A power distribution fault monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of power distribution, and specifically discloses a power distribution fault monitoring device; it includes a monitoring component and a heat dissipation component; the inside of the power distribution cabinet is divided into an installation layer, a wiring layer and a heat dissipation layer; the heat dissipation component includes a plurality of internal heat dissipation fans and a top heat dissipation fan; the internal heat dissipation fan is a positive pressure fan, and the top heat dissipation fan is a negative pressure fan; the internal heat dissipation fan is arranged in the heat dissipation layer, and the top heat dissipation fan is arranged on one side of the top of the power distribution cabinet; the heat dissipation component forms a heat flow airway in the power distribution cabinet when the positive pressure fan and the negative pressure fan work at the same time; the monitoring component includes a plurality of sensors and controllers; a plurality of the sensors and controllers are connected by telecommunication; a plurality of the internal heat dissipation fans and the top heat dissipation fans are respectively connected by telecommunication to the controller. The heat outflow cycle is completed through the flow airway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power distribution, in particular to a power distribution fault monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] In the operation of the power system, timely detection and handling of power distribution faults ensures the stable supply of electric energy and the safe operation of the power system. The power distribution fault monitoring device is generally installed in the power distribution cabinet to detect possible faults inside the power distribution cabinet, such as abnormal current, voltage, power or temperature.

[0003] The power distribution cabinet is generally fully enclosed when in use. During use, the power distribution cabinet is generally connected to a large number of wires, and there are too many cable and wire joints, so it is impossible to effectively monitor which joints have abnormal temperatures. The power distribution cabinet generates heat when in use. Especially in summer, when the temperature is too high, there is a possibility that the temperature inside the power distribution cabinet is too high, the equipment performance may decline, or even fail. In addition, during the use of the power distribution cabinet, a large amount of dust will accumulate inside, which will also affect the ability of the power distribution cabinet to dissipate heat.

[0004] In the patent "A real-time monitoring device for faults in a distribution cabinet" (publication number CN215678598U, hereinafter referred to as prior art 1), a device for reducing the temperature inside a distribution cabinet is disclosed. In prior art 1, fans are arranged on both sides of the distribution cabinet, and a cooling plate is arranged inside one of the fans. In prior art 1, air is sucked through the cooling plate and then enters the interior of the distribution cabinet for cooling. The cooling plate provided in prior art 1 is equivalent to an air conditioner with a certain number of uses. It needs to be replaced after a period of use. If it is not replaced, the heat dissipation effect of only a single fan is not good. And the cooling plate in prior art 1 needs to be replaced frequently in high-temperature weather, which is troublesome. And once the cooling plate is damaged or disabled, the heat dissipation effect will be poor. And the cost will be higher if it is replaced multiple times. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, an embodiment of the utility model provides a power distribution fault monitoring device to solve the problems of high cost and poor cooling effect of the power distribution cabinet due to damage or failure of the cooling medium when using cooling medium for heat dissipation in the prior art.

[0006] An embodiment of the utility model provides a power distribution fault monitoring device, including a power distribution cabinet and several switches in the power distribution cabinet, wherein the monitoring device is arranged in the power distribution cabinet; the monitoring component and the heat dissipation component are included; the power distribution cabinet is divided into an installation layer, a wiring layer and a heat dissipation layer; the heat dissipation component includes several internal heat dissipation fans and a top heat dissipation fan; the internal heat dissipation fan is a positive pressure fan, and the top heat dissipation fan is a negative pressure fan; the internal heat dissipation fan is arranged in the heat dissipation layer, and the top heat dissipation fan is arranged on one side of the top of the power distribution cabinet; the heat dissipation component forms a heat flow airway in the power distribution cabinet when the positive pressure fan and the negative pressure fan work at the same time; the monitoring component includes several sensors and controllers; several of the sensors and controllers are telecommunication connected; several of the internal heat dissipation fans and the top heat dissipation fans are respectively telecommunication connected to the controller.

[0007] Preferably, a mounting bracket is provided inside the power distribution cabinet; the mounting bracket includes a first mounting bracket and a second mounting bracket, and the first mounting bracket and the second mounting bracket are installed at intervals; the first mounting bracket and the second mounting bracket divide the inside of the power distribution cabinet into the mounting layer, the wiring layer and the heat dissipation layer.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of switches in the power distribution cabinet are installed via a first mounting bracket; a plurality of internal cooling fans are installed via a second mounting bracket; and the second mounting bracket is disposed on the back of the first mounting bracket.

[0009] Preferably, the first mounting bracket includes two long rods and a plurality of short rods; the two long rods are arranged in parallel; the plurality of short rods are arranged between the two long rods; a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the long rods and the short rods; the first mounting bracket and the second mounting bracket are arranged in the same manner.

[0010] Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly is provided with at least a first heat dissipation path and a second heat dissipation path; a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate are respectively provided on the first heat dissipation path and the second heat dissipation path; the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are arranged at intervals; and a plurality of the internal cooling fans are respectively arranged on the first heat dissipation path and the second heat dissipation path through the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of the sensors are respectively arranged at positions on both sides of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, and correspond to positions of a plurality of the switches; and the sensors are temperature sensors.

[0012] Preferably, the heat dissipation component also includes a first ash removal fan and a second ash removal fan; the first ash removal fan and the second ash removal fan are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom position of the power distribution cabinet; the first ash removal fan and the second ash removal fan are respectively set as a positive pressure fan and a negative pressure fan.

[0013] Preferably, the air outlet of the first ash exhaust fan is directly opposite to the air inlet of the second ash exhaust fan.

[0014] Preferably, when the first ash exhaust fan and the second ash exhaust fan work simultaneously, an ash exhaust channel is formed at the bottom of the power distribution cabinet.

[0015] Preferably, the distribution cabinet is provided with a cabinet door; the distribution cabinet is enclosed by the cabinet door; the distribution cabinet circulates air in the distribution cabinet to dissipate heat through the operation of a plurality of internal cooling fans, a top cooling fan, a first dust removal fan and a second dust removal fan arranged inside.

[0016] The utility model provides a power distribution fault monitoring device with the following beneficial effects:

[0017] First, a multi-layer space is set in the power distribution cabinet so that the components of each part do not interfere with each other, so that the heat will not be transferred in a contact manner, and can only circulate in the air. By setting a positive pressure fan and a negative pressure fan, when they work at the same time, a heat flow airway is formed inside the power distribution cabinet, so that the heat can circulate in the flow airway. In this application, the flow airway formed by the heat dissipation fan is used for heat dissipation, without the help of a heat dissipation medium, and multiple fans are set, even if some fans are damaged, there will be no work failure. The heat dissipation fan fully discharges its heat, ensuring the normal operation of the power distribution cabinet. Multiple heat dissipation fans are intelligently controlled by a controller, and the temperature in the power distribution cabinet is monitored by a sensor. No matter which part can dissipate heat, the temperature in the power distribution cabinet can be evenly distributed and effectively dissipated. The control of the heat dissipation fan by the controller and the sensor can not only monitor the temperature inside the power distribution cabinet in real time. The operation of the heat dissipation fan can also be controlled to reduce unnecessary energy consumption and noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiment of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work, and these are all within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a power distribution fault monitoring device;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a power distribution fault monitoring device

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the installation layer of a power distribution fault monitoring device.

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat dissipation layer of a power distribution fault monitoring device

[0023] Parts and numbers in the picture:

[0024] 1-power distribution cabinet, 11-installation layer, 12-wiring layer, 13-heat dissipation layer, 14-first installation bracket, 15-second installation bracket, 141-long rod, 142-short rod, 143-installation hole, 16-switch, 17-cabinet door;

[0025] 21 - first heat dissipation path, 22 - second heat dissipation path, 211 - first mounting plate, 221 - second mounting plate, 23 - internal heat dissipation fan, 24 - top heat dissipation fan, 25 - first dust removal fan, 26 - second dust removal fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the utility model. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements. If there is no conflict, the embodiments of the utility model and the various features in the embodiments can be combined with each other, all within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] See also Figure 1The embodiment of the utility model provides a power distribution fault monitoring device, including a power distribution cabinet 1 and a plurality of switches 16 in the power distribution cabinet 1, wherein the monitoring device is arranged in the power distribution cabinet 1; the monitoring component and the heat dissipation component are included; the power distribution cabinet 1 is divided into an installation layer 11, a wiring layer 12 and a heat dissipation layer 13.

[0029] The installation layer 11 is used to install the switches 16, the wiring layer 12 is used to arrange the cables that need to be connected to the switches 16 during operation, and the heat dissipation layer 13 is used to set the heat dissipation assembly. Through such a layered design, the power distribution fault monitoring device of the embodiment of the utility model realizes the temperature monitoring inside the power distribution and its good heat dissipation effect, and improves the stability and reliability of the device. The heat dissipation assembly includes a plurality of internal heat dissipation fans 23 and a top heat dissipation fan 24; the internal heat dissipation fan 23 is a positive pressure fan, and the top heat dissipation fan 24 is a negative pressure fan.

[0030] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 In order to improve the heat dissipation effect, several internal cooling fans 23 work inside the power distribution cabinet 1 to circulate the air and heat inside the power distribution cabinet 1 and preliminarily reduce the temperature. Since the inside of the power distribution cabinet 1 is in a closed state, the internal heat cannot be discharged, but only circulates, and the temperature reduction is also limited. Therefore, a top cooling fan 24 is set, and the top cooling fan 24 is a negative pressure fan. Through the setting of the top cooling fan 24, the inside of the power distribution cabinet 1 has a channel for circulation with the outside world. The internal cooling fan 23 generates wind flow by rotation, which makes the heat in the power distribution cabinet 1 flow; the top cooling fan 24 discharges the internal heat from the inside of the power distribution cabinet 1 through negative pressure, forming a heat dissipation cycle. Due to the gaps between the various components, the heat flows through the gaps and is discharged to complete the heat dissipation.

[0031] See also Figure 1 The internal cooling fan 23 is arranged in the cooling layer 13, and the top cooling fan 24 is arranged on one side of the top of the power distribution cabinet 1; when the positive pressure fan and the negative pressure fan work simultaneously, the heat dissipation component forms a heat flow airway in the power distribution cabinet 1.

[0032] Furthermore, when the top cooling fan 24 is arranged on the top of the power distribution cabinet 1, since the top cooling fan 24 is connected to the inside and outside of the power distribution cabinet 1, rainwater from the outside may enter the inside of the power distribution cabinet 1 on rainy days, and the inside of the power distribution cabinet 1 may be damaged. In order to avoid this situation, the top cooling fan 24 is arranged on one side of the top of the power distribution cabinet 1. When it is arranged on the side, rainwater cannot directly enter the inside of the power distribution cabinet 1. Furthermore, a rain eave can be arranged on the outside of the top cooling fan 24 so that rainwater can flow down along the rain eave without entering the inside of the power distribution cabinet 1. Preferably, in order to increase the heat dissipation capacity of the power distribution cabinet 1, negative pressure cooling fans can also be arranged on both sides of the top of the power distribution cabinet 1 to enhance its heat dissipation capacity. Heat sinks can also be installed on the side walls and bottom of the power distribution cabinet 1 to increase the heat dissipation area and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0033] The monitoring component includes several sensors and controllers; several of the sensors and controllers are connected by telecommunication. The temperature of each switch 16 is monitored by several sensors, and the sensor provides real-time feedback to the controller on the data of the temperature abnormal switch 16. The controller can be a single-chip microcomputer and its PLC control board. The present application adopts single-chip microcomputer control, and specifically adopts STC89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the controller. Several of the internal cooling fans 23 and the top cooling fans 24 are connected by telecommunication to the controller respectively. When the sensor detects the temperature abnormality (the temperature inside the cabinet is greater than 50°C), it communicates with the controller, and the controller controls the corresponding internal cooling fan 23 to work. The internal temperature standard of the distribution cabinet is stipulated by the power industry standard, and is usually required to be kept within 55°C. In high temperature environment and high load conditions, the internal temperature of the distribution cabinet is easy to rise. Setting its safety temperature within 50°C makes the operation inside the distribution cabinet 1 safer. When the internal temperature of the distribution cabinet 1 is too high, all sensors may detect the temperature abnormality, and all fans will work at the same time to fully dissipate the heat inside the distribution cabinet 1. Especially in the summer when the temperature is high, monitoring components play a vital role in the entire system. They can sense and feedback the temperature status of the equipment in real time to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] See also Figure 1 The present utility model provides a power distribution fault monitoring device, wherein a mounting bracket is provided inside the power distribution cabinet 1; the mounting bracket comprises a first mounting bracket 14 and a second mounting bracket 15, and the first mounting bracket 14 and the second mounting bracket 15 are installed at intervals. Figure 2The first mounting bracket 14 and the second mounting bracket 15 are used to divide the inside of the power distribution cabinet 1 into the mounting layer 11, the wiring layer 12 and the heat dissipation layer 13. Several switches 16 in the power distribution cabinet 1 are installed through the first mounting bracket 14; several internal heat dissipation fans 23 are installed through the second mounting bracket 15; the second mounting bracket 15 is arranged on the back of the first mounting bracket 14. The first mounting bracket 14 includes two long rods 141 and several short rods 142; the two long rods 141 are arranged in parallel; several short rods 142 are arranged between the two long rods 141; the long rods 141 and the short rods 142 are both provided with several mounting holes 143; the first mounting bracket 14 and the second mounting bracket 15 are arranged in the same manner.

[0036] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 or Figure 4 In the design of the power distribution cabinet 1, the selection and layout of the mounting brackets are crucial, as they not only affect the overall structure of the power distribution cabinet 1, but are also directly related to the installation and heat dissipation effect of the equipment. There will be special mounting brackets inside the power distribution cabinet 1, which are usually composed of a first mounting bracket 14 and a second mounting bracket 15, which are arranged in the power distribution cabinet 1 in an interval installation manner, thereby effectively dividing the internal space of the power distribution cabinet 1 into an installation layer 11, a wiring layer 12 and a heat dissipation layer 13.

[0037] Specifically, the first mounting bracket 14 is mainly responsible for the installation of the switch 16 device in the power distribution cabinet 1. It is composed of two long rods 141 and a plurality of short rods 142. The two long rods 141 are arranged in parallel, and the short rods 142 span between the two long rods 141 to form a stable support structure. A plurality of mounting holes 143 are provided on the long rods 141 and the short rods 142, so that the switch 16 device can be fixed by bolts or other fasteners. This design not only ensures the stable installation of the switch 16 device, but also improves the installation efficiency, and provides convenience for subsequent maintenance and overhaul work.

[0038] See also Figure 4 The second mounting bracket 15 is mainly used to install the internal cooling fan 23. It is located at the back of the first mounting bracket 14 and forms a certain interval with the first mounting bracket 14 to provide sufficient air intake space for the cooling fan. Similarly, the second mounting bracket 15 also adopts a long rod 141 and a short rod 142 structure similar to the first mounting bracket 14, and is provided with corresponding mounting holes 143 to facilitate the fixing of the cooling fan. This design enables the cooling fan to fully exert its heat dissipation effect, ensure that the internal temperature of the power distribution cabinet 1 is controlled within a suitable range, and thus extend the service life of the equipment.

[0039] In addition to the above basic structure and functions, the design of the mounting bracket needs to consider some other factors. For example, the material of the mounting bracket should have good strength and corrosion resistance to ensure its stability and reliability in long-term use; at the same time, the size and layout of the mounting bracket also need to be reasonably arranged according to the actual size of the distribution cabinet 1 and the number of equipment to make full use of the space.

[0040] See also Figure 4 The heat dissipation assembly is provided with at least a first heat dissipation path 21 and a second heat dissipation path 22; the first heat dissipation path 21 and the second heat dissipation path 22 are provided with a first mounting plate 211 and a second mounting plate 221 respectively; the first mounting plate 211 and the second mounting plate 221 are arranged at intervals; a plurality of internal heat dissipation fans 23 are respectively arranged on the first heat dissipation path 21 and the second heat dissipation path 22 through the first mounting plate 211 and the second mounting plate 221. A plurality of sensors are respectively arranged at positions on both sides of the first mounting plate 211 and the second mounting plate 221, and correspond to positions of a plurality of switches 16; the sensors are temperature sensors.

[0041] The heat dissipation assembly further includes a first dust exhaust fan 25 and a second dust exhaust fan 26; the first dust exhaust fan 25 and the second dust exhaust fan 26 are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the power distribution cabinet 1; the first dust exhaust fan 25 and the second dust exhaust fan 26 are respectively arranged as a positive pressure fan and a negative pressure fan. The air outlet of the first dust exhaust fan 25 is directly opposite to the air inlet of the second dust exhaust fan 26. When the first dust exhaust fan 25 and the second dust exhaust fan 26 work at the same time, a dust exhaust channel is formed at the bottom of the power distribution cabinet 1.

[0042] See also Figure 1 , through the functions of the first dust removal fan 25 and the second dust removal fan 26, efficient heat dissipation and dust discharge of the distribution cabinet 1 are ensured. These two fans are not only located on both sides of the bottom position of the distribution cabinet 1, but also each has unique properties and functions. The first dust removal fan 25 is set as a positive pressure fan, and its main task is to discharge the hot air and dust inside the distribution cabinet 1 to the outside. The second dust removal fan 26 is used as a negative pressure fan, and its function is to inhale fresh air from the outside to supplement the air flow circulation inside the distribution cabinet 1. This combination of positive and negative pressure design effectively promotes the air exchange inside and outside the distribution cabinet 1, ensuring the normal operation and heat dissipation effect of the equipment.

[0043] It is worth mentioning that the air outlet of the first dust exhaust fan 25 is directly opposite to the air inlet of the second dust exhaust fan 26. This layout makes the dust exhaust channel smoother and the air flow more direct and effective. When the two fans work at the same time, they will form a clear dust exhaust channel at the bottom of the distribution cabinet 1, and hot air and dust will be quickly discharged, while fresh air will be continuously replenished. And it can also complete the cleaning of accumulated dust. The design of this heat dissipation component not only improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the distribution cabinet 1, but also greatly reduces the risk of equipment failure.

[0044] See also Figure 1 The distribution cabinet 1 is provided with a cabinet door 17; the distribution cabinet 1 is closed inside by the cabinet door 17; the distribution cabinet 1 circulates air in the distribution cabinet 1 to dissipate heat through the operation of a plurality of internal cooling fans 23, a top cooling fan 24, a first dust removal fan 25 and a second dust removal fan 26 arranged inside.

[0045] The heat dissipation performance of the power distribution cabinet 1 is one of the key factors to ensure its stable operation. To this end, multiple internal heat dissipation fans 23, top heat dissipation fans 24, first dust removal fans 25, and second dust removal fans 26 are carefully configured inside the power distribution cabinet 1. These fans work together to form an efficient air circulation system, so that the air in the power distribution cabinet 1 can flow continuously, thereby effectively reducing the operating temperature of electrical components and preventing failures caused by overheating.

[0046] The internal cooling fan 23 is mainly responsible for sucking in the cold air at the bottom of the power distribution cabinet 1 and bringing the heat to the top through the internal air duct. The top cooling fan 24 is responsible for exhausting the hot air out of the power distribution cabinet 1 to ensure that the internal temperature is always kept within a reasonable range. At the same time, the first dust removal fan 25 and the second dust removal fan 26 can effectively remove the dust and debris accumulated inside the power distribution cabinet 1, keeping the electrical components clean and the heat dissipation effect.

[0047] This heat dissipation design not only ensures the stability of the power distribution cabinet 1 during long-term operation, but also prolongs the service life of electrical components. In addition, the power distribution cabinet 1 also adopts an intelligent temperature control system that can monitor the internal temperature in real time and automatically adjust the fan speed according to temperature changes, thereby achieving more accurate heat dissipation control.

[0048] Furthermore, in order to prevent dust and foreign matter from entering the inside of the power distribution cabinet 1, the top cooling fan 24 and the first dust removal fan 25 are outside the chassis, and dustproof nets are also provided to prevent external dust from entering.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] See also Figure 1, an embodiment of the utility model provides a power distribution fault monitoring device. First, this design significantly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the distribution cabinet 1. Through the coordinated work of the internal cooling fan 23, the top cooling fan 24 and the dust exhaust fan, an efficient air circulation system is formed inside the distribution cabinet 1, which can discharge the heat generated by the electrical components in time, thereby keeping the equipment within the optimal operating temperature range. This helps to reduce the failure rate of electrical components and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment. Secondly, this design optimizes the maintenance and management of the distribution cabinet 1. The setting of the dustproof net effectively prevents dust and foreign matter from entering the interior of the distribution cabinet 1, reducing the workload of cleaning and maintenance.

[0051] Temperature monitoring makes heat dissipation control more accurate, and can automatically adjust the fan operation according to different working environments and load conditions, thereby achieving efficient use of energy. This design also takes into account the safety and ease of use of the distribution cabinet 1. The cabinet door 17 of the distribution cabinet 1 is not only beautiful and generous, but also can effectively prevent external factors from interfering with and damaging the internal electrical components. At the same time, the reasonable layout and standardized design of the mounting bracket make the installation and maintenance of the distribution cabinet 1 more convenient and quick, reducing the difficulty and cost of operation.

[0052] This design of the power distribution cabinet 1 shows significant advantages in terms of heat dissipation efficiency, maintenance management, safety and ease of use. It can not only ensure the stability and reliability of the power distribution cabinet 1 during long-term operation, but also reduce maintenance costs and increase the service life of the equipment. Therefore, this design has broad application prospects in the fields of power, communication, industrial automation, etc.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A power distribution fault monitoring device, comprising a power distribution cabinet (1) and a plurality of switches (16) in the power distribution cabinet (1), wherein the monitoring device is arranged in the power distribution cabinet (1); characterized in that: It comprises a monitoring component and a heat dissipation component; the power distribution cabinet (1) is divided into an installation layer (11), a wiring layer (12) and a heat dissipation layer (13); The heat dissipation component comprises a plurality of internal heat dissipation fans (23) and a top heat dissipation fan (24); the internal heat dissipation fan (23) is a positive pressure fan, and the top heat dissipation fan (24) is a negative pressure fan; the internal heat dissipation fan (23) is arranged in the heat dissipation layer (13), and the top heat dissipation fan (24) is arranged on one side of the top of the power distribution cabinet (1); the heat dissipation component forms a heat flow airway in the power distribution cabinet (1) when the positive pressure fan and the negative pressure fan work simultaneously; The monitoring component comprises a plurality of sensors and a controller; the plurality of sensors and the controller are connected by telecommunication; and the plurality of internal cooling fans (23) and top cooling fans (24) are respectively connected by telecommunication to the controller.

2. A power distribution fault monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power distribution cabinet (1) is provided with a mounting bracket inside; the mounting bracket comprises a first mounting bracket (14) and a second mounting bracket (15), the first mounting bracket (14) and the second mounting bracket (15) being installed at intervals; the first mounting bracket (14) and the second mounting bracket (15) divide the power distribution cabinet (1) into the mounting layer (11), the wiring layer (12) and the heat dissipation layer (13).

3. A power distribution fault monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of switches (16) in the power distribution cabinet (1) are installed via a first mounting bracket (14); a plurality of internal cooling fans (23) are installed via a second mounting bracket (15); and the second mounting bracket (15) is arranged at the back of the first mounting bracket (14).

4. A power distribution fault monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first mounting bracket (14) comprises two long rods (141) and a plurality of short rods (142); the two long rods (141) are arranged in parallel; the plurality of short rods (142) are arranged between the two long rods (141); and a plurality of mounting holes (143) are provided on the long rods (141) and the short rods (142); The first mounting bracket (14) and the second mounting bracket (15) are arranged in the same manner.

5. A power distribution fault monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat dissipation assembly is provided with at least a first heat dissipation path (21) and a second heat dissipation path (22); a first mounting plate (211) and a second mounting plate (221) are provided on the first heat dissipation path (21) and the second heat dissipation path (22), respectively; the first mounting plate (211) and the second mounting plate (221) are arranged at intervals; and a plurality of internal heat dissipation fans (23) are respectively arranged on the first heat dissipation path (21) and the second heat dissipation path (22) through the first mounting plate (211) and the second mounting plate (221), respectively.

6. A power distribution fault monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of sensors are respectively arranged at positions on both sides of the first mounting plate (211) and the second mounting plate (221), and correspond to positions of the plurality of switches (16); the sensors are temperature sensors.

7. A power distribution fault monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation component further comprises a first dust removal fan (25) and a second dust removal fan (26); the first dust removal fan (25) and the second dust removal fan (26) are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom position of the power distribution cabinet (1); the first dust removal fan (25) and the second dust removal fan (26) are respectively arranged as a positive pressure fan and a negative pressure fan.

8. A power distribution fault monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air outlet of the first ash exhaust fan (25) is directly opposite to the air inlet of the second ash exhaust fan (26).

9. A power distribution fault monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the first ash exhaust fan (25) and the second ash exhaust fan (26) work simultaneously, an ash exhaust channel is formed at the bottom of the power distribution cabinet (1).

10. A power distribution fault monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The power distribution cabinet (1) is provided with a cabinet door (17); the interior of the power distribution cabinet (1) is sealed by the cabinet door (17); the power distribution cabinet (1) circulates air in the power distribution cabinet (1) to dissipate heat through the operation of a plurality of internal cooling fans (23), a top cooling fan (24), a first dust removal fan (25) and a second dust removal fan (26) provided inside the power distribution cabinet (1).

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