Self-walking servo control perishable garbage crushing and turning device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-walking servo control perishable garbage crushing and turning device, and belongs to the field of perishable garbage resourceful treatment. Longitudinal moving mechanisms of the device are arranged on the left side and the right side of a rack and are in transmission connection with two horizontal guide rails installed in a composting bin to achieve front-back movement of the whole rack. The chain plate turning device is in transmission connection with transverse moving mechanisms arranged on the front side and the rear side of the rack, so that the chain plate turning device moves left and right in the composting bin along the rack; the two servo electric cylinders are fixed to the rack, and the output ends of the servo electric cylinders are hinged to two connecting pieces at the top of the chain plate turning device respectively, so that height adjustment of the chain plate turning device is achieved. According to the device disclosed by the utility model, decomposed materials are optimally turned, so that the materials are more uniformly mixed, and the quality of produced organic fertilizers is improved; meanwhile, all mechanisms of the device are electrically driven to act, so that the device has the advantages of saving energy, reducing consumption, reducing the occupied area of the composting bin, improving the equipment treatment capacity and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of perishable garbage resource processing, and specifically relates to an automatic energy-saving device for preventing agglomerated materials from being difficult to turn over or turning over unevenly. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of domestic waste classification and the improvement of classification quality, perishable waste such as kitchen waste, restaurant kitchen waste, and fruit and vegetable waste has shown a continuous increasing trend. These perishable wastes have high moisture content, are extremely easy to rot, deteriorate, stink, and breed mosquitoes and other pollution properties. They are also considered to be a huge biological resource bank because of their high organic matter content and rich nutrients. At present, fertilizerization is an important way to solve the harmless treatment of perishable waste and the full resource utilization. However, due to the high moisture content, perishable waste materials can easily agglomerate, destroying the ventilation and oxygen supply of the aerobic system, resulting in the obstruction of local anaerobic and organic component degradation, which greatly reduces the fertilizer effect of perishable waste. It will also cause problems such as large area of ​​treatment facilities, long fermentation cycle, and associated odorous gases, which greatly limits the promotion and application of this process. In the process of perishable waste resource utilization, turning the pile is particularly important for aerobic fermentation. The uniformity of turning the pile affects the fermentation effect and fermentation cycle, and has a huge impact on the quality of the output organic fertilizer. The device can solve the problem of material agglomeration affecting the fermentation effect during the fermentation of perishable waste, making the material turning more uniform and the contact with the air more sufficient, thereby shortening the fermentation cycle and improving the quality of the organic fertilizer output by fermentation. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of existing compost turning devices, such as slow walking speed, risk of frequent slipping off the track during walking, risk of oil leakage in the hydraulic oil tank, and the walking chain transmission device being easily stretched and loosened, resulting in chain derailment, the utility model aims to provide a self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device.

[0004] The specific technical solutions adopted by this utility model are as follows:

[0005] The utility model provides a self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device, comprising a frame, a lateral moving mechanism, a longitudinal moving mechanism, a chain plate turning device and a servo electric cylinder;

[0006] The longitudinal moving mechanism is arranged on the left and right sides of the frame, and realizes the forward and backward movement of the entire frame through transmission connection with the two horizontal guide rails installed in the composting bin; the chain plate compost turning device is transmission connected with the transverse moving mechanism arranged on the front and rear sides of the frame, so as to realize the left and right movement of the chain plate compost turning device along the frame in the composting bin; the two servo electric cylinders are fixed on the frame, and the output ends are respectively hinged with the two connecting pieces on the top of the chain plate compost turning device to realize the height adjustment of the chain plate compost turning device.

[0007] Preferably, an ultrasonic ranging sensor for measuring the distance between the frame and the side wall of the front composting bin is also provided on the front side of the frame.

[0008] Preferably, the rack is a square frame structure.

[0009] Preferably, the longitudinal moving mechanism includes a servo motor reducer, a longitudinal driving wheel and a longitudinal driven wheel; longitudinal driving wheels are respectively installed at the front ends of the left and right sides of the frame, and the two longitudinal driving wheels are respectively connected to the output shafts of the two servo motor reducers; longitudinal driven wheels are respectively installed at the rear ends of the left and right sides of the frame, and the two longitudinal driven wheels are respectively connected to the longitudinal driving wheels on the same side; the longitudinal driving wheels and longitudinal driven wheels on both sides are respectively connected to the horizontal guide rails on the same side, and the servo motor reducer can drive the longitudinal driving wheels and the longitudinal driven wheels to rotate synchronously along the horizontal guide rails.

[0010] Furthermore, the model of the servo motor reducer is 1M40020C, with a power of 0.75kW, a torque of 1.91N, a rated speed of 2000r / min, a maximum speed of 3000r / min, and a speed ratio of 125.

[0011] Preferably, the transverse moving mechanism includes a transverse driven wheel, a transverse motor reducer, a chain sprocket mechanism, a transverse driving wheel and a rack mechanism; the output shaft of the transverse motor reducer is transmission-connected to the transverse driving wheel through a chain sprocket mechanism, and a rack mechanism is respectively provided on the front and rear inner sides of the frame; the transverse driving wheel is meshedly connected to the rack mechanism on one side, and is transmission-connected to the transverse driven wheel through a connecting shaft, and the transverse driven wheel is meshedly connected to the rack mechanism on the other side; the transverse motor reducer can drive the transverse driving wheel and the transverse driven wheel to rotate synchronously along the rack mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the chain plate pile turning device comprises an endless chain, side plates, blades, supporting plates, a transmission chain and a chain motor reducer; the output shaft of the chain motor reducer is transmission-connected to one end of a first transmission shaft through a transmission chain, the first transmission shaft is transmission-connected to a second transmission shaft located below through an endless chain, and the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are both horizontally arranged; a plurality of horizontally arranged supporting plates are fixed at intervals on the endless chain, a plurality of blades are fixed on the supporting plates along the length direction, and side plates are hinged on both sides of adjacent supporting plates; the chain motor reducer can drive each supporting plate to perform circular motion along the endless chain.

[0013] Furthermore, two of the annular chains are arranged at intervals.

[0014] Furthermore, the blade edge of the blade is arranged vertically.

[0015] Furthermore, the blade and the supporting plate are connected by welding.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The utility model device optimizes the turning of the mature materials to make the materials mixed more evenly and improve the quality of the output organic fertilizer; at the same time, all the mechanism actions of the device are electrically driven, which has the advantages of energy saving and consumption reduction, reducing the floor space of the mature bin, and improving the processing capacity of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is an isometric view of the self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and composting device in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 is an isometric view of the lateral movement mechanism in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the chain plate pile turning device in the embodiment;

[0021] Figure numerals: 1. lateral moving mechanism; 11. lateral driven wheel; 12. lateral motor reducer; 13. chain sprocket mechanism; 14. lateral driving wheel; 15. rack mechanism; 2. frame; 3. servo motor reducer; 4. ultrasonic ranging sensor; 5. chain plate turning device; 51. ring chain; 52. side plate; 53. blade; 54. support plate; 55. transmission chain; 56. chain motor reducer; 57. connecting piece; 6. longitudinal driving wheel; 7. longitudinal driven wheel; 8. servo electric cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementations. The technical features of each implementation of the present invention can be combined accordingly without conflicting with each other.

[0023] The utility model provides a self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device, which mainly includes a frame 2, a lateral moving mechanism 1, a longitudinal moving mechanism, a chain plate turning device 5 and a servo electric cylinder 8. Figure 1 As shown, it is a preferred structure of the device of the utility model.

[0024] The structure and connection method of each component will be described in detail below.

[0025] In the present invention, the longitudinal moving mechanism is arranged on the left and right sides of the frame 2, and the frame 2 is moved forward and backward as a whole by transmission connection with two horizontal guide rails installed in the composting bin. Unless otherwise specified, the directional definitions such as "front, back, left, right, etc." are all relative to the moving direction of the frame. Figure 1 The left side shown is the back, the right side is the front, the upper side is the left, and the lower side is the right.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor 4 is also provided on the front side of the frame 2, and the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor 4 is used to measure the distance between the frame 2 and the side wall of the front composting bin, and then feedback control the travel speed of the longitudinal moving mechanism.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the longitudinal moving mechanism mainly includes a servo motor reducer 3, a longitudinal driving wheel 6 and a longitudinal driven wheel 7. The front ends of the left and right sides of the frame 2 are respectively installed with longitudinal driving wheels 6, and the two longitudinal driving wheels 6 are respectively connected to the output shafts of the two servo motor reducers 3. The rear ends of the left and right sides of the frame 2 are respectively installed with longitudinal driven wheels 7, and the two longitudinal driven wheels 7 are respectively connected to the longitudinal driving wheels 6 on the same side. The longitudinal driving wheels 6 and the longitudinal driven wheels 7 on both sides are respectively connected to the horizontal guide rails on the same side, and the servo motor reducer 3 can drive the longitudinal driving wheels 6 and the longitudinal driven wheels 7 to rotate synchronously along the horizontal guide rails.

[0028] Compared with the existing compost turning device, the utility model changes the traditional motor-driven sprocket chain drive mode to use dual servo motors (i.e. two servo motor reducers 3) for self-drive, which brings about the optimization of structure and performance:

[0029] First, the following optimization calculations were made for the mobility of the compost turning device:

[0030] In this embodiment, the weight of the compost turning device is 650 kg. It turns 50 kg of perishable garbage materials during operation. The moving friction coefficient is calculated as 0.1 (in medium and long-term use, the surface quality of the guide rail decreases significantly, close to sliding friction), and the calculated moving friction force Ff=700 kg.

[0031] Formula 1: The excavation resistance of the compost turning device is calculated with reference to the bulldozer bucket: Pc = 2.2 × Lc × Bk × Ky

[0032] According to the compost turning device width Lc = 0.5, depth Bk = 0.1, shear coefficient Ky = 3500kg / m 3 , the excavation resistance Pc=385kg;

[0033] Formula 2: Total moving resistance F = (Pc + Ff × 0.1) × 9.8 = 4459N

[0034] Calculated based on 1.5 times the heavy load operating factor:

[0035] Mobile driving force = 1.5 × 4459 = 6688.5N, of which the radius of the longitudinal driving wheel of the compost turning device is 0.05m, the torque is 334.2NM, and the moving speed of the longitudinal driving wheel is 0.05-0.1m / s. The servo motor 1M40020C can be selected, with a power of 0.75kW, a torque of 1.91N, a rated speed of 2000r / min, a maximum speed of 3000r / min, and a dual motor form; therefore, the speed ratio of the reducer is reasonable 109, and a speed ratio of 125 is selected for convenience of selection.

[0036] The optimization results of the above optimization calculation are as follows:

[0037] 1) The moving speed of the compost turning device is 0.08 m / s (rated speed 1500 r / min, used during operation), the maximum moving speed is 0.12 m / s (used during reversing), the single cycle stroke is 4 m, and the moving time is t=4 / 0.08+4 / 0.12=83 s; while the moving speed of the existing compost turning machines is 0.03 m / s, and the total moving time of a 4 m long box is 266 s; thus, the compost turning efficiency of the compost turning device can be increased by 2 times.

[0038] 2) From the perspective of structure, the utility model uses the current servo motor reducer to drive the longitudinal driving wheel of the compost turning device to replace the motor-driven sprocket drive, which can avoid the occurrence of chain falling due to the elongation of the chain. At the same time, due to the short transmission route, the corresponding power loss is also reduced year-on-year, which is more energy-saving and consumption-reducing.

[0039] 3) Since the servo electric cylinder used is equipped with an encoder, it can ensure that the two longitudinal driving wheels of the compost turning device are synchronized in real time to avoid derailment.

[0040] In the present invention, the chain plate compost turning device 5 is transmission-connected to the lateral moving mechanism 1 arranged at the front and rear sides of the frame 2, so as to realize the left and right movement of the chain plate compost turning device 5 along the frame 2 in the composting bin.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frame 2 can be configured as a square frame structure, so that the longitudinal moving mechanism and the transverse moving mechanism 1 can be respectively disposed on two sets of opposite sides.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2As shown, the transverse moving mechanism 1 mainly includes a transverse driven wheel 11, a transverse motor reducer 12, a chain sprocket mechanism 13, a transverse driving wheel 14 and a rack mechanism 15. The output shaft of the transverse motor reducer 12 is connected to the transverse driving wheel 14 through the chain sprocket mechanism 13, and the inner sides of the front and rear ends of the frame 2 are respectively provided with rack mechanisms 15. The transverse driving wheel 14 is meshed and connected with the rack mechanism 15 on one side, and is connected to the transverse driven wheel 11 through a connecting shaft, and the transverse driven wheel 11 is meshed and connected with the rack mechanism 15 on the other side. The transverse motor reducer 12 can drive the transverse driving wheel 14 and the transverse driven wheel 11 to rotate synchronously along the rack mechanism 15, thereby realizing the lateral displacement of the chain plate turning device 5.

[0043] Specifically, the chain and sprocket mechanism 13 is composed of a first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft, a chain, a driving sprocket and a driven sprocket. During operation, the transverse motor reducer 12 transmits power to the driving sprocket through the first connecting shaft, the driving sprocket transmits power to the driven sprocket through the chain, and the driven sprocket transmits power to the transverse driving wheel 14 through the second connecting shaft.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the chain plate turning device 5 mainly includes an annular chain 51, a side plate 52, a blade 53, a supporting plate 54, a transmission chain 55 and a chain motor reducer 56. The output shaft of the chain motor reducer 56 is connected to one end of the first transmission shaft through the transmission chain 55, and the first transmission shaft is connected to the second transmission shaft located below through the annular chain 51, and the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are both arranged horizontally. A plurality of horizontally arranged supporting plates 54 are fixed at intervals on the annular chain 51, and a plurality of blades 53 are fixed on the supporting plates 54 along the length direction, and the side plates 52 are hinged on both sides of adjacent supporting plates 54. The chain motor reducer 56 can drive each supporting plate 54 to perform a circular motion along the annular chain 51.

[0045] Specifically, the blade 53 is vertically arranged so that during operation, as the front side supporting plate 54 rises driven by the ring chain 51, the garbage materials with agglomerates and oversized particles can be crushed and cut. The blade 53 is connected to the supporting plate 54 by welding. In order to ensure a better transmission effect, two ring chains 51 can be arranged at intervals, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0046] The working principle of the chain plate compost turning device is as follows:

[0047] During operation, the chain motor reducer 56 drives the first transmission shaft to rotate through the transmission chain 55, and the first transmission shaft drives the second transmission shaft and the ring chain 51 to rotate through the chain, and the supporting plate 54 is driven along with the ring chain 51, and the garbage material is gradually excavated from top to bottom driven by the supporting plate 54, thereby realizing the crushing and turning of the garbage material; the longitudinal moving mechanism moves forward synchronously with the rotation of the chain plate turning device, driving the garbage material with a width equivalent to that of the supporting plate 54 to be transferred; when the ultrasonic ranging sensor 4 detects that the chain plate turning device reaches the front end of the composting bin, the servo electric cylinder 8 is started to lift the chain plate turning device, and then the longitudinal moving mechanism and the transverse moving mechanism are cooperated to move it to the next turning area at the rear end of the composting bin, and the control system is cooperated to realize automatic turning; this cycle is repeated until the turning of all garbage materials in the composting bin is completed.

[0048] In the present invention, two servo electric cylinders 8 are fixed on the frame 2, and the output ends are respectively hinged with two connecting pieces 57 on the top of the chain plate turning device 5 to achieve the height adjustment of the chain plate turning device 5. The two servo electric cylinders 8 are symmetrically arranged and fixed on both sides of the chain plate turning device 5 respectively.

[0049] The compost turning mechanism in the prior art is generally driven by a hydraulic pump station to adjust the angle of the oil cylinder, while the present invention is now driven by two servo electric cylinders 8, which increases the flexibility of control and avoids safety risks such as oil leakage of the oil cylinder.

[0050] In summary, the utility model adopts a servo control system, which has a great improvement over the ordinary motor control and hydraulic system control in the prior art, mainly in the following aspects:

[0051] 1) The device of the utility model adopts left and right double servo motors to achieve servo synchronization, thereby avoiding the derailment problem of the chain plate pile turning device caused by the asynchronous movement of the two longitudinal driving wheels.

[0052] 2) The working angle of the chain plate compost turner is driven by a servo electric cylinder, which can optimize and change the compost turning angle in real time according to the change of torque during compost turning.

[0053] By adopting the above technical solution, the servo motor reducer drives the longitudinal driving wheel to move to the initial position at the rear end of the mature bin. At this time, the servo electric cylinder drives the chain plate turning device to descend to the working height and inserts the supporting plate into the garbage material. The supporting plate rotates with the ring chain to gradually turn the garbage material from the front end to the rear end; the frame moves forward along the slide rail through the longitudinal moving mechanism, and gradually transfers the garbage material at the front end to the rear end in a layered manner; when the chain plate turning device approaches the front end of the mature bin, the servo electric cylinder encoder calculates the stroke, the servo motor reducer gradually decelerates, and at the same time, the ultrasonic distance sensor determines that it has reached the front end of the mature bin, and the servo motor reducer reverses and runs at high speed to move the frame to the rear end of the mature bin. The chain plate turning device then moves one frame width downward through the lateral moving mechanism, and repeats the above movement from the new initial position, thereby achieving the crushing and turning of the garbage material in the entire mature bin. When the chain-plate compost turning device encounters garbage materials that are clumped or have too large particles during operation, the blades will cut the garbage materials to further homogenize them and allow them to come into more complete contact with the air during the compost turning process, thereby improving the efficiency of aerobic fermentation and the quality of organic fertilizer produced by fermenting perishable garbage.

[0054] The above-described embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (2), a transverse moving mechanism (1), a longitudinal moving mechanism, a chain plate turning device (5) and a servo electric cylinder (8); The longitudinal moving mechanism is arranged on the left and right sides of the frame (2), and realizes the forward and backward movement of the frame (2) as a whole by transmission connection with two horizontal guide rails installed in the composting bin; the chain plate compost turning device (5) is transmission connected with the transverse moving mechanism (1) arranged on the front and rear sides of the frame (2), so as to realize the left and right movement of the chain plate compost turning device (5) along the frame (2) in the composting bin; the two servo electric cylinders (8) are fixed on the frame (2), and the output ends are respectively hinged to the two connecting pieces (57) at the top of the chain plate compost turning device (5), so as to realize the height adjustment of the chain plate compost turning device (5).

2. The self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An ultrasonic distance measuring sensor (4) for measuring the distance between the frame (2) and the side wall of the front composting bin is also provided on the front side of the frame (2).

3. The self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The frame (2) is a square frame structure.

4. The self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The longitudinal moving mechanism comprises a servo motor reducer (3), a longitudinal driving wheel (6) and a longitudinal driven wheel (7); the front ends of the left and right sides of the frame (2) are respectively provided with longitudinal driving wheels (6), and the two longitudinal driving wheels (6) are respectively connected to the output shafts of the two servo motor reducers (3); the rear ends of the left and right sides of the frame (2) are respectively provided with longitudinal driven wheels (7), and the two longitudinal driven wheels (7) are respectively connected to the longitudinal driving wheels (6) on the same side; the longitudinal driving wheels (6) and the longitudinal driven wheels (7) on the two sides are respectively connected to the horizontal guide rails on the same side, and the servo motor reducer (3) can drive the longitudinal driving wheels (6) and the longitudinal driven wheels (7) to rotate synchronously along the horizontal guide rails.

5. The self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The model of the servo motor reducer (3) is 1M40020C, with a power of 0.75 kW, a torque of 1.91 N, a rated speed of 2000 r / min, a maximum speed of 3000 r / min, and a speed ratio of 125.

6. The self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transverse moving mechanism (1) comprises a transverse driven wheel (11), a transverse motor reducer (12), a chain sprocket mechanism (13), a transverse driving wheel (14) and a rack mechanism (15); the output shaft of the transverse motor reducer (12) is transmission-connected with the transverse driving wheel (14) through the chain sprocket mechanism (13), and the rack mechanisms (15) are respectively arranged on the front and rear inner sides of the frame (2); the transverse driving wheel (14) is meshedly connected with the rack mechanism (15) on one side, and is transmission-connected with the transverse driven wheel (11) through a connecting shaft, and the transverse driven wheel (11) is meshedly connected with the rack mechanism (15) on the other side; the transverse motor reducer (12) can drive the transverse driving wheel (14) and the transverse driven wheel (11) to rotate synchronously along the rack mechanism (15).

7. The self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The chain plate stack turning device (5) comprises an annular chain (51), a side plate (52), a blade (53), a supporting plate (54), a transmission chain (55) and a chain motor reducer (56); the output shaft of the chain motor reducer (56) is transmission-connected to one end of a first transmission shaft through the transmission chain (55); the first transmission shaft is transmission-connected to a second transmission shaft located below through the annular chain (51); the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are both arranged horizontally; a plurality of horizontally arranged supporting plates (54) are fixed at intervals on the annular chain (51); a plurality of blades (53) are fixed on the supporting plates (54) along the length direction; and side plates (52) are hinged on both sides of adjacent supporting plates (54); and the chain motor reducer (56) can drive each supporting plate (54) to perform circular motion along the annular chain (51).

8. The self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two of the annular chains (51) are arranged at intervals.

9. The self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blade (53) has a cutting edge arranged vertically.

10. The self-propelled servo-controlled perishable garbage crushing and turning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blade (53) and the supporting plate (54) are connected by welding.

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