Automatic smearing device for microorganism sample

Abstract

The utility model provides an automatic smearing device for a microorganism sample, and belongs to the technical field of smearing devices. The automatic smear device for the microorganism samples comprises a machine frame provided with a flat plate, and the flat plate is provided with a sample cup conveying channel, an oscillation position, an uncovering positioning sleeve, an inoculation needle base, an infrared sterilizer, a glass slide containing box, a glass slide collecting frame and a smear position. A sample treatment module for transferring a sample cup, a cover opening module for opening and closing a cover and a glass slide treatment module for transferring a glass slide are arranged on the rack, and an inoculating needle and a smear pen which can be transferred by the sample treatment module are placed on the inoculating needle seat; and the smear pen is provided with a self-adaptive smear head matched with the upper surface of the glass slide at the smear position. Due to the fact that the smear pen is provided with the self-adaptive smear head, biological samples on the glass slide can be evenly smeared under the condition that the glass slide is not placed flatly, and the smear effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of smear devices and relates to an automatic smear device for microbial samples. Background Art

[0002] Microbial sample smears are widely used in colony inoculation, culture, separation, and detection, and are an important task in microbial sample detection. The traditional method of manual smearing is that the operator takes the sample box and dips it into the sample to be tested. The smear pen dipped in the sample to be tested gently presses a small amount of the sample to be tested on the slide to complete the smear. The manual method has the problems of non-standard operation, large randomness of manual operation, high labor cost, and low efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, more and more companies use automatic smear devices to achieve automatic smearing of microbial samples. The automatic smear device is provided with a smear pen. The existing smear pen can evenly apply the microbial sample to the glass slide. For example, a Chinese patent discloses a microbial sample smear pen [authorization announcement number is CN205241683U], including a mechanical connection end and a free end, the mechanical connection end and the free end are rigidly connected, the mechanical connection end is detachably connected to the external mechanical structure, and the free end is an end arranged parallel to the glass slide and the contact part with the glass slide is a medical fiber coating.

[0004] In order to ensure that the microbial sample can be evenly coated on the glass slide, the free end must be parallel to the glass slide. However, during the actual smearing process, foreign matter may enter the glass slide placement table, causing the glass slide to be unable to be flat, and it is also impossible to ensure that the free end is parallel to the glass slide. Ultimately, the microbial sample cannot be evenly and evenly coated on the glass slide, resulting in a poor smearing effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to solve the above problems in the prior art and proposes an automatic smear device for microbial samples with good smear effect.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention discloses an automatic smear device for microbial samples, comprising a frame on which a flat plate is arranged, the flat plate is provided with a sample cup conveying channel, an oscillating position, a cover opening positioning sleeve, an inoculation needle seat, an infrared sterilizer, a slide placement box, a slide collection rack and a smear position, the frame is provided with a sample processing module for transferring sample cups, a cover opening module for opening and closing covers and a slide processing module for transferring slides, the inoculation needle seat is provided with an inoculation needle and a smear pen which can be transferred by the sample processing module, and the smear pen is provided with an adaptive smear head which is adapted to the upper surface of the slide located at the smear position.

[0008] The sample cup conveying channel conveys the sample cup to a position where the sample processing module can grab it. The sample processing module transfers the sample cup conveyed by the sample cup conveying channel to the cover opening positioning sleeve. The cover opening module opens and closes the cover of the sample cup. The sample processing module also transfers the inoculation needle and the smear pen, so that the inoculation needle and the smear pen move between the inoculation needle seat, the cover opening positioning sleeve, the infrared sterilizer and the smear position. The inoculation needle dips the biological sample in the sample cup and applies the biological sample to the slide located at the smear position. The smear pen evenly applies the biological sample on the slide. The infrared sterilizer sterilizes the inoculation needle and the smear pen. The slide processing module moves the slide between the slide placement box, the smear position and the slide collection rack. Since the smear pen has an adaptive smear head, the biological sample on the slide can be evenly applied even if the slide is not laid flat.

[0009] In the above-mentioned automatic smear device for microbial samples, the smear pen includes an end cap, a smear rod connected to the end cap and the above-mentioned adaptive smear head, the smear rod is provided with a downwardly arranged groove, the adaptive smear head is rotatably arranged in the groove through a horizontally extending rotating shaft, and the lower end of the adaptive smear head has a smear surface.

[0010] When smearing, the smear pen moves along the length direction of the slide, and the rotating shaft extends along the movement direction of the smear pen during smearing. When the slide is tilted in the width direction, the adaptive smear head can rotate around the rotating shaft so that the smear surface is always parallel to the upper surface of the slide.

[0011] In the above-mentioned automatic smear device for microbial samples, a guide cylinder is provided at the lower end of the end cover, the smear rod is slidably fitted in the guide cylinder and the lower end of the smear rod extends out from the lower end of the guide cylinder, a limit step is provided at the lower end of the guide cylinder, and a limit stop edge is provided at the upper end of the smear rod opposite to the limit step. An elastic member is provided in the guide cylinder, and the limit stop edge rests on the limit step under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member.

[0012] The limit stop edge and the limit step can prevent the smear rod from escaping from the guide cylinder. The elastic member is preferably a spring, and can also be other retractable members, such as a rubber member. The side of the limit step is a first anti-rotation plane, and the side of the smear rod is provided with a second anti-rotation plane arranged opposite to the anti-rotation plane. Under the action of the first anti-rotation plane and the second anti-rotation plane, the smear rod can be prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction. When the glass slide is tilted in the length direction, the smear rod slides in the guide cylinder through the extrusion of the glass slide, and under the action of the elastic member, the distance from the smear surface to the upper surface of the glass slide is always equal.

[0013] In the above-mentioned automatic smear device for microbial samples, the two ends of the smear surface are respectively provided with downwardly protruding protrusions, the two protrusions are distributed along the width direction of the slide glass located at the smear position, and the distance between the two protrusions is smaller than the width of the slide glass.

[0014] The two protrusions are arranged at the same height. When smearing, the two protrusions are against the slide glass. The smear surface and the upper surface of the slide glass form a molding space. The biological sample is molded in the molding space. The thickness of the biological sample is equal to the distance from the smear surface to the upper surface of the slide glass.

[0015] In the above-mentioned automatic smear device for microbial samples, a glass slide drying and adsorption module is provided on the flat plate, and the glass slide drying and adsorption module includes a drying box with a cavity inside and a negative pressure system arranged under the flat plate, the drying box is provided with a placement plane for placing the glass slide, the cavity is provided with a heating plate located below the placement plane, the air inlet of the negative pressure system is connected to the cavity, and the placement plane is provided with a plurality of through holes connected to the cavity.

[0016] In the above-mentioned automatic smear device for microbial samples, the outer top surface of the drying box has a plurality of downwardly concave placement cavities, the bottom surface of the placement cavity is a placement plane, and a plurality of through holes are arranged around the placement cavity. The heating plate is attached to the inner top surface of the drying box.

[0017] In the above-mentioned automatic smear device for microbial samples, the flat plate is provided with a filling module for adding layering liquid to the glass slide located at the smear position, and the frame is provided with a scanning head for identifying label information on the sample cup and a printer for printing relevant information on the glass slide.

[0018] In the above-mentioned automatic smearing device for microbial samples, the cover opening module and the smearing position are both provided with adsorption holes, and the adsorption holes are connected to the air inlet of the above-mentioned negative pressure system through a pipeline. The aerosol generated when opening the cover and the aerosol generated when applying can be sucked away by the adsorption holes in time and adsorbed by the high-efficiency filter.

[0019] In the above-mentioned automatic smear device for microbial samples, the negative pressure system comprises a fan, the air outlet of the fan is connected to an exhaust pipe, and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe is connected to a filter.

[0020] The smearing method of the automatic smearing device for microbiological samples comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Place the sample cup into the sample cup conveying channel, and convey the sample cup to the end of the sample cup conveying channel through the sample cup conveying channel;

[0022] Step 2: The sample processing module uses a negative pressure suction cup to transfer the sample cup at the end of the sample cup conveying channel to the oscillation position for oscillation and homogenization, and then transfers it to the lid opening positioning sleeve, and the lid opening positioning sleeve is transferred to the bottom of the lid opening module through the screw module provided on the flat plate;

[0023] Step 3: The cover opening module sucks the cover of the sample cup through the suction cup and rotates to separate the cover from the sample cup, and the screw module returns the opened sample cup;

[0024] Step 4: The sample processing module absorbs the inoculation needle on the inoculation needle holder, dips the biological sample in the sample cup and transfers it to the slide that has been moved from the slide placement box to the smear position by the slide processing module in advance;

[0025] Step 5: The screw module returns the cover opening positioning sleeve to the bottom of the cover opening module, and the cover opening module covers the cup cover on the sample cup again; the sample processing module moves the inoculation needle to the infrared sterilizer for disinfection and then puts it back into the inoculation needle holder;

[0026] Step 6: The filling module adds the layering liquid delivered by the peristaltic pump to the glass slide at the smear position; the sample processing module takes the smear pen to smear the biological sample on the glass slide, and then moves the smear pen to the infrared sterilizer for disinfection and then puts it back into the inoculation needle holder;

[0027] Step 7: The sample processing module moves the sample cup on the open cover positioning sleeve to the sample cup collection position on the flat plate;

[0028] Step 8: The slide processing module places the slide at the smear position into the slide drying and adsorption module to evaporate the liquid on the slide and adsorb the aerosol;

[0029] Step 9: The slide processing module moves the dried slide to the top of the infrared sterilizer to thermally fix the biological sample, and then moves it to the printer to print relevant information on the slide;

[0030] Step 10: The slide processing module sends the printed slides to the slide collection rack and places the slides layer by layer in the slide collection rack.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0032] Since the smear pen has an adaptive smear head, when the glass slide is tilted in the width direction, the adaptive smear head can rotate around the rotating shaft so that the smear surface is always parallel to the upper surface of the glass slide. When the glass slide is tilted in the length direction, the smear rod slides in the guide cylinder through the squeezing of the glass slide, and the raised part is always against the upper surface of the glass slide under the action of the elastic member, so the smear effect is good; the aerosol generated when opening the cover, the aerosol generated when drying the slide, and the aerosol generated when coating can be sucked away in time by the negative pressure system and adsorbed by the high-efficiency filter to prevent air pollution; the sample cups can be arranged in a rectangular array in the cup cavity, which is conducive to the recycling of the sample cups. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic smear device for microbiological samples.

[0034] Figure 2 It is another structural schematic diagram of the automatic smear device for microbiological samples.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sample processing module and the plate.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cover opening module and the flat plate.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cover opening module, a slide processing module and a flat plate.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the automatic smear device for microbiological samples.

[0039] Figure 7 It is another schematic diagram of the partial structure of the automatic smear device for microbiological samples.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a smear pen.

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a diagram of the explosion of the smear pen.

[0042] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of a smear pen.

[0043] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a glass slide drying and adsorption module.

[0044] Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view of the slide drying adsorption module.

[0045] In the figure, 1, rack; 2, plate; 3, sample cup conveying channel; 4, cover opening positioning sleeve; 5, sample cup discarding position; 6, inoculation needle seat; 7, infrared sterilizer; 8, slide placement box; 9, slide collection rack; 10, smear position; 11, sample processing module; 12, cover opening module; 13, slide processing module; 14, inoculation needle; 15, smear pen; 151, adaptive smear head; 152, end cover; 153, Smear rod; 154, slot; 155, smear surface; 156, guide cylinder; 157, elastic member; 158, raised portion; 16, slide drying adsorption module; 161, drying box; 162, partition; 163, heating plate; 164, through hole; 165, insertion port; 21, filling module; 22, scanning head; 23, printer; 24, screw module; 25, oscillation position; 26, filter; 27, idle platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The automatic microbial sample smearing device shown in the figure includes a frame 1, on which a plate 2 is arranged. In order to protect the internal mechanism of the frame 1, a protective shell (not shown in the figure) is arranged outside the frame 1. Figure 2-7 As shown, the flat plate 2 is provided with a sample cup conveying channel 3, an oscillating position 25, a cover opening positioning sleeve 4, a sample cup discarding position 5, an inoculation needle seat 6, an infrared sterilizer 7, a slide placement box 8, a slide collection rack 9 and a smear position 10, and is also provided with a filling module 21 for adding a layering liquid to the slide located at the smear position 10, a scanning head 22 for identifying the label information on the sample cup, a printer 23 for printing relevant information on the slide, and a slide drying and adsorption module 16 for drying the slide. The inoculation needle seat 6 is provided with an inoculation needle 14 and a smear pen 15 that can be transferred by the sample processing module 11, the slide placement box 8 and the slide collection rack 9 are arranged on the slide drying and adsorption module 16, the printer 23 is arranged on the slide collection rack 9, the scanning head 22 is directly opposite to the sample cup conveyed to the position by the sample cup conveying channel 3, and a screw module 24 is also provided on the flat plate 2, and the cover opening positioning sleeve 4 is arranged on the screw module 24. An oscillation module is provided at the oscillation position 25 for vibrating the sample cup placed thereon to mix the biological sample in the sample cup.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the rack 1 is provided with a sample processing module 11 for transferring the sample cup, a cover opening module 12 for opening and closing the cover, and a slide processing module 13 for transferring the slide. The cover opening module 12 opens and closes the cover of the sample cup, and the cover opening module 12 is located above the screw module 24. An existing cover opening device can be selected as the cover opening module 12, such as the sample cup cover opening and closing device applied by the applicant (authorization announcement number is CN211283664U). The sample processing module 11 transfers the sample cup transported to the position by the sample cup transport channel 3 to the cover opening positioning sleeve 4, and transfers the sample cup located in the cover opening positioning sleeve 4 to the sample cup discarding position 5, and also transfers the inoculation needle 14 and the smear pen 15, so that the inoculation needle 14 and the smear pen 15 move between the inoculation needle seat 6, the cover opening positioning sleeve 4, the infrared sterilizer 7 and the smear position 10. The inoculation needle 14 dips the biological sample in the sample cup and applies the biological sample to the glass slide located at the smear position 10. The smear pen 15 evenly applies the biological sample on the glass slide. The infrared sterilizer 7 sterilizes the inoculation needle 14 and the smear pen 15. The glass slide processing module 13 moves the glass slide between the glass slide placement box 8, the smear position 10 and the glass slide collection rack 9.

[0049] like Figure 8-10 As shown, the smear pen 15 comprises an end cap 152, a smear rod 153 connected to the end cap 152, and an adaptive smear head 151 adapted to the upper surface of the glass slide located at the smear position 10, the smear rod 153 is provided with a groove 154 arranged downward, the adaptive smear head 151 is arranged in the groove 154 by rotating through a horizontally extending rotating shaft, and the lower end of the adaptive smear head 151 has a smear surface 155, and the smear surface 155 is parallel to the upper surface of the glass slide, or is arranged obliquely relative to the upper surface of the glass slide. When the smear surface 155 is arranged obliquely relative to the upper surface of the glass slide, the intersection line between the surface where the smear surface 155 is located and the upper surface of the glass slide extends along the width direction of the glass slide, and the smear surface 155 is inclined forward along the smear direction.

[0050] When smearing, the smear pen 15 moves along the length direction of the glass slide, and the rotating shaft extends along the moving direction of the smear pen 15 when smearing. When the glass slide is tilted in the width direction, the adaptive smear head 151 can rotate around the rotating shaft so that the smear surface 155 is always parallel to the upper surface of the glass slide. Since the smear pen 15 has the adaptive smear head 151, the biological sample on the glass slide can be evenly coated even if the glass slide is not laid flat.

[0051] like Fig.10 As shown, a guide cylinder 156 is provided at the lower end of the end cover 152, the smear rod 153 is slidably fitted in the guide cylinder 156 and the lower end of the smear rod 153 extends out from the lower end of the guide cylinder 156, a limiting step is provided at the lower end of the guide cylinder 156, a limiting stop edge is provided at the upper end of the smear rod 153 and is arranged opposite to the limiting step, an elastic member 157 is provided in the guide cylinder 156, and the limiting stop edge abuts against the limiting step under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member 157.

[0052] The limit stop and the limit step can prevent the smear rod 153 from coming out of the guide cylinder 156. The elastic member 157 is preferably a spring, and can also be other retractable members, such as a rubber member. The side of the limit step is a first anti-rotation plane, and the side of the smear rod 153 is provided with a second anti-rotation plane arranged opposite to the anti-rotation plane. Under the action of the first anti-rotation plane and the second anti-rotation plane, the smear rod 153 can be prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction. When the slide glass tilts in the length direction, the smear rod 153 slides in the guide cylinder 156 by the extrusion of the slide glass, and under the action of the elastic member 157, the distance from the smear surface 155 to the upper surface of the slide glass is always equal.

[0053] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, the two ends of the smear surface 155 are respectively provided with a downwardly protruding protrusion 158, and the two protrusions 158 are distributed along the width direction of the glass slide located at the smear position 10, and the distance between the two protrusions 158 is less than the width of the glass slide. The two protrusions 158 are arranged at the same height, and the two protrusions 158 abut against the glass slide during smearing, and the smear surface 155 and the upper surface of the glass slide form a molding space, and the biological sample is molded in the molding space. The thickness of the biological sample is equal to the distance from the smear surface 155 to the upper surface of the glass slide.

[0054] like Fig.12 As shown, a glass slide drying and adsorption module 16 is provided on the flat plate 2, and the glass slide drying and adsorption module 16 includes a drying box 161 with a cavity inside and a negative pressure system provided below the flat plate 2. The drying box 161 is provided with a placement plane for placing the glass slide, and a heating plate 163 is provided in the cavity below the placement plane. The air inlet of the negative pressure system is connected to the cavity, and a plurality of through holes 164 connected to the cavity are provided on the placement plane. Specifically, as Fig.12 As shown, the outer top surface of the drying box 161 has a plurality of downwardly recessed placement cavities 162 , the bottom surface of the placement cavities 162 is a placement plane, and a plurality of through holes 164 are arranged around the placement cavities 162 .

[0055] Specifically, the negative pressure system includes a fan, the air outlet of the fan is connected to an exhaust pipe, and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe is connected to a filter. When the negative pressure system is working, the cavity forms a negative pressure state, and the aerosol generated by heating is adsorbed through the through hole 164, and the aerosol is adsorbed by the high-efficiency filter arranged at the air outlet of the negative pressure system.

[0056] In the utility model, Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, adsorption holes are provided at both the cover opening module 12 and the coating position 10, and the adsorption holes are connected to the air inlet of the negative pressure system through a pipeline. The aerosol generated when opening the cover and the aerosol generated when coating can be sucked away by the adsorption holes in time and adsorbed by the high-efficiency filter.

[0057] The smearing method of the automatic smearing device for microbiological samples comprises the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Place the sample cup into the sample cup conveying channel 3, and convey the sample cup to the end of the sample cup conveying channel 3 through the sample cup conveying channel 3; the sample processing module 11 uses a negative pressure suction cup to transfer the sample cup at the end of the sample cup conveying channel 3 to the scanning head 22, scans the barcode information on the sample cup, and the sample cup that meets the requirements enters the next step, and the sample cup that does not meet the requirements is transferred to the idle platform 27 to wait for centralized processing;

[0059] Step 2: The sample processing module 11 uses a negative pressure suction cup to transfer the sample cup that meets the requirements scanned by the scanning head 22 to the cover opening positioning sleeve 4, and the cover opening positioning sleeve 4 is transferred to the bottom of the cover opening module 12 through the screw module 24 provided on the flat plate 2;

[0060] Step 3: The cover opening module 12 sucks the cover of the sample cup through the suction cup and rotates to separate the cover from the sample cup, and the screw module 24 returns the opened sample cup;

[0061] Step 4: The sample processing module 11 absorbs the inoculation needle 14 on the inoculation needle holder 6, dips the biological sample in the sample cup and transfers it to the slide that has been moved from the slide placement box 8 to the smear position 10 by the slide processing module 13 in advance;

[0062] Step 5: The screw module 24 returns the cover opening positioning sleeve 4 to the bottom of the cover opening module 12, and the cover opening module 12 covers the cup cover on the sample cup again; the sample processing module 11 moves the inoculation needle 14 to the infrared sterilizer 7 for disinfection and then puts it back into the inoculation needle holder 6;

[0063] Step 6: The filling module 21 adds the layering liquid delivered by the peristaltic pump to the glass slide at the smear position 10; the sample processing module 11 takes the smear pen 15 to smear the biological sample on the glass slide, and then moves the smear pen 15 to the infrared sterilizer 7 for disinfection and then puts it back into the inoculation needle holder 6;

[0064] Step 7: The sample processing module 11 moves the sample cup on the cover opening positioning sleeve 4 to the sample cup discarding position 5 and discards the sample cup;

[0065] Step 8: The slide processing module 13 places the slide at the smear position 10 into the slide drying and adsorption module 16 to evaporate the liquid on the slide and adsorb the aerosol;

[0066] Step nine, the slide processing module 13 moves the dried slide to the top of the infrared sterilizer 7 to achieve thermal fixation of the biological sample, and then moves it to the printer 23 to print relevant information on the slide using the printer 23;

[0067] Step 10: The glass slide processing module 13 delivers the printed glass slides to the glass slide collection rack 9 and places the glass slides in the glass slide collection rack 9 layer by layer.

[0068] In some other embodiments, the sample cup discarding position 5 may not be set. In addition to being used to place sample cups that do not meet the requirements, the idle platform 27 is also used to place sample cups that have been processed and exited. In this case, step seven is: the sample processing module 11 moves the sample cups on the open cover positioning sleeve 4 to the idle platform 27. When the sample cups on the idle platform 27 are full, the sample cups are transferred manually.

[0069] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. A person skilled in the art of the present invention may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, but this will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic smearing device for microbiological samples, comprising a frame (1) on which a plate (2) is arranged, characterized in that: The flat plate (2) is provided with a sample cup conveying channel (3), an oscillating position (25), a cover opening positioning sleeve (4), an inoculation needle seat (6), an infrared sterilizer (7), a slide placement box (8), a slide collection rack (9) and a smear position (10); the frame (1) is provided with a sample processing module (11) for transferring the sample cup, a cover opening module (12) for opening and closing the cover and a slide processing module (13) for transferring the slide; the inoculation needle seat (6) is provided with an inoculation needle (14) and a smear pen (15) that can be transferred by the sample processing module (11); the smear pen (15) is provided with an adaptive smear head (151) that is adapted to the upper surface of the slide located at the smear position (10).

2. The automatic smear device for microbial samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smear pen (15) comprises an end cap (152), a smear rod (153) connected to the end cap (152) and the above-mentioned adaptive smear head (151), the smear rod (153) is provided with a downwardly arranged slot (154), the adaptive smear head (151) is rotatably arranged in the slot (154) via a horizontally extending rotating shaft, and the lower end of the adaptive smear head (151) has a smear surface (155).

3. The automatic smear device for microbial samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide cylinder (156) is provided at the lower end of the end cover (152), the smear rod (153) is slidably fitted in the guide cylinder (156) and the lower end of the smear rod (153) extends out from the lower end of the guide cylinder (156), a limiting step is provided at the lower end of the guide cylinder (156), a limiting stop edge is provided at the upper end of the smear rod (153) and is arranged opposite to the limiting step, an elastic member (157) is arranged in the guide cylinder (156), and the limiting stop edge abuts against the limiting step under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member (157).

4. The automatic smear device for microbial samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the smear surface (155) are respectively provided with downwardly protruding protrusions (158), the two protrusions (158) are distributed along the width direction of the slide glass located at the smear position (10), and the distance between the two protrusions (158) is smaller than the width of the slide glass.

5. The automatic smear device for microbial samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat plate (2) is provided with a glass slide drying and adsorption module (16), the glass slide drying and adsorption module (16) comprising a drying box (161) having a cavity therein and a negative pressure system arranged below the flat plate (2), the drying box (161) being provided with a placement plane for placing the glass slide, the cavity being provided with a heating plate (163) located below the placement plane, the air inlet of the negative pressure system being in communication with the cavity, and the placement plane being provided with a plurality of through holes (164) in communication with the cavity.

6. The automatic smear device for microbial samples according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer top surface of the drying box (161) has a plurality of downwardly recessed placement cavities (162), the bottom surface of the placement cavities (162) is the above-mentioned placement plane, and a plurality of through holes (164) are arranged around the placement cavities (162).

7. The automatic smear device for microbial samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat plate (2) is provided with a filling module (21) for adding layering liquid to the glass slide located at the smear position (10), and the frame is provided with a scanning head (22) for identifying label information on the sample cup and a printer (23) for printing relevant information on the glass slide.

8. The automatic smear device for microbial samples according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cover opening module (12) and the smearing position (10) are both provided with adsorption holes, and the adsorption holes are connected to the air inlet of the negative pressure system through pipelines.

9. The automatic microbial sample smearing device according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that: The negative pressure system comprises a fan, the air outlet of the fan is connected to an exhaust pipe, and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe is connected to a filter (26).

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