Clutch internal tooth structure and clutch

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of clutches, and particularly relates to a clutch internal tooth structure and a clutch. An internal tooth structure of a clutch comprises a clutch sleeve, an internal spline is arranged in the sleeve and extends in the axial direction, a first curved surface protruding outwards is arranged at the center of the axial outer side end face of each tooth of the internal spline, and two slopes are arranged on the two sides of the first curved surface. The two slopes are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode with the center line of the first curved surface as the symmetry axis and extend from the first curved surface to the two side faces of the tooth. The two inclined faces are connected with the two side faces through two second curved faces, the second curved faces protrude outwards, and the two second curved faces are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode with the center line of the first curved face as the symmetry axis. The clutch has the advantages that the clutch can be conveniently clutched, and the service life is long.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of clutches, and in particular relates to a clutch internal tooth structure and a clutch. Background Art

[0002] The "clutch" of the clutch is usually achieved by meshing the internal spline and the external spline. For example, the rotor shaft is provided with an axial opening to form an inner hole, and an internal spline is provided on the hole wall of the inner hole. The rotor shaft is equipped with an output shaft rod, and an external spline is provided on the output shaft rod. When the output shaft rod is inserted into the inner hole of the rotor shaft so that the external spline meshes with the internal spline, the rotor shaft and the output shaft rod are linked, which is the "engagement" of the clutch; when the external spline of the output shaft rod is disengaged from the internal spline of the rotor shaft, the two are not linked, which is the "disengagement" of the clutch. The tooth ends of conventional internal and external splines are flat. Only when the tooth grooves of the internal spline are aligned with the teeth of the external spline can the plug-in fit between the two be achieved to achieve linkage.

[0003] Chinese patent application number 201010274466.2 discloses an involute clutch spline structure, including a spline sleeve with an internal spline and a spline shaft with an external spline, wherein a sliding surface is cut downward from the center line of the tooth to the two side surfaces of the tooth on the upper and lower end surfaces of each tooth of the internal spline and the external spline.

[0004] In the above scheme, by setting a sliding surface, when the external spline and the internal spline are meshing, the sliding surfaces of the internal teeth and the external teeth contact first, and the guiding effect of the sliding surface allows the internal teeth and the external teeth to slide relative to each other smoothly and mesh. However, there are sharp corners at the connection between the two sliding surfaces and the connection between the two side surfaces and the sliding surface in this scheme. When the spline sleeve and the spline shaft are matched, the sharp corners will collide; after the clutch is used for a long time, the sharp corners are prone to deformation, the sharp corners where the two sliding surfaces are connected will be flattened, and the sharp corners between the sliding surface and the two side surfaces will extend outward, thereby affecting the sliding and meshing between the external spline and the internal spline. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a clutch inner tooth structure which is convenient for the clutch to realize clutch engagement and has a long service life.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a clutch internal tooth structure, including a clutch sleeve, an internal spline is arranged in the sleeve, the internal spline extends in the axial direction, and a first curved surface protruding outward is arranged at the center of the axial outer end surface of each tooth of the internal spline, and two inclined surfaces are arranged on both sides of the first curved surface, and the two inclined surfaces are mirror-symmetrically arranged with the center line of the first curved surface as the symmetry axis, and the two inclined surfaces extend from the first curved surface to the two side surfaces of the tooth; the two inclined surfaces are connected to the two side surfaces by two second curved surfaces, the second curved surfaces protrude outward, and the two second curved surfaces are mirror-symmetrically arranged with the center line of the first curved surface as the symmetry axis.

[0007] The two inclined surfaces serve as guides. By setting the first curved surface and the second curved surface, the connection between the two inclined surfaces and the connection between the inclined surfaces and the side surfaces are smoother, that is, a rounded transition, which improves the strength of the structure. When the inner spline is mated with the outer spline, although the tooth ends of the inner spline and the tooth ends of the outer spline will still collide, the first curved surface and the second curved surface allow the teeth of the outer spline to slide more smoothly, and the force can be effectively transmitted in the event of a collision, reducing the possibility of deformation due to collision, facilitating the clutch's engagement and disengagement, thereby extending the service life of the entire clutch.

[0008] Preferably, the teeth of the internal spline include a tooth top surface, and the axial outer end of the tooth top surface is provided with a third curved surface protruding outward, the third curved surface is connected to the first curved surface and the two second curved surfaces, and the curvature of the third curved surface is greater than the curvature of the first curved surface and the second curved surface.

[0009] A smooth transition can be further achieved by setting a third curved surface, which plays a transition role when the inner spline and the outer spline are plugged in, and the inner spline and the outer spline can slide better.

[0010] Preferably, an extension direction of the first curved surface is perpendicular to an extension direction of the tooth top surface.

[0011] The extension direction of the first curved surface is perpendicular to the extension direction of the tooth top surface, so that when the teeth of the external spline contact the first curved surface, the first curved surface will guide the teeth of the external spline to the inclined surface, thereby facilitating the meshing of the external spline and the internal spline.

[0012] Preferably, the inclined surface is smoothly connected to the first curved surface, and the second curved surface is smoothly connected to the inclined surface and the side surface.

[0013] Through the smooth connection, the tooth end of the internal spline is made smoother, which facilitates the sliding of the external spline and the internal spline when meshing.

[0014] Preferably, the third curved surface is smoothly connected to the first curved surface, the second curved surface and the tooth top surface.

[0015] Through the smooth connection, the tooth end of the internal spline is made smoother, which facilitates the sliding of the external spline and the internal spline when meshing.

[0016] Preferably, the inclined surface is an involute surface.

[0017] The involute surface can make the contact position of the tooth end faces of the internal spline and the external spline simulate the gear meshing, so that the contact point is always on the common tangent line, which can make the clutch process quieter and smoother, reduce vibration and noise, and reduce contact surface wear.

[0018] A clutch having the above-mentioned clutch internal tooth structure includes a clutch rod matched with a clutch sleeve, the clutch rod is provided with an external spline, the tooth ends of the teeth of the external spline are planes, and the side surfaces of the teeth of the external spline and the side surfaces of the teeth of the internal spline are both involute surfaces that match each other.

[0019] The inner tooth structure of the clutch has a special curved surface at the end of the tooth, which can guide the teeth of the external spline to facilitate the meshing of the two. Therefore, there is no need to process the teeth of the external spline into matching inclined surfaces, and a conventional tooth structure can be directly used, which is easy to process and reduces production costs.

[0020] Preferably, the clutch sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve which are integrally arranged in the axial direction, the internal spline is arranged in the first sleeve, and the second sleeve is always slidingly matched with the external spline of the clutch rod; when the clutch rod moves toward the first sleeve, the external spline is meshed with the internal spline.

[0021] By providing the second sleeve and the external spline of the clutch lever always slidingly cooperates with the second sleeve, the clutch lever and the clutch sleeve are always coaxially arranged, which makes it easier to realize the "disengagement" and "engagement" of the clutch.

[0022] Preferably, the clutch lever comprises a rod body and a spline shaft along the axial direction, the spline shaft is provided with the external spline, and the diameter of the rod body is the same as the outer diameter of the clutch sleeve.

[0023] When the clutch rod and the clutch are plugged in, the rod body will contact the end surface of the clutch sleeve to limit the extreme position of the plug-in fit between the two.

[0024] The utility model has the advantages of being easy to engage and disengage the clutch and having a long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the clutch explosion.

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the interior of the clutch sleeve.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the clutch in the "closed" state.

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the clutch lever structure.

[0031] Figure numbers: 1, clutch sleeve; 11, first sleeve; 12, second sleeve; 2, clutch lever; 21, spline shaft; 22, rod body; 3, internal spline; 31, inclined surface; 32, side surface; 33, tooth top surface; 41, first curved surface; 42, second curved surface; 43, third curved surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The utility model is further described below based on the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a clutch internal tooth structure and a clutch, including a clutch sleeve 1 with an internal tooth structure and a clutch rod 2 with an external tooth structure. Among them, the clutch sleeve 1 in this embodiment is arranged on the motor rotor shaft and is integrally arranged with the motor rotor shaft, and the clutch rod 2 is an output shaft rod plugged with the motor rotor shaft. The clutch sleeve 1 includes a first sleeve 11 and a second sleeve 12 in the axial direction in sequence, and an internal tooth structure is provided on the inner wall of the first sleeve 11, and the internal tooth structure is an internal spline 3. The clutch rod 2 includes a rod body 22 and a spline shaft 21 in the axial direction, and the diameter of the rod body 22 is the same as the outer diameter of the clutch sleeve 1; the spline shaft 21 is provided with an external spline, and the spline shaft 21 extends in the axial direction and extends into the second sleeve 12 to always slide with the inner wall of the second sleeve 12.

[0034] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the internal spline 3 extends in the axial direction, and a first curved surface 41 protruding outward is provided at the center of the axial outer end surface of each tooth of the internal spline 3. Two inclined surfaces 31 are provided on both sides of the first curved surface 41. The inclined surfaces 31 are smoothly connected to the first curved surface 41. The two inclined surfaces 31 are mirror-symmetrically arranged with the center line of the first curved surface 41 as the axis of symmetry. The two inclined surfaces 31 extend from the first curved surface 41 to the two side surfaces 32 of the tooth. The two inclined surfaces 31 are connected to the two side surfaces 32 through two second curved surfaces 42 protruding outward. The second curved surface 42 is smoothly connected to the inclined surface 31 and the side surface 32. The two second curved surfaces 42 are mirror-symmetrically arranged with the center line of the first curved surface 41 as the axis of symmetry. The teeth of the internal spline 3 include a tooth top surface 33, and the axial outer end of the tooth top surface 33 is provided with an outwardly protruding third curved surface 43, the third curved surface 43 is connected to the first curved surface 41 and the two second curved surfaces 42, and the curvature of the third curved surface 43 is greater than the curvature of the first curved surface 31 and the second curved surface 42. The third curved surface 43 is smoothly connected to the first curved surface 41, the second curved surface 42 and the tooth top surface 33. The first curved surface 41 extends in the radial direction and is disposed in the extension direction of the tooth top surface 33. Among them, the inclined surface is an involute curved surface.

[0035] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the tooth ends of the external spline teeth are planes, and the side surfaces of the external spline teeth and the side surfaces 32 of the internal spline teeth are involute curved surfaces that match each other.

[0036] When machining the internal gear structure of the clutch, the shape of the internal spline is rather special and cannot be machined in a conventional manner. In this embodiment, the internal spline is machined by an electric spark process.

[0037] According to the digital model of the output shaft, the first electrode head that matches the circumferential outer contour of the internal spline is processed and manufactured on the precision engraving machine, and the first electrode head is inserted into the clutch sleeve so that the tooth top surface and the side surfaces of the internal spline are processed. The second electrode head is milled on the precision engraving machine using an R1 ball head milling cutter according to the three-dimensional digital model to form a structure that matches the shape of the tooth end of the internal spline. The end face of the second electrode head is matched with the tooth end face of the internal spline to achieve the processing of the tooth end of the internal spline, so that the tooth end of the internal spline has two inclined surfaces and a first curved surface, a second curved surface, and a third curved surface.

[0038] The outer circle and inner hole machining of the clutch sleeve may adopt any existing machining process for machining the outer circle and inner hole of a shaft workpiece.

Claims

1. A clutch internal tooth structure, comprising a clutch sleeve, wherein the sleeve is provided with an internal spline, wherein the internal spline extends in an axial direction, and wherein: A first curved surface protruding outward is provided at the center of the axial outer end face of each tooth of the internal spline, and two inclined surfaces are provided on both sides of the first curved surface. The two inclined surfaces are mirror-symmetrically arranged with the center line of the first curved surface as the axis of symmetry, and the two inclined surfaces extend from the first curved surface to the two side surfaces of the tooth; the two inclined surfaces are connected to the two side surfaces by two second curved surfaces, and the second curved surfaces protrude outward. The two second curved surfaces are mirror-symmetrically arranged with the center line of the first curved surface as the axis of symmetry.

2. The clutch internal tooth structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The teeth of the internal spline include a tooth top surface, and the axial outer end of the tooth top surface is provided with a third curved surface protruding outward, the third curved surface is connected to the first curved surface and the two second curved surfaces, and the curvature of the third curved surface is greater than the curvatures of the first curved surface and the second curved surface.

3. The clutch internal tooth structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: An extending direction of the first curved surface is perpendicular to an extending direction of the tooth top surface.

4. The clutch internal tooth structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined surface is an involute curved surface.

5. The clutch internal tooth structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined surface is smoothly connected to the first curved surface, and the second curved surface is smoothly connected to the inclined surface and the side surface.

6. The clutch internal tooth structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third curved surface is smoothly connected to the first curved surface, the second curved surface and the tooth top surface.

7. A clutch having the clutch internal tooth structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The invention comprises a clutch lever matched with a clutch sleeve, wherein the clutch lever is provided with an external spline, the tooth ends of the teeth of the external spline are planes, and the side surfaces of the teeth of the external spline and the side surfaces of the teeth of the internal spline are both involute curved surfaces matched with each other.

8. The clutch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clutch sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve integrally arranged in the axial direction, the internal spline is arranged in the first sleeve, and the second sleeve is always slidingly matched with the external spline of the clutch rod; when the clutch rod moves toward the first sleeve, the external spline is meshed with the internal spline.

9. The clutch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clutch lever comprises a rod body and a spline shaft along the axial direction, the spline shaft is provided with the external spline, and the diameter of the rod body is the same as the outer diameter of the clutch sleeve.

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