Small Chinese cabbage harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a small Chinese cabbage harvester which is internally provided with a cutting component, a conveying component, a storage assembly and a traveling assembly, the two ends of the conveying component are connected with the cutting component and the storage assembly respectively, and the traveling assembly is installed below the storage assembly; the cutting component comprises a cutting assembly and a stirring assembly, the cutting assembly comprises a first fixing frame, two pulling shovels of the same structure and two cutting pieces of the same structure, one end of the first fixing frame is connected with the conveying component, and each cutting piece is connected with the other end of the first fixing frame; the middle part of each pulling shovel is fixedly mounted at the top end of one cutting piece; thus, when Chinese cabbages are harvested, the Chinese cabbages are pulled up through the pulling shovel, the roots of the Chinese cabbages are cut off through the cutting piece located below the pulling shovel, in the process, due to the fact that the cutting piece is located below the pulling shovel, the cutting piece does not make direct contact with the Chinese cabbages, the Chinese cabbages cannot be damaged, and the quality of the Chinese cabbages is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a small cabbage harvester. Background Art

[0002] As the country of origin of cabbage, my country not only has a long history of cabbage cultivation, but also has a large planting area and huge output. The cabbage harvesting operation in my country is to pull out the roots of the cabbage under appropriate soil moisture and collect and dry them. At present, the harvesting operation is mainly completed manually. When the cabbage is harvested manually, due to the long roots of the cabbage, in order to pull out the cabbage, it is necessary to swing the cabbage left and right first, and then pull it out after the soil at the roots of the cabbage is loosened, and then place the pulled cabbage for collection. Therefore, a large amount of manpower is required for the harvesting operation, and the work efficiency is low. Most of the existing cabbage harvesters are manual devices, the mechanization level of the harvesting link is low, and the harvested cabbage cannot be quickly collected, and the improvement of the harvesting efficiency is not obvious.

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution disclosed in the Chinese invention patent with patent application number CN201711360812.7 is a Chinese cabbage harvester, comprising a chassis and an engine, a gearbox, a hydraulic device, a steering device, a collecting plate, a rear wheel assembly and a front wheel assembly respectively installed on the chassis, characterized in that the front wheel assembly is installed at the bottom of the front end of the chassis, the rear wheel assembly is installed at the bottom of the rear end of the chassis, and the front wheel assembly and the rear wheel assembly are respectively fixed to the chassis through axle seats; a steering device connected to the front wheel assembly is installed at the front end of the chassis; a collecting plate is installed on one side of the chassis; the engine for power output is installed at the rear end of the chassis, and a gearbox is installed on the side of the engine facing the front end of the chassis. The gearbox, the output shaft end of the engine is connected to the gearbox input shaft with a belt drive, the front end of the collecting plate is hinged with an insert wall through a connecting shaft, the insert wall includes a bottom plate and side plates respectively installed on both sides of the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the two side plates form a groove structure; a rear baffle is installed at the rear end of the inner side of the two side plates, and a gap is provided between the rear baffle and the bottom plate; a horizontal pulling shaft hinged to the piston rod of the front hydraulic cylinder is installed at the bottom of the rear baffle; a bayonet is provided at the front end of the bottom plate, the bayonet extends to the rear end of the bottom plate and the width gradually decreases, when the bottom plate moves forward along the ground, the cabbage root can be moved from the bayonet entrance to the exit end, and the cabbage root can be clamped by gradually reducing the bayonet width, and blade structures are provided on the edges of both sides of the bayonet.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following technical problems: when the Chinese cabbage harvester harvests cabbage, the bottom plate is set flush with the root of the Chinese cabbage, and the bayonet is set corresponding to the root of the Chinese cabbage, so that when the cutter moves forward, the root of the cabbage is cut by the cutting edges on both sides of the bayonet. When cutting the root of the cabbage, the cutting blade is in direct contact with the cabbage, which will damage the cabbage and reduce the quality of the cabbage. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a small cabbage harvester, in which the cutting piece does not directly contact the cabbage when cutting the root of the cabbage, thereby not causing damage to the cabbage, so as to improve the quality of the cabbage.

[0006] The utility model provides a small cabbage harvester, comprising a cutting component, a transport component, a storage component and a travel component, wherein both ends of the transport component are respectively connected to the cutting component and the storage component, and the travel component is installed below the storage component; the transport component is used to transport the cabbage harvested by the cutting component to the storage component, the storage component is used to store the cabbage, and the travel component is used to provide forward power to the small cabbage harvester and change the travel direction;

[0007] The cutting member includes a cutting assembly and a shifting assembly. The cutting assembly includes a first fixed frame, two pulling shovels with the same structure and two cutting pieces with the same structure. One end of the first fixed frame is connected to the transport member, and each cutting piece is connected to the other end of the first fixed frame. The middle part of each pulling shovel is fixedly installed on the top of a cutting piece. A gap is left between the two pulling shovels so that the cabbage roots can enter the gap during the harvesting process. There is a certain angle between each pulling shovel and the ground so that the cabbage can be pulled out of the field by the pulling shovel. The cutting end of each cutting piece is parallel to the corresponding pulling shovel so that the root of the cabbage can be cut off by the cutting piece.

[0008] Preferably, each cutting member is rotatably mounted on an end of the first fixed frame facing away from the transport member, and the cutting assembly further comprises two first hydraulic rods of identical structure, a fixed end of each first hydraulic rod is fixedly mounted on the first fixed frame, and a driving end is fixedly connected to the tail end of an extracting shovel, so that the angle between each extracting shovel and the ground can be adjusted by telescoping each first hydraulic rod.

[0009] Preferably, the toggle assembly includes a second fixed frame, a first hydraulic motor, a toggle shaft and a plurality of toggle blades with the same structure, each toggle blade includes a first blade and a second blade, the bottom end of the second fixed frame is fixed to the first fixed frame, the fixed end of the first hydraulic motor is mounted on the top of the second fixed frame, the toggle shaft is rotatably mounted on the driving end of the first hydraulic motor, the bottom ends of the first blades are evenly distributed on the circumference of the outer surface of the toggle shaft, and the bottom ends of the second blades are telescopically mounted on the top of the first blades, so that the cabbage can be sent into the transport component along the surface of each pulling shovel through the second blades.

[0010] Preferably, the storage assembly includes two collection boxes and a cockpit of identical structure, and the two collection boxes are respectively arranged on both sides of the cockpit; the side of the cockpit facing the transport component and the sides of the two collection boxes facing the transport component together form a moving plane.

[0011] Preferably, the traveling assembly includes a third fixed frame, a second hydraulic motor, two driving wheels with the same structure and a steering wheel, the top surface of the third fixed frame is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the storage assembly, the steering wheel is mounted on the side of the third fixed frame facing the cutting component, the second hydraulic motor is mounted on the other side of the third fixed frame, the second hydraulic motor is equipped with a driving shaft connecting the two sides of the second hydraulic motor, the driving shaft is parallel to the length direction of the third fixed frame, and two driving wheels are respectively mounted at both ends of the driving shaft; the steering wheel is used to change the forward direction of the small cabbage harvester, and the second hydraulic motor and the two driving wheels are used to provide forward power to the small cabbage harvester.

[0012] Preferably, the small cabbage harvester also includes a moving assembly, which includes two moving rods with the same structure, a moving frame and a second hydraulic rod, each moving rod is installed on the moving plane along the length direction of the moving plane, and the moving frame is slidably installed on the two moving rods. The fixed end of the second hydraulic rod is installed on the moving plane, and the driving end is connected to the moving frame, and the second hydraulic rod is telescopic along the length direction of the moving plane, so that the moving frame can slide on the moving plane through the telescopic movement of the second hydraulic rod.

[0013] Preferably, the transport component includes a fourth fixed frame, a conveyor belt and a driving assembly, and the driving assembly includes a third hydraulic motor, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a transmission chain; one end of the fourth fixed frame is installed at the top of the mobile frame, and the other end is connected to the first fixed frame, the conveyor belt is installed on the fourth fixed frame, the fixed end of the third hydraulic motor is installed on one side of the fourth fixed frame, and a driving sprocket is installed on the driving end to drive the driving sprocket to rotate through the third hydraulic motor, the driven sprocket is connected to the driving roller of the conveyor belt to drive the conveyor belt to rotate through the driven sprocket, and the two ends of the transmission chain are respectively mounted on the tooth grooves of the driving sprocket and the tooth grooves of the driven sprocket, so that the driving sprocket drives the driven sprocket to rotate through the transmission chain.

[0014] Preferably, the transport component also includes a third hydraulic rod, the fourth fixed frame is rotatably mounted on the top of the mobile frame, the fixed end of the third hydraulic rod is mounted on the mobile frame, and the driving end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fourth fixed frame to adjust the angle between the fourth fixed frame and the ground by telescoping the third hydraulic rod.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of partitions are provided on the conveyor belt, and corrugated sidewalls are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt.

[0016] Preferably, the small cabbage harvester also includes a driving terminal, which is arranged in the cockpit, and is electrically connected to the first hydraulic rod, the second hydraulic rod, the third hydraulic rod, the first hydraulic motor, the second hydraulic motor and the third hydraulic motor, and the driving terminal is mechanically connected to the steering wheel.

[0017] The small cabbage harvester is provided with a cutting component, a transport component, a storage component and a travel component, the two ends of the transport component are respectively connected to the cutting component and the storage component, and the travel component is installed below the storage component; the cutting component includes a cutting component and a toggling component, and the cutting component includes a first fixed frame, two pulling shovels of the same structure and two cutting members of the same structure, one end of the first fixed frame is connected to the transport component, and each cutting member is connected to the other end of the first fixed frame, and the middle part of each pulling shovel is fixedly installed on the top of a cutting member, and a gap is left between the two pulling shovels, and each pulling shovel and the cutting end of the corresponding cutting member have the same angle with the ground. degree; in this way, when harvesting cabbage, first align the plucking shovel with the cabbage so that the cabbage to be harvested can pass through the gap between the two plucking shovels, and then, driven by the traveling component, the plucking shovel pulls the cabbage from the field, and when the cabbage rises to a certain height along the surface of the plucking shovel, the cutting member cuts off the root of the cabbage, and then the cabbage is sent to the storage component through the transport component to complete the harvesting of the cabbage. When the utility model cuts off the root of the cabbage, since the cabbage is located above the plucking shovel and the cutting member cuts off the root of the cabbage below the plucking shovel, the cutting member will not directly contact the cabbage, will not cause damage to the cabbage, thereby improving the quality of the cabbage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is an oblique bird's-eye view of the small cabbage harvester of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an oblique bird's-eye view of the small cabbage harvester of the present application from another perspective.

[0020] Figure 3 It is an oblique top view of the cutting member of the present application.

[0021] Figure 4 It is an oblique bottom view of the cutting member of the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 is a side view of the cutting member of the present application.

[0023] Figure 6 It is an oblique top view of the storage assembly of the present application.

[0024] Figure 7 This is an oblique bird's-eye view of the storage component of the present application from another perspective.

[0025] Figure 8 It is an oblique top-down view of the travel assembly of the present application.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is an oblique top-down view of the mobile component of the present application.

[0027] Fig.10This is an oblique bird's-eye view of the transport component of the present application.

[0028] Fig.11 It is an oblique upward view of the transport component of the present application.

[0029] Fig.12 It is an oblique top-down view of the drive assembly of the present application.

[0030] Fig.13 It is a partial enlarged view of the corrugated rib of the present application.

[0031] In the figure: a small cabbage harvester 10 includes a cutting member 20, a cutting assembly 21, a first fixed frame 211, a pulling shovel 212, a cutting piece 213, a toggle assembly 22, a second fixed frame 221, a first hydraulic motor 222, a toggle shaft 223, a toggle blade 224, a first blade 2241, a second blade 2242, a first hydraulic rod 23, a transport member 30, a fourth fixed frame 31, a conveyor belt 32, a partition 321, a corrugated rib 322, a drive assembly 33, a third hydraulic motor 331, a driving sprocket 332, a driven sprocket 333, a transmission chain 334, a third hydraulic rod 34, a storage assembly 40, a collection box 41, a cab 42, a moving plane 43, a traveling assembly 50, a third fixed frame 51, a driving wheel 52, a steering wheel 53, a moving assembly 60, a moving rod 61, a moving frame 62, a second hydraulic rod 63, and a driving terminal 70. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical scheme and technical effects of the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 2 The utility model provides a small cabbage harvester 10, including a cutting component 20, a transport component 30, a storage component 40 and a travel component 50. The two ends of the transport component 30 are respectively connected to the cutting component 20 and the storage component 40, and the travel component 50 is installed under the storage component 40; the transport component 30 is used to transport the cabbage harvested by the cutting component 20 to the storage component 40, the storage component 40 is used to store the cabbage, and the travel component 50 is used to provide the small cabbage harvester 10 with forward power and change the travel direction;

[0034] Please refer to Figures 3 to 5The cutting member 20 includes a cutting assembly 21 and a toggle assembly 22. The cutting assembly 21 includes a first fixed frame 211, two extraction shovels 212 of the same structure and two cutting members 213 of the same structure. One end of the first fixed frame 211 is connected to the transport member 30, and each cutting member 213 is connected to the other end of the first fixed frame 211. The middle part of each extraction shovel 212 is fixedly installed on the top of a cutting member 213. A gap is left between the two extraction shovels 212 so that the cabbage roots can enter the gap during the harvesting process. There is a certain angle between each extraction shovel 212 and the ground so that the extraction shovel 212 The front end can extend into the soil, and under the push of the traveling assembly 50, the cabbage is pulled up along the upper edge of the pulling shovel 212. The cutting end of each cutting piece 213 is parallel to the corresponding pulling shovel 212, so that when the cabbage is pulled to the middle of the pulling shovel 212, the root of the cabbage is cut off by the cutting end of the cutting piece 213, and the cutting operation of the root of the cabbage is completed. In this way, when the root of the cabbage is cut off, because the cabbage is above the pulling shovel 212 and the cutting piece 213 is below the pulling shovel 212, the cutting end of the cutting piece 213 will not directly contact the cabbage, and will not cause damage to the cabbage, thereby ensuring the quality of the cabbage.

[0035] In this embodiment, the two extraction shovels 212 are provided with an inclined surface on the opposite sides to each other, so as to gather the cabbage. The angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is α C , α C If the diameter of the sphere is too large, the cabbage with a larger diameter will be stuck at the entrance of the shovel 212, making it impossible to carry out the subsequent harvesting task; on the contrary, if ... C The smaller the shovel surface is, the smaller the degree of opening is, and the weaker the ability of the pulling shovel 212 to gather the cabbage is. At this time, the straightness requirement for cabbage planting will be higher. According to the existing experimental data, α C The preferred range is between 10 and 20 degrees. In order to better adapt to the actual planting conditions of cabbage, the utility model selects α C is 20°.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the plucking shovel 212 is performing the plucking operation, the bottom of the cabbage head is located below the shovel surface, while the entire upper part of the cabbage head is located above the shovel surface. If the distance between the two plucking shovels 212 is too small, the cabbage root will be stuck at the entrance of the shovel surface. If the distance is too large, the cabbage will be damaged during the plucking process. Therefore, the distance between the two plucking shovels 212 should allow the cabbage root to pass through and should not be too large. The distance between the two plucking shovels 212 can be slightly larger than the diameter of the cabbage root. According to the diameter of the cabbage, the distance between the two plucking shovels 212 is selected to be 50 mm.

[0037] In the present embodiment, each cutting member 213 is rotatably mounted on one end of the first fixed frame 211 facing away from the transport member 30. The cutting assembly 21 further comprises two first hydraulic rods 23 of identical structure. The fixed end of each first hydraulic rod 23 is fixedly mounted on the first fixed frame 211, and the driving end is fixedly connected to the tail end of a plucking shovel 212, so that the angle between each plucking shovel 212 and the ground and the angle between the cutting end of each cutting member 213 and the ground can be adjusted by telescoping each first hydraulic rod 23, thereby adjusting the angle between each plucking shovel 212 and the ground according to the shovel surface length of each plucking shovel 212, so as to improve the plucking rate of cabbage.

[0038] Furthermore, the toggle assembly 22 includes a second fixed frame 221, a first hydraulic motor 222, a toggle shaft 223 and a plurality of toggle blades 224 of the same structure, each toggle blade 224 includes a first blade 2241 and a second blade 2242, the bottom end of the second fixed frame 221 is fixed to the first fixed frame 211, the fixed end of the first hydraulic motor 222 is mounted on the top of the second fixed frame 221, the inner edge of the toggle shaft 223 is rotatably mounted on the driving end of the first hydraulic motor 222, the bottom ends of the first blades 2241 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the outer surface of the toggle shaft 223, and the bottom ends of the second blades 2242 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the toggle shaft 223. The end is retractably installed on the top of each first blade 2241. Specifically, a spring is installed between the bottom end of each second blade 2242 and the top end of each first blade 2241. When the second blade 2242 contacts the cabbage, the spring is squeezed, causing the second blade 2242 to contract, reducing damage to the cabbage and adapting to cabbages of different sizes and shapes. In this embodiment, the top of the second blade 2242 adopts an arc design similar to the shape of the cabbage, so that the second blade 2242 will not cause damage to the cabbage when contacting the cabbage, and can push the cabbage to pass through the shovel surface of the pulling shovel 212, thereby being sent into the transportation member 30.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 6 to Figure 7 Furthermore, the storage assembly 40 includes two collecting boxes 41 and a cockpit 42 with the same structure, and the two collecting boxes 41 are respectively arranged on both sides of the cockpit 42; the two collecting boxes 41 are used to store the harvested cabbage, and the side of the cockpit 42 facing the transport component 30 and the side of the two collecting boxes 41 facing the transport component 30 together form a moving plane 43.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 8Furthermore, the traveling assembly 50 includes a third fixed frame 51, a second hydraulic motor, two driving wheels 52 with the same structure and a steering wheel 53. The top surface of the third fixed frame 51 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the storage assembly 40. The steering wheel 53 is mounted on the side of the third fixed frame 51 facing the cutting member 20. The second hydraulic motor is mounted on the other side of the third fixed frame 51. The second hydraulic motor is equipped with a driving shaft connecting the two sides of the second hydraulic motor. The driving shaft is parallel to the length direction of the third fixed frame 51. The two driving wheels 52 are respectively mounted at both ends of the driving shaft; the steering wheel 53 is used to change the forward direction of the small cabbage harvester 10, and the second hydraulic motor and the two driving wheels 52 are used to provide forward power to the small cabbage harvester 10.

[0041] Please refer to Fig. 9 In the present embodiment, the small cabbage harvester 10 further includes a moving assembly 60, which includes two moving rods 61 of identical structure, a moving frame 62 and a second hydraulic rod 63, each moving rod 61 is mounted on the moving plane 43 along the length direction of the moving plane 43, and the moving frame 62 is slidably mounted on the two moving rods 61 so that the moving frame 62 can slide back and forth along the length direction of the moving plane 43, a fixed end of the second hydraulic rod 63 is mounted on the moving plane 43, a driving end is connected to the moving frame 62, and the second hydraulic rod 63 is telescopic along the length direction of the moving plane 43, so that the moving frame 62 slides on the moving plane 43 through the telescopic movement of the second hydraulic rod 63.

[0042] In this embodiment, the second hydraulic rod 63 adopts a multi-stage hydraulic telescopic rod, and the telescopic cylinder of the telescopic rod is smaller than that of an ordinary hydraulic rod, thereby reducing the size of the entire machine, so that the small cabbage harvester 10 can be used in a smaller cabbage field.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 10 to 13Furthermore, the transport component 30 includes a fourth fixed frame 31, a conveyor belt 32 and a driving assembly 33, and the driving assembly 33 includes a third hydraulic motor 331, a driving sprocket 332, a driven sprocket 333 and a transmission chain 334; one end of the fourth fixed frame 31 is installed on the top of the mobile frame 62, and the other end is connected to the first fixed frame 211, the conveyor belt 32 is installed on the fourth fixed frame 31, the fixed end of the third hydraulic motor 331 is installed on one side of the fourth fixed frame 31, and the driving end is equipped with a driving sprocket 332 to pass through the third hydraulic motor 331 drives the driving sprocket 332 to rotate, and the driven sprocket 333 is connected to the driving roller of the conveyor belt 32, so as to drive the conveyor belt 32 to rotate through the driven sprocket 333, and the two ends of the transmission chain 334 are respectively mounted on the tooth grooves of the driving sprocket 332 and the tooth grooves of the driven sprocket 333, so that the driving sprocket 332 drives the driven sprocket 333 to rotate through the transmission chain 334, so that the conveyor belt 32 is driven to rotate through the third hydraulic motor 331 to transport the cabbage that has completed the root cutting operation on the cutting member 20 to the collection box 41.

[0044] In this embodiment, the transport component 30 also includes a third hydraulic rod 34, and the fourth fixed frame 31 is rotatably installed on the top of the mobile frame 62. The fixed end of the third hydraulic rod 34 is installed on the mobile frame 62, and the driving end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fourth fixed frame 31 to adjust the angle between the fourth fixed frame 31 and the ground by telescoping the third hydraulic rod 34.

[0045] In this embodiment, the conveyor belt 32 is composed of PVC covering rubber and a nylon canvas core layer.

[0046] In this embodiment, a plurality of partitions 321 are further provided on the conveyor belt 32 , and corrugated sidewalls 322 are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt 32 .

[0047] In this embodiment, in order to reduce the size of the whole machine and enable the small cabbage harvester 10 to be used in a cabbage field with a smaller area, it is necessary to increase the conveying inclination angle of the conveyor belt 32. The shape of the cabbage is similar to an ellipse and has good rolling properties. It is easy to roll during transportation and cause damage to the cabbage. In order to ensure the quality of the harvested cabbage and reduce the size of the whole machine at the same time, the utility model sets a corrugated side guard and a partition 321. The conveying structure has the characteristics of simple structure, easy maintenance, stable operation, low noise, high efficiency, etc., and can transport at a large inclination angle. After installing the structure, the conveying inclination angle of the conveyor belt 32 can reach up to 90°.

[0048] In the present embodiment, the small cabbage harvester 10 further includes a driving terminal 70, which is arranged in the cockpit 42. The driving terminal 70 is electrically connected to the first hydraulic rod 23, the second hydraulic rod 63, the third hydraulic rod 34, the first hydraulic motor 222, the second hydraulic motor and the third hydraulic motor 331, and the driving terminal 70 is mechanically connected to the steering wheel 53. In this way, the driving terminal 70 can adjust the angle between each extraction shovel 212 and the ground and the angle between the cutting end of each cutting member 213 and the ground by controlling the extension and retraction of the first hydraulic rod 23; the second hydraulic rod 63 can be used to control the sliding of the moving member on the moving plane 43; the third hydraulic rod 34 can be used to adjust the angle between the conveyor belt 32 and the ground; the first hydraulic motor 222 controls the rotation rate of each shifting blade 224 and the opening and closing of the shifting assembly 22; the second hydraulic motor controls the forward speed of the small cabbage harvester 10; the third hydraulic motor 331 controls the rotation speed of the conveyor belt 32; and the steering wheel 53 controls the forward direction of the small cabbage harvester 10.

[0049] Embodiment 1, determination of the angle between the extraction shovel 212 and the ground.

[0050] According to the structure of the extraction shovel 212, the shovel face inclination angle θC and the shovel face length LC have the following geometric relationship:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, HC is the height of the shovel surface from the ground. The shovel surface height HC generally only needs to be slightly greater than the height of the frame head from the ground. Therefore, this value is in a fixed numerical range. It can be seen from the above formula that when the shovel surface height HC is determined, the shovel surface inclination angle θC is inversely proportional to the shovel surface length LC. The smaller the shovel surface inclination angle θC, the smaller the horizontal force of the pulling shovel 212 on the cabbage will be, and the cabbage will be less likely to fall over or tilt, which is more conducive to the upward pulling of the cabbage. However, considering that there is friction between the shovel surface and the cabbage, the friction generated will affect the upright state of the cabbage. The smaller the inclination angle, the greater the friction, which in turn affects the pulling of the cabbage. According to the existing cabbage pulling experimental test results, when the shovel surface spacing SC=50mm and the shovel surface angle αC=20°, the cabbage pulling rate is higher when the shovel surface inclination angle θC is smaller, and the pulling rate when the shovel surface inclination angle θC=20° has reached about 97%, which has met the requirements for the cabbage pulling rate, and the upright rate of the pulled cabbage is also about 90%. To this end, the shovel surface inclination angle θC=20° of the extraction shovel 212 is selected to meet the design requirements; wherein the shovel surface inclination angle θC is the angle between the extraction shovel 212 and the ground, and the shovel surface angle αC is the angle between the inclined surface of the extraction shovel 212 and the plane.

[0053] Embodiment 2: Movement of the transport member 30 .

[0054] When one of the collecting boxes 41 is full of cabbage or the position of the transport member 30 on the moving plane 43 needs to be changed due to field terrain factors, the fourth fixed frame 31 is first raised by extending the driving end of the third hydraulic rod 34 to prevent collision with the ground during movement, and then the moving frame 62 is made to slide on the moving plane 43 by controlling the extension and retraction of the driving end of the second hydraulic rod 63, thereby driving the fourth fixed frame 31 to slide on the moving plane 43, thereby moving the fourth fixed frame 31 to a specified position, and finally the fourth fixed frame 31 is lowered by the third hydraulic rod 34 and the angle between the fourth fixed frame 31 and the ground is adjusted accordingly to continue the cabbage harvesting operation.

[0055] Embodiment 3, the harvesting process of Chinese cabbage

[0056] First, according to the situation in the cabbage field, the angle between the corresponding plucking shovel 212 and the opposite side is adjusted by each first hydraulic rod 23, and the angle between the transmission belt 32 and the ground is adjusted by the third hydraulic rod 34. After the adjustment is completed, the small cabbage harvester 10 is controlled by the steering wheel 53 to drive into the cabbage field. In the process of moving along the ridge, each plucking shovel 212 pulls the cabbage from the cabbage field and makes the cabbage roots move along the gaps between the plucking shovels 212, and then moves upward along the shovel surface of the plucking shovel 212 with the assistance of the shifting blade 224. When the cabbage moves to the middle section of the plucking shovel 212, the cabbage roots are cut off by the cutting piece 213 located below the plucking shovel 212, and then the cabbage continues to move along the shovel surface of the plucking shovel 212 to the conveyor belt 32, and then is sent to the collection box 41 along the conveyor belt 32. Finally, the small cabbage harvester 10 continuously repeats the harvesting operation in the cabbage field until all the cabbages in the cabbage field are harvested.

[0057] Compared with the method of cutting the cabbage first and then clamping and transporting, the cabbage harvesting method provided by the utility model has the following advantages: 1. The blade of the cutting device does not need to be close to the ground, which reduces the damage to the cutting blade and improves the root cutting effect; 2. When cutting the root, the cutting member 213 does not directly contact the cabbage, so the cabbage will not be cut, and the quality of the cabbage is guaranteed;

[0058] Compared with the method of first pulling out the cabbage and then clamping and conveying it, the cabbage harvesting method provided by the utility model has the following advantages: 1. This method has higher requirements for the clamping and conveying device. Once the posture of the cabbage being clamped and conveyed does not meet the requirements, it will cause cutting damage to the cabbage. For example, the cabbage body is tilted, resulting in a change in the cutting position, so that the cutting knife directly cuts the cabbage head. The cabbage harvesting method provided by the utility model is to directly cut the root of the cabbage through the cutting member 213, and there is no requirement for the posture of the cabbage. The cutting member 213 will not cause damage to the cabbage head; 2. This method needs to consider the size of the clamping force of the clamping device. If it is too small, the cabbage cannot be clamped, and if it is too large, the cabbage is easily damaged. Therefore, the effective clamping of cabbages of different sizes and shapes must be considered during the design. The cabbage harvesting method provided by the utility model is to directly pull the cabbage from the root, and cabbages of different sizes and shapes can be effectively clamped.

[0059] The utility model also provides corrugated sidewalls 322 on both sides of the conveyor belt 32 and partitions 321 on the conveyor belt 32, so that the conveyor belt 32 can transport cabbage at a large inclination angle, and the maximum conveying inclination angle can reach 90°, thereby saving space for the conveying components, reducing the size of the entire machine, and making the small cabbage harvester 10 smaller.

[0060] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small cabbage harvester, characterized in that: It comprises a cutting component, a transport component, a storage component and a traveling component, wherein two ends of the transport component are respectively connected to the cutting component and the storage component, and the traveling component is installed below the storage component; The transport component is used to transport the cabbage harvested by the cutting component to the storage component, and the storage component is used to store the cabbage. The travel component is used to provide forward power and change the travel direction of the small cabbage harvester; the cutting component includes a cutting component and a shifting component, and the cutting component includes a first fixed frame, two pulling shovels with the same structure and two cutting pieces with the same structure, one end of the first fixed frame is connected to the transport component, and each cutting piece is connected to the other end of the first fixed frame, and the middle part of each pulling shovel is fixedly installed on the top of a cutting piece, and a gap is left between the two pulling shovels so that the cabbage roots can enter the gap during the harvesting process. There is a certain angle between each pulling shovel and the ground, so that the cabbage can be pulled out of the field by the pulling shovel, and the cutting end of each cutting piece is parallel to the corresponding pulling shovel, so that the roots of the cabbage can be cut off by the cutting piece.

2. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each cutting member is rotatably mounted on an end of the first fixed frame facing away from the transport member. The cutting assembly further comprises two first hydraulic rods of identical structure. The fixed end of each first hydraulic rod is fixedly mounted on the first fixed frame, and the driving end is fixedly connected to the tail end of an extraction shovel so as to adjust the angle between each extraction shovel and the ground by telescoping the first hydraulic rods.

3. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The toggling assembly includes a second fixed frame, a first hydraulic motor, a toggling shaft and a plurality of toggling blades with the same structure, each of the toggling blades includes a first blade and a second blade, the bottom end of the second fixed frame is fixed to the first fixed frame, the fixed end of the first hydraulic motor is installed on the top of the second fixed frame, the toggling shaft is rotatably installed on the driving end of the first hydraulic motor, the bottom ends of the first blades are evenly distributed on the circumference of the outer surface of the toggling shaft, and the bottom ends of the second blades are telescopically installed on the top of the first blades, so that the cabbage can be sent into the transport component along the surface of each pulling shovel through the second blades.

4. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The storage assembly includes two collecting boxes with the same structure and a cockpit, and the two collecting boxes are respectively arranged on both sides of the cockpit; the side of the cockpit facing the transport component and the sides of the two collecting boxes facing the transport component together form a moving plane.

5. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The traveling assembly includes a third fixed frame, a second hydraulic motor, two driving wheels with the same structure and a steering wheel. The top surface of the third fixed frame is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the storage assembly. The steering wheel is mounted on the side of the third fixed frame facing the cutting component. The second hydraulic motor is mounted on the other side of the third fixed frame. The second hydraulic motor is equipped with a driving shaft connecting the two sides of the second hydraulic motor. The driving shaft is parallel to the length direction of the third fixed frame. Two driving wheels are respectively mounted at both ends of the driving shaft. The steering wheel is used to change the forward direction of the small cabbage harvester. The second hydraulic motor and the two driving wheels are used to provide forward power to the small cabbage harvester.

6. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The small cabbage harvester also includes a moving assembly, which includes two moving rods with the same structure, a moving frame and a second hydraulic rod. Each moving rod is installed on the moving plane along the length direction of the moving plane. The moving frame is slidably installed on the two moving rods. The fixed end of the second hydraulic rod is installed on the moving plane, and the driving end is connected to the moving frame. The second hydraulic rod is telescopic along the length direction of the moving plane, so that the moving frame can slide on the moving plane through the telescopic movement of the second hydraulic rod.

7. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transport component includes a fourth fixed frame, a conveyor belt and a driving assembly, and the driving assembly includes a third hydraulic motor, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a transmission chain; one end of the fourth fixed frame is installed at the top of the mobile frame, and the other end is connected to the first fixed frame, the conveyor belt is installed on the fourth fixed frame, the fixed end of the third hydraulic motor is installed on one side of the fourth fixed frame, and a driving sprocket is installed on the driving end to drive the driving sprocket to rotate through the third hydraulic motor, the driven sprocket is connected to the driving sprocket of the conveyor belt to drive the conveyor belt to rotate through the driven sprocket, and the two ends of the transmission chain are respectively mounted on the tooth grooves of the driving sprocket and the tooth grooves of the driven sprocket, so that the driving sprocket drives the driven sprocket to rotate through the transmission chain.

8. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transport component also includes a third hydraulic rod. The fourth fixed frame is rotatably mounted on the top of the mobile frame. The fixed end of the third hydraulic rod is mounted on the mobile frame, and the driving end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fourth fixed frame so that the angle between the fourth fixed frame and the ground can be adjusted by telescoping the third hydraulic rod.

9. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The conveyor belt is also provided with a plurality of partitions, and both sides of the conveyor belt are provided with corrugated retaining edges.

10. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 9, characterized in that: The small cabbage harvester also includes a driving terminal, which is arranged in the cockpit. The driving terminal is electrically connected to the first hydraulic rod, the second hydraulic rod, the third hydraulic rod, the first hydraulic motor, the second hydraulic motor and the third hydraulic motor, and the driving terminal is mechanically connected to the steering wheel.

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