Driving power supply framework of motor controller

Abstract

The utility model provides a driving power supply framework of a motor controller, a power supply end is connected with a single-chip microcomputer through a control circuit, and the control circuit is used for controlling the power supply end to be normally connected with the single-chip microcomputer so as to supply power to the single-chip microcomputer; the emergency power supply end is connected with the single-chip microcomputer through the control circuit, and the control circuit is used for controlling whether the emergency power supply is communicated with the single-chip microcomputer or not. The control circuit comprises a first unilateral diode and a second unilateral diode, the first unilateral diode is arranged between the power supply end and the single chip microcomputer, and the second unilateral diode is arranged between the emergency power supply end and the single chip microcomputer; when the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer with conventional voltage, the first unilateral diode is turned on in the forward direction, the second unilateral diode is turned off in the reverse direction, and therefore the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer. When the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer at undervoltage lower than the conventional voltage, the first unilateral diode is cut off in the reverse direction, the second unilateral diode is conducted in the forward direction, and therefore the emergency power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of motor controllers, and in particular to a driving power supply architecture of a motor controller. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, their applications are becoming more and more extensive, and the safety requirements for new energy vehicles, such as electric vehicles, are becoming higher and higher. During the normal operation of the vehicle, if an electric vehicle suddenly encounters a power failure, it will cause the system to suddenly shut down, causing the motor torque and speed to lose control, and the vehicle will suddenly lose power, posing a serious safety hazard.

[0003] In the new energy electric control with existing functional safety requirements, when the KL30 (car battery power supply terminal) loses power, the backup power supply only guarantees the power supply of the safety circuit, but does not provide power for the microcontroller MCU. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above technical defects, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a driving power supply architecture of a motor controller.

[0005] The utility model discloses a driving power supply architecture of a motor controller, comprising:

[0006] A power supply terminal, the power supply terminal is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control the power supply terminal to be always connected to the single-chip microcomputer to supply power to the single-chip microcomputer;

[0007] An emergency power supply terminal, the emergency power supply terminal is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control whether the emergency power supply is connected to the single-chip microcomputer;

[0008] The control circuit includes a first unidirectional diode and a second unidirectional diode, wherein the first unidirectional diode is arranged between the power supply terminal and the single-chip microcomputer, the anode of the first unidirectional diode is connected to the power supply terminal, and the cathode of the first unidirectional diode is connected to the single-chip microcomputer; the second unidirectional diode is arranged between the emergency power supply terminal and the single-chip microcomputer, the anode of the second unidirectional diode is connected to the emergency power supply terminal, and the cathode of the second unidirectional diode is connected to the single-chip microcomputer;

[0009] When the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer at a normal voltage, the first unidirectional diode is forward-conducted and the second unidirectional diode is reverse-conducted, so that the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer; when the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer at an undervoltage lower than the normal voltage, the first unidirectional diode is reverse-conducted and the second unidirectional diode is forward-conducted, so that the emergency power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0010] Preferably, the control circuit also includes a switch component, which is respectively connected to the cathode of the first unidirectional diode, the cathode of the second unidirectional diode, and the single-chip microcomputer, and controls whether the emergency power supply is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the single-chip microcomputer.

[0011] Preferably, the switch assembly comprises a PMOS tube and an NMOS tube, the PMOS tube is arranged between the first unidirectional diode and the second unidirectional diode, and the NMOS tube is connected to the PMOS tube and the single chip microcomputer;

[0012] Therefore, the single chip microcomputer controls the PMOS tube to be turned on or off, thereby controlling whether the emergency power supply is connected to the single chip microcomputer.

[0013] Preferably, the switch component is a high-side switch.

[0014] Preferably, the switch assembly is a gas-electric switch.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a system basic chip, and the system basic chip is arranged between the control circuit and the single chip microcomputer.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a voltage stabilizing circuit and a safety logic circuit, one end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the emergency power supply end, and the other end is connected to the safety logic circuit, so that the emergency power supply end supplies power to the safety logic circuit through the voltage stabilizing circuit;

[0017] A third unidirectional diode is provided between the voltage stabilizing circuit and the safety logic circuit, the anode of the third unidirectional diode is connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the cathode of the third unidirectional diode is connected to the safety logic circuit.

[0018] Preferably, the system base chip is connected to the safety logic circuit, and a No. 4 unidirectional diode is provided between the system base chip and the safety logic circuit, the anode of the No. 4 unidirectional diode is connected to the system base chip, and the cathode of the No. 4 unidirectional diode is connected to the safety logic circuit, so that the power supply end supplies power to the safety logic circuit through the system base chip.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The high-voltage emergency power supply provides redundant power to the SBC system basic chip and the single-chip microcomputer MCU through the control circuit (that is, the switch component). When the battery power supply KL30 is undervoltage, it can be powered by the high-voltage emergency power supply to ensure that the MCU does not lose power and the CAN communicates normally;

[0021] 2. The switch component can be used to actively control whether the emergency power supply end is cut into the SBC system basic chip and the single-chip microcomputer MCU. For example, when the single-chip microcomputer MCU is started, the closed switch component can be actively controlled to achieve self-locking of power supply; when the system basic chip SBC or the single-chip microcomputer MCU fails, the high-voltage emergency power supply can be automatically cut off to ensure power supply safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a drive power supply architecture of a motor controller provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a first preferred embodiment of the control circuit provided by the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a second preferred embodiment of the control circuit provided by the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the third preferred embodiment of the control circuit provided by the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The advantages of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0028] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0029] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection of two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the following description, the suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention, and they themselves have no specific meaning. Therefore, "module" and "component" can be used interchangeably.

[0033] See attached Figure 1 The utility model discloses a driving power supply architecture of a motor controller, which is mainly used in the motor controller of an automobile, including a power supply end, an emergency power supply end, and a single-chip microcomputer MCU. The power supply end is, for example, a power supply battery of a new energy automobile, and the single-chip microcomputer MCU is the main control unit of the electric control part of the automobile, which can actively receive signals, process signals, and output signals. Under normal circumstances, the power supply battery of the automobile should be always connected to the main control unit to ensure that the electric control part does not lose power. On the basis of the power supply battery, the present invention also provides a high-voltage emergency power supply to compensate for the undervoltage of the power supply battery.

[0034] Specifically, the power supply terminal is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control whether the power supply terminal is always connected to the single-chip microcomputer to supply power to the single-chip microcomputer. The emergency power supply terminal is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control whether the emergency power supply is connected to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0035] The present invention also uses a control circuit to control when to cut the high-voltage emergency power supply into the power supply circuit of the power supply battery and the single-chip computer MCU. Specifically, the control circuit includes a unidirectional diode No. 1 and a unidirectional diode No. 2. A unidirectional diode is a semiconductor device that only allows current to flow in one direction, from the anode to the cathode, and prevents current from flowing from the cathode to the anode. A P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor are combined together to form a PN junction. At the junction of the PN junction, a barrier region is formed due to the combination of the two types of semiconductors. When the anode is connected to a positive voltage relative to the cathode, it is called forward bias. Under forward bias conditions, the barrier region decreases and allows current to pass; when the anode is connected to a negative voltage relative to the cathode, it is called reverse bias. Under reverse bias conditions, the barrier region increases and prevents current from passing.

[0036] See attached Figure 2 The circuit structure diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the control circuit is shown, the first unidirectional diode of the control circuit is arranged between the power supply terminal and the single chip microcomputer, the anode of the first unidirectional diode is connected to the power supply terminal, and the cathode of the first unidirectional diode is connected to the single chip microcomputer. The second unidirectional diode of the control circuit is arranged between the emergency power supply terminal and the single chip microcomputer, the anode of the second unidirectional diode is connected to the emergency power supply terminal, and the cathode of the second unidirectional diode is connected to the single chip microcomputer. Through this arrangement, when the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer with a normal voltage, it is equivalent to the anode of the No. 1 unidirectional diode being connected to a positive voltage relative to the cathode, the No. 1 unidirectional diode is forward-conducted, the anode of the No. 2 unidirectional diode is connected to a negative voltage relative to the cathode, and the No. 2 unidirectional diode is reverse-cut off, so that the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer; when the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer with an undervoltage lower than the normal voltage, it is equivalent to the anode of the No. 1 unidirectional diode being connected to a negative voltage relative to the cathode, the No. 1 unidirectional diode is reverse-cut off, the anode of the No. 2 unidirectional diode is connected to a positive voltage relative to the cathode, and the No. 2 unidirectional diode is forward-conducted, so that the emergency power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0037] When the present invention is applied to the automotive field, it also includes a system basic chip of the vehicle, which is arranged between the control circuit and the single-chip computer. The high-voltage emergency power supply of the present invention provides redundant power supply to the SBC system basic chip and the single-chip computer MCU through the control circuit (that is, the switch component). When the battery power supply KL30 is undervoltage, the high-voltage emergency power supply can be used to ensure that the MCU does not lose power and the CAN communicates normally.

[0038] Furthermore, the control circuit also includes a switch component, through which the emergency power supply end can be actively controlled to cut into the SBC system basic chip and the single-chip microcomputer MCU. For example, when the single-chip microcomputer MCU is started, the switch component can be actively controlled to close to achieve self-locking of power supply; when the system basic chip SBC or the single-chip microcomputer MCU fails, the power supply of the high-voltage emergency power supply can be automatically cut off to ensure power supply safety. The switch component is respectively connected to the cathode of the first unidirectional diode, the cathode of the second unidirectional diode, and the single-chip microcomputer, and controls whether the emergency power supply is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the single-chip microcomputer.

[0039] A preferred embodiment is shown in the attached Figure 3 The circuit structure schematic diagram of the second preferred embodiment of the control circuit is shown, and the switch component includes a PMOS tube and an NMOS tube. The PMOS tube is arranged between the first unidirectional diode and the second unidirectional diode, and the NMOS tube is connected to the PMOS tube and the single-chip microcomputer; thus, the single-chip microcomputer controls the PMOS tube to be turned on or off, thereby controlling whether the emergency power supply is connected to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0040] A preferred embodiment is shown in the attached Figure 4 In the circuit structure diagram of the third preferred embodiment of the control circuit shown, the switch component is a high-side switch. In other embodiments, the switch component can also be selected as a gas-electric switch.

[0041] Preferably, the emergency power supply end is also connected to the safety logic circuit to provide power to the safety logic circuit when needed. In order to ensure that the current output from the high-voltage emergency power supply to the safety logic circuit remains stable within a certain range and avoid being affected by voltage fluctuations, a voltage stabilizing circuit is provided between the emergency power supply end and the safety logic circuit. One end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the emergency power supply end, and the other end is connected to the safety logic circuit. Thus, the current output from the emergency power supply end supplies power to the safety logic circuit through the voltage stabilizing circuit, thereby ensuring the power safety of the safety logic circuit.

[0042] A No. 3 unidirectional diode is provided between the voltage stabilizing circuit and the safety logic circuit, the anode of the No. 3 unidirectional diode is connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the cathode of the No. 3 unidirectional diode is connected to the safety logic circuit to ensure unidirectional transmission of current between the power supply end and the safety logic circuit.

[0043] Preferably, the system basic chip is connected to the safety logic circuit, and a No. 4 unidirectional diode is provided between the system basic chip and the safety logic circuit, the anode of the No. 4 unidirectional diode is connected to the system basic chip, and the cathode of the No. 4 unidirectional diode is connected to the safety logic circuit, so that the power supply end supplies power to the safety logic circuit through the system basic chip, ensuring unidirectional transmission of current between the system basic chip and the safety logic circuit.

[0044] It also includes an ignition circuit, which is connected to the output of the car battery (i.e., the above-mentioned power supply end); the BUCK-BOOST chip is respectively connected to the upper bridge drive power supply, the upper bridge drive chip, the lower bridge drive power supply, and the lower bridge drive chip; the BUCK-BOOST chip is used to provide a stable output voltage for the upper bridge drive power supply, the upper bridge drive chip, the lower bridge drive power supply, and the lower bridge drive chip under different input voltage conditions.

[0045] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention have better practicability and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any technician familiar with the field may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent effective embodiment. However, any modification or equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drive power supply architecture of a motor controller, characterized in that: include: A power supply terminal, the power supply terminal is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control the power supply terminal to be always connected to the single-chip microcomputer to supply power to the single-chip microcomputer; An emergency power supply terminal, the emergency power supply terminal is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control whether the emergency power supply is connected to the single-chip microcomputer; The control circuit includes a first unidirectional diode and a second unidirectional diode, wherein the first unidirectional diode is arranged between the power supply terminal and the single-chip microcomputer, the anode of the first unidirectional diode is connected to the power supply terminal, and the cathode of the first unidirectional diode is connected to the single-chip microcomputer; the second unidirectional diode is arranged between the emergency power supply terminal and the single-chip microcomputer, the anode of the second unidirectional diode is connected to the emergency power supply terminal, and the cathode of the second unidirectional diode is connected to the single-chip microcomputer; So that: When the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer at a normal voltage, the first unidirectional diode is forward-conducted and the second unidirectional diode is reverse-conducted, so that the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer; when the power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer at an undervoltage lower than the normal voltage, the first unidirectional diode is reverse-conducted and the second unidirectional diode is forward-conducted, so that the emergency power supply end supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer.

2. The drive power supply architecture of the motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit also includes a switch component, which is respectively connected to the cathode of the first unidirectional diode, the cathode of the second unidirectional diode, and the single-chip microcomputer, and controls whether the emergency power supply is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the single-chip microcomputer.

3. The drive power supply architecture of the motor controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch assembly includes a PMOS tube and an NMOS tube, the PMOS tube is arranged between the first unidirectional diode and the second unidirectional diode, and the NMOS tube is connected to the PMOS tube and the single chip microcomputer; Therefore, the single chip microcomputer controls the PMOS tube to be turned on or off, thereby controlling whether the emergency power supply is connected to the single chip microcomputer.

4. The drive power architecture of the motor controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch component is a high-side switch.

5. The drive power supply architecture of the motor controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch assembly is a gas-electric switch.

6. The drive power architecture of the motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a system basic chip, which is arranged between the control circuit and the single chip microcomputer.

7. The drive power supply architecture of the motor controller according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a voltage stabilizing circuit and a safety logic circuit, one end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the emergency power supply end, and the other end is connected to the safety logic circuit, so that the emergency power supply end supplies power to the safety logic circuit through the voltage stabilizing circuit; A third unidirectional diode is provided between the voltage stabilizing circuit and the safety logic circuit, the anode of the third unidirectional diode is connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the cathode of the third unidirectional diode is connected to the safety logic circuit.

8. The drive power supply architecture of the motor controller according to claim 7, characterized in that: The system basic chip is connected to the safety logic circuit, and a No. 4 unidirectional diode is provided between the system basic chip and the safety logic circuit, the anode of the No. 4 unidirectional diode is connected to the system basic chip, and the cathode of the No. 4 unidirectional diode is connected to the safety logic circuit, so that the power supply end supplies power to the safety logic circuit through the system basic chip.

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