while the water-blocking cap 8 is tightened; continuous testing can be achieved by repeatedly pulling the hollow tube assembly 4, and the test is performed every 20 cm (that is, 4 scale lines 43 are pulled out). The transducer cable is pulled out in time to avoid affecting the pulling out of the transducer. The test is performed until the transducer reaches the hole mouth, and the acoustic wave test of the surrounding rock at different distances from the hole mouth is completed.
[0042] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
Claims
1. A sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock using the acoustic wave method, characterized in that: It includes a hollow tube assembly, a water blocking element and a diameter adjusting element, wherein the water blocking element and the diameter adjusting element can be detachably installed on the outer periphery of the hollow tube assembly, the diameter adjusting element is located on one side of the water blocking element, and the outer diameter of the diameter adjusting element can be adjusted, the water blocking element and the diameter adjusting element can cooperate to seal the openings of upward holes with different apertures, a limiting step is provided on the outer periphery of the hollow tube assembly, the limiting step is used to contact one end of the transducer, the hollow tube assembly can drive the transducer into the upward hole through the limiting step, and the water blocking element is provided with a water injection port for injecting water into the upward hole, and a cable hole for the cable of the transducer to pass through.
2. The sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hollow tube assembly includes a small hollow steel tube and a large hollow steel tube. The outer diameter of the large hollow steel tube is larger than the outer diameter of the small hollow steel tube. The first end of the large hollow steel tube is connected to the first end of the small hollow steel tube by a thread. The second end of the small hollow steel tube is used to extend into the upward hole. The first end of the large hollow steel tube forms the limiting step at a position corresponding to the outer periphery of the first end of the small hollow steel tube.
3. The sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: There are multiple large hollow steel pipes, and the multiple large hollow steel pipes are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the small hollow steel pipe, and adjacent large hollow steel pipes are connected by threads.
4. The sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The outer wall of each large hollow steel pipe is provided with scale lines.
5. The sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A steel pipe hole is opened in the middle of the water blocking element, and the water blocking element is sleeved on the outer circumference of the large hollow steel pipe through the steel pipe hole. The diameter adjusting element is located on the outer circumference of the large hollow steel pipe and on the side of the water blocking element close to the small hollow steel pipe. The outer diameter of the water blocking element is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the diameter adjusting element.
6. The sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The water blocking element is a water blocking plate, on which the water injection port is provided. The first end of the water injection port extends from the water blocking plate in a direction away from the diameter adjusting element, and the first end of the water injection port is used to connect to an external water pipe, and the second end of the water injection port can be connected to the interior of the upward hole; the water blocking plate is also provided with the cable hole.
7. The sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock by the sonic method according to claim 6 is characterized by: The water blocking piece is formed by plugging two semi-ring parts together, and a semicircular hole is opened at one end of the two semi-ring parts. When the two semi-ring parts are plugged in, the two semi-ring parts can surround the outer periphery of the large hollow steel pipe, and the two semi-circular holes form the cable hole. One of the semi-ring parts is provided with the water injection port, and a water blocking cap is connected to the water blocking piece by an iron chain. The water blocking cap can be threadedly connected to the water injection port and seal the water injection port.
8. The sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock by the sonic method according to claim 5 is characterized by: The diameter adjustment element includes a plurality of diameter adjustment plates with different outer diameters, and each of the diameter adjustment plates is formed by splicing two half-ring adjustment plates. By installing the diameter adjustment plates with different outer diameters on the outer periphery of one end of the water blocking element, the orifices of upward holes with different apertures can be blocked. The diameter adjustment plates are connected to the water blocking element by screws.
9. The sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock by the acoustic wave method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The outer diameter of the water blocking element is 44 mm, and the outer diameter sizes of the diameter adjusting plate are divided into 46 mm, 48 mm and 50 mm. By not installing the diameter adjusting plate on the outer periphery of one end of the water blocking element, or installing at least one diameter adjusting plate with a different outer diameter, the orifice of the upward hole with different apertures can be blocked. When multiple diameter adjusting plates are installed on the outer periphery of one end of the water blocking element, the diameter of the diameter adjusting plate gradually increases from the outside of the upward hole to the inside of the hole.
10. The sealing device for testing the loose zone of surrounding rock by the sonic method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the steel pipe hole on the water blocking element for the large hollow steel pipe to pass through, and the inner wall of the cable hole on the water blocking element for the transducer cable to pass through are both bonded with rubber pads by glue.