A high-gain and high-front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of satellite navigation antennas, and in particular to a high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna, which improves the front-to-back ratio and normal gain of the antenna. The technical solution comprises a PCB circuit board (1), a planar oscillator antenna (3), a dielectric substrate (4), a director (5) and a plurality of choke modules, wherein the plurality of choke modules are symmetrically arranged on the PCB circuit board (1), the dielectric substrate (4) is connected to the symmetrically arranged plurality of choke modules, the planar oscillator antenna (3) is symmetrically arranged on the dielectric substrate (4), and the director (5) is arranged above the planar oscillator antenna (3) and connected to the dielectric substrate (4). The utility model is applicable to satellite navigation systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of satellite navigation antennas, in particular to a satellite navigation antenna with high gain and high front-to-back ratio. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), the performance requirements for satellite navigation antenna products are also increasing. In order to meet the needs of positioning equipment to receive satellite signals of different frequency bands of different navigation systems, the antenna is generally a traditional microstrip stacked antenna or a spiral antenna.

[0003] Microstrip antennas are low in height, but have narrow bandwidth, are heavy, and their performance is easily affected by the characteristics of the medium itself. The quadrilateral helical antenna has a compact structure and a wide beam width, but has a narrow bandwidth and a complex feeding network, making it difficult to cover the four major satellite navigation systems at the same time. The cross-dipole antenna is relatively high, but compared to the above traditional solutions, it has a large beam width and a simple feeding network, but its front-to-back comparison is poor and its normal gain is low. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a satellite navigation antenna with high gain and high front-to-back ratio, thereby improving the front-to-back ratio and normal gain of the antenna.

[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme to achieve the above-mentioned purpose. The utility model provides a satellite navigation antenna with high gain and high front-to-back ratio, including a PCB circuit board 1, a planar oscillator antenna 3, a dielectric substrate 4, a director 5 and multiple choke modules. The multiple choke modules are symmetrically arranged on the PCB circuit board 1, the dielectric substrate 4 is connected to the multiple symmetrically arranged choke modules, the planar oscillator antenna 3 is symmetrically arranged on the dielectric substrate 4, the director 5 is arranged above the planar oscillator antenna 3 and connected to the dielectric substrate 4.

[0006] Furthermore, the director 5 is a metal sheet, which is circular, square or polygonal. The size of the metal sheet and its height relative to the planar antenna 3 are adjusted according to the resonant frequency, gain and bandwidth indicators of the satellite navigation antenna.

[0007] Furthermore, the choke module is a choke column 2-1, which is a metal column. The metal column is cylindrical, conical or square. The height, distance from the planar oscillator antenna 3 and number of the choke column 2-1 are adjusted according to the specific requirements of the satellite navigation antenna.

[0008] Furthermore, the choke column 2 - 1 is connected to the dielectric substrate 4 through a connecting hole 6 on the dielectric substrate 4 .

[0009] Furthermore, the choke module is a choke piece 2 - 2 , and the choke piece 2 - 2 is a copper-clad FR4 dielectric substrate. The choke piece 2 - 2 is connected to the dielectric substrate 4 through a connecting hole 6 on the dielectric substrate 4 .

[0010] Furthermore, the height, distance from the planar dipole antenna 3 and quantity of the choke 2 - 2 are adjusted according to the specific requirements of the satellite navigation antenna.

[0011] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0012] The utility model loads a director on the top of the planar vibrator antenna, which can greatly improve the gain of the normal end of the antenna, and the choke structure loaded around the vibrator can effectively improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna. The director is formed by a metal sheet and is located directly above the vibrator antenna. The director generates an induced current under the action of the electromagnetic field of the active vibrator. Therefore, the director is essentially an effective antenna unit. By reasonably selecting the distance between the director and the antenna and changing the current amplitude and phase on the director, the director can play a role in guiding energy, thereby improving the gain of the vibrator antenna at the normal end. In addition, the introduction of the director can narrow the wave width while improving the gain, which is helpful for improving the front-to-back ratio. In addition, a circle of choke structure is added around the vibrator antenna, which increases the capacitive coupling between the vibrator antenna and the vibrator antenna, suppresses the electric field parallel to the PCB circuit board and the magnetic field perpendicular to the PCB circuit board, and complements the director to improve the front-to-back ratio of the vibrator antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a top view of a high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a front view of a high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a side view of a high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a top view of another high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a front view of another high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a side view of another high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] In the accompanying drawings, 1 is a PCB circuit board, 2-1 is a choke column, 2-2 is a choke plate, 3 is a planar oscillator antenna, 4 is a dielectric substrate, 5 is a director, and 6 is a connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the utility model provides a high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna, comprising a PCB circuit board 1, a planar oscillator antenna 3, a dielectric substrate 4, a director 5 and a plurality of choke modules, wherein the plurality of choke modules are symmetrically arranged on the PCB circuit board 1, the dielectric substrate 4 is connected to the symmetrically arranged plurality of choke modules, the planar oscillator antenna 3 is symmetrically arranged on the dielectric substrate 4, the director 5 is arranged above the planar oscillator antenna 3 and connected to the dielectric substrate 4.

[0022] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the choke module is a choke column 2-1, which is a metal column. The metal column is cylindrical, conical or square. The height, distance from the planar dipole antenna 3 and the number of the choke column 2-1 are adjusted according to the specific requirements of the satellite navigation antenna. The choke column 2 is connected to the dielectric substrate 4 through the connection hole 6 on the dielectric substrate 4.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the choke module can also be a choke piece 2-2, which is evenly distributed around the planar antenna 3. The choke piece 2-2 is a copper-clad FR4 dielectric substrate, and the choke piece 2-2 is connected to the dielectric substrate 4 through a connecting hole 6 on the dielectric substrate 4. The height of the choke piece 2-2, the distance from the planar antenna 3, and the number are adjusted according to the specific requirements of the satellite navigation antenna.

[0024] In one embodiment of the utility model, the director 5 is a metal sheet, which is circular, square or polygonal. The size of the metal sheet and its height relative to the planar oscillator antenna 3 are adjusted according to the resonant frequency, gain and bandwidth indicators of the satellite navigation antenna.

[0025] Specifically, the gain data changes at different heights of the director are shown in Table 1.

[0026] Table 1 Data table of gain of director at different heights

[0027]

[0028] The current amplitude and phase on the director can be used to determine whether the director spacing is reasonable through the antenna gain. Reasonable director spacing can ensure the antenna beam width while maximizing the gain.

[0029] Specifically, the influence of different distances between the choke column and the planar dipole antenna on the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is shown in Table 2.

[0030] Table 2 Antenna front-to-back ratio data table for different distances between the choke post and the antenna center

[0031]

[0032] Specifically, the effects of different numbers of choke posts on the front-to-back ratio of the antenna are shown in Table 3.

[0033] Table 3 Antenna front-to-back ratio data for different numbers of choke posts

[0034]

[0035] Specifically, the effects of different heights of the choke post on the front-to-back ratio of the antenna are shown in Table 4.

[0036] Table 4 Antenna front-to-back ratio data for different heights of choke posts

[0037]

[0038] Therefore, the above data can be used to select the corresponding height, number and distance from the center of the antenna of the choke post.

[0039] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model. It should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the utility model.

Claims

1. A high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a PCB circuit board (1), a planar oscillator antenna (3), a dielectric substrate (4), a director (5) and a plurality of choke modules, wherein the plurality of choke modules are symmetrically arranged on the PCB circuit board (1), the dielectric substrate (4) is connected to the plurality of symmetrically arranged choke modules, the planar oscillator antenna (3) is symmetrically arranged on the dielectric substrate (4), and the director (5) is arranged above the planar oscillator antenna (3) and is fixedly connected to the dielectric substrate (4).

2. The high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The director (5) is a metal sheet which is circular or polygonal in shape. The size of the metal sheet and its height relative to the planar dipole antenna (3) are adjusted according to the resonant frequency, gain and wave width index of the satellite navigation antenna.

3. The high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The choke module is a choke column (2-1), which is a metal column. The metal column is cylindrical, conical or square. The height, distance from the planar oscillator antenna (3) and quantity of the choke column (2-1) are adjusted according to specific requirements of the satellite navigation antenna.

4. The high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The choke column (2-1) is connected to the dielectric substrate (4) via a connection hole (6) on the dielectric substrate (4).

5. The high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The choke module is a choke piece (2-2), the choke piece (2-2) is a copper-clad FR4 dielectric substrate, and the choke piece (2-2) is connected to the dielectric substrate (4) via a connection hole (6) on the dielectric substrate (4).

6. The high-gain and high front-to-back ratio satellite navigation antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The height, distance from the planar dipole antenna (3) and quantity of the choke piece (2-2) are adjusted according to the specific requirements of the satellite navigation antenna.

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