Railway wagon coupler yoke upsetter
By designing a railway truck hook tail frame upsetting machine, and using upsetting dies and drive components to forge the round steel billet, the problems of low efficiency and high energy consumption of traditional forging processes are solved, and an efficient and low-cost production process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421512129.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-28
AI Technical Summary
In the manufacturing process of existing railway truck hook tail frames, the traditional free forging blank process has low production efficiency, high energy consumption and a lot of material waste, making it difficult to meet the forging needs of large-head end cross-sectional area.
A railway truck hook tail frame upsetting machine is designed, and the upsetting forming of round steel billets with cross-sections of Φ155-160 is achieved through the combination of upsetting die, vertical drive components, horizontal drive components and clamping components.
It improves production efficiency, reduces energy consumption and production costs, ensures molding quality, and meets the upsetting forming needs.
Smart Images
Figure CN222790519U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of forging a railway freight car hook tail frame, in particular to an upsetting machine for the railway freight car hook tail frame. Background Art
[0002] Hook frames are widely used in railway vehicle transportation. They are connected to the coupler by a hook pin, and together with other accessories such as buffers and follower plates, they constitute a coupler buffer device that connects, transfers and absorbs energy. Hook frames can be divided into fixed hook frames and rotating hook frames based on their working principles. At present, the manufacturing method of hook frames for railway vehicles in my country mainly adopts forging.
[0003] The rotating hook tail frame is mainly used for loading bulk cargo such as ore and coal, which can be unloaded by a dumper. The rotating forged hook tail frame (such as Figure 1 The structure of the hook tail frame (as shown in the figure) includes two heads, one of which has a large cross-section (i.e., the large head end 1), and the other has a small cross-section (i.e., the small head end 2), and also includes a tail plate and frame plates on both sides; since the cross-sectional area of the large head end 1 of the hook tail frame has reached the cross-sectional area of a round steel billet equivalent to Φ185, it exceeds the roll forging range of a 1-meter roll forging machine; therefore, currently only free forging can be used for billet production, that is, free forging billet production by heating with one fire; and die forging by heating with two fires, through trimming-bending-shaping forming, the traditional forging process method uses free forging billet production, and the production efficiency of the free forging process is low, and the billet production requires two fires for heating, which consumes a lot of energy and wastes a lot of materials. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The upsetting machine can be used to upset and forge blanks, thereby reducing energy consumption, improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following solutions:
[0006] The utility model provides an upsetting machine for a railway freight car hook tail frame, comprising an upsetting die, a vertical driving component, a horizontal driving component and a clamping component; the upsetting die comprises a punch, an upper die and a lower die, the bottom end of the upper die is provided with an upper cavity, the top end of the lower die is provided with a lower cavity, the bottom end of the upper die can be fitted with the top end of the lower die so that the upper cavity and the lower cavity enclose a forming cavity, the two sides of the forming cavity are open, the forming cavity is used to place the end of the blank to be upset, the punch can squeeze the blank to be upset through the opening on one side of the forming cavity forging end; a vertical driving component is connected to the upper die and is used to drive the upper die to move vertically to approach or move away from the lower die; a horizontal driving component is arranged on one side of the upsetting die, and is connected to the punch, and is used to drive the punch to move horizontally to approach or move away from the end to be upset; a clamping component is arranged on the side of the upsetting die away from the horizontal driving component, the clamping component is used to clamp the blank, and can drive the blank to move so that the end to be upset extends into and / or extends between the lower cavity and the upper cavity.
[0007] Preferably, it further comprises a lifting component, which is arranged on a side of the upsetting die away from the horizontal driving component; the lifting component can be connected to the blank and drive the blank to move vertically so that the blank is separated from the lower cavity.
[0008] Preferably, it also includes a machine base, which is used to be fixedly arranged on a fixed surface; a crossbeam is fixedly arranged above the machine base, the vertical driving component is fixedly arranged on the crossbeam, and the horizontal driving component, the lower mold and the lifting component are all fixedly arranged on the machine base.
[0009] Preferably, a plurality of columns are fixedly connected between the crossbeam and the machine base, and at least one connecting rod is fixedly connected between the crossbeam and the horizontal driving component.
[0010] Preferably, at least one connecting plate is fixedly connected between the horizontal driving component and the lower mold.
[0011] Preferably, the upper cavity and the lower cavity are symmetrically arranged, and both the upper cavity and the lower cavity have a connected first cavity and a second cavity along the direction away from the horizontal driving component, the cross-sectional size of the first cavity is larger than the cross-sectional size of the second cavity, and the cross-sectional size of the second cavity gradually decreases along the direction away from the horizontal driving component.
[0012] Preferably, the distance between two opposite side surfaces of the second cavity gradually decreases in a direction away from the horizontal driving component.
[0013] Preferably, a damping platform is provided at the connection between the first cavity and the second cavity in the lower cavity.
[0014] Preferably, the horizontal driving component, the vertical driving component and the lifting component are all configured as driving cylinders.
[0015] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a feeding cylinder and a clamping arm, the clamping arm is used to clamp the end of the blank away from the end to be upset, the feeding cylinder is fixedly connected to the clamping arm, and can drive the clamping arm to move the blank in a direction away from or close to the upset die.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following technical effects:
[0017] The utility model provides a railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine, which clamps the blank through a clamping component, and drives the end of the blank to be upset to move between the upper die and the lower die, and then the upper die moves downward under the drive of the vertical driving component to close the upper cavity and the lower cavity to form a forming cavity, and at the same time, the end to be upset can be vertically extruded and deformed during the die closing process, and the punch can horizontally extrude the end to be upset under the action of the horizontal driving component, so that the end to be upset is deformed to fit together under the action of the horizontal and vertical extrusion forces. The inner wall of the forming cavity is formed with the big head end of the forming blank to ensure the forming quality. After the blank is formed, it is demolded and moved by the clamping component, wherein the cross-sectional area of the forming cavity is consistent with the cross-sectional area of the big head end of the forming blank, meeting the upsetting forming requirements. Compared with the traditional use of Φ185 cross-section round steel billets for free forging, the upsetting machine provided by the utility model can upset and form round steel billets with cross-sections of Φ155-160, and complete the forging forming in one fire, which greatly improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rotary hook tail frame forging;
[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the billet before upsetting;
[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the blank after upsetting;
[0022] Figure 4 A front view schematic diagram of a railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine provided in Example 1;
[0023] Figure 5A left side schematic diagram of a railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine provided in Example 1;
[0024] Figure 6 A schematic top view (partial) of a railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine provided in Example 1;
[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the upsetting die provided in Example 1.
[0026] In the figure: 1-big head end; 2-small head end; 3-upsetting die; 31-punch; 32-upper die; 33-lower die; 34-upper cavity; 35-lower cavity; 36-first cavity; 37-second cavity; 38-damping table; 4-blank; 5-vertical driving component; 6-horizontal driving component; 7-clamping component; 71-feeding cylinder; 72-clamping arm; 8-lifting component; 9-machine base; 91-crossbeam; 92-column; 93-connecting rod; 94-connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0028] The utility model aims to provide a railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The upsetting machine can be used to upset and forge blanks, thereby reducing energy consumption, improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.
[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0030] Embodiment 1
[0031] The utility model provides a railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine, see Figure 4-Figure 7, specifically including an upsetting die 3, a vertical driving component 5, a horizontal driving component 6 and a clamping component 7; the upsetting die 3 includes a punch 31, an upper die 32 and a lower die 33, the bottom end of the upper die 32 has an upper cavity 34, the top end of the lower die 33 has a lower cavity 35, the bottom end of the upper die 32 can be fitted with the top end of the lower die 33 so that the upper cavity 34 and the lower cavity 35 form a forming cavity, the two sides of the forming cavity are open, the forming cavity is used to place the end of the blank 4 to be upset, the punch 31 can squeeze the blank 4 to be upset through the opening on one side of the forming cavity end; the vertical driving component 5 is connected to the upper die 32 and is used to drive the upper die 32 to move vertically to approach or move away from the lower die 33; the horizontal driving component 6 is arranged on one side of the upsetting die 3, and is connected to the punch 31, and is used to drive the punch 31 to move horizontally to approach or move away from the end to be upset; the clamping component 7 is arranged on the side of the upsetting die 3 away from the horizontal driving component 6, the clamping component 7 is used to clamp the blank 4, and can drive the blank 4 to move so that the end to be upset extends into and / or extends between the lower cavity 35 and the upper cavity 34.
[0032] The blank 4 is clamped by the clamping component 7, and the end of the blank 4 to be upset is driven to move between the upper die 32 and the lower die 33, and then the upper die 32 is driven by the vertical driving component 5 to move downward and close the mold with the lower die 33 so that the upper cavity 34 and the lower cavity 35 are closed to form a forming cavity. At the same time, the end to be upset can be vertically extruded and deformed during the closing process, and the punch 31 can horizontally extrude the end to be upset under the action of the horizontal driving component 6, so that the end to be upset is deformed by the horizontal and vertical extrusion forces to fit the inner wall of the forming cavity to form the large head end 1 of the blank 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the forming quality is guaranteed. After the blank 4 is formed, it is demolded and moved by the clamping component 7, wherein the cross-sectional area of the forming cavity is consistent with the cross-sectional area of the large head end 1 of the formed blank 4, meeting the requirements of upsetting forging. Compared with the traditional use of round steel blanks with a cross-section of Φ185 for free forging, the upsetting machine provided by the utility model can forge round steel blanks with a cross-section of Φ155-160 (such as Figure 2 ) is used for upsetting and forging, and the forging is completed in one fire, which greatly improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost.
[0033] Among the optional schemes of the present embodiment, it is more preferred that the railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine provided in the present embodiment also includes a lifting component 8, and the lifting component 8 is arranged on the side of the upsetting die 3 away from the horizontal driving component 6; the lifting component 8 can be connected to the blank 4 and drive the blank 4 to move vertically to make the blank 4 separate from the lower cavity 35; by setting the lifting component 8, the blank 4 can be assisted in being demolded from the lower die 33.
[0034] Further preferably, the horizontal driving component 6, the vertical driving component 5 and the lifting component 8 are all configured as driving cylinders such as hydraulic cylinders, which can meet the requirements of linear driving.
[0035] Among the optional schemes of the present embodiment, it is more preferred that the railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine provided in the present embodiment also includes a machine base 9, which is used to be fixedly arranged on a fixed surface and supported as a whole by the machine base 9; a crossbeam 91 is fixedly arranged above the machine base 9, and the vertical driving component 5 can be fixedly arranged on the crossbeam 91 by bolts; the horizontal driving component 6, the lower die 33 and the jacking component 8 can all be fixedly arranged on the machine base 9 by bolts; wherein the clamping component 7 is arranged on one side of the machine base 9 and can be fixedly arranged on the fixed surface.
[0036] Among the optional solutions of this embodiment, it is more preferred to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 There are multiple columns 92 fixedly connected between the crossbeam 91 and the machine base 9, and the crossbeam 91 is supported by the columns 92; there is at least one connecting rod 93 fixedly connected between the crossbeam 91 and the horizontal driving component 6, wherein the connecting rod 93 can be set to two, one end of the connecting rod 93 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 91, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cylinder base of the horizontal driving component 6, thereby improving the overall connection stability.
[0037] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that at least one connecting plate 94 is fixedly connected between the horizontal driving component 6 and the lower mold 33; specifically, connecting plates 94 are provided on both sides of the horizontal driving component 6, one end of each connecting plate 94 is fixedly connected to the lower mold 32 by bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cylinder seat of the horizontal driving component 6 by bolts, thereby improving the overall connection stability.
[0038] Among the optional solutions of this embodiment, it is more preferred to refer to Figure 7 The upper cavity 34 and the lower cavity 35 are symmetrically arranged to facilitate mold closing to form a forming cavity; the upper cavity 34 and the lower cavity 35 have a first cavity 36 and a second cavity 37 that are connected along the direction away from the horizontal driving component 6, and the cross-sectional size of the first cavity 36 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the second cavity 37, and the cross-sectional size of the second cavity 37 gradually decreases along the direction away from the horizontal driving component 6, meeting the required cross-sectional shape of the big head end 1 of the rotary hook tail frame; and by setting the cross-sectional area of the second cavity 37 to gradually decrease, it can play a damping role on the flow of material in the first cavity 36, avoiding excessive flow of the blank 4 in the first cavity 36 to the second cavity 37, thereby improving the forming quality.
[0039] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the distance between the two opposite side surfaces of the second cavity 37 gradually decreases in the direction away from the horizontal driving component 6 to meet the required cross-section and shape of the big head end 1 of the rotary hook tail frame.
[0040] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that a damping platform 38 is provided at the connection between the first cavity 36 and the second cavity 37 in the lower cavity 35. By providing the damping platform 38, the flow of material in the first cavity 36 can be damped to avoid excessive flow of the blank 4 in the first cavity 36 to the second cavity 37, thereby improving the forming quality.
[0041] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the clamping component 7 includes a feeding cylinder 71 and a clamping arm 72, the clamping arm 72 is used to clamp the end of the blank 4 away from the end to be upset, the feeding cylinder 71 is fixedly connected to the clamping arm 72, and can drive the clamping arm 72 to drive the blank 4 to move in a direction away from or close to the upset die 3; wherein the feeding cylinder 71 is configured as a hydraulic cylinder that can be driven horizontally and can be fixed on the ground, and the clamping arm 72 is configured as a mechanical arm to meet the clamping and moving requirements.
[0042] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the vertical driving component 5, the horizontal driving component 6, the clamping component 7 and the lifting component 8 can be electrically controlled by an external PLC control cabinet to achieve automatic control.
[0043] The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine provided in this embodiment can be used to achieve upsetting between the roll forging process and the die forging process, that is, the blank 4 can be formed by the roll forging process first. Figure 2 The shape shown is then formed by upsetting Figure 3 The shape shown in the figure is then subjected to conventional die forging, trimming, bending, and shaping to form the final Figure 1 Hook tail frame shown.
[0044] The utility model uses specific examples to illustrate the principle and implementation of the utility model. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the utility model.
Claims
1. A railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine, characterized in that: include: An upsetting die (3) comprises a punch (31), an upper die (32) and a lower die (33); the upper die (32) has an upper cavity (34) at its bottom end, the lower die (33) has a lower cavity (35) at its top end, the upper die (32) can fit with the top end of the lower die (33) so that the upper cavity (34) and the lower cavity (35) form a forming cavity, the two sides of the forming cavity are open, the forming cavity is used to place the end of the blank (4) to be upset, and the punch (31) can extrude the end to be upset through the opening on one side of the forming cavity; A vertical driving component (5) connected to the upper mold (32) and used to drive the upper mold (32) to move vertically to approach or move away from the lower mold (33); A horizontal driving component (6) is arranged on one side of the upsetting die (3) and is connected to the punch (31), and is used to drive the punch (31) to move horizontally to approach or move away from the end to be upset; and A clamping component (7) is arranged on a side of the upsetting die (3) away from the horizontal driving component (6), and the clamping component (7) is used to clamp the blank (4) and can drive the blank (4) to move so that the end to be upset extends into and / or extends between the lower cavity (35) and the upper cavity (34).
2. The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lifting component (8), which is arranged on the side of the upsetting die (3) away from the horizontal driving component (6); the lifting component (8) can be connected to the blank (4) and drive the blank (4) to move vertically so that the blank (4) can be separated from the lower cavity (35).
3. The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a machine base (9), the machine base (9) being used to be fixedly arranged on a fixed surface; a crossbeam (91) is fixedly arranged above the machine base (9), the vertical driving component (5) is fixedly arranged on the crossbeam (91), and the horizontal driving component (6), the lower mold (33) and the lifting component (8) are all fixedly arranged on the machine base (9).
4. The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of columns (92) are fixedly connected between the crossbeam (91) and the machine base (9), and at least one connecting rod (93) is fixedly connected between the crossbeam (91) and the horizontal driving component (6).
5. The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one connecting plate (94) is fixedly connected between the horizontal driving component (6) and the lower mold (33).
6. The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper mold cavity (34) and the lower mold cavity (35) are symmetrically arranged, and the upper mold cavity (34) and the lower mold cavity (35) both have a first mold cavity (36) and a second mold cavity (37) that are connected along a direction away from the horizontal driving component (6), the cross-sectional size of the first mold cavity (36) is larger than the cross-sectional size of the second mold cavity (37), and the cross-sectional size of the second mold cavity (37) gradually decreases along a direction away from the horizontal driving component (6).
7. The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the two opposite side surfaces of the second cavity (37) gradually decreases in a direction away from the horizontal driving component (6).
8. The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A damping platform (38) is provided at the connection between the first cavity (36) and the second cavity (37) in the lower cavity (35).
9. The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal driving component (6), the vertical driving component (5) and the lifting component (8) are all configured as driving cylinders.
10. The railway freight car hook tail frame upsetting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping component (7) comprises a feeding cylinder (71) and a clamping arm (72); the clamping arm (72) is used to clamp the end of the blank (4) away from the end to be upset; the feeding cylinder (71) is fixedly connected to the clamping arm (72) and is capable of driving the clamping arm (72) to drive the blank (4) to move in a direction away from or close to the upset die (3).