Gain amplification device and nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gain amplification device and nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing equipment, and is applied to the technical field of quantum computing, the gain amplification device comprises a first gain amplification circuit to an Nth gain amplification circuit, the first gain amplification circuit to the Nth gain amplification circuit are sequentially connected in series, n is a positive integer not smaller than 2, and the filter is used for sequentially amplifying and filtering input signals from the outside and gradually reducing the passband width of the input signals; each gain amplification circuit comprises a gain amplifier and a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier, and in each gain amplification circuit, the gain amplifier is arranged in front of the filter circuit and is used for amplifying a received input signal, and the filter circuit is used for filtering a signal output by the gain amplifier. By applying the scheme of the invention, noise suppression can be effectively carried out on the basis of realizing high magnification times.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a gain amplifying device and a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device. Background Art

[0002] In a quantum computing system, information is stored in the form of quantum bits. Similar to classical bits, quantum bits also have states, which can be either the two ground states of |0> or |1>, or a linear combination of |0> and |1>, called a superposition state. At present, when manipulating the state information of nuclear magnetic quantum bits, it is usually necessary to control it through programming, and use peripheral devices such as standard RF amplifiers to cooperate with it. These peripheral devices not only take up a lot of space during use, but the highest gain RF amplifier on the market is a 2-stage gain amplifier in series, with an amplification level of only 50dB. In many cases, it cannot meet the use requirements, which greatly restricts the development of quantum computers.

[0003] In summary, how to effectively achieve signal gain amplification is a technical problem that those skilled in the art urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a gain amplifying device and a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device to effectively realize the gain amplification of the signal.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a gain amplifier device, comprising: a first gain amplifier circuit to an Nth gain amplifier circuit, the first gain amplifier circuit to the Nth gain amplifier circuit are sequentially connected in series, and are used to sequentially amplify and filter an input signal from an external source, and gradually reduce a passband width of the input signal, wherein N is a positive integer not less than 2;

[0007] Each gain amplifier circuit includes a gain amplifier and a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier, and in each gain amplifier circuit: the gain amplifier is arranged before the filter circuit, the gain amplifier is used to amplify the received input signal, and the filter circuit is used to filter the signal output by the gain amplifier.

[0008] In one embodiment, the N filter circuits are all narrowband bandpass filter circuits, and there are M different passband widths in the N filter circuits, and the M different passband widths gradually decrease as they are away from the device that generates the external input signal; wherein M is a positive integer and M≤N.

[0009] In one implementation, the filter circuit in the first gain amplifier circuit includes:

[0010] A first precision high-pass coupling circuit with a cutoff frequency a;

[0011] A first impedance matching circuit connected to the first precision high-pass coupling circuit and used for output limiting;

[0012] A first low-pass filter circuit connected to the first impedance matching circuit and having a cut-off frequency b;

[0013] A first precision coupling circuit connected to the first low-pass filter circuit and having a passband from a to b;

[0014] a and b are both preset parameters, and a<b.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first precision high-pass coupling circuit includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor;

[0016] The first end of the first capacitor is connected to the input end of the first precision high-pass coupling circuit to be connected to the output end of the gain amplifier in the first gain amplifier circuit, the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the third capacitor respectively, the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the second end of the third capacitor and the connection end is connected to the output end of the first precision high-pass coupling circuit;

[0017] The first impedance matching circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor;

[0018] The first end of the first resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor, and the connection end is connected to the input end of the first impedance matching circuit; the second end of the third resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, the first end of the fifth resistor and the first end of the sixth resistor, and the connection end is connected to the output end of the first impedance matching circuit; the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the second resistor, the second end of the fifth resistor and the second end of the sixth resistor are all grounded.

[0019] In one embodiment, the first low-pass filter circuit includes a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a first inductor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a second inductor and a third inductor;

[0020] The first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the first end of the first inductor and the connecting end is connected to the input end of the first low-pass filter circuit; the second end of the fourth capacitor is respectively connected to the second end of the first inductor, the first end of the fifth capacitor and the first end of the sixth capacitor;

[0021] The second end of the fifth capacitor is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth capacitor, the first end of the second inductor, the first end of the third inductor, the first end of the seventh capacitor and the first end of the eighth capacitor, and the connection end is connected to the output end of the first low-pass filter circuit; the second end of the second inductor, the second end of the third inductor, the second end of the seventh capacitor and the second end of the eighth capacitor are all grounded;

[0022] The first precision coupling circuit includes a ninth capacitor and a tenth capacitor;

[0023] The first end of the ninth capacitor is connected to the first end of the tenth capacitor and the connecting end is connected to the input end of the first precision coupling circuit. The second end of the ninth capacitor is connected to the second end of the tenth capacitor and the connecting end is connected to the output end of the first precision coupling circuit to connect to the input end of the gain amplifier in the second gain amplifier circuit.

[0024] In one embodiment, the filter circuit in the second gain amplifier circuit includes:

[0025] A second precision coupling circuit having a passband from a to b;

[0026] A first high-pass filter circuit connected to the second precision coupling circuit and having a cut-off frequency a;

[0027] A third precision coupling circuit connected to the first high-pass filter circuit and having a passband from a to b;

[0028] a and b are both preset parameters, and a<b.

[0029] In one embodiment, the filter circuit in the third gain amplifier circuit includes:

[0030] a fourth precision coupling circuit having a passband from c to d;

[0031] A second impedance matching circuit connected to the fourth precision coupling circuit and used for output limiting;

[0032] A second low-pass filter circuit connected to the second impedance matching circuit and having a cut-off frequency d;

[0033] A fifth precision coupling circuit connected to the second low-pass filter circuit and having a passband from c to d;

[0034] c and d are both preset parameters, and a<c<d<b.

[0035] In one implementation, the filter circuit in the fourth gain amplifier circuit includes:

[0036] a third impedance matching circuit for output limiting;

[0037] A third low-pass filter circuit connected to the third impedance matching circuit and having a cut-off frequency of f, wherein the third low-pass filter circuit comprises a fourth inductor and an eleventh capacitor, wherein a first end of the fourth inductor is connected to an input end of the third low-pass filter circuit, a second end of the fourth inductor is connected to a first end of the eleventh capacitor, and a second end of the eleventh capacitor is connected to an output end of the third low-pass filter circuit;

[0038] A second high-pass filter circuit connected to the third low-pass filter circuit, with a cut-off frequency of e;

[0039] Both e and f are preset parameters, and a<c<e<f<d<b.

[0040] In one implementation, the filter circuit in the fifth gain amplifier circuit includes:

[0041] A notch filter for suppressing the second harmonic of the main wave;

[0042] A sixth precision coupling circuit connected to the wave trap and having a passband from g to h;

[0043] A third high-pass filter circuit connected to the sixth precision coupling circuit and having a cut-off frequency of h;

[0044] A seventh precision coupling circuit connected to the third high-pass filter circuit and having a passband from g to h;

[0045] Both g and h are preset parameters, and a<c<e<h<g<f<d<b.

[0046] In one embodiment, N=6, and the filter circuit in the sixth gain amplifier circuit includes: a fourth high-pass filter circuit and a fourth low-pass filter circuit;

[0047] The fourth high-pass filter circuit includes a twelfth capacitor, a thirteenth capacitor and a fifth inductor; the fourth low-pass filter circuit includes a sixth inductor, a seventh inductor, an eighth inductor and a fourteenth capacitor;

[0048] The first end of the twelfth capacitor is connected to the input end of the fourth high-pass filter circuit, the second end of the twelfth capacitor is respectively connected to the first end of the thirteenth capacitor and the first end of the fifth inductor, and the connecting end is connected to the output end of the fourth high-pass filter circuit; the second end of the thirteenth capacitor and the second end of the fifth inductor are both grounded;

[0049] The first end of the sixth inductor is connected to the input end of the fourth low-pass filter circuit to be connected to the output end of the fourth high-pass filter circuit, the second end of the sixth inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the seventh inductor, the first end of the eighth inductor and the first end of the fourteenth capacitor; the second end of the seventh inductor and the second end of the fourteenth capacitor are both grounded, and the second end of the eighth inductor is connected to the output end of the fourth low-pass filter circuit.

[0050] In one implementation, the N filter circuits are all RLC narrowband bandpass filter circuits; N is 6, and M is 5.

[0051] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device, including the gain amplification device, the measurement and control transceiver device and the nuclear magnetic resonance sample probe as described above;

[0052] The measurement and control transceiver device is used to: after receiving an instruction, send a nuclear magnetic pulse signal to the nuclear magnetic sample probe through a pulse transmission channel; after the nuclear magnetic sample probe generates a nuclear magnetic resonance signal, receive the amplified and filtered nuclear magnetic resonance signal through the gain amplifier device to realize the collection of nuclear magnetic quantum bit information.

[0053] By applying the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the utility model, the signal can be effectively amplified through the gain amplifier device. Specifically, the gain amplifier device includes the first gain amplifier circuit to the Nth gain amplifier circuit connected in series, which are used to amplify and filter the nuclear magnetic resonance signal emitted from the nuclear magnetic sample probe in sequence, and N is a positive integer not less than 2, so as to effectively improve the amplification factor. In addition, the present application takes into account that when the number of gain amplifier circuits is large, the noise will be large. For this reason, each of the N gain amplifier circuits of the present application includes a gain amplifier and a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier, and in each gain amplifier circuit: the gain amplifier is arranged before the filter circuit, the gain amplifier is used to amplify the received input signal, and the filter circuit is used to filter the nuclear magnetic resonance signal output by the gain amplifier, so that on the basis of achieving a high amplification factor, the noise can be effectively suppressed. Furthermore, the present application also takes into account that the passband bandwidth of the input signal can be gradually reduced. This is because the closer the input signal is to the outside, the weaker the signal is. When the passband width is set wider, the insertion loss is lower, which is conducive to signal amplification. As the signal is amplified more, the passband width is narrowed. Although the insertion loss will be higher, since the signal is stronger at this time, it will not affect the signal strength, and can have a stronger filtering effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a gain amplifier in a specific implementation manner of the utility model;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device in a specific implementation manner of the utility model;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device in another specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0058] Figure 4a It is a structural schematic diagram of a first gain amplifier circuit in a specific implementation mode of the utility model;

[0059] Figure 4b It is a structural schematic diagram of a first gain amplifier circuit in another specific implementation manner of the utility model;

[0060] Figure 5a It is a structural schematic diagram of a second gain amplifier circuit in a specific implementation mode of the utility model;

[0061] Figure 5b It is a structural schematic diagram of a second gain amplifier circuit in another specific implementation manner of the utility model;

[0062] Figure 6a It is a structural schematic diagram of a third gain amplifier circuit in a specific implementation mode of the utility model;

[0063] Figure 6b It is a structural schematic diagram of a third gain amplifier circuit in another specific implementation manner of the utility model;

[0064] Figure 7a It is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth gain amplifier circuit in a specific implementation manner of the utility model;

[0065] Figure 7b It is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth gain amplifier circuit in another specific implementation manner of the utility model;

[0066] Figure 8a It is a structural schematic diagram of a fifth gain amplifier circuit in a specific implementation manner of the utility model;

[0067] Figure 8b It is a structural schematic diagram of a fifth gain amplifier circuit in another specific implementation manner of the utility model;

[0068] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sixth gain amplifier circuit in a specific implementation manner of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The core of the utility model is to provide a gain amplifier and a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device. The gain amplifier can effectively suppress noise on the basis of achieving a high amplification factor.

[0070] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a gain amplifier device in one embodiment of the utility model. The gain amplifier device includes a first gain amplifier circuit to an Nth gain amplifier circuit.

[0072] N is a positive integer not less than 2, the first gain amplifier circuit to the Nth gain amplifier circuit are connected in series in sequence, and each gain amplifier circuit includes a gain amplifier and a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier.

[0073] In one embodiment, the first gain amplifier circuit to the Nth gain amplifier circuit are sequentially connected in series, and are used to sequentially amplify and filter the input signal from the outside, and gradually reduce the passband width of the input signal, wherein N is a positive integer not less than 2;

[0074] Each gain amplifier circuit includes a gain amplifier and a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier, and in each gain amplifier circuit: the gain amplifier is arranged before the filter circuit, the gain amplifier is used to amplify the received input signal, and the filter circuit is used to filter the signal output by the gain amplifier.

[0075] Specifically, the gain amplifier device of the present application should be able to achieve ultra-high gain amplification. For example, in actual applications, the gain amplifier device of the present application achieves an ultra-high gain amplification of 100dB, and the noise coefficient is suppressed within 0.75dB, which far exceeds the parameter level of the same type of single-unit gain RF amplifiers with a maximum gain of 50dB and a noise coefficient of more than 1.0dB on the market.

[0076] In order to achieve ultra-high gain amplification, the gain amplification device includes a first gain amplification circuit to an Nth gain amplification circuit connected in series in sequence, where N is a positive integer not less than 2, thereby effectively improving the amplification factor. For example, in practical applications, N can usually be set to 6 to achieve the ultra-high gain amplification of 100dB required by the present application. Figure 1 N=6 is also taken as an example. It can be understood that when the value of N is large, that is, when the number of gain amplifier circuits is large, the noise will be large. In this regard, each gain amplifier circuit of the present application includes not only a gain amplifier, but also a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier, so that on the basis of achieving an ultra-high amplification factor, the noise can be effectively suppressed to avoid the situation where the signal reflection self-excitation is caused when the gain between the stages of the gain amplifier is too large. In addition, it can be understood that the scheme of the present application should realize the alternating setting of the gain amplifier and the filter circuit, that is, the gain amplifier and the filter in the N gain amplifier circuits are cross-mixed and connected in series. For example, for each gain amplifier circuit in the N gain amplifier circuits, it is necessary to use the gain amplifier in the gain amplifier circuit as an input to connect the device of the previous stage, and use the filter circuit in the gain amplifier circuit as an output to connect the device of the next stage.

[0077] Figure 1 In the embodiment of N=6, and in practical applications, the gain amplifier of the present application can be applied, for example but not limited to, in a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device. The nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device is, for example, a nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computer or a part of a nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computer. For example, the nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device is a medical nuclear magnetic resonance imager or a part of a medical nuclear magnetic resonance imager. For example, the nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device is a nuclear magnetic resonance material analysis device or a part of a nuclear magnetic resonance material analysis device.

[0078] The following is an example of the application of the gain amplifier in a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device. The gain amplifier is used to amplify the nuclear magnetic resonance signal emitted from the nuclear magnetic sample probe, and output the amplified nuclear magnetic resonance signal to the measurement and control transceiver to realize the collection of nuclear magnetic quantum bit information. The gain amplifier includes the first gain amplifier circuit to the Nth gain amplifier circuit, which are connected in series in sequence and are used to amplify and filter the nuclear magnetic resonance signal emitted from the nuclear magnetic sample probe in sequence.

[0079] Each gain amplifier circuit includes a gain amplifier and a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier, and in each gain amplifier circuit: the gain amplifier is arranged before the filter circuit, the gain amplifier is used to amplify the received nuclear magnetic resonance signal, and the filter circuit is used to filter the nuclear magnetic resonance signal output by the gain amplifier.

[0080] The first gain amplifier circuit receives a weak nuclear magnetic resonance signal output from the nuclear magnetic sample probe. The nuclear magnetic resonance signal is a radio frequency signal. The weak nuclear magnetic resonance signal is usually less than 1 millivolt (mV). Figure 1 In the example, the input terminal of the first gain amplifier circuit is marked as RF input, and Figure 1 In the embodiment, the gain amplifiers in the first gain amplifier circuit to the sixth gain amplifier circuit are all low-noise gain amplifiers with a gain of 25 db, and the filter circuit in each gain amplifier circuit is an RLC band-pass filter circuit.

[0081] Figure 1 In the embodiment, after the weak nuclear magnetic resonance signal is amplified by the low-noise gain amplifier with a gain of 25db in the first gain amplifier circuit, the RLC band-pass filter circuit in the first gain amplifier circuit can perform filtering processing, and then it is coupled to the low-noise gain amplifier with a gain of 25db in the second gain amplifier circuit. After the signal is further amplified by the low-noise gain amplifier with a gain of 25db, it is filtered by the RLC band-pass filter circuit in the second gain amplifier circuit, and then it is coupled to the low-noise gain amplifier with a gain of 25db in the third gain amplifier circuit to further amplify the signal, and then it is filtered by the RLC band-pass filter in the third gain amplifier circuit. The signal is further amplified by the 25db gain low noise gain amplifier in the 4th gain amplifier circuit, filtered by the RLC bandpass filter in the 4th gain amplifier circuit, coupled to the 25db gain low noise gain amplifier in the 5th gain amplifier circuit, further amplified by the gain, filtered by the RLC bandpass filter in the 5th gain amplifier circuit, coupled to the 25db gain low noise gain amplifier in the 6th gain amplifier circuit, further amplified by the gain, filtered by the RLC bandpass filter in the 6th gain amplifier circuit, and outputs a 100dB ultra-high gain RF signal, that is, the amplified nuclear magnetic resonance signal, by Figure 1 The RF output port in the apparatus is output, for example, output to a measurement and control transceiver of a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device to realize the collection of nuclear magnetic resonance quantum bit information.

[0082] In addition, Figure 1In the embodiment, the power supply used by each low-noise gain amplifier with a gain of 25 db is 5 V DC, and a capacitor for voltage stabilization is also provided on the power supply line. In other specific implementations, the model setting of each gain amplifier, the specific voltage level setting of the power supply, and the specific model setting of the capacitor for voltage stabilization can all be set and adjusted according to actual needs.

[0083] exist Figure 1 In a specific implementation, a total of 6 levels of gain amplifier circuits are provided, which realize the cross-mixed series connection of 6 levels of 25db gain low-noise gain amplifiers and RLC bandpass filters, which can increase the gain to 100dB without self-excitation, and suppress the noise coefficient within 0.75dB. In other specific implementations, more gain amplifier circuit levels can be set as needed to achieve the same gain or higher gain. Of course, in practical applications, N=6 is the most commonly used implementation method, and N=6 is also used as an example in the following text. In addition, in other implementation methods, attenuators, isolators and other devices can be added between the gain amplifier circuits of each level or inside some gain amplifier circuits as needed, which does not affect the implementation of the utility model, and the required gain amplification factor can be achieved.

[0084] The gain amplifier device of the present application can generally be used in situations where ultra-high gain amplification is required, for example, it can be used in nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing equipment that requires ultra-high gain amplification.

[0085] See also Figure 2 , which is a structural schematic diagram of a nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device in an embodiment of the utility model. The nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device may include: a measurement and control transceiver 10, a nuclear magnetic sample probe 20 and a gain amplifier 30. The gain amplifier 30 may be the gain amplifier 30 in any embodiment of the present application.

[0086] The measurement and control transceiver 10 is used to: after receiving the instruction, send the nuclear magnetic pulse signal to the nuclear magnetic sample probe 20 through the pulse transmission channel; after the nuclear magnetic sample probe 20 generates the nuclear magnetic resonance signal, receive the amplified and filtered nuclear magnetic resonance signal through the gain amplifier 30 to realize the collection of nuclear magnetic quantum bit information.

[0087] The gain amplifier device 30 includes a first gain amplifier circuit to an Nth gain amplifier circuit connected in series in sequence, where N is a positive integer not less than 2, and each gain amplifier circuit includes a gain amplifier and a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier.

[0088] Specifically, the measurement and control transceiver 10 of the present application can realize the processing of quantum bits, that is, it can process the nuclear magnetic quantum bits carried in the nuclear magnetic resonance signal. Figure 3 The measurement and control transceiver device 10 can, for example but not limited to, receive instructions sent by the host computer through a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface, and then send the nuclear magnetic pulse signal to the nuclear magnetic sample probe 20 through the pulse transmission channel. Figure 3 In the specific implementation, a transceiver channel switch is provided, that is, the nuclear magnetic pulse signal is specifically sent to the nuclear magnetic sample probe 20 through the transceiver channel switch. The nuclear magnetic pulse signal can produce nuclear magnetic resonance with the permanent magnets at both ends of the nuclear magnetic sample probe 20 and the chemical substances in the sample tube, thereby generating a weak nuclear magnetic resonance signal. For example, in practical applications, the generated nuclear magnetic resonance signal is usually below 1mV and cannot be directly recognized by the measurement and control transceiver 10, so it is necessary to use the gain amplifier 30 to achieve ultra-high gain amplification.

[0089] After the nuclear magnetic resonance sample probe 20 generates a nuclear magnetic resonance signal, the measurement and control transceiver 10 can be controlled to make Figure 3 The transceiver channel switch in the apparatus is switched from the pulse transmission channel to the receiving channel. At this time, after the weak nuclear magnetic resonance signal passes through the transceiver channel switch, it is amplified and filtered by the gain amplifier 30, and can be fed back to the measurement and control transceiver 10, and then the nuclear magnetic resonance data is demodulated by the measurement and control transceiver 10, and then displayed through the human-machine interface of the host computer.

[0090] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the N filter circuits are all narrowband bandpass filter circuits, and there are M different passband widths in the N filter circuits. The M different passband widths gradually decrease as they are away from the device that generates the external input signal. For example, the M different passband widths gradually decrease as they are away from the nuclear magnetic resonance sample probe 20; wherein M is a positive integer and M≤N.

[0091] Optionally, N is 6 and M is 5.

[0092] As described above, the solution of the present application achieves ultra-high gain and does not produce self-excitation of the gain amplifier by cross-mixing and serially connecting a multi-stage 25db gain low-noise gain amplifier and an RLC bandpass filter, thereby effectively suppressing noise. And this implementation further takes into account that for the N filter circuits, they can all be narrow-band bandpass filter circuits, and the passband width can be gradually narrowed. This is because the closer to the nuclear magnetic sample probe 20, the weaker the signal. When the passband width is set wider, the insertion loss is lower, which is conducive to signal amplification. The closer to the measurement and control transceiver 10, the greater the signal is amplified. The passband width is narrowed. Although the insertion loss will be higher, since the signal is stronger at this time, it will not affect the signal strength, and a stronger filtering effect can be achieved.

[0093] For example, for the above Figure 1 In the implementation method, the six filter circuits are all bandpass filter circuits, and the filter circuits in the six gain amplifier circuits can be set to gradually narrow the passband width in the order of the first gain amplifier circuit to the sixth gain amplifier circuit, so as to effectively achieve signal amplification and achieve a good filtering effect. In short, the closer to the measurement and control transceiver 10, the narrower the filtered waveform should be, which is more conducive to achieving a good filtering effect.

[0094] In a specific implementation of the present invention, the N filter circuits can all be RLC narrowband bandpass filter circuits, which is easy to implement and can achieve a good narrowband filtering effect. And as described above, N can be set to 6 and M to 5.

[0095] In a specific implementation of the present utility model, the filter circuit in the first gain amplifier circuit includes:

[0096] A first precision high-pass coupling circuit 41 with a cut-off frequency a;

[0097] A first impedance matching circuit 42 connected to the first precision high-pass coupling circuit 41 for performing output limiting;

[0098] A first low-pass filter circuit 43 connected to the first impedance matching circuit 42 and having a cut-off frequency b;

[0099] A first precision coupling circuit 44 connected to the first low-pass filter circuit 43 and having a passband from a to b;

[0100] a and b are both preset parameters, and a<b.

[0101] See also Figure 4a , is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first gain amplifier circuit in a specific implementation manner. In this implementation manner, the first precise high-pass coupling circuit 41 refers to a circuit that allows the components therein to accurately reach the required values, so that the first precise high-pass coupling circuit 41 can reach a precise cut-off frequency a, and the first precise high-pass coupling circuit 41 with a cut-off frequency a and the first low-pass filter circuit 43 with a cut-off frequency b can achieve a band-pass filtering effect, and as described above, in actual applications, a to b can be a wider passband range.

[0102] The first impedance matching circuit 42 is used for output limiting. The specific limiting effect can be set and adjusted based on the input amplitude limit of the subsequent gain amplifier, so that the output of this stage will not exceed the amplitude limit of the subsequent input level, thereby avoiding reflection and howling caused by overload input of the subsequent gain amplifier.

[0103] The specific circuit structures of the first precise high-pass coupling circuit 41 , the first impedance matching circuit 42 , the first low-pass filtering circuit 43 and the first precise coupling circuit 44 can be set and adjusted as needed.

[0104] For example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4b , the first precision high-pass coupling circuit 41 may specifically include: a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a third capacitor C3;

[0105] The first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the input end of the first precision high-pass coupling circuit 41 and is connected to the output end of the gain amplifier in the first gain amplifier circuit, that is, Figure 4b In the RF input marked in the figure, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the first end of the third capacitor C3 respectively, the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second end of the third capacitor C3 and the connecting end is connected to the output end of the first precise high-pass coupling circuit 41.

[0106] In this implementation, a three-point precise high-pass coupling circuit is formed by the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3, so that the equivalent capacitance value after the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are combined can accurately reach the required value, so that the cutoff frequency of the first precise high-pass coupling circuit 41 can accurately meet the designed value a, and in actual applications, since the capacitance value of the produced capacitor is usually relatively fixed and may not be exactly the required accurate capacitance value, therefore, in this implementation, the flexibility of the scheme is improved by the coordination of the three capacitors, so that the equivalent capacitance of the three capacitors can more conveniently and accurately reach the required value.

[0107] In a specific implementation of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4b , the first impedance matching circuit 42 may specifically include a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6;

[0108] The first end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, the first end of the third resistor R3 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4, and the connecting end is connected to the input end of the first impedance matching circuit 42; the second end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4, the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and the first end of the sixth resistor R6, and the connecting end is connected to the output end of the first impedance matching circuit 42; the second end of the first resistor R1, the second end of the second resistor R2, the second end of the fifth resistor R5 and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 are all grounded.

[0109] In this embodiment, the first impedance matching circuit 42 is specifically a π-type attenuator circuit, and the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in parallel, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected in parallel, and the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are connected in parallel, which improves the flexibility of the implementation of the present application, that is, the required accurate resistance value can be more flexibly achieved through the parallel connection of resistors, and it can be understood that in some occasions, the required accurate resistance value can be achieved through a combination of series and parallel connection of resistors.

[0110] In a specific implementation of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4b The first low-pass filter circuit 43 may include a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, a first inductor L1, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, a second inductor L2 and a third inductor L3.

[0111] A first end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to a first end of the first inductor L1 and a connecting end is connected to an input end of the first low-pass filter circuit 43; a second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is respectively connected to a second end of the first inductor L1, a first end of the fifth capacitor C5 and a first end of the sixth capacitor C6;

[0112] The second end of the fifth capacitor C5 is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth capacitor C6, the first end of the second inductor L2, the first end of the third inductor L3, the first end of the seventh capacitor C7 and the first end of the eighth capacitor C8, and the connecting ends are connected to the output end of the first low-pass filter circuit 43; the second end of the second inductor L2, the second end of the third inductor L3, the second end of the seventh capacitor C7 and the second end of the eighth capacitor C8 are all grounded.

[0113] In this embodiment, low-pass filtering is achieved through the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the sixth capacitor C6 and the first inductor L1. This circuit structure can achieve precise low-pass filtering, that is, through the numerical setting of the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the sixth capacitor C6 and the first inductor L1, the cutoff frequency can accurately reach the set value b, and this structure has a lower insertion loss, which is beneficial to ensure that signals in the passband range of a to b can pass effectively, which is beneficial to achieve signal amplification and avoid excessive signal loss.

[0114] In this implementation, on the basis of achieving precise low-pass filtering effect through the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the sixth capacitor C6 and the first inductor L1, the low-pass filtering is enhanced by setting the seventh capacitor C7, the eighth capacitor C8, the second inductor L2 and the third inductor L3 to further filter out noise with a frequency higher than b.

[0115] In practical applications, by setting the values ​​of the seventh capacitor C7, the eighth capacitor C8, the second inductor L2 and the third inductor L3, the cut-off frequency can accurately reach the required value b, thereby cooperating with the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the sixth capacitor C6 and the first inductor L1 to enhance the effect of low-pass filtering. In addition, in this implementation, the low-pass filter structure composed of the seventh capacitor C7, the eighth capacitor C8, the second inductor L2 and the third inductor L3 also has a lower insertion loss.

[0116] In a specific implementation of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4b , the first precision coupling circuit 44 may include a ninth capacitor C9 and a tenth capacitor C10;

[0117] The first end of the ninth capacitor C9 is connected to the first end of the tenth capacitor C10, and the connecting end is connected to the input end of the first precision coupling circuit 44. The second end of the ninth capacitor C9 is connected to the second end of the tenth capacitor C10, and the connecting end is connected to the output end of the first precision coupling circuit 44 to connect to the input end of the gain amplifier in the second gain amplifier circuit.

[0118] The passband of the first precision coupling circuit 44 is from a to b, forming a precise coupling output, further suppressing the noise with a frequency outside the range of a to b. The first precision coupling circuit 44 is formed by the ninth capacitor C9 and the tenth capacitor C10 connected in parallel. The parallel connection of the capacitors can more conveniently and flexibly achieve the required equivalent capacitance value to achieve precise coupling output and form a passband input requirement that meets the requirements of the next-stage gain amplifier.

[0119] Figure 4b In the embodiment, the output end of the first precision coupling circuit 44 is also the output end of the filter circuit in the first gain amplifier circuit. Figure 4b The filtering effect is shown at this position in FIG. 1 . It can be seen that after being filtered by the filtering circuit in the first gain amplifier circuit, the obtained signal is wider, that is, the passband from a to b is wider.

[0120] In a specific implementation of the present invention, please refer to Figure 5a , the filtering circuit in the second gain amplifier circuit may include:

[0121] A second precision coupling circuit 51 with a passband from a to b;

[0122] A first high-pass filter circuit 52 connected to the second precision coupling circuit 51 and having a cut-off frequency a;

[0123] A third precision coupling circuit 53 connected to the first high-pass filter circuit 52 and having a passband from a to b;

[0124] a and b are both preset parameters, and a<b.

[0125] In this implementation, the passband of the filter circuit in the second gain amplifier circuit is still a to b, that is, the filter circuit in the second gain amplifier circuit in this implementation achieves an enhanced filtering effect, but does not narrow the passband range.

[0126] The specific circuit structures of the second precise coupling circuit 51, the first high-pass filter circuit 52 and the third precise coupling circuit 53 can be set and adjusted according to actual needs. For example, in a specific implementation of the present invention, please refer to Figure 5b In this embodiment, the second precise coupling circuit 51 and the third precise coupling circuit 53 can both be formed by two capacitors connected in parallel, which can conveniently and flexibly achieve the required equivalent capacitance value to achieve a precise range of a to b, that is, to achieve precise coupling output.

[0127] Figure 5b In the embodiment, the first high-pass filter circuit 52 includes two inductors and two capacitors. By reasonably setting the values ​​of the two inductors and the two capacitors, the first high-pass filter circuit 52 in this implementation can accurately implement high-pass filtering with a cutoff frequency of a, and the first high-pass filter circuit 52 in this implementation has a lower insertion loss.

[0128] In a specific implementation of the present utility model, please refer to Figure 6a , the filter circuit in the third gain amplifier circuit may specifically include:

[0129] A fourth precision coupling circuit 61 with a passband from c to d;

[0130] A second impedance matching circuit 62 connected to the fourth precision coupling circuit 61 and used for output limiting;

[0131] A second low-pass filter circuit 63 connected to the second impedance matching circuit 62 and having a cut-off frequency of d;

[0132] A fifth precision coupling circuit 64 connected to the second low-pass filter circuit 63 and having a passband from c to d;

[0133] c and d are both preset parameters, and a<c<d<b.

[0134] In this embodiment, the filter circuit in the third gain amplifier circuit narrows the passband, that is, the passband from a to b in the previous stage is narrowed to the passband from c to d.

[0135] In this implementation, the fourth precision coupling circuit 61, the second low-pass filter circuit 63 and the fifth precision coupling circuit 64 achieve a bandpass filtering effect, and as described above, the passband from a to b of the previous stage is narrowed to a passband from c to d.

[0136] In this embodiment, the second low-pass filter circuit 63 performs a precise low-pass filtering effect to accurately and effectively filter out noise with a frequency higher than d. The fourth precise coupling circuit 61 and the fifth precise coupling circuit 64 perform a precise bandpass coupling effect, further enhancing the filtering effect.

[0137] Similar to the first impedance matching circuit 42 mentioned above, the second impedance matching circuit 62 in this embodiment is used for output limiting. The specific limiting effect can be set and adjusted based on the input amplitude limit of the subsequent gain amplifier, so that the output of this stage will not exceed the amplitude limit of the subsequent input level, thereby avoiding reflection and howling caused by overload input of the subsequent gain amplifier.

[0138] The specific circuit structures of the fourth precision coupling circuit 61, the second impedance matching circuit 62, the second low-pass filter circuit 63 and the fifth precision coupling circuit 64 can be set and adjusted as needed. Figure 6b The specific structure is set, and it can be seen that Figure 6b The specific structure of the filter circuit in the third gain amplifier circuit shown is the same as that in the above Figure 4b The specific structure of the filter circuit in the first gain amplifier circuit shown in the specific implementation mode is consistent, but it can be understood that since the passband needs to be narrowed, Figure 6b The specific parameter values ​​of the devices in Figure 4b The specific parameter values ​​of the devices in the system may vary greatly.

[0139] In a specific implementation of the present invention, please refer to Figure 7a , the filter circuit in the fourth gain amplifier circuit may specifically include:

[0140] A third impedance matching circuit 71 for output limiting;

[0141] A third low-pass filter circuit 72 connected to the third impedance matching circuit 71, with a cut-off frequency of f, wherein the third low-pass filter circuit 72 includes a fourth inductor L4 and an eleventh capacitor C11, wherein a first end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected to an input end of the third low-pass filter circuit 72, a second end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected to a first end of the eleventh capacitor C11, and a second end of the eleventh capacitor C11 is connected to an output end of the third low-pass filter circuit 72;

[0142] A second high-pass filter circuit 73 connected to the third low-pass filter circuit 72 and having a cut-off frequency of e;

[0143] Both e and f are preset parameters, and a<c<e<f<d<b.

[0144] In this embodiment, a bandpass filtering effect is achieved through the second high-pass filter circuit 73 with a cutoff frequency of e and the third low-pass filter circuit 72 with a cutoff frequency of f, and as described above, the passband from c to d of the previous stage is narrowed to a passband from e to f.

[0145] In this implementation, the second high-pass filter circuit 73 performs precise high-pass filtering to effectively filter out noise with a frequency lower than e. The third low-pass filter circuit 72 can filter out noise with a frequency higher than f.

[0146] Similar to the first impedance matching circuit 42 and the second impedance matching circuit 62 mentioned above, the third impedance matching circuit 71 in this embodiment is used for output limiting, and the specific limiting effect can be set and adjusted based on the input amplitude limit of the subsequent gain amplifier, so that reflection and howling of the gain amplifier will not occur.

[0147] In addition, please refer to Figure 7b In this implementation, the third low-pass filter circuit 72 is specifically composed of a fourth inductor L4 and an eleventh capacitor C11. By using this LC low-pass filter circuit, the required cut-off frequency f can be achieved more conveniently. In addition, this implementation takes into account that the signal amplitude is already high at this time, so an LC low-pass filter circuit with a stronger filtering effect can be used to achieve low-pass filtering and improve the filtering effect.

[0148] Figure 7b In the figure, the third impedance matching circuit 71 is a π-type precise impedance matching circuit, and a coupling capacitor is arranged therein, and the second high-pass filter circuit 73 is composed of 2 inductors and 3 capacitors. In other specific embodiments, the third impedance matching circuit 71, the third low-pass filter circuit 72 and the second high-pass filter circuit 73 can be set to other circuit structures as needed.

[0149] In a specific implementation of the present utility model, N can be set to 6, and the filter circuit in the fifth gain amplifier circuit can include:

[0150] A notch filter 81 for suppressing the second harmonic of the main wave;

[0151] A sixth precision coupling circuit 82 connected to the notch filter 81 and having a passband from g to h;

[0152] A third high-pass filter circuit 83 with a cutoff frequency of h connected to the sixth precision coupling circuit 82;

[0153] A seventh precision coupling circuit 84 is connected to the third high-pass filter circuit 83 and has a passband from g to h.

[0154] See also Figure 8a In this embodiment, although each gain amplifier circuit of the present application is provided with a filter circuit to effectively suppress noise, the gain amplifier in each gain amplifier circuit will also generate noise, especially when the nuclear magnetic resonance signal has been amplified to a large extent, a more obvious second harmonic of the main wave may be generated, and this embodiment takes into account that if the second harmonic is suppressed in the last gain amplifier circuit, that is, if N=6, the second harmonic is suppressed in the sixth gain amplifier circuit, since the signal has been amplified very high, it will be difficult to obtain the best suppression effect. In this regard, in this embodiment, considering the best suppression position, the second harmonic is suppressed in the second-to-last gain amplifier circuit. Since N=6, in this embodiment, a notch filter 81 for suppressing the second harmonic of the main wave is provided in the filter circuit in the fifth gain amplifier circuit to achieve the best suppression effect.

[0155] In this implementation, the passband is further narrowed by setting the sixth precision coupling circuit 82, the third high-pass filter circuit 83 and the seventh precision coupling circuit 84, that is, the passband from e to f of the previous stage is narrowed to the passband from g to h. Both g and h are preset parameters, and a<c<e<h<g<f<d<b.

[0156] The specific circuit structures of the notch filter 81, the sixth precision coupling circuit 82, the third high-pass filter circuit 83 and the seventh precision coupling circuit 84 in this embodiment can be set and adjusted according to actual needs. For example, in one case, the notch filter 81 is composed of a series inductor and a capacitor, one end of which is grounded and the other end is connected to the input end of the filter circuit in the fifth gain amplifier circuit and the input end of the sixth precision coupling circuit 82. Figure 8b In the embodiment, the trap 81 is composed of an inductor and a capacitor connected in series, the second end of the capacitor is grounded, the first end of the capacitor is connected to the second end of the inductor, the first end of the inductor is connected to the input end of the sixth precision coupling circuit 82, and is connected to the input end of the filter circuit in the fifth gain amplifier circuit.

[0157] Figure 8bThe sixth precision coupling circuit 82 and the seventh precision coupling circuit 84 are both formed by two capacitors in parallel to achieve precise coupling, that is, the required equivalent capacitance can accurately reach the required value so as to achieve a precise band-pass coupling effect. The third high-pass filter circuit 83 is composed of two inductors and two capacitors, and has the same structure as the first high-pass filter circuit 52 in the above embodiment, but it can be understood that there will be very large differences in parameter settings.

[0158] In a specific implementation of the present utility model, N=6, and the filter circuit in the sixth gain amplifier circuit includes: a fourth high-pass filter circuit 91 and a fourth low-pass filter circuit 92;

[0159] The fourth high-pass filter circuit 91 includes a twelfth capacitor C12, a thirteenth capacitor C13 and a fifth inductor L5; the fourth low-pass filter circuit includes a sixth inductor L6, a seventh inductor L7, an eighth inductor L8 and a fourteenth capacitor C14;

[0160] A first end of the twelfth capacitor C12 is connected to an input end of the fourth high-pass filter circuit 91, a second end of the twelfth capacitor C12 is respectively connected to a first end of the thirteenth capacitor C13 and a first end of the fifth inductor L5, and a connecting end is connected to an output end of the fourth high-pass filter circuit 91; a second end of the thirteenth capacitor C13 and a second end of the fifth inductor L5 are both grounded;

[0161] The first end of the sixth inductor L6 is connected to the input end of the fourth low-pass filter circuit 92 to be connected to the output end of the fourth high-pass filter circuit 91, and the second end of the sixth inductor L6 is respectively connected to the first end of the seventh inductor L7, the first end of the eighth inductor L8 and the first end of the fourteenth capacitor C14; the second end of the seventh inductor L7 and the second end of the fourteenth capacitor C14 are both grounded, and the second end of the eighth inductor L8 is connected to the output end of the fourth low-pass filter circuit 92.

[0162] In this embodiment, the filter circuit in the sixth gain amplifier circuit includes a fourth high-pass filter circuit 91 and a fourth low-pass filter circuit 92, and in practical applications, the passband is usually further narrowed. For example, in one case, the passband from g to h of the previous stage is narrowed to a passband from i to j, where i is the cutoff frequency of the fourth high-pass filter circuit 91 and j is the cutoff frequency of the fourth low-pass filter circuit 92. It can be understood that i and j are both preset parameters, and a<c<e<h<i<j<g<f<d<b.

[0163] And in this implementation mode, please refer to Fig. 9, the fourth high-pass filter circuit 91 is specifically composed of a twelfth capacitor C12, a thirteenth capacitor C13 and a fifth inductor L5. The fourth low-pass filter circuit 92 is specifically composed of a sixth inductor L6, a seventh inductor L7, an eighth inductor L8 and a fourteenth capacitor C14, forming a T-shaped precise steep low-pass filter circuit. The fourth high-pass filter circuit 91 and the fourth low-pass filter circuit 92 in this embodiment can effectively narrow the passband, so that the final output is a very steep signal with a very strong noise suppression effect, but with a large insertion loss. However, since the signal has been amplified to a high level at this time, it will not have too serious an impact on the amplification factor.

[0164] By applying the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the utility model, the signal can be effectively amplified through the gain amplifier device. Specifically, the gain amplifier device includes the first gain amplifier circuit to the Nth gain amplifier circuit connected in series, which are used to amplify and filter the nuclear magnetic resonance signal emitted from the nuclear magnetic sample probe in sequence, and N is a positive integer not less than 2, so as to effectively improve the amplification factor. In addition, the present application takes into account that when the number of gain amplifier circuits is large, the noise will be large. For this reason, each of the N gain amplifier circuits of the present application includes a gain amplifier and a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier, and in each gain amplifier circuit: the gain amplifier is arranged before the filter circuit, the gain amplifier is used to amplify the received input signal, and the filter circuit is used to filter the nuclear magnetic resonance signal output by the gain amplifier, so that on the basis of achieving a high amplification factor, the noise can be effectively suppressed. Furthermore, the present application also takes into account that the passband bandwidth of the input signal can be gradually reduced. This is because the closer the input signal is to the outside, the weaker the signal is. When the passband width is set wider, the insertion loss is lower, which is conducive to signal amplification. As the signal is amplified more, the passband width is narrowed. Although the insertion loss will be higher, since the signal is stronger at this time, it will not affect the signal strength, and can have a stronger filtering effect.

[0165] It should also be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article or device including the elements.

[0166] Those skilled in the art may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present utility model.

[0167] The present application uses specific examples to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present utility model. The above examples are only used to help understand the technical solution and core ideas of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, the present utility model can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A gain amplifier device, characterized in that: include: A first gain amplifier circuit to an Nth gain amplifier circuit, wherein the first gain amplifier circuit to the Nth gain amplifier circuit are sequentially connected in series, and are used to sequentially amplify and filter an input signal from the outside, and gradually reduce a passband width of the input signal, wherein N is a positive integer not less than 2; Each gain amplifier circuit includes a gain amplifier and a filter circuit connected in series with the gain amplifier, and in each gain amplifier circuit: the gain amplifier is arranged before the filter circuit, the gain amplifier is used to amplify the received input signal, and the filter circuit is used to filter the signal output by the gain amplifier.

2. The gain amplifier device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The N filter circuits are all narrow-band pass filter circuits, and there are M different passband widths in the N filter circuits, and the M different passband widths gradually become smaller as they are away from the device that generates the external input signal; wherein M is a positive integer and M≤N.

3. The gain amplifier device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter circuit in the first gain amplifier circuit comprises: A first precision high-pass coupling circuit with a cutoff frequency a; A first impedance matching circuit connected to the first precision high-pass coupling circuit and used for output limiting; A first low-pass filter circuit connected to the first impedance matching circuit and having a cut-off frequency b; A first precision coupling circuit connected to the first low-pass filter circuit and having a passband from a to b; a and b are both preset parameters, and a<b.

4. The gain amplifier device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first precision high-pass coupling circuit includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor; The first end of the first capacitor is connected to the input end of the first precision high-pass coupling circuit to be connected to the output end of the gain amplifier in the first gain amplifier circuit, the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the third capacitor respectively, the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the second end of the third capacitor and the connection end is connected to the output end of the first precision high-pass coupling circuit; The first impedance matching circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; The first end of the first resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor, and the connection end is connected to the input end of the first impedance matching circuit; the second end of the third resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, the first end of the fifth resistor and the first end of the sixth resistor, and the connection end is connected to the output end of the first impedance matching circuit; the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the second resistor, the second end of the fifth resistor and the second end of the sixth resistor are all grounded.

5. The gain amplifier device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first low-pass filter circuit includes a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a first inductor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a second inductor and a third inductor; The first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the first end of the first inductor and the connecting end is connected to the input end of the first low-pass filter circuit; the second end of the fourth capacitor is respectively connected to the second end of the first inductor, the first end of the fifth capacitor and the first end of the sixth capacitor; The second end of the fifth capacitor is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth capacitor, the first end of the second inductor, the first end of the third inductor, the first end of the seventh capacitor and the first end of the eighth capacitor, and the connection end is connected to the output end of the first low-pass filter circuit; the second end of the second inductor, the second end of the third inductor, the second end of the seventh capacitor and the second end of the eighth capacitor are all grounded; The first precision coupling circuit includes a ninth capacitor and a tenth capacitor; The first end of the ninth capacitor is connected to the first end of the tenth capacitor and the connecting end is connected to the input end of the first precision coupling circuit. The second end of the ninth capacitor is connected to the second end of the tenth capacitor and the connecting end is connected to the output end of the first precision coupling circuit to connect to the input end of the gain amplifier in the second gain amplifier circuit.

6. The gain amplifier device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter circuit in the second gain amplifier circuit includes: A second precision coupling circuit having a passband from a to b; A first high-pass filter circuit connected to the second precision coupling circuit and having a cut-off frequency a; A third precision coupling circuit connected to the first high-pass filter circuit and having a passband from a to b; a and b are both preset parameters, and a<b.

7. The gain amplifier device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filter circuit in the third gain amplifier circuit includes: a fourth precision coupling circuit having a passband from c to d; A second impedance matching circuit connected to the fourth precision coupling circuit and used for output limiting; A second low-pass filter circuit connected to the second impedance matching circuit and having a cut-off frequency d; A fifth precision coupling circuit connected to the second low-pass filter circuit and having a passband from c to d; c and d are both preset parameters, and a<c<d<b.

8. The gain amplifier device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The filter circuit in the fourth gain amplifier circuit includes: a third impedance matching circuit for output limiting; A third low-pass filter circuit connected to the third impedance matching circuit and having a cut-off frequency of f, wherein the third low-pass filter circuit comprises a fourth inductor and an eleventh capacitor, wherein a first end of the fourth inductor is connected to an input end of the third low-pass filter circuit, a second end of the fourth inductor is connected to a first end of the eleventh capacitor, and a second end of the eleventh capacitor is connected to an output end of the third low-pass filter circuit; A second high-pass filter circuit connected to the third low-pass filter circuit, with a cut-off frequency of e; Both e and f are preset parameters, and a<c<e<f<d<b.

9. The gain amplifier device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filter circuit in the fifth gain amplifier circuit includes: A notch filter for suppressing the second harmonic of the main wave; A sixth precision coupling circuit connected to the wave trap and having a passband from g to h; A third high-pass filter circuit connected to the sixth precision coupling circuit and having a cut-off frequency of h; A seventh precision coupling circuit connected to the third high-pass filter circuit and having a passband from g to h; Both g and h are preset parameters, and a<c<e<h<g<f<d<b.

10. The gain amplifier device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: N=6, and the filter circuit in the sixth gain amplifier circuit includes: a fourth high-pass filter circuit and a fourth low-pass filter circuit; The fourth high-pass filter circuit includes a twelfth capacitor, a thirteenth capacitor and a fifth inductor; the fourth low-pass filter circuit includes a sixth inductor, a seventh inductor, an eighth inductor and a fourteenth capacitor; The first end of the twelfth capacitor is connected to the input end of the fourth high-pass filter circuit, the second end of the twelfth capacitor is respectively connected to the first end of the thirteenth capacitor and the first end of the fifth inductor, and the connecting end is connected to the output end of the fourth high-pass filter circuit; the second end of the thirteenth capacitor and the second end of the fifth inductor are both grounded; The first end of the sixth inductor is connected to the input end of the fourth low-pass filter circuit to be connected to the output end of the fourth high-pass filter circuit, the second end of the sixth inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the seventh inductor, the first end of the eighth inductor and the first end of the fourteenth capacitor; the second end of the seventh inductor and the second end of the fourteenth capacitor are both grounded, and the second end of the eighth inductor is connected to the output end of the fourth low-pass filter circuit.

11. The gain amplifier device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The N filter circuits are all RLC narrowband bandpass filter circuits; N is 6, and M is 5.

12. A nuclear magnetic resonance signal processing device, characterized in that: It comprises a gain amplifier device, a measurement and control transceiver device and a nuclear magnetic sample probe as described in any one of claims 1 to 11; The measurement and control transceiver device is used to: after receiving an instruction, send a nuclear magnetic pulse signal to the nuclear magnetic sample probe through a pulse transmission channel; after the nuclear magnetic sample probe generates a nuclear magnetic resonance signal, receive the amplified and filtered nuclear magnetic resonance signal through the gain amplifier device to realize the collection of nuclear magnetic quantum bit information.

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