Photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid for foaming
By adopting supercritical fluid foaming technology in photovoltaic module recycling, the problem of difficulty in removing EVA adhesive film in the prior art is solved, efficient adhesive film peeling is achieved, and resource waste and environmental pollution are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421776312.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing photovoltaic module recycling technology is difficult to efficiently remove EVA adhesive film, resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution.
The supercritical fluid foaming technology is adopted to heat and introduce carbon dioxide gas into the horizontal kettle body to react with the EVA film to reach a supercritical state, and then quickly release pressure to foam the EVA film, thereby improving its peeling efficiency.
The peeling efficiency of EVA film is significantly improved, and the peeling strength is reduced from 60N/cm to 8.52N/cm, reducing resource waste and environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN222792526U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic component recycling, in particular to a photovoltaic component stripping device utilizing supercritical fluid foaming. Background Art
[0002] Photovoltaics is a green energy source, and the photovoltaic industry is also a green industry. However, if this industry chain is to form a green closed loop, it is inseparable from the environmentally friendly recycling of photovoltaic modules after they are retired. At present, my country's photovoltaic module recycling industry is still in its infancy, and it is urgent to improve relevant policies and technical standards.
[0003] The EVA film and back sheet in photovoltaic modules can be good recycled plastics after extraction and processing. However, there is currently no green and practical technology to obtain EVA film and back sheet with relatively low impurity content, which results in the loss of raw materials in the production process and waste of resources. The main reason is that the front and back sides of the photovoltaic module, including the bonding surface of the photovoltaic back sheet, are fixed by EVA film, and the layered fixation of EVA film is carried out under high temperature vacuum compression, which has extremely high stability. It is very difficult to eliminate the adhesion of EVA film, which hinders the efficient recycling of photovoltaic modules.
[0004] Based on the debonding method adopted, current technologies generally include physical method, pyrolysis chemical method and solvent chemical method. The physical method is mainly based on mechanical crushing, which requires multi-stage crushing and material sorting. The processing process is relatively cumbersome, and the purity of the processed materials is limited. The use of chemical methods will produce some substances that are not conducive to the environment, and the processing process is contrary to the current green ecological process requirements. In general, there is currently a lack of a green, environmentally friendly, energy-saving and efficient EVA film debonding method. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming, which effectively solves the problem that the existing recycling device is not convenient for stripping and recycling the EVA film of the photovoltaic module.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming, comprising a horizontal kettle body, strip support seats are fixedly arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the horizontal kettle body, a sealing end cover is arranged at one end of the horizontal kettle body, an air inlet pipe and a pressure relief pipe are fixedly arranged at one end of the side of the horizontal kettle body, valves are arranged on the air inlet pipe and the pressure relief pipe, a movable photovoltaic module placement box is arranged inside the horizontal kettle body, the movable photovoltaic module placement box is composed of a supporting bottom plate, a plurality of auxiliary support assemblies, a flip support plate and a mesh frame, the auxiliary support assembly is inserted and connected to one end of the supporting bottom plate close to the sealing end cover, the flip support plate is rotatably connected to the top of the supporting bottom plate by a plurality of hinges, and the mesh frame is fixedly connected to the top of the flip support plate.
[0007] Preferably, a temperature meter and a pressure meter are interspersed in the middle of the top of the horizontal kettle body.
[0008] Preferably, the horizontal kettle body is composed of a metal shell, a heat-insulating jacket and an inner heating layer, the heat-insulating jacket is sleeved on the outer surface of the metal shell, and the inner heating layer is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the metal shell.
[0009] Preferably, T-shaped limit rails are fixedly provided on both sides of the bottom end of the horizontal kettle body, and T-shaped slide grooves slidably connected to the T-shaped limit rails are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the supporting bottom plate.
[0010] Preferably, a plurality of strip-shaped through grooves matching the auxiliary support components are opened at one end of the support base plate, and limit blocks matching the auxiliary support components are slidingly arranged inside the strip-shaped through grooves, and locking bolts matching the limit blocks are interspersed on both sides of the support base plate.
[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary support assembly is composed of a support frame, a spring shaft and a roller, the support frame is rotatably connected to one end inside the strip-shaped through groove through the spring shaft, and the roller is rotatably connected to the bottom end inside the support frame.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0013] (1) During operation, the photovoltaic backsheet can be placed by arranging an air inlet pipe, a pressure relief pipe, a temperature meter, a pressure meter, and a horizontal kettle body composed of a metal shell, a heat insulation jacket, and an inner heating layer. The interior of the horizontal kettle body is heated and carbon dioxide gas is introduced, and the carbon dioxide gas reaches a certain pressure to form saturation. Finally, the EVA film is foamed by rapid pressure relief treatment, thereby improving the stripping efficiency of the EVA film.
[0014] (2) By setting a T-shaped limit guide rail, a T-shaped slide groove, and a movable photovoltaic component placement box composed of a supporting bottom plate, a plurality of auxiliary support components, a flip support plate and a mesh frame, it is easy to place the shredded photovoltaic components. After the stripping work is completed, it is easy to pour out the materials, thereby improving the convenience of operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.
[0016] In the attached picture:
[0017] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of the photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming in the utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming in the utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the horizontal kettle of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable photovoltaic component placement box of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support assembly structure of the utility model;
[0022] In the figure: 1. horizontal kettle body; 2. strip support seat; 3. sealing end cover; 4. air inlet pipe; 5. pressure relief pipe; 6. valve; 7. movable photovoltaic module placement box; 8. support bottom plate; 9. auxiliary support assembly; 10. flip support plate; 11. mesh frame; 12. hinge; 13. thermometer; 14. pressure gauge; 15. metal shell; 16. thermal insulation jacket; 17. inner heating layer; 18. T-type limit guide rail; 19. T-type slide groove; 20. strip through groove; 21. limit block; 22. locking bolt; 23. support frame; 24. spring shaft; 25. roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0024] Depend on Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The utility model provides a photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming, comprising a horizontal kettle body 1, strip support seats 2 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the horizontal kettle body 1, a sealing end cover 3 is arranged at one end of the horizontal kettle body 1, an air inlet pipe 4 and a pressure relief pipe 5 are fixedly arranged at one end of the side of the horizontal kettle body 1, valves 6 are arranged on the air inlet pipe 4 and the pressure relief pipe 5, a movable photovoltaic module placement box 7 is arranged inside the horizontal kettle body 1, and the movable photovoltaic module placement box 7 is composed of a supporting bottom plate 8, a plurality of auxiliary supporting components 9, a flip support plate 10 and a mesh frame 11, the auxiliary supporting component 9 is inserted and connected to one end of the supporting bottom plate 8 close to the sealing end cover 3, the flip support plate 10 is rotatably connected to the top of the supporting bottom plate 8 through a plurality of hinges 12, and the mesh frame 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the flip support plate 10;
[0025] After cleaning and crushing the photovoltaic backsheet, place it inside the mesh frame 11, move the movable photovoltaic component placement box 7 to the inside of the horizontal kettle body 1, close the sealing end cover 3, control the horizontal kettle body 1 to heat, and when the heating temperature reaches 30°C-90°C, fill the horizontal kettle body 1 with carbon dioxide through the air inlet pipe 4, so that the internal pressure of the horizontal kettle body 1 reaches 12MPa, and the reaction time is set to 1 hour, so that the carbon dioxide reaches a supercritical state and fully reacts with the EVA film. After the reaction is completed, the pressure is quickly released through the pressure relief pipe 5, so that the EVA film foams, and then the EVA film is easier to peel off. The peeling strength of the EVA film after foaming is reduced from 60N / cm to 8.52N / cm, which greatly improves the peeling efficiency of the film;
[0026] Depend on Figures 1 to 3 It is shown that a temperature measuring instrument 13 and a pressure measuring instrument 14 are interspersed in the middle position of the top of the horizontal kettle body 1. The horizontal kettle body 1 is composed of a metal shell 15, a heat-insulating jacket 16 and an inner heating layer 17. The heat-insulating jacket 16 is sleeved on the outer surface of the metal shell 15, and the inner heating layer 17 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the metal shell 15.
[0027] The temperature and lateral pressure can be measured by the thermometer 13 and the pressure meter 14, the heat insulation can be achieved by the heat insulation jacket 16, and the heating can be achieved by the internal heating layer 17;
[0028] Depend on Figures 1 to 5It is given that T-shaped limit guide rails 18 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the horizontal kettle body 1, and T-shaped slide grooves 19 slidably connected to the T-shaped limit guide rails 18 are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the support bottom plate 8. A plurality of strip through grooves 20 matching the auxiliary support assembly 9 are provided at one end of the support bottom plate 8, and limit blocks 21 matching the auxiliary support assembly 9 are slidably arranged inside the strip through grooves 20, and locking bolts 22 matching the limit blocks 21 are interspersed on both sides of the support bottom plate 8. The auxiliary support assembly 9 is composed of a support frame 23, a spring shaft 24 and a roller 25. The support frame 23 is rotatably connected to one end of the strip through groove 20 through the spring shaft 24, and the roller 25 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the support frame 23.
[0029] The T-shaped limit guide rail 18 and the T-shaped slide groove 19 can facilitate the movement of the movable photovoltaic component placement box 7 inside the horizontal kettle body 1. When unloading, the movable photovoltaic component placement box 7 is pulled out from the inside of the horizontal kettle body 1, and the auxiliary support component 9 is manually pulled out from the inside of the strip groove 20 so that the roller 25 contacts the ground, and the limit block 21 is moved and locked by the locking bolt 22. The support frame 23 is limited by the limit block 21 to prevent the support frame 23 from automatically resetting due to the action of the spring shaft 24, thereby improving the stability of the support frame 23. After the flip support plate 10 and the mesh frame 11 are completely moved out from the inside of the horizontal kettle body 1, the mesh frame 11 is manually flipped to tilt the mesh frame 11, thereby facilitating the pouring of materials and improving the convenience of operation.
[0030] During operation, by providing an air inlet pipe, a pressure relief pipe, a thermometer, a pressure gauge, and a horizontal kettle body composed of a metal shell, a heat-insulating jacket and an inner heating layer, the photovoltaic backboard can be placed, and by heating the inside of the horizontal kettle body and introducing carbon dioxide gas, and making the carbon dioxide gas reach a certain pressure to form saturation, and finally through rapid pressure relief treatment to make the EVA film foam, thereby improving the stripping efficiency of the EVA film; by providing a T-shaped limit guide rail, a T-shaped slide groove, and a movable photovoltaic component placement box composed of a supporting bottom plate, a number of auxiliary support components, a flip support plate and a mesh frame, the shredded photovoltaic components can be placed conveniently, and after the stripping work is completed, it is convenient to pour out the material, thereby improving the convenience of operation.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming, comprising a horizontal kettle (1), characterized in that: Strip support seats (2) are fixedly arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the horizontal kettle body (1), a sealing end cover (3) is arranged at one end of the horizontal kettle body (1), an air inlet pipe (4) and a pressure relief pipe (5) are fixedly arranged at one end of the side of the horizontal kettle body (1), and valves (6) are arranged on the air inlet pipe (4) and the pressure relief pipe (5). A movable photovoltaic component placement box (7) is arranged inside the horizontal kettle body (1), and the movable photovoltaic component placement box (7) is composed of a supporting bottom plate (8), a plurality of auxiliary supporting components (9), a flip support plate (10) and a mesh frame (11), the auxiliary supporting component (9) is inserted and connected to one end of the supporting bottom plate (8) close to the sealing end cover (3), the flip support plate (10) is rotatably connected to the top end of the supporting bottom plate (8) through a plurality of hinges (12), and the mesh frame (11) is fixedly connected to the top end of the flip support plate (10).
2. The photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature measuring instrument (13) and a pressure measuring instrument (14) are interspersed in the middle of the top of the horizontal kettle body (1).
3. The photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal kettle body (1) is composed of a metal shell (15), a heat-insulating jacket (16) and an inner heating layer (17); the heat-insulating jacket (16) is sleeved on the outer surface of the metal shell (15), and the inner heating layer (17) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the metal shell (15).
4. The photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming according to claim 1, characterized in that: T-shaped limit rails (18) are fixedly arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the horizontal kettle body (1), and T-shaped sliding grooves (19) slidably connected to the T-shaped limit rails (18) are opened on both sides of the bottom end of the supporting bottom plate (8).
5. The photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of strip-shaped through grooves (20) matching the auxiliary support assembly (9) are provided at one end of the support base plate (8); a limit stopper (21) matching the auxiliary support assembly (9) is slidably arranged inside the strip-shaped through grooves (20); locking bolts (22) matching the limit stopper (21) are interspersed on both sides of the support base plate (8).
6. The photovoltaic module stripping device using supercritical fluid foaming according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary support assembly (9) is composed of a support frame (23), a spring shaft (24) and a roller (25); the support frame (23) is rotatably connected to one end of the strip-shaped through groove (20) via the spring shaft (24); and the roller (25) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the support frame (23).