Differential millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization magnetoelectric dipole antenna

Abstract

The utility model provides a differential millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization magnetoelectric dipole antenna, which comprises a top layer dielectric plate, a middle layer dielectric plate and a bottom layer dielectric plate, the top layer dielectric plate and the bottom layer dielectric plate are connected through the middle layer dielectric plate, and an antenna radiator structure and four T-shaped structures are printed on the upper surface of the top layer dielectric plate. The antenna radiator structure is composed of four quarter-circle patches, each quarter-circle patch is provided with a first metalized blind hole, a T-shaped structure is arranged between every two adjacent quarter-circle patches, the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer dielectric plate are both metal grounds, and the middle-layer dielectric plate is provided with a first metalized blind hole and a second metalized blind hole. The first metalized blind hole penetrates through the middle-layer dielectric plate and is connected with the metal grounds on the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer dielectric plate respectively, four metal microstrip lines are arranged on the lower surface of the bottom-layer dielectric plate, each metal microstrip line is connected with one T-shaped structure, and the metal microstrip lines are provided with differential feed ports. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the antenna is high in gain, and saves the manufacturing cost and the processing difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a differential millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization magnetoelectric dipole antenna. Background Art

[0002] In the middle of the last century, Clavin first proposed the idea of ​​combining magnetic dipoles and electric dipoles. The main content of this idea is to place magnetic dipoles and electric dipoles in a certain position, feed them with appropriate phase and amplitude, so that their directional patterns on the E plane and H plane can complement each other, so as to obtain a good directional pattern. The magnetoelectric dipole antenna has the advantages of both electric dipole and microstrip antenna. The electric dipole has the characteristics of wide impedance, but there are problems such as large size, unstable gain and high cross-polarization level ratio; while the microstrip antenna can achieve a smaller antenna size and is easy to process, but the bandwidth is narrow and the backward radiation level is high. The magnetoelectric dipole antenna effectively balances the advantages and disadvantages of the two through its special structure.

[0003] Dual polarization is a widely used technology to increase communication capacity in a given spectrum and can meet the requirements of 5G communications. Dual polarization antennas have the ability to resist multipath fading, so they can improve the quality of received signals. Dual polarization antennas are able to simultaneously transmit and receive electromagnetic waves in two different polarization directions (usually +45° and -45°) at the same frequency and can reduce the number of antennas when deploying them. This design allows the antenna to process wireless signals in two different directions at the same time, thereby improving spectrum utilization and system capacity.

[0004] Differential feeding technology achieves the special performance of the antenna by exciting the two ports with differential (equal amplitude and anti-phase) signals. In microstrip patches, differential feeding technology can suppress the higher-order modes on the radiating patch. By inputting differential signals to a pair of feeding probes, the radiation between them will cancel each other out due to the same amplitude and opposite phase of the excitation currents, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing cross-polarization. In addition, differential feeding technology can also solve the problems caused by traditional single-port feeding technology. For example, when a single-port fed circuit is connected to other balanced circuits, an additional balun structure needs to be introduced, which not only increases the system volume, but also brings unnecessary system losses and reduces system efficiency. The differential feeding technology eliminates the use of the balun structure and uses two feeding ports to feed a pair of differential signals, which reduces system losses and improves the integration of the RF front end.

[0005] Defects of the existing technology:

[0006] The radiators of existing millimeter wave dual-polarized antennas are mostly microstrip structures, and the antenna bandwidth is relatively narrow. In addition, the feeding structure of millimeter wave dual-polarized antennas is relatively complex, and most of its feeding structures use multilayer boards for feeding, which increases the difficulty of processing. Finally, there are problems such as poor port isolation and cross-polarization. The following two problems need to be solved: first, to increase the bandwidth of the antenna and simplify its structure; second, to improve port isolation and cross-polarization. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna, including a top dielectric plate, an intermediate dielectric plate, and a bottom dielectric plate, wherein the top dielectric plate and the bottom dielectric plate are connected through the intermediate dielectric plate, and an antenna radiator structure and four T-shaped structures are printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric plate, wherein the antenna radiator structure is composed of four quarter-circular patches, each of which is provided with a first metallized blind hole, and each T-shaped structure is provided between every two adjacent quarter-circular patches, and both the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate dielectric plate are metal grounds, and the first metallized blind hole passes through the intermediate dielectric plate and is respectively connected to the metal grounds on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate dielectric plate, and four metal microstrip lines are provided on the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate, each of which is connected to one of the T-shaped structures, and the metal microstrip lines are provided with differential feeding ports.

[0008] As a further improvement of the utility model, an annular metal patch is printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric plate, the annular metal patch is arranged around the antenna radiator structure, and the annular metal patch is connected to the metal ground.

[0009] As a further improvement of the utility model, a plurality of second metallized blind holes are provided on the annular metal patch, and the second metallized blind holes respectively pass through the intermediate layer dielectric plate and are respectively connected to the metal grounds on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate layer dielectric plate.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a first metallized through hole is provided at the bottom end of each T-shaped structure, and the first metallized through hole passes through the middle layer dielectric board and the bottom layer dielectric board in sequence to connect the metal microstrip line on the lower surface of the bottom layer dielectric board.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, each quarter-circular patch is provided with an arc-shaped notch, the metallized through hole is located in the arc-shaped notch, and the length of the top of each T-shaped structure is equal to the radius length of the quarter-circular patch.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, each of the metal microstrip lines is perpendicular to an edge of the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate, and a pair of the metal microstrip lines arranged on two opposite edges of the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate is a differential feeding port.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, each metal microstrip line is provided with a second metallized through hole at one end thereof facing the center of the bottom dielectric plate, and the second metallized through hole is connected to the first metallized through hole.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the materials of the top dielectric board and the bottom dielectric board are both F4BM with a dielectric constant of 2.2. The middle dielectric board is an adhesive layer, and its material is FR4 with a dielectric constant of 4.4. The copper thickness of the metal ground on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric board is 1 ounce.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the impedance of each of the metal microstrip lines is 50Ω.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the metal microstrip line is rectangular.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, a metallized short-circuit blind hole is provided on each side of the first metallized through hole, and the metallized short-circuit blind hole is provided on the quarter-circular patch.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are: first, the differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna has high gain; second, the differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna has good broadband characteristics, can cover the entire Ka band, as well as 5G N257, N258, and N260 frequency bands, and has good port isolation in the entire frequency band; finally, the dual-polarized feeding structure of the differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna can be integrated on a single-layer dielectric board, saving manufacturing costs and processing difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a side view of the antenna of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the antenna of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the antenna of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is the return loss diagram of the utility model antenna;

[0023] Figure 5 This is the isolation diagram of the antenna port of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is the gain diagram of the antenna of the utility model;

[0025] FIG7 is a horizontal radiation diagram of the antenna of the utility model at different frequencies, (a) 28 GHz, (b) 34 GHz, (c) 40 GHz; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The utility model discloses a differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna, which uses four metal microstrip lines 16 with an impedance of 50Ω for differential feeding. The four metal microstrip lines of a bottom dielectric plate 3 are connected to four metal T-shaped structures 9 of a top dielectric plate 1 through four metalized through holes 20 at the ends. A short-circuit annular metallized patch 13 is added to the top dielectric plate 1 to improve the antenna gain, and is connected to the metal ground of the middle dielectric plate 2 through a second metallized blind hole 14.

[0027] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the utility model discloses a differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna, comprising a top dielectric plate 1, an intermediate dielectric plate 2, and a bottom dielectric plate 3. The top dielectric plate 1 and the bottom dielectric plate 2 are connected via the intermediate dielectric plate 2. The upper surface of the top dielectric plate 1 is an antenna radiator structure, and the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate 3 is a feeding structure.

[0028] The antenna radiator structure and four T-shaped structures 9 are printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric board 1. The antenna radiator structure is composed of four quarter-circular patches 5. Each of the quarter-circular patches 5 is provided with a first metallized blind hole 15. A T-shaped structure is provided between each two adjacent quarter-circular patches 5. The upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric board 2 are both metal grounds. The first metallized blind hole 15 passes through the middle dielectric board 2 and is respectively connected to the metal grounds on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric board 2. Four metal microstrip lines 16 are provided on the lower surface of the bottom dielectric board 3. Each metal microstrip line 16 is connected to one of the T-shaped structures 9. The metal microstrip line 16 is provided with a differential feeding port. The four quarter-circular patches 5 are equivalent to two pairs of electric dipoles. The first metallized blind hole 15 and the metal ground between the first blind holes 15 are equivalent to magnetic dipoles. The current is coupled to the quarter-circular patches 5 through the four T-shaped structures 9.

[0029] An annular metal patch 13 is printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric plate 1 . The annular metal patch 13 is arranged around the antenna radiator structure, and the annular metal patch 13 is connected to the metal ground.

[0030] The annular metal patch 13 is provided with a plurality of second metallized blind holes 14 . The second metallized blind holes 14 respectively pass through the intermediate dielectric plate 2 and are respectively connected to the metal ground on the lower surface of the intermediate dielectric plate 2 .

[0031] A first metallized through hole 10 is provided at the bottom end of each T-shaped structure 9 . The first metallized through hole 10 passes through the middle dielectric plate 2 and the bottom dielectric plate 3 in sequence to connect to the metal microstrip line 16 on the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate 3 .

[0032] Each quarter-circular patch 5 is provided with an arc-shaped notch, and the metallized through hole 10 is located in the arc-shaped notch. The length of the top of each T-shaped structure 9 is equal to the radius of the quarter-circular patch 5 .

[0033] Each of the metal microstrip lines 16 is perpendicular to one edge of the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate 3, and a pair of the metal microstrip lines 16 arranged on two opposite edges of the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate 3 is a differential feeding port. The metal microstrip line 16 is rectangular.

[0034] A second metallized through hole 11 is respectively provided at one end of each metal microstrip line 16 facing the center of the bottom dielectric plate 3 , and the second metallized through hole 11 is connected to the first metallized through hole 10 .

[0035] The materials of the top dielectric board 1 and the bottom dielectric board 3 are both F4BM with a dielectric constant of 2.2; the middle dielectric board 2 is an adhesive layer, whose material is FR4 with a dielectric constant of 4.4, and the copper thickness of the metal ground on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric board 2 is 1 ounce.

[0036] The antenna can cover the entire Ka band, as well as the 5G N257, N258, and N260 bands, and has good port isolation.

[0037] In order to simplify the realization of good broadband matching and simplify the antenna structure, the metal microstrip line 16 on the bottom dielectric board 3 and the T-shaped structure on the top dielectric board 1 are connected through metallized through holes (first metallized through hole 10, second metallized through hole 11), and two metallized short-circuit blind holes 6 are added on both sides of the first metallized through hole 10 to form a ground-signal-ground transmission structure to improve the impedance matching of the antenna; in addition, using a simple metal microstrip line 16 for feeding can avoid the crossover of the feed lines, and the feeding structure of the entire antenna can be integrated on a dielectric board, thereby simplifying the entire structure of the antenna.

[0038] In order to solve the problems of cross-polarization and poor isolation of dual-polarized antennas, the traditional two-port feeding is not used, but four-port feeding is adopted, which consists of differential ports in pairs. This method is relatively simple and easy to design. By inputting differential signals to a pair of feeding probes, the radiation between them will cancel each other out due to the same excitation current amplitude and opposite phase, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing cross-polarization and improving port isolation.

[0039] The innovative features of this utility model:

[0040] 1. The utility model performs differential feeding through four microstrip lines, and the four microstrip lines do not cross, so the feeding structure can be integrated on a dielectric board, which simplifies the antenna structure and makes processing easier;

[0041] 2. The utility model connects four metallized through holes to the feeder on the bottom surface, and there are two parallel metallized short-circuit blind holes on both sides, forming a ground-signal-ground transmission structure, which has good matching;

[0042] 3. A circle of short-circuit ring technology patches is added around the radiating structure to increase the gain of the antenna.

[0043] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0044] First, the differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna has high gain;

[0045] Secondly, the differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna has good broadband characteristics, can cover the entire Ka band, as well as the 5G N257, N258, and N260 bands, and has good port isolation in the entire band;

[0046] Finally, the dual-polarization feeding structure of the differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization magnetoelectric dipole antenna can be integrated on a single-layer dielectric board, saving manufacturing costs and processing difficulty.

[0047] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred implementations, and the specific implementation of the present invention cannot be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a top dielectric plate (1), an intermediate dielectric plate (2), and a bottom dielectric plate (3); the top dielectric plate (1) and the bottom dielectric plate (3) are connected via the intermediate dielectric plate (2); an antenna radiator structure and four T-shaped structures (9) are printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric plate (1); the antenna radiator structure is composed of four quarter-circular patches (5); each of the quarter-circular patches (5) is provided with a first metallized blind hole (15); each of the two adjacent quarter-circular patches (5) is provided with a T-shaped structure (9); the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate dielectric plate (2) are both metal grounds; the first metallized blind hole (15) passes through the intermediate dielectric plate (2) and is respectively connected to the metal grounds on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate dielectric plate (2); and four metal microstrip lines (16) are provided on the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate (3); each metal microstrip line (16) is connected to one of the T-shaped structures; and the metal microstrip line (16) is provided with a differential feeding port.

2. The differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular metal patch (13) is printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric plate (1); the annular metal patch (13) is arranged around the antenna radiator structure; and the annular metal patch (13) is connected to the metal ground.

3. The differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular metal patch (13) is provided with a plurality of second metallized blind holes (14), and the second metallized blind holes (14) respectively pass through the intermediate dielectric plate (2) and are respectively connected to the metal grounds on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate dielectric plate (2).

4. The differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first metallized through hole (10) is provided at the bottom end of each T-shaped structure (9), and the first metallized through hole (10) passes through the middle layer dielectric plate (2) and the bottom layer dielectric plate (3) in sequence to connect to the metal microstrip line (16) on the lower surface of the bottom layer dielectric plate (3).

5. The differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each quarter-circular patch (5) is provided with an arc-shaped notch, the metallized through hole (10) is located in the arc-shaped notch, and the length of the top end of each T-shaped structure (9) is equal to the radius length of the quarter-circular patch (5).

6. The differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the metal microstrip lines (16) is perpendicular to an edge of the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate (3), and a pair of the metal microstrip lines (16) arranged on two opposite edges of the lower surface of the bottom dielectric plate (3) form a differential feeding port.

7. The differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second metallized through hole (11) is provided at one end of each metal microstrip line (16) facing the center of the bottom dielectric plate (3), and the second metallized through hole (11) is connected to the first metallized through hole (10).

8. The differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the top dielectric plate (1) and the bottom dielectric plate (3) are both F4BM with a dielectric constant of 2.

2. The middle dielectric plate (2) is an adhesive layer, and its material is FR4 with a dielectric constant of 4.

4. The copper thickness of the metal ground on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric plate (2) is 1 ounce.

9. The differential millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impedance of each metal microstrip line (16) is 50Ω, and the metal microstrip line (16) is rectangular.

10. The differential millimeter wave broadband dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: A metallized short-circuit blind hole (6) is provided on each side of the first metallized through hole (10), and the metallized short-circuit blind hole (6) is provided on the quarter-circular patch (5).

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