Intelligent temperature-control wide-distribution type air-cooled frozen soil roadbed

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of frozen soil engineering, in particular to an intelligent temperature control wide-distribution type air-cooled frozen soil roadbed which comprises a first air-cooled regulation and control unit, an air power unit, a power supply unit, a temperature sensing unit and a control unit. The first air cooling regulation and control unit comprises phase-change heat-exchange cold storage bodies, an air cooling box body, an air exhaust channel and air circulation channels, the multiple phase-change heat-exchange cold storage bodies are evenly distributed in the air cooling box body at intervals, and the multiple air circulation channels extending to the outer side of the air cooling box body are arranged among the multiple phase-change heat-exchange cold storage bodies; the temperature sensing unit is used for measuring the ambient temperature inside and outside the roadbed, the control module judges the measured temperature and controls the air circulation power equipment to be turned on and turned off according to the judgment result, an external circulation forced refrigeration mode is achieved, and meanwhile the air circulation power equipment is controlled to be turned on and turned off through forced convection, phase-change heat exchange cold storage body slow-release heat absorption and other modes. Automatic and efficient cooling of the frozen soil roadbed is achieved, the cooling effect is remarkable, and actual engineering requirements can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of frozen soil engineering, in particular to an intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed. Background Art

[0002] In the permafrost areas of my country such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Northeast China, through long-term evolution, development and change, thick underground ice with various shapes and thicknesses of several meters or even more than ten meters has been formed. With the changes in climate and environment and the impact of human engineering activities, the permafrost and underground ice will degenerate and melt, leading to various engineering disasters and having an important impact on the stability of various major engineering buildings.

[0003] Actively cooling the frozen soil foundation through the adoption of frozen soil protection engineering measures is a key way to ensure the long-term safe operation and stability of frozen soil engineering. Since the strength of frozen soil is closely related to temperature, its strength can increase exponentially as the temperature of frozen soil continues to decrease. Under low temperature conditions, the frozen soil foundation can be as hard as a rock, and under high temperature or close to 0°C, it can also be as soft as a soft soil foundation. Therefore, by applying frozen soil protection engineering measures in the frozen soil foundation, by reducing the frozen soil temperature to varying degrees and continuously gathering cold energy into the foundation, the purpose of maintaining the long-term stability of the frozen soil foundation can be well achieved. Therefore, for an engineering measure to protect frozen soil, its cooling efficiency, or the overall regulation efficiency of the ground temperature field of the frozen soil foundation, is the key to the success or failure of maintaining the long-term stability of the roadbed.

[0004] Measures such as block-stone-based roadbed are one of the important engineering measures to protect permafrost foundations. They mainly achieve cooling of the frozen soil foundation through the different thermal conductivity of the block-stone layer in cold and warm seasons, and have played an important role in frozen soil projects such as the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. However, with the continuous intensification of warming and humidification on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the rate of frozen soil degradation and melting has doubled, posing a major threat to the stability of the frozen soil foundation. Actual observation results show that the cooling efficiency of this measure is now difficult to meet the actual engineering needs, especially under highway conditions. The efficiency is even worse, or it has no cooling efficiency. Since the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the world's first Qinghai Gonghe-Yushu Expressway have adopted a large number of block-stone-based roadbed structures in frozen soil areas, engineering diseases such as uneven settlement and cracking of the roadbed have continued to appear in large numbers, posing a serious threat to engineering stability and driving safety. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides an intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed, which overcomes the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and can effectively solve the problems that the existing roadbed cooling device cannot automatically control the cooling according to the temperature in the roadbed, the cooling effect is difficult to meet the actual engineering needs, and the cooling effect is poor.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model discloses an intelligent temperature-controlled widespread air-cooled soil roadbed, comprising a first air-cooling control unit, an air power unit, a power supply unit, a temperature sensing unit and a control unit;

[0007] The power supply unit includes a solar photovoltaic panel located above the roadbed slope; the power supply unit is connected to the control unit;

[0008] The first air-cooling control unit includes a phase-change heat storage body, an air-cooling box, an air exhaust channel and an air circulation channel. A plurality of phase-change heat storage bodies are evenly spaced in the air-cooling box, and a plurality of air circulation channels are arranged between the plurality of phase-change heat storage bodies in parallel and at intervals and extending to the outside of the air-cooling box. Two adjacent air circulation channels on the inside of the air-cooling box are staggered, and a plurality of air holes penetrating inside and outside are arranged on a side wall at one end of each air circulation channel in the air-cooling box. A plurality of air exhaust channels communicating with the external environment are arranged on the side wall on the outside of the air-cooling box;

[0009] One end of the air circulation channel located outside the air cooling box is connected to the air power unit; temperature sensing units are arranged on the inside and outside of the air cooling box; and the control unit is respectively connected to the temperature sensing unit and the air power unit.

[0010] The above-mentioned air exhaust channel is located at one end of the outside of the air-cooled box and is inclined, and the angle between the inclined section of the pipe mouth and the vertical perpendicular line is 0~45°. A damper consistent with the inclination direction of the pipe mouth is installed at the pipe mouth of the inclined surface, and the upper end of the damper is movably connected to a door shaft fixedly connected to the corresponding position of the pipe mouth, and a counterweight block is installed at the lower end of the damper.

[0011] The air-cooling box body is a hollow structure consisting of a top plate, a bottom plate and an outer partition plate, and supporting columns are arranged at intervals inside the air-cooling box body.

[0012] The aerodynamic unit comprises an air filtering device and an air circulation power device which are connected in sequence, and the air circulation power device is respectively connected to a control unit and two adjacent air circulation channels.

[0013] The control unit comprises a control module and a signal transmission module, and the control module is connected to the signal transmission module.

[0014] The power supply unit also includes a battery, the solar photovoltaic panel is connected to the battery, and the battery is connected to the control unit.

[0015] The above also includes water-proof geotextile and thermal insulation material. The thermal insulation material is arranged above the air-cooling control unit, and the water-proof geotextile is arranged above the thermal insulation material.

[0016] The above-mentioned second air-cooling control unit replaces the first air-cooling control unit, and the second air-cooling control unit includes a gravel layer and a partition. The partition is provided on the outside of the gravel layer, and multiple air circulation channels are arranged in parallel and at intervals and extend through the partition to the inside of the gravel layer, and the two adjacent air circulation channels on the inside of the gravel layer are staggered; the air exhaust channel is arranged on the partition, and the air exhaust channel connects the external environment with the inside of the gravel layer.

[0017] The utility model uses a temperature sensing unit to measure the internal and external ambient temperatures of the roadbed. The control module judges the measured temperature and controls the opening and closing of the air circulation power equipment according to the judgment result to realize the external circulation forced refrigeration mode. At the same time, through forced convection, phase change heat storage body to perform slow release heat absorption and other modes, automatic and efficient cooling of the frozen soil roadbed is achieved, the cooling effect is remarkable, and can meet the actual engineering needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the horizontal air-cooling control layer in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the horizontal air-cooling control layer in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the middle AA` roadbed.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the middle BB` roadbed.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the CC` roadbed.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air circulation channel structure of the control layer in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the air exhaust channel structure in Example 1.

[0027] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external circulation open refrigeration mode of Example 1.

[0028] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2 of the utility model.

[0029] In the figure: 1-solar photovoltaic panel, 2-phase change heat storage body, 3-air cooling box, 4-air exhaust channel, 5-air circulation channel, 6-temperature sensing unit, 7-air door, 8-door shaft, 9-counterweight, 10-support column, 11-air filtration equipment, 12-air circulation power equipment, 13-control module, 14-signal transmission module, 15-battery, 16-waterproof geotextile, 17-thermal insulation material, 18-gravel layer, 19-partition, 20-roadbed, 21-air hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and actual conditions.

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings:

[0032] Example 1: Figure 1-9 As shown, an intelligent temperature-controlled widespread air-cooled soil roadbed includes a first air-cooling control unit, an air power unit, a power supply unit, a temperature sensing unit 6 and a control unit;

[0033] The power supply unit includes a solar photovoltaic panel 1 located above the slope of the roadbed 20; the power supply unit is connected to the control unit;

[0034] The first air-cooling control unit comprises a phase-change heat storage body 2, an air-cooling box 3, an air exhaust passage 4 and an air circulation passage 5, a plurality of phase-change heat storage bodies 2 are evenly spaced in the air-cooling box 3, a plurality of air circulation passages 5 are arranged between the plurality of phase-change heat storage bodies 2, which are parallel and spaced and extend to the outside of the air-cooling box 3, and two adjacent air circulation passages 5 on the inside of the air-cooling box 3 are staggered, a plurality of air holes 21 are arranged on one end side wall of each air circulation passage 5 in the air-cooling box 3, and a plurality of air exhaust passages 4 which are connected to the external environment are arranged on the outer side wall of the air-cooling box 3;

[0035] One end of the air circulation channel 5 located outside the air-cooling box 3 is connected to the air power unit; the inside and outside of the air-cooling box 3 are both provided with a temperature sensing unit 6; the control unit is respectively connected to the temperature sensing unit 6 and the air power unit.

[0036] During installation, the above-mentioned air-cooling control unit is horizontally located as a whole inside the roadbed 20, with the bottom at a height of 0~1.0m from the original natural surface. It can be set inside the fill of the roadbed 20 when the roadbed 20 is filled to a certain height; wherein, the air-cooling box 3 is a hollow closed structure, and its shape can be a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, or a combination thereof, with a thickness of 10cm~50cm, and the outer shell of the air-cooling box 3 is a prefabricated concrete part, or it can be a metal component.

[0037] The above-mentioned phase change heat storage body 2 is a thin-shell sealed container, the internal phase change material of which can be one or more combinations of conventional phase change materials with a phase change temperature of 0 ~ -15°C, and is placed inside the air-cooled box 3 and on both sides of the air circulation channel 5 respectively. Its main purpose is to store the cold energy in the air-cooled box 3 through the phase change process, and then release the cold energy when the roadbed 20 needs to be cooled. By balancing and adjusting the temperature in the roadbed 20, the purpose of uniformly reducing the temperature of the roadbed 20 is achieved.

[0038] The above-mentioned solar photovoltaic panel 1 is located on the sunny side of the slope of the roadbed 20 and has a certain height. It is fixed by conventional supporting rod materials, thereby further playing a role in shading and cooling the slope, reducing the heat energy generated by solar radiation from being transferred to the inside of the roadbed 20, and can also be fixed on one or both sides of the roadbed 20.

[0039] The above-mentioned air circulation channel 5 can be a metal tube, PVC, PE, plastic tube, etc., and its shape can be a round tube or a rectangular tube. The air circulation channel 5 can be used as a channel for air flow, and can also be used as an air outlet channel and an air inlet channel. When used as an air outlet channel, it is only one direction for air to flow outward. Air holes 21 are set on the side wall of the air circulation channel 5 on the inner side of the air-cooling box 3 to facilitate uniform convection heat exchange of air in the air-cooling box 3 under forced convection heat exchange conditions; at the same time, by setting two upper and lower adjacent air circulation channels 5 on the inner side of the air-cooling box 3 in parallel, spaced, and staggered distribution, the convection heat exchange of the air in the center of the roadbed 20 is enhanced to ensure its overall cooling effect.

[0040] The temperature sensing unit 6 can be a conventionally known temperature probe, which is placed in the environment inside the air-cooled box 3, on the phase change heat storage body 2, and outside the air-cooled box 3, respectively, to measure the temperature change inside the air-cooled box 3 in real time, forming a multi-point sensing system.

[0041] like Figure 8 As shown, the air exhaust channel 4 is located at one end of the outer side of the air-cooling box 3 and is inclined, and the angle between the inclined section of the pipe mouth and the vertical perpendicular direction is 0~45°, and a damper 7 which is consistent with the inclination direction of the pipe mouth is installed at the pipe mouth of the inclined surface, and the upper end of the damper 7 is movably connected to a door shaft 8 which is fixedly connected to the corresponding position of the pipe mouth, and a counterweight block 9 is installed at the lower end of the damper 7.

[0042] The damper 7 and the counterweight 9 are arranged on the outside of the air exhaust passage 4 to increase the sealing performance of the damper 7. Thus, when the air pressure inside the air-cooled box 3 reaches a certain pressure height, the damper 7 automatically opens, and the damper 7 is closed at other times.

[0043] like Figure 1-6As shown in Figures 9, the air-cooling box body 3 is a hollow structure consisting of a top plate, a bottom plate and an outer partition plate, and supporting columns 10 are arranged at intervals inside the air-cooling box body 3.

[0044] Among them, the air-cooled box 3 forms a load-bearing structure through a top plate, a bottom plate and an outer partition, which meets the load-bearing requirements of the roadbed 20 and ensures its overall compressive strength; support columns 10 are arranged inside the air-cooled box 3. The support columns 10 adopt a concrete or steel frame structure and have high strength. The support columns 10 are evenly arranged at a certain interval to provide sufficient space for the phase change heat storage body 2, and at the same time form a natural channel to enhance the convective heat exchange of the air in the air-cooled box 3.

[0045] like Figure 1 , 9 As shown, the air power unit includes an air filtering device 11 and an air circulation power device 12 which are connected in sequence, and the air circulation power device 12 is connected to the control unit and two adjacent air circulation channels 5 respectively.

[0046] The above-mentioned air filtering device 11 is mainly used to filter the air flow to prevent the dust carried by the external wind from entering the air circulation power device 12, thereby preventing the problem of blockage of the air circulation channel 5; the above-mentioned air circulation power device 12 is mainly used to increase the air flow pressure and transport the cold energy to the air circulation channel 5 through the refrigeration unit.

[0047] like Figure 1 , 9 As shown, the control unit includes a control module 13 and a signal transmission module 14 , and the control module 13 is connected to the signal transmission module 14 .

[0048] The above-mentioned control module 13 can be an existing well-known technology, which is used to judge and compare the received external environment temperature, the temperature inside the air-cooled box 3 and the temperature set in the control module 13 according to the data received from the temperature sensing unit 6, so as to control the conversion of all equipment operations and air flow processes, thereby realizing the linkage of the external circulation refrigeration and internal circulation refrigeration modules; and through the signal transmission module 14, its signal is transmitted to a remote host computer (which can be a terminal control device such as a computer, a tablet, a mobile phone, etc.), so as to facilitate remote viewing of the temperature signal in the air-cooled box 3 and control of the entire system.

[0049] like Figure 1 , 9 As shown, the power supply unit further includes a battery 15, the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is connected to the battery 15, and the battery 15 is connected to the control unit.

[0050] The above-mentioned solar photovoltaic panel 1 is an existing well-known technology, which can directly or indirectly convert solar radiation into electrical energy through photoelectric effect or photochemical effect, and the converted electrical energy is stored in the battery 15; when power supply is not needed, the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is used to charge the battery 15, so that the battery 15 can be used as a backup power source for power supply when the solar photovoltaic panel 1 has no power output.

[0051] like Figure 4-6 As shown, it also includes a water-proof geotextile 16 and a thermal insulation material 17 . The thermal insulation material 17 is arranged above the air-cooling control unit, and the water-proof geotextile 16 is arranged above the thermal insulation material 17 .

[0052] The above-mentioned thermal insulation material 17 can be one or a combination of polystyrene board (EPS), polyurethane board (PU), injection molded polystyrene board (XPS), with a thickness of 10~50 cm and a width of 5~15 m. The buried position is 0~1.0m above the air-cooled box 3; it can effectively block the heat transfer process in the roadbed 20 from the outside, and has the effect of eliminating the adverse effect of heat absorption of the roadbed 20 on the cooling of engineering measures; in actual application, its width is slightly narrower than the width of the roadbed fill at its buried depth, and its buried height is coordinated with the buried height of the air-cooled control unit.

[0053] The geotextile can be a water-isolating geotextile 16 commonly used in engineering projects, which is laid horizontally and continuously on the top of the air-cooling box 3, mainly used to reinforce the soil and isolate the water, to prevent moisture from entering the insulation material 17 and the air-cooling box 3, and affecting the air-cooling control performance.

[0054] The utility model embodiment 1 has two working modes, namely, an external circulation open refrigeration module and an internal circulation open refrigeration mode, and the specific principles are as follows:

[0055] In the cold season, when the control module 13 determines that the ambient temperature measured by the temperature sensing unit 6 is lower than the temperature measured by the temperature sensing unit 6 in the air-cooled box 3, the external circulation open refrigeration mode is turned on. Driven by the air circulation power device 12, the external cold air enters the air circulation connecting pipe through the air filter device 11, is transmitted to the air circulation channel 5, and flows to the inside of the air-cooled box 3 inside the roadbed 20 through the air hole 21; then flows through the entire air-cooled box 3, and finally discharged from the air exhaust channel 4; during this period, the low-temperature air and all the outer shells of the air-cooled box 3 mainly cool down the bottom plate of the air-cooled box 3, that is, the lower part of the roadbed 20; at the same time, it also exchanges heat and cools down with the phase change heat storage body 2, accumulates cold energy, and realizes the cooling process of the external open system of the roadbed 20 in the cold season.

[0056] During the daytime in winter, the control module 13 controls the present invention to intelligently switch between the open cycle refrigeration mode and the internal cycle refrigeration mode according to the external environment temperature and the internal temperature of the air-cooled box 3. When the external environment temperature is lower than the internal temperature of the air-cooled box 3, the external cycle mode refrigeration continues.

[0057] In winter or during the daytime in warm seasons, when the external ambient temperature is higher than the internal temperature of the air-cooled box 3, and the internal temperature is higher than the temperature set by the control module 13, the phase change heat storage body 2 starts to work, and the cold energy released by the phase change cold storage body is quickly cooled down to the roadbed 20, and is transferred to the air-cooled box 3 through the cold end circulation, so as to achieve overall cooling of the roadbed.

[0058] The function of the phase change heat storage body 2 is to store cold energy in winter at night or in other low-temperature weather conditions for heat exchange during the day or in other relatively high-temperature weather conditions; in warm seasons, store cold energy in the daytime internal circulation refrigeration mode for heat exchange inside the roadbed at night. When the phase change heat storage body 2 absorbs heat and the roadbed is in a low-temperature state and working condition, the overall circulation system is in a dormant state.

[0059] Example 2: Fig.10 As shown, an intelligent temperature-controlled widespread air-cooled frozen soil roadbed is used, in which a second air-cooling control unit replaces the first air-cooling control unit, and the second air-cooling control unit includes a gravel layer 18 and a partition 19. The partition 19 is provided on the outer side of the gravel layer 18, and a plurality of air circulation channels 5 are arranged in parallel and at intervals and extend through the partition 19 to the inner side of the gravel layer 18, and two adjacent air circulation channels 5 on the inner side of the gravel layer 18 are staggered; the air exhaust channel 4 is arranged on the partition 19, and the air exhaust channel 4 connects the external environment with the inner side of the gravel layer 18.

[0060] During installation, the above-mentioned second air-cooling control unit is horizontally located as a whole inside the roadbed 20, with the bottom at a height of 0.2~1.0m from the original natural surface. The thickness of the second air-cooling control unit is 10~100cm. When the roadbed 20 is filled to a certain height, the construction can be laid in sequence, and the existing block gravel roadbed can also be regulated; the partition 19 is arranged on the outside of the block gravel layer 18 to close the block gravel layer 18, which can be fill or prefabricated concrete parts, metal plates, and an air exhaust channel 4 is arranged on the partition 19 to provide a closed space for forced convection of the block gravel layer 18.

[0061] The temperature sensing unit 6 can be a well-known temperature probe, which is placed on the gravel layer 18 near the intersection of the air circulation channels 5 on both sides and in the environment outside the second air-cooling control unit to measure the temperature changes inside and outside the second air-cooling control unit in real time, forming a multi-point sensing system.

[0062] The above-mentioned block gravel layer is 18 porous medium materials. Its variable heat transfer characteristics and large-pore block stone structure enhance the heat release of permafrost roadbed in cold seasons and reduce heat absorption in warm seasons, playing a "heat shielding semiconductor effect" composed of "heat resistance and cold transfer" characteristics, ultimately reducing the average annual temperature in the block gravel roadbed and promoting the evolution of permafrost, thereby playing both mechanical support and breathable cooling roles.

[0063] When the above embodiment is implemented, the working principle is as follows: in the cold season, when the temperature measured by the temperature sensing unit 6 is lower than the temperature measured by the temperature sensing unit 6 in the second air-cooling control unit, the external circulation open refrigeration mode is turned on. Driven by the air circulation power device 12, the external cold air enters the air circulation channel 5 through the air filter device 11, and flows to the inside of the second air-cooling control unit inside the roadbed 20 through the air hole 21; then flows through the gravel layer 18, and finally discharged from the exhaust channel; during this period, the low-temperature air mainly cools the bottom plate, that is, the lower part of the roadbed 20, to achieve the cooling process of the external open system of the roadbed 20 in the cold season.

[0064] In summary, the utility model uses a temperature sensing unit 6 to measure the internal and external ambient temperatures of the roadbed 20, the control module 13 judges the measured temperature, and controls the opening and closing of the air circulation power equipment 12 according to the judgment result, thereby realizing an external circulation forced cooling mode. At the same time, through forced convection, phase change heat storage body 2 for slow release heat absorption and other modes, automatic and efficient cooling of the frozen soil roadbed 20 is achieved, the cooling effect is significant, and can meet the actual engineering needs.

[0065] Embodiment 3: The utility model changes the existing heat exchange mechanism and working efficiency of cooling, specifically:

[0066] The utility model first changes the convective heat exchange process of the original ventilation pipe ventilated roadbed. In the past, the heat exchange process of the ventilation pipe roadbed was first through the convective heat exchange between the inner wall of the ventilation pipe and the outside world, and then the heat conduction heat exchange between the pipe wall and the roadbed fill. First, under the engineering structure conditions where the ventilation pipe spacing is 1~2m, the roadbed height is usually 3m, and the ventilation pipe diameter is about 0.4m, since the heat exchange boundary of the ventilation pipe wall accounts for a very small proportion of the longitudinal section of the entire roadbed (about 20~30%), and the thermal conductivity of the soil is low (about 1~2W / m·K), the cooling efficiency of this engineering measure is insufficient and it is difficult to meet the actual engineering needs. Actual observations show that this kind of engineering measure will continue to settle and deform under highway conditions, and it is also difficult to ensure the long-term stability of the roadbed under railway conditions.

[0067] Secondly, the utility model changes the heat exchange process of the block stone roadbed. The heat exchange process of the block stone roadbed is that in the cold season, under the condition that the temperature at the top of the block stone layer is lower than the temperature at the bottom, the air at the top of the block stone layer is cooled, the volume shrinks, the density increases, and it begins to sink, while the density of the relatively high temperature air at the bottom is relatively small, and the hot air rises; thus, the air continuously releases heat at the top and descends, and absorbs heat at the bottom and rises, and a natural convection heat exchange process is performed. In the warm season, under the condition that the temperature at the top of the block stone layer is higher than the temperature at the bottom, the hot air at the top is above and the cold air at the bottom is below, and no convection heat exchange process occurs. Thus, the block stone layer produces the effect of heat release in the cold season and relative insulation in the warm season during the heat exchange process of one year. Its heat exchange process is a vertical heat exchange process. For this kind of heat exchange process, since the air needs to pass through the block stone layer, the flow channel is tortuous and changeable, and the flow process will naturally encounter great resistance; at the same time, with the increase of the ambient temperature in the permafrost area, or under the condition of heat absorption of the black roadbed of the highway, the temperature at the top of the block stone layer increases, and the working conditions required for the cold season of the block stone layer continue to decline or lose. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency of the block rock layer in the block rock base roadbed is very low or lost, which is also the main reason for the instability of the roadbed of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and Gongyu Expressway.

[0068] Therefore, the utility model adopts the convection heat exchange process between the air-cooling control unit and the outside world as a whole and at the level, which changes the slow "heat conduction" heat exchange mechanism between the inside of the ventilation duct roadbed and the ventilation duct; at the same time, the utility model changes the vertical and weak natural convection heat exchange process of the block stone roadbed by adopting the horizontal air-cooling control unit at the overall level and the strong forced convection heat exchange process, and the utility model can automatically perform the overall heat exchange process according to the temperature conditions, which changes the previous measures that adopt the heat exchange process under autonomous and passive working conditions.

[0069] In addition, the air-cooling control unit of the utility model is a hollow structure, and the auxiliary upper insulation material 17 and the internal phase change heat storage body 2 material can effectively block the downward transfer of heat from the upper part of the roadbed 20, and can also well preserve the cold energy accumulated in the cold season or mechanical refrigeration, greatly improving the cooling efficiency of the roadbed 20, and can realize the full utilization of the abundant cold energy and solar energy natural resources of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

[0070] At the same time, due to the complete change in the refrigeration mechanism and efficiency, the "overall" frozen soil temperature of the bearing layer below the roadbed 20 is effectively reduced significantly and for a long time. Because the strength of frozen soil is closely related to the frozen soil temperature, the utility model allows the "low-temperature" frozen soil roadbed 20 to exist in a large area below, which greatly enhances the mechanical stability and flatness of the roadbed 20, thereby achieving the purpose of long-term stability of the frozen soil roadbed 20 and effective elimination of various engineering diseases.

Claims

1. An intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed, characterized in that: It includes a first air cooling control unit, an air power unit, a power supply unit, a temperature sensing unit and a control unit; The power supply unit includes a solar photovoltaic panel located above the roadbed slope; the power supply unit is connected to the control unit; The first air-cooling control unit includes a phase-change heat storage body, an air-cooling box, an air exhaust channel and an air circulation channel. A plurality of phase-change heat storage bodies are evenly spaced in the air-cooling box, and a plurality of air circulation channels are arranged between the plurality of phase-change heat storage bodies in parallel and at intervals and extending to the outside of the air-cooling box. Two adjacent air circulation channels on the inside of the air-cooling box are staggered, and a plurality of air holes penetrating inside and outside are arranged on a side wall at one end of each air circulation channel in the air-cooling box. A plurality of air exhaust channels communicating with the external environment are arranged on the side wall on the outside of the air-cooling box; One end of the air circulation channel located outside the air cooling box is connected to the air power unit; temperature sensing units are arranged on the inside and outside of the air cooling box; and the control unit is respectively connected to the temperature sensing unit and the air power unit.

2. The intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air exhaust channel is located at one end of the outside of the air-cooled box and is inclined, and the angle between the inclined section of the pipe mouth and the vertical perpendicular line is 0~45°. A damper consistent with the inclination direction of the pipe mouth is installed at the pipe mouth of the inclined surface. The upper end of the damper is movably connected to a door shaft fixedly connected to the corresponding position of the pipe mouth, and a counterweight is installed at the lower end of the damper.

3. The intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air-cooling box body is a hollow structure consisting of a top plate, a bottom plate and an outer partition plate, and supporting columns are arranged at intervals inside the air-cooling box body.

4. The intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air power unit comprises an air filtering device and an air circulation power device which are connected in sequence, and the air circulation power device is respectively connected to the control unit and two adjacent air circulation channels.

5. The intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit includes a control module and a signal transmission module, and the control module is connected to the signal transmission module.

6. The intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply unit also includes a battery, the solar photovoltaic panel is connected to the battery, and the battery is connected to the control unit.

7. The intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes water-proof geotextile and thermal insulation material. The thermal insulation material is arranged above the air-cooling control unit, and the water-proof geotextile is arranged above the thermal insulation material.

8. An intelligent temperature-controlled widespread gas-frozen soil roadbed according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A second air-cooling control unit replaces the first air-cooling control unit, and the second air-cooling control unit includes a gravel layer and a partition. The partition is provided on the outer side of the gravel layer, and multiple air circulation channels are arranged in parallel and at intervals and extend through the partition to the inner side of the gravel layer, and two adjacent air circulation channels on the inner side of the gravel layer are staggered; an air exhaust channel is arranged on the partition, and the air exhaust channel connects the external environment with the inner side of the gravel layer.

Images