Multi-port compact V2X antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-port compact V2X antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a metal ground layer, the top surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with four antenna units in rotational symmetry, each antenna unit comprises a feed branch knot and a radiation branch knot, the radiation branch knot is circular, the feed branch knot is in an isosceles trapezoid shape, and the feed branch knot is provided with a metal ground layer. The upper bottom edge of the feed branch knot is connected with the radiation branch knot, the radiation branch knot is provided with a circular slot and two symmetrically arranged concave slots, the openings of the two concave slots face each other, and the circular slot is located between the two concave slots and is concentric with the radiation branch knot; a gap between any two antenna units is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm; the center of the top surface of the dielectric substrate is also provided with a ring parasitic unit, the metal ground layer is provided with a window and four gaps, the window is arranged corresponding to the ring parasitic unit, and the gaps are arranged corresponding to gaps between two adjacent antenna units. The V2X antenna is compact in structure and good in antenna performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to a multi-port compact V2X antenna. Background Art

[0002] Existing automotive communication systems mostly use single-port directional antennas for V2X (5.85GHz~5.925GHz) communications, but single-port directional antennas have problems such as weak immunity to multipath interference and large signal loss. Existing multi-port MIMO antennas are generally large in size and cannot adapt well to the vehicle environment. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a multi-port compact V2X antenna.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a multi-port compact V2X antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, a metal stratum is provided on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, and four rotationally symmetrical antenna units are provided on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, the antenna unit comprises a feeding branch and a radiating branch, the radiating branch is circular, the feeding branch is isosceles trapezoidal, the upper bottom edge of the feeding branch is connected to the radiating branch, a circular slit and two symmetrically arranged concave slits are provided on the radiating branch, the openings of the two concave slits are arranged facing each other, the circular slit is located between the two concave slits and is co-centered with the radiating branch; the gap between any two of the antenna units is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm; a ring parasitic unit is also provided at the center of the top surface of the dielectric substrate, a window and four slits are provided on the metal stratum, the window is arranged corresponding to the ring parasitic unit, and the slit is arranged corresponding to the gap between two adjacent antenna units.

[0005] In one embodiment, the concave slit includes a first slit, a second slit and a third slit which are vertically connected in sequence, the first slit is symmetrical to the third slit, the width of the first slit is smaller than the width of the second slit, and the length of the first slit is smaller than the length of the second slit.

[0006] In one embodiment, the center of the radiation branch is located on the extension line of the central axis of the feeding branch.

[0007] In one embodiment, the dielectric substrate is a square plate, and the radiation branches of the four antenna units extend to four side walls of the dielectric substrate respectively.

[0008] In one embodiment, the length of the lower base of the feeding branch is smaller than the radius of the radiation branch.

[0009] In one embodiment, the four slots are rotationally symmetric.

[0010] In one embodiment, the slit has a bending portion.

[0011] In one embodiment, the window is polygonal, circular or elliptical.

[0012] In one embodiment, when the multi-port compact V2X antenna is viewed from a top-down perspective, the entire area of ​​the ring parasitic unit is located within the window.

[0013] In one embodiment, the ring parasitic unit includes a main body in the shape of a circular ring, the main body includes a plurality of concentric rings, each of the concentric rings has a hollowed-out area arranged at intervals of 180°, the circular angle corresponding to each of the hollowed-out areas is 90°, and the hollowed-out areas on two adjacent concentric rings are staggered.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] This V2X antenna supports four-port multi-input and output. The ring parasitic unit can reduce the vertical coupling effect between antenna units, and the gap on the metal stratum can reduce the coupling effect between antenna units, that is, the gap between the ring parasitic unit and the metal stratum enhances the isolation between antenna units, making the multi-port V2X antenna compact; the circular slits and concave slits on the radiating branches can effectively reduce the size of the antenna unit, making the multi-port V2X antenna more compact as a whole, so that the multi-port V2X antenna can be well adapted to the vehicle application environment. Compared with the single-port antenna, this V2X antenna is better immune to multipath interference, signal loss, etc., and through spatial multiplexing, it can increase the data carrying capacity without the need for additional bandwidth, and has better information transmission efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment from a top view;

[0019] Figure 3is a simulated S-parameter diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 : is an antenna efficiency diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5 The isolation simulation results of the multi-port compact V2X antenna in this embodiment are shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 6 The isolation simulation results of the multi-port compact V2X antenna in this embodiment are shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 7 The isolation simulation results of the multi-port compact V2X antenna in this embodiment are shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0024] Figure 8 : is the directional pattern of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment when operating at 5.85 GHz;

[0025] Fig. 9 : This is the directional diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment when operating at 5.925 GHz;

[0026] Fig.10 is an envelope coefficient diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment;

[0027] Fig.11 4 is a diversity gain diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment.

[0028] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0029] 1. Dielectric substrate;

[0030] 2. metal layer; 21. window; 22. gap; 221. bending part;

[0031] 3. Antenna unit; 31. Feed branch; 32. Radiating branch; 33. Circular slot; 34. Concave slot; 341. First slot; 342. Second slot; 343. Third slot;

[0032] 4. Ring parasitic unit; 41. Concentric rings; 42. Hollow area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the utility model, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0037] In addition, if the meaning of "and / or" appears in the full text is to include three parallel solutions, taking "and / or" as an example, it includes solutions, or solutions, or solutions that are satisfied at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this utility model.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Example

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 , the embodiment of the utility model is: please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 A multi-port compact V2X antenna for automotive communication systems.

[0041] The multi-port compact V2X antenna includes a dielectric substrate 1, a metal layer 2 is provided on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1, four rotationally symmetrical antenna units 3 are provided on the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1, the antenna unit 3 includes a feeding branch 31 and a radiating branch 32, the radiating branch 32 is circular, the feeding branch 31 is an isosceles trapezoid, the upper bottom edge of the feeding branch 31 is connected to the radiating branch 32, the length of the lower bottom edge of the feeding branch 31 is less than the radius of the radiating branch 32, and the radiating branch 32 is provided with a circular slit 33 and two symmetrically arranged concave slits 34 The openings of the two concave slits 34 are arranged in opposite directions, the circular slit 33 is located between the two concave slits 34 and is co-centered with the radiation branch 32; the gap between any two antenna units 3 is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm; a ring parasitic unit 4 is also provided at the center of the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and a window 21 and four slots 22 are provided on the metal layer 2, the window 21 is arranged corresponding to the ring parasitic unit 4, and the slot 22 is arranged corresponding to the gap between two adjacent antenna units 3, specifically, the four slots 22 are rotationally symmetric.

[0042] The antenna unit 3 adopts an isosceles trapezoidal feeding structure to obtain better matching when feeding the antenna, thereby improving the antenna performance; the setting of the ring parasitic unit 4 can reduce the vertical coupling between the antenna units 3, and the gap 22 on the metal layer 2 can significantly reduce the mutual coupling between the antenna units 3. The ring parasitic unit 4 and the gap 22 on the metal layer 2 constitute the decoupling structure of the multi-port compact V2X antenna.

[0043] The concave slit 34 includes a first slit 341, a second slit 342 and a third slit 343 which are vertically connected in sequence. The first slit 341 is symmetrical to the third slit 343. In this embodiment, the width of the first slit 341 is smaller than the width of the second slit 342, and the length of the first slit 341 is smaller than the length of the second slit 342.

[0044] The center of the radiation branch 32 is located on the extension line of the central axis of the feeding branch 31 , that is, the central axis of the feeding branch 31 is arranged along the radial direction of the radiation branch 32 .

[0045] In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 1 is a square plate, and the radiation branches 32 of the four antenna units 3 extend to the four side walls of the dielectric substrate 1. In detail, the central axes of the four feeding branches 31 are perpendicular to the four side walls of the dielectric substrate 1.

[0046] In order to make the overall size of the multi-port compact V2X antenna smaller, preferably, the four antenna units 3 are respectively arranged close to the four corners of the dielectric substrate 1.

[0047] Optionally, the slit 22 has a bending portion 221, and the slit 22 is in a broken line shape as a whole. In other embodiments, the slit 22 can also be in a straight line shape, a wave shape, or other shapes.

[0048] The window 21 is polygonal, circular or elliptical. In this embodiment, the window 21 is a regular hexagon. When the multi-port compact V2X antenna is viewed from a top view, the entire area of ​​the ring parasitic unit 4 is located within the window 21.

[0049] The ring parasitic unit 4 includes a main body in a circular ring shape, and the main body includes a plurality of concentric rings 41, each of the concentric rings 41 has a hollow area 42 arranged at intervals of 180°, and the circular angle corresponding to each hollow area 42 is 90°, and the hollow areas 42 on two adjacent concentric rings 41 are staggered. In this embodiment, the number of the concentric rings 41 is four, and in other embodiments, the number of the concentric rings 41 may be less than four or more than four, which is specifically set according to actual needs.

[0050] In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate has a length of 43 mm, a width of 43 mm, and a height of 1.575 mm.

[0051] Figure 3 : This is a simulated S-parameter diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment. The simulation results show that the bandwidth of the multi-port compact V2X antenna (-10dB) can cover 5.85GHz to 5.925GHz.

[0052] Figure 4 This is the antenna efficiency diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of the present embodiment. It can be seen from the diagram that the radiation efficiency of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of the present embodiment can reach more than 55%, indicating that the multi-port compact V2X antenna of the present embodiment has good radiation characteristics and can be applied to 5G automobile communication systems.

[0053] Figure 5-Figure 7 This is a diagram of the isolation simulation results of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment. Compared with the multi-port compact V2X antenna without the aforementioned decoupling structure, the multi-port compact V2X antenna with the aforementioned decoupling structure has an isolation improved by more than 5dB; the combined effect of the aforementioned decoupling structure increases the isolation between antenna units by more than 19dB, which has a very obvious antenna decoupling effect, and the isolation between antenna units is greatly improved.

[0054] Figure 8-Figure 9This is the directional diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment has good omnidirectionality in the 5.85GHz~5.925GHz frequency band. The radiation branch is an omnidirectional antenna in the 5.85GHz~5.925GHz frequency band. The gain can reach 3.9dBi at 5.85GHz and more than 4.5dBi at 5.925GHz. The multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment has good omnidirectionality. From the above simulation results, it can be seen that the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment can be an excellent choice for V2X MIMO communication.

[0055] Fig.10 is an envelope coefficient diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment; Fig.10 It can be seen that the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment is lower than 0.001, and the spatial multiplexing is good.

[0056] Fig.11 is a diversity gain diagram of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment; Fig.11 It can be seen that the hierarchical gain of the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment is 9.99dB, which is very close to the ideal 10dB hierarchical gain. It can be seen that the multi-port compact V2X antenna of this embodiment can achieve diversity performance without multipath distortion.

[0057] The above are only optional embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the utility model concept, or directly / indirectly used in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-port compact V2X antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a dielectric substrate, the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a metal layer, the top surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with four rotationally symmetrical antenna units, the antenna units comprise a feeding branch and a radiating branch, the radiating branch is circular, the feeding branch is isosceles trapezoidal, the upper bottom edge of the feeding branch is connected to the radiating branch, the radiating branch is provided with a circular slit and two symmetrically arranged concave slits, the openings of the two concave slits are arranged facing each other, the circular slit is located between the two concave slits and is co-centered with the radiating branch; the gap between any two of the antenna units is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm; a ring parasitic unit is also provided at the center of the top surface of the dielectric substrate, a window and four slits are provided on the metal layer, the window is arranged corresponding to the ring parasitic unit, and the slit is arranged corresponding to the gap between two adjacent antenna units.

2. The multi-port compact V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave slit includes a first slit, a second slit and a third slit which are vertically connected in sequence, the first slit is symmetrical to the third slit, the width of the first slit is smaller than the width of the second slit, and the length of the first slit is smaller than the length of the second slit.

3. The multi-port compact V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of the radiation branch is located on the extension line of the central axis of the feeding branch.

4. The multi-port compact V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate is a square plate, and the radiation branches of the four antenna units extend to the four side walls of the dielectric substrate respectively.

5. The multi-port compact V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the lower bottom side of the feeding branch is smaller than the radius of the radiation branch.

6. The multi-port compact V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four gaps are rotationally symmetric.

7. The multi-port compact V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slit has a bent portion.

8. The multi-port compact V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The window is polygonal, circular or elliptical.

9. The multi-port compact V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the multi-port compact V2X antenna is viewed from a top-down perspective, the entire area of ​​the ring parasitic unit is located within the window.

10. The multi-port compact V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring parasitic unit includes a main body in a circular ring shape, and the main body includes a plurality of concentric rings. Each of the concentric rings has a hollow area arranged at intervals of 180°, and the circular angle corresponding to each hollow area is 90°. The hollow areas on two adjacent concentric rings are staggered.

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