Clamp for adduction clamping of aluminum shell of speed changer in vertical milling machining

Abstract

The utility model discloses a clamp for adduction clamping of a transmission aluminum shell in vertical milling, which relates to the field of machining clamps and comprises a machine tool surface, a support frame is fixedly connected above the machine tool surface through bolts and nuts, a middle adduction clamping mechanism is arranged in the middle of the support frame, and a left adduction clamping mechanism and a right adduction clamping mechanism are arranged on two sides of the support frame. The middle adduction clamping mechanism comprises a middle air cylinder and a pressure head frame; the left-right inward-retracting clamping mechanism comprises an outer side air cylinder, a lever, an inclined pressing fixing disc and an inclined pressing hook, and squeezing parts are further arranged on the two sides of the front portion of the supporting frame. The clamp design comprises a middle and left and right inward-retracting clamping mechanisms, and it is ensured that a workpiece is kept fixed in the machining process. By means of the round hole and the special shape of the workpiece, the protruding structure and the lateral squeezing structure are arranged, and the workpiece is prevented from moving. A height positioning block is arranged at the bottom of a processing part to reduce vibration influence. The clamp is matched with a machine tool surface through a T-shaped groove to achieve accurate positioning, and a supporting frame bottom plate is fixed through bolts and nuts to resist machining disturbance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical processing fixtures, in particular to a fixture for clamping an aluminum shell of a transmission through vertical milling. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 1 The product shown is a die-cast aluminum engine housing for a certain type of car. It needs to be fine-machined in multiple places. Due to the large quantity and high quality requirements, it requires fast clamping, reliable positioning, stability during processing, and a processing cycle of less than 120 seconds. In addition, it is also required that when the fixture is changed, it must be connected to the machine bed quickly and accurately, and the length direction must be parallel to the lateral movement of the machine tool without the need for table adjustment. In order to achieve this goal, the structural characteristics of the workpiece to be processed are used to set an inward clamping structure, so that the clamping structure avoids a large area of ​​processing area, and a large-size tool can be used to complete the processing in one go, thereby ensuring the flatness requirements of the processed area. Therefore, a special fixture is designed to assist processing and improve efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a clamp for clamping the aluminum housing of a transmission during vertical milling, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: including a machine tool bed surface, the top of the machine tool bed surface is fixedly connected to a support frame by bolts and nuts, a middle inward clamping mechanism is provided in the middle of the support frame, and left and right inward clamping mechanisms are provided on both sides of the support frame, the middle inward clamping mechanism includes a middle cylinder and a pressure head frame; the left and right inward clamping mechanisms include an outer cylinder, a lever, an oblique pressing fixing plate and an oblique pressing hook, and clamping parts are also provided on both sides of the front of the support frame.

[0005] Furthermore: the upper part of the intermediate cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper part of the support frame, the head of the intermediate cylinder and the pressure head frame are interconnected through a connecting screw, and the pressure head frame includes a movable support, a pressure claw and a fixed seat.

[0006] Preferably, the pressing claws are distributed around the movable support and connected via a pin, the lower part of the fixed seat is fixed on the upper part of the support frame, and the middle part of the pressing claws is also interconnected with the fixed seat via a pin.

[0007] Preferably, a spherical nut and a spherical pad are respectively provided on the upper and lower parts of the movable support.

[0008] Further: the upper part of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper part of the support frame, a connecting head is provided between the head of the outer cylinder and the lever, the middle part of the lever is connected to the support frame through a middle support, the lower part of the oblique pressing fixing plate is fixed to the support frame, and the oblique pressing hooks are distributed around the head bracket of the lever.

[0009] Preferably, a strip hole is provided in the middle of the oblique pressing hook, a guide round pin is passed through the strip hole, and the guide round pin is fixedly connected to the oblique pressing fixing plate for guiding purpose.

[0010] Further: the clamping part includes a clamping cylinder and a clamping fixing seat, the head of the clamping cylinder is provided with a clamping wedge, the inside of the clamping fixing seat is provided with a clamping head, the inclined surface of the clamping wedge is fitted with the rear end of the clamping head, and a limit screw is provided above the clamping fixing seat.

[0011] The bottom plate positioning column set on the fixture is precisely matched with the machine bed surface, and the protruding positioning key is precisely matched with the T-slot of the machine bed surface to achieve precise horizontal positioning. The positioning structure is set by taking advantage of the unique geometric characteristics of the workpiece to ensure the consistency and accuracy of each clamping. The workpiece is clamped by a cylinder, and the characteristic of the cylinder always maintaining the clamping force is used to ensure that the clamping force of the workpiece is sufficient at any time during the processing. On the basis of cylinder clamping, a structure that can be retracted when loosened is set, which is called an inward clamping structure, and clamping is performed using the through hole position on the product.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] 1. Two cylinder clamping structures (middle, left and right inward clamping mechanisms) are set up. The purpose is to ensure that the workpiece positioning surface is against the positioning surface of the fixture and always maintain a certain clamping force during the processing. Using the three circular holes on the workpiece, three inward clamping structures are set up. The left and right two are the same. Due to the small space, they are driven by cylinders and levers, and the middle one is directly driven by cylinders;

[0014] 2. Taking advantage of the special shape of the workpiece, a raised structure is set at the height positioning block at the appropriate position. This positioning block can be called a lateral positioning block (limiting function). The raised structure prevents the workpiece from moving sideways during the processing. In order to overcome the disturbance during the processing, the workpiece is always close to the lateral positioning block and is placed at the appropriate position on the opposite side. A lateral squeezing structure is also set, and the squeezing direction of the squeezing head is not parallel to the fixture mainboard, but is set at an angle of three degrees to the furniture mainboard to ensure that the workpiece does not warp during squeezing;

[0015] 3. Reasonable positioning of the workpiece is one of the prerequisites for ensuring machining accuracy. From the analysis of the machining parts, it can be concluded that all planes need to be machined. In order to minimize the impact of machining vibration, according to the principle of positioning the machining parts as close as possible, multiple height positioning blocks (limiting function) are set at the bottom of the machining parts to avoid the impact of machining vibration as much as possible;

[0016] 4. The protruding positioning key is precisely matched with the T-slot on the machine bed to achieve precise horizontal positioning;

[0017] 5. The evenly distributed fixing bolts and nuts cooperate with the T-block below to fix the bottom plate of the support frame on the machine tool bed to resist disturbance during processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the workpiece product structure;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a top view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of AA section view;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of BB;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of CC;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of DD;

[0025] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of point E;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of point F;

[0027] Fig.10 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of point G;

[0028] Fig.11 It is a working schematic diagram of the middle inward clamping mechanism;

[0029] Fig.12 It is a working diagram of the left and right inward clamping mechanism.

[0030] In the figure: 1, machine bed, 2, support frame, 3, bolts and nuts, 4, workpiece, 5, middle inward clamping mechanism, 6, left and right inward clamping mechanism, 7, squeezing part, 8, height positioning block, 9, positioning key, 10, T-block, 51, middle cylinder, 52, connecting screw, 53, pressure head frame, 54, spherical nut, 55, spherical pad, 531, movable support, 532, pressure claw, 533, fixed seat, 61, outer cylinder, 62, connecting head, 63, lever, 64, middle support, 65, oblique pressing fixing plate, 66, oblique pressing hook, 67, head bracket, 68, guide round pin, 71, squeezing cylinder, 72, squeezing fixing seat, 73, squeezing wedge, 74, squeezing head, 75, limit screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be described below based on the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. However, it is worth noting that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the detailed description of the present invention below, some specific details are described in detail. However, for the parts that are not described in detail, those skilled in the art can also fully understand the present invention.

[0032] In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that the drawings are only provided to illustrate the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, and the drawings are not actually drawn according to scale.

[0033] At the same time, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the words "include", "comprises" and similar words throughout the specification and claims should be interpreted as inclusive rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, the meaning is "including but not limited to".

[0034] See also Figure 1 -Figure, the utility model provides a technical solution: including a machine tool bed surface 1, the upper part of the machine tool bed surface 1 is fixedly connected to a support frame 2 by bolts and nuts 3, the middle part of the support frame 2 is provided with an intermediate inward clamping mechanism 5, and the two sides of the support frame 2 are provided with left and right inward clamping mechanisms 6, the intermediate inward clamping mechanism 5 includes an intermediate cylinder 51 and a pressure head frame 53; the left and right inward clamping mechanisms 6 include an outer cylinder 61, a lever 63, an oblique pressing fixing plate 65 and an oblique pressing hook 66, and the front two sides of the support frame 2 are also provided with squeezing parts 7.

[0035] The upper part of the intermediate cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the support frame 2 , and the head of the intermediate cylinder 51 is interconnected with the pressure head frame 53 via a connecting screw 52 . The pressure head frame 53 includes a movable support 531 , a pressure claw 532 and a fixed seat 533 .

[0036] The pressing claws 532 are distributed around the movable support 531 and connected via a pin shaft. The lower part of the fixed seat 533 is fixed on the upper part of the support frame 2. The middle part of the pressing claws 532 is also interconnected with the fixed seat 533 via a pin shaft.

[0037] A spherical nut 54 and a spherical washer 55 are respectively provided at the upper and lower parts of the movable support 531 .

[0038] The upper part of the outer cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the support frame 2, and a connecting head 62 is provided between the head of the outer cylinder 61 and the lever 63. The middle part of the lever 63 is connected to the support frame 2 through the middle support 64. The lower part of the oblique pressing fixing plate 65 is fixed to the support frame 2, and the oblique pressing hook 66 is distributed around the head bracket 67 of the lever 63.

[0039] A strip hole is provided in the middle of the oblique pressing hook 66 , and a guide round pin 68 is passed through the strip hole. The guide round pin 68 is fixed to the oblique pressing fixing plate 65 for guiding.

[0040] The clamping part 7 includes a clamping cylinder 71 and a clamping fixing seat 72. The head of the clamping cylinder 71 is provided with a clamping wedge 73. The inside of the clamping fixing seat 72 is provided with a clamping head 74. The inclined surface of the clamping wedge 73 fits with the rear end of the clamping head 74. A limit screw is provided above the clamping fixing seat 72.

[0041] If the left and right inward clamping mechanisms 6 are to be loosened, the outer cylinder 61 is ventilated at this time, and the oblique pressing hook 66 is in the process of moving upward, and the oblique groove and the guide round pin 67 on it act on the structure, and each is retracted toward the center. When it rises to a certain height, the outermost side of the oblique pressing hook 66 is retracted into the round hole of the workpiece 4, and the workpiece 4 can be released. At the same time, the middle inward clamping structure 5 is driven downward by the middle cylinder 51, driving the self-adjusting and balancing connection composed of the connecting screw 52, ​​spherical pad 55, spherical nut 54, and pressure head frame 53, and rotates through multiple round pins on it until the clamping surface rotates upward 90 degrees and is completely received in the center round hole of the workpiece being processed, and the workpiece 4 can be taken out. If clamping is required, the cylinders at the two locations can be ventilated in reverse, which is a commonly used method in the field of technology. The above also briefly explains the working principle and process of the two inward clamping mechanisms.

[0042] When workpiece 4 is processed on the CNC machine tool, the tool is lifted to a safe distance, and the solenoid valve is driven by the machine tool control system to pass compressed air into the cylinder's release air inlet. At the same time, the following actions are performed:

[0043] 1) Squeezing structure 7: The squeezing cylinder 71 drives the squeezing wedge 73 downward and disengages from the squeezing head 74 at the squeezing slope. At this time, the worker 4 will not be subjected to lateral squeezing force;

[0044] 2), the left and right two inward-retracting clamping structures 6: the outer cylinder 61 drives the oblique pressing hook 66 on it upward through the connecting head 62, the lever 63 and the oblique pressing fixing plate 65, and disengages from the workpiece 4 at the pressing position and lifts a certain distance. In the upward process, the oblique pressing hook 66 retracts toward the center. When it rises to a certain height, the outermost side of the oblique pressing hook 66 is retracted into the round through hole of the workpiece 4. The whole is as shown in the attached figure. Fig.12 As shown;

[0045] 3), middle retracting clamping structure 5: the middle cylinder 51 drives the pressure head frame 53 to retract downward through the connecting screw 52, ​​so that the pressure claw 532 rotates around the pin of the fixed seat 533 until the clamping surface rotates upward 90 degrees. At this time, the workpiece 4 can be completely taken out. Fig.11 shown.

[0046] If the next workpiece needs to be processed, the above operations can be reversed. This is a routine operation for those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.

Claims

1. A clamp for clamping an aluminum housing of a transmission during vertical milling, comprising a machine bed (1), characterized in that: The upper part of the machine tool bed (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (2) by means of bolts and nuts (3); a middle inward-retracting clamping mechanism (5) is provided in the middle of the support frame (2); left and right inward-retracting clamping mechanisms (6) are provided on both sides of the support frame (2); the middle inward-retracting clamping mechanism (5) comprises a middle cylinder (51) and a pressure head frame (53); the left and right inward-retracting clamping mechanisms (6) comprise an outer cylinder (61), a lever (63), an oblique pressing fixing plate (65) and an oblique pressing hook (66); and a squeezing portion (7) is also provided on both sides of the front of the support frame (2).

2. The clamp for clamping the aluminum housing of a transmission during vertical milling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper part of the intermediate cylinder (51) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the support frame (2), and the head of the intermediate cylinder (51) is interconnected with the pressure head frame (53) through a connecting screw (52), and the pressure head frame (53) includes a movable support (531), a pressure claw (532) and a fixed seat (533).

3. The clamp for clamping the aluminum housing of a transmission during vertical milling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pressing claws (532) are distributed around the movable support (531) and are connected via a pin shaft. The lower part of the fixed seat (533) is fixed on the upper part of the support frame (2). The middle part of the pressing claws (532) is also interconnected with the fixed seat (533) via a pin shaft.

4. The clamp for clamping the aluminum housing of a transmission during vertical milling according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A spherical nut (54) and a spherical pad (55) are respectively provided at the upper and lower parts of the movable support (531).

5. The fixture for clamping the aluminum housing of a transmission during vertical milling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper part of the outer cylinder (61) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the support frame (2); a connecting head (62) is provided between the head of the outer cylinder (61) and the lever (63); the middle part of the lever (63) is connected to the support frame (2) through a middle support (64); the lower part of the oblique pressing fixing plate (65) is fixed to the support frame (2); and the oblique pressing hook (66) is distributed around the head support (67) of the lever (63).

6. The fixture for clamping the aluminum housing of a transmission during vertical milling according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A strip hole is provided in the middle of the oblique pressing hook (66), a guide round pin (68) is inserted into the strip hole, and the guide round pin (68) is fixedly connected to the oblique pressing fixing plate (65) for guiding.

7. The clamp for clamping the aluminum housing of a transmission during vertical milling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamping part (7) comprises a clamping cylinder (71) and a clamping fixing seat (72); the head of the clamping cylinder (71) is provided with a clamping wedge (73); the inside of the clamping fixing seat (72) is provided with a clamping head (74); the inclined surface of the clamping wedge (73) is fitted with the rear end of the clamping head (74); and a limit screw is provided above the clamping fixing seat (72).

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