Flow equalizing anti-abrasion system for tail heating surface

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tail heating surface flow equalizing anti-abrasion system which comprises a flue gas adjusting device, a flue gas guiding device and a heating surface telescopic anti-abrasion device, the flue gas adjusting device is arranged in a vertical flue above a tail heating surface and used for adjusting the flow direction of flue gas in the flue, and the heating surface telescopic anti-abrasion device is arranged in the flue. The smoke guiding device is arranged at an inlet of the tail heating surface and used for guiding and equalizing smoke at the inlet, and the heating surface telescopic anti-abrasion device is arranged on a tube bundle of the tail heating surface and used for achieving anti-abrasion protection of the tube bundle. The smoke adjusting device, the smoke guiding device and the heating surface telescopic anti-abrasion device are used for achieving smoke flow direction adjustment, smoke guiding and flow equalizing and pipe row anti-abrasion protection of the tail smoke channel, all-around protection is conducted on a suspension pipe and a nearby heating surface pipe row, abrasion of the smoke to a low-temperature heating surface pipe row can be effectively eliminated, and the service life of the low-temperature heating surface pipe row is prolonged. And safe and stable operation of a boiler unit is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of boiler heating surface protection, in particular to a tail heating surface flow equalization anti-wear system. Background Art

[0002] The service life of power station boilers is relatively long. After the generator set is built, it often needs to run for decades. With the continuous operation of the boiler unit, the combustion system efficiency decreases, and biased burning occurs. The furnace water-cooled wall, row-type heating surface, and horizontal flue heating surface will have problems such as ash accumulation and coking. The power station boiler runs continuously for a long time each time, generally shutting down once a year or so, and sometimes running continuously for more than a year. It is impossible to deal with the ash accumulation and coking problems of the boiler heating surface in time. The decrease in the heat absorption efficiency of the boiler heating surface will lead to an increase in the flue gas volume of the boiler tail heating surface, and the flue gas enters the tail heating surface unevenly, resulting in serious wear of the tail heating surface in some parts.

[0003] At present, coal resources are in short supply. The types of coal used by most coal-fired units are far from the designed types of coal. Frequent blending of multiple types of coal by the units will cause an increase in flue gas volume, an increase in fly ash volume, and uneven distribution of flue gas in the tail flue, which will lead to increased wear of the tail heating surface. The low-temperature heating surface generally adopts a suspension structure. Since there is expansion displacement between the suspension pipe and the tail heating surface during the operation of the boiler unit, there is no effective anti-wear measure between the suspension pipe and the horizontal pipe, and the anti-wear tiles arranged are often only a temporary solution. The tail heating surface is compactly arranged, and only the surface can be inspected during shutdown inspection, and it is difficult to conduct a comprehensive inspection. In the long run, the wear problem of the tail heating surface is becoming more and more serious. Severe wear and boiler tube burst problems often occur in the parts with large resistance on the tail heating surface (near the suspension pipe), which directly affects the safe and stable operation of the boiler unit. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a tail heating surface flow equalization and anti-wear system, which utilizes a flue gas regulating device, a flue gas diversion device and a heating surface telescopic anti-wear device to respectively realize the flue gas flow direction adjustment, flue gas diversion and equalization and tube row anti-wear protection of the tail flue, which can effectively eliminate the wear of the flue gas on the low-temperature heating surface tube row and ensure the safe and stable operation of the boiler unit.

[0005] Invention content: In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model provides a rear heating surface flow equalization and anti-wear system, including a flue gas regulating device, a flue gas diversion device and a heating surface telescopic anti-wear device, wherein the flue gas regulating device is arranged in a vertical flue above the rear heating surface, for realizing the flow direction adjustment of the flue gas, the flue gas diversion device is arranged at the inlet of the rear heating surface, for realizing the flow equalization of the inlet flue gas, and the heating surface telescopic anti-wear device is arranged on the pipe row of the rear heating surface, for realizing the anti-wear protection of the pipe row.

[0006] Furthermore, the smoke regulating device includes multiple groups of smoke regulating dampers, and each group of smoke regulating dampers is steered and adjusted by a corresponding actuator. The actuator includes a driver and a connecting rod assembly, and the output shaft of the driver is connected to the smoke regulating damper through the connecting rod assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, there are three groups of smoke regulating baffles, and the three groups of smoke regulating baffles are distributed in the vertical flue above the tail heating surface with a height difference of "high on both sides and low in the middle". The reason for adopting this height difference design is that the smoke on both sides is generally more chaotic and needs to be adjusted as soon as possible, and the smoke in the middle will be relatively uniform.

[0008] Furthermore, the flue gas conditioning device also includes a wind speed measuring device and a control system, and the wind speed measuring device is arranged at the entrance of the rear heating surface. The control system is respectively connected to the wind speed measuring device and each actuator signal, and is used to realize the driving control of the actuator according to the measured wind speed signal.

[0009] Furthermore, the wind speed measuring device adopts a multi-point matrix wind speed measuring device.

[0010] Furthermore, the tube row of the tail heating surface includes a suspension tube and a horizontal tube, and the smoke guide device includes a plurality of anti-wear protective tubes and mounting clamps, the anti-wear protective tubes are distributed in parallel above the horizontal tubes, and the anti-wear protective tubes are fixed to the suspension tubes by mounting clamps.

[0011] Furthermore, the installation clamps are provided with vertical pipe grooves and horizontal pipe grooves, and the installation clamps are fixed symmetrically in pairs, so that the suspension pipes are fixed between the vertical pipe grooves and the anti-wear protection pipes are fixed between the horizontal pipe grooves.

[0012] Furthermore, the tube row of the rear heating surface includes a suspension tube and a horizontal tube, and the heating surface telescopic anti-wear device includes a heating surface telescopic anti-wear shield, the heating surface telescopic anti-wear shield is an inverted U-shaped sheet metal part, which is vertically hung on the horizontal tubes arranged in a row, one side of the heating surface telescopic anti-wear shield is fixed to the horizontal tube by a fixed pipe clamp, and the other side is fixed to the suspension tube by a suspension tube sealing assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the suspension pipe sealing assembly includes two symmetrically arranged sealing clamps, and a vertical pipe groove is provided above the sealing clamps. Inverted U-shaped openings are provided on both sides of the sealing clamps for docking the telescopic anti-wear shields of the heated surfaces on both sides.

[0014] Furthermore, the heating surface telescopic anti-wear device also includes an inner anti-wear device, which is fixed between adjacent heating surface telescopic anti-wear shields.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. Aiming at the problem that the flue gas in the tail flue is unevenly distributed, which leads to aggravated wear of the tail heating surface, the utility model uses a flue gas regulating device to adjust the flow direction of the tail flue gas, controls the wind speed deviation of each part of the flue within a certain range, and ensures that the flue gas at the entrance of the low-temperature heating surface is distributed as evenly as possible.

[0017] 2. Aiming at the problem of aggravated flue gas scouring and wear due to large resistance near the suspension pipe, the utility model utilizes the arrangement of flue gas diversion device to make the flue gas reach a steady flow state before entering the heating surface pipe row, which can effectively protect the rear heating surface pipe row from being worn and scour.

[0018] 3. The utility model utilizes the heating surface telescopic anti-wear device to provide all-round protection for the suspension pipes and the nearby heating surface pipe rows. At the same time, the heating surface telescopic anti-wear shield can absorb the expansion between the horizontal pipes and the suspension pipes when the boiler is running, eliminating the mechanical wear on the heating surface pipe rows caused by the expansion of the boiler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Attached Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smoke regulating device in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Attached Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smoke guide device in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Attached Figure 4 a, 4b are component parts diagrams of the smoke guide device in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Attached Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the heating surface telescopic anti-wear device in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Attached Figure 6 a-6d is a diagram of the components of the heating surface telescopic anti-wear device in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] The figure includes: 1. Smoke regulating device, 2. Smoke guiding device, 3. Telescopic anti-wear device for heating surface, 4. Suspension pipe, 5. Horizontal pipe, 1-1. Connecting rod assembly, 1-2. Smoke regulating baffle, 1-3. Driver, 1-4. Wind speed measuring device, 2-1. Anti-wear protective pipe, 2-2. Mounting clamp, 3-1. Sealing clamp, 3-2. Telescopic anti-wear shield for heating surface, 3-3. Inner anti-wear device, 3-4. Fixed pipe clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] On the one hand, there are no effective flue gas adjustment means at the tail vertical flue and the tail heating surface inlet. After the flue gas enters the tail flue, due to the sudden change of cross-section, especially when the boiler is in long-term operation, the front heating surface will absorb heat unevenly, resulting in uneven distribution of flue gas when entering the tail flue and turbulence. At the same time, the straight section of the tail vertical flue is small, and the flue gas flow field cannot be adjusted. The turbulent flue gas directly enters the tail heating surface, causing serious damage to the tail heating.

[0028] On the other hand, the rear heating surface tube row is suspended. Due to the special structure, there is no effective anti-wear device near the suspension pipe 4 and the horizontal pipe 5. The resistance here is large and the tube row is severely worn by the flue gas. Even if anti-wear tiles are installed, the heating surface tube row cannot be completely protected. When the boiler is running, the anti-wear tiles and the heating surface tube row frequently displace and rub due to expansion, resulting in mechanical wear problems at the rear heating surface tube row.

[0029] In order to solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a tail heat equalization and anti-wear system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it is composed of a flue gas regulating device 1, a flue gas guiding device 2, and a heating surface expansion and contraction anti-wear device 3.

[0030] 1) Smoke conditioning device

[0031] The smoke conditioning device 1 is arranged in the rear vertical smoke duct, and includes a plurality of smoke conditioning dampers 1-2, wind speed measuring devices 1-4 and a control system. Figure 2 As shown, each group of smoke regulating dampers 1-2 realizes steering adjustment through the corresponding actuator, and each group of actuators includes a driver 1-3 and a connecting rod assembly 1-1. The output shaft of the driver 1-3 is connected to the smoke regulating damper 1-2 through the connecting rod assembly 1-1. There are 3 groups of smoke regulating dampers 1-2, and the 3 groups of dampers are distributed in the vertical flue above the tail heating surface with a height difference of "high on both sides and low in the middle". The number of dampers in each group is determined according to the actual situation, and generally an even number of horizontal "eight" openings are used.

[0032] In this embodiment, the wind speed measuring device 1-4 adopts a multi-point matrix wind speed measuring device 1-4 with an automatic cleaning system, which is made of titanium alloy stainless steel and arranged below each group of flue gas regulating baffles 1-2 (at the entrance of the low-temperature heating surface); the flue gas regulating baffles 1-2 are made of composite ceramics or laser cladding anti-wear materials, and the actuator is composed of an external connecting rod mechanism plus a conventional linear stroke pneumatic or electric actuator; the control system adopts a DCS or PLC control system.

[0033] When the flue gas regulating device 1 is working, the control system outputs the actuator driving instruction according to the input low-temperature heating surface inlet wind speed distribution. After receiving the instruction, the actuator drives the flue gas regulating baffle 1-2 to regulate the flue gas (the greater the wind speed, the greater the amount of distributed flue gas, so the inclination angle of the regulating baffle is reduced to increase the resistance). The wind speed measuring device 1-4 feeds back the wind speed parameters of each part to the control system in real time. When the wind speed deviation of each part is less than 2.5%, the flue gas regulation work is completed.

[0034] 2) Smoke diversion device

[0035] The smoke guide device 2 is arranged directly above the low-temperature heating surface (horizontal tube 5), within 300-500mm on both sides of the suspension tube 4, and parallel to the low-temperature heating surface. Figure 3 As shown, the smoke guide device 2 includes an anti-wear protective tube 2-1 and a mounting clamp 2-2, wherein the anti-wear protective tube 2-1 is fixed to the suspension tube 4 through the mounting clamp 2-2, and a group of anti-wear protective tubes 2-1 are arranged on both sides of each suspension tube 4.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown in a and 4b, the diameter of the anti-wear protective tube 2-1 is consistent with that of the horizontal tube 5, and is made of silicon carbide or wear-resistant cast steel; a central vertical tube groove and two side horizontal tube grooves are provided on the mounting clamp 2-2, and the mounting clamps 2-2 are arranged symmetrically in pairs and fixed by fasteners (such as threaded components), so that the suspension pipe 4 is fixed between the vertical tube grooves and the anti-wear protective tubes 2-1 on both sides are fixed between the horizontal tube grooves.

[0037] When the flue gas enters the low-temperature heating surface, the flue gas cross-section suddenly becomes smaller, and the flue gas impacts the heating surface tube row to produce a reflow zone. The location where the anti-wear tiles are installed (away from the suspension pipe 4) can ensure that the rear heating surface tube row is not eroded. In the location where the anti-wear tiles cannot be fully arranged (near the suspension pipe 4), the smoke is more turbulent due to the large resistance, and the wear on the first two rows of tubes is particularly serious. After adding the smoke guide device 2, the smoke reaches a steady flow state before entering the heating surface tube row, which can effectively protect the rear heating surface tube row from wear and erosion.

[0038] 3) Heating surface expansion and contraction anti-wear device

[0039] The heating surface expansion and contraction anti-wear device 3 is arranged on the low-temperature heating surface, usually on both sides of the suspension pipe 4. Figure 5 As shown, the heating surface telescopic anti-wear device 3 includes a suspension pipe sealing assembly, a heating surface telescopic anti-wear shield 3-2, an inner anti-wear device 3-3 and a fixed pipe clamp 3-4. The device is made of wear-resistant stainless steel material, which can be selected according to the quality of the coal used. It has a simple structure and is easy to assemble.

[0040] like Figure 6As shown in Figs. 6b and 6d, the heating surface telescopic anti-wear shield 3-2 is an inverted U-shaped sheet metal part, which is vertically hung on the horizontal pipes 5 arranged in a row. One side of the heating surface telescopic anti-wear shield 3-2 is fixed to the horizontal pipe 5 through a fixed pipe clamp 3-4, and the other side is fixed to the suspension pipe 4 through a suspension pipe sealing assembly. A row of horizontal pipes 5 are arranged on both sides of each suspension pipe 4, so four heating surface telescopic anti-wear shields 3-2 are arranged near each suspension pipe 4.

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 1 , the suspension pipe sealing assembly includes two symmetrically arranged sealing clamps 3-1, and the sealing clamps 3-1 are overall inverted L-shaped sheet metal parts (including a top surface and a vertical surface, and chamfers are used at right angles), wherein the top surface of the sealing clamps 3-1 is provided with a vertical pipe groove, and both sides of the sealing clamps 3-1 are provided with inverted U-shaped openings (extended surfaces connected to the top surface and the vertical surface are provided near the openings), which are used to dock the telescopic anti-wear shields 3-2 of the heated surfaces on both sides.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown in c, the inner anti-wear device 3-3 is a rectangular sheet metal part, which is fixed between the adjacent heated surface telescopic anti-wear shields 3-2 and is fixed to the suspension pipe sealing assembly to form a sealed shell structure with five surfaces on the left, right, front and back.

[0043] During installation, one side of the heated surface telescopic anti-wear shield 3-2 is fixed to the horizontal pipe 5 through a fixed pipe clamp 3-4 and fasteners, and the other side of the heated surface telescopic anti-wear shield 3-2 is connected to the suspension pipe sealing assembly and the inner anti-wear device 3-3 through fasteners. Finally, the suspension pipe sealing assembly is fixed to the suspension pipe 4 through fasteners.

[0044] The telescopic anti-wear device of the heating surface can effectively provide all-round protection for the suspended pipes and nearby heating surface tube banks. At the same time, the telescopic anti-wear cover of the heating surface can absorb the expansion between the horizontal pipes and the suspended pipes when the boiler is running, eliminating the mechanical wear of the heating surface tube banks caused by the expansion of the boiler. When the flue gas enters the low-temperature heating surface tube banks, the telescopic anti-wear device of the heating surface can quickly stabilize the flow of the flue gas, and the flue gas travels along a predetermined trajectory, which can effectively eliminate the wear of the flue gas on the low-temperature heating surface tube banks.

[0045] The above specific implementations are only descriptions of the preferred implementations of the utility model, and do not limit the protection scope of the utility model. Without departing from the design concept and spirit of the utility model, various modifications, substitutions and improvements made by ordinary technicians in this field to the technical solution of the utility model based on the text description and drawings provided by the utility model should all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tail heating surface flow uniformity anti-wear system, characterized in that: It includes a smoke regulating device, a smoke guiding device and a heating surface expansion and contraction anti-wear device, wherein the smoke regulating device is arranged in the vertical flue above the rear heating surface, and is used to realize the flow direction adjustment of the smoke in the flue; the smoke guiding device is arranged at the entrance of the rear heating surface, and is used to realize the diversion and uniform flow of the inlet smoke; the heating surface expansion and contraction anti-wear device is arranged on the tube row of the rear heating surface, and is used to realize the anti-wear protection of the tube row.

2. The tail heating surface flow uniformity anti-wear system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke regulating device comprises a plurality of groups of smoke regulating dampers, and each group of smoke regulating dampers realizes steering adjustment through a corresponding actuator, the actuator comprises a driver and a connecting rod assembly, and the output shaft of the driver is drivingly connected to the smoke regulating damper through the connecting rod assembly.

3. The tail heating surface flow uniformity anti-wear system according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are three groups of smoke regulating baffles in total, and the three groups of smoke regulating baffles are distributed in the vertical flue above the rear heating surface with a height difference of "high on both sides and low in the middle".

4. The tail heating surface flow uniformity anti-wear system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smoke conditioning device also includes a wind speed measuring device and a control system, and the wind speed measuring device is arranged at the entrance of the rear heating surface, and the control system is respectively connected with the wind speed measuring device and each actuator signal.

5. The tail heating surface flow uniformity anti-wear system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wind speed measuring device adopts a multi-point matrix wind speed measuring device.

6. The tail heating surface flow uniformity anti-wear system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tube row of the tail heating surface includes a suspension tube and a horizontal tube, and the smoke guide device includes a plurality of anti-wear protective tubes and mounting clamps. The anti-wear protective tubes are distributed in parallel above the horizontal tubes, and the anti-wear protective tubes are fixed to the suspension tubes through mounting clamps.

7. The tail heating surface flow uniformity anti-wear system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The installation clamps are provided with vertical pipe grooves and horizontal pipe grooves, and the installation clamps are fixed symmetrically in pairs, so that the suspension pipes are fixed between the vertical pipe grooves and the anti-wear protection pipes are fixed between the horizontal pipe grooves.

8. The tail heating surface flow equalization and anti-wear system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tube row of the rear heating surface includes a suspension tube and a horizontal tube, and the heating surface telescopic anti-wear device includes a heating surface telescopic anti-wear shield, which is an inverted U-shaped sheet metal part, which is vertically hung on the horizontal tubes arranged in a row, one side of the heating surface telescopic anti-wear shield is fixed to the horizontal tube by a fixed pipe clamp, and the other side is fixed to the suspension tube by a suspension tube sealing assembly.

9. A tail heating surface flow uniformity anti-wear system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The suspension pipe sealing assembly includes two symmetrically arranged sealing clamps, and a vertical pipe groove is provided above the sealing clamps. Inverted U-shaped openings are provided on both sides of the sealing clamps for docking the telescopic anti-wear shields of the heating surfaces on both sides.

10. The tail heating surface flow uniformity anti-wear system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heating surface telescopic anti-wear device also includes an inner side anti-wear device, which is fixed between adjacent heating surface telescopic anti-wear shields.

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