Friction stir welding device for ribbed plate of aluminum alloy cabin

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of deep processing and manufacturing of aluminum alloy products, in particular to an aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plate friction stir welding device which comprises a welding base, and the tail of the welding base is connected with a ribbed plate loading frame. A supporting base plate is arranged above the welding base, a to-be-welded strip rib plate is installed above the supporting base plate, the upper portion of the to-be-welded strip rib plate I is pressed through a plurality of pneumatic pressing devices, and the pneumatic pressing devices are evenly fixed to the welding base. The upper portion of the to-be-welded strip rib plate II is pressed through a plurality of pneumatic jacking devices, the pneumatic jacking devices are evenly fixed to a discharging device, and the discharging device is fixed to the upper end of the tail of the welding base. Longitudinal pressing devices are arranged at the two longitudinal ends of the to-be-welded strip rib plate I and the to-be-welded strip rib plate II, and the top of the to-be-welded strip rib plate I abuts against a transverse pressing device fixed to the welding base. The device is suitable for welding of strip rib plates of any size and form, feeding and discharging are convenient, and assembling before welding is convenient; the positioning precision is high, the pressing degrees of the two sides of a welding seam are consistent, and a welded profile does not deform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of deep processing and manufacturing of aluminum alloy products, in particular to a friction stir welding device for an aluminum alloy cabin body with ribbed plates. Background Art

[0002] Compared with steel, aluminum alloy has an obvious feature that is good plasticity. It can be used to produce complex cross-section profiles that are difficult to produce by rolling or welding through extrusion, so a more reasonable cross-section form of the component can be obtained; the representative component is the aluminum alloy integral wall plate, also known as aluminum alloy ribbed plate. During the production process of this plate, the plate and the strip on the plate are extruded synchronously, so in practical applications, the production and assembly of the strip is omitted, which can greatly improve the production efficiency of the hull structure. The aluminum alloy ribbed plate structure is a typical aluminum alloy plate frame structure, which mainly has two types of plate frames: cut-out type and hanging type.

[0003] The composition system of a general shelter includes a cabin structure and an interior decoration system. The cabin structure is an aluminum cabin structure, which is welded by a large-section aluminum alloy extrusion. It is mainly composed of a chassis, a ceiling, side walls, and end walls. Its structure is welded by aluminum alloy ribbed plates. At present, in the manufacture of aluminum alloy cabin structures, stir friction welding is mainly used for butt welding of ribbed plates of different specifications. The welding devices all use simple welding clamping devices. The existing technology has the following deficiencies:

[0004] 1. The length of the aluminum alloy cabin structure is based on the design and use requirements, and the size of the ribbed plate is of various specifications. Welding requires welding tools of different specifications and sizes. The simple clamping device is manually clamped, and the clamping tightness of the ribbed plate welding position is inconsistent, which affects the welding quality and has low production efficiency;

[0005] 2. The aluminum alloy cabin structure is composed of welded ribbed plates. After welding, it is easily affected by heat input and prone to bending and warping, resulting in excessive deformation of the cabin, out-of-tolerance dimensions, and difficulty in adjustment, which seriously affects the subsequent shaping process;

[0006] 3. The friction stir welding joint of aluminum alloy ribbed plate is generally designed in a butt joint form. After single-sided welding, defects such as incomplete penetration and poor fusion are prone to occur at the joint, resulting in poor airtightness; Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plates. The device is suitable for welding ribbed plates of any size and form by arranging a pneumatic clamping device, a pneumatic jacking device, etc., and is convenient for loading and unloading and assembly before welding; the positioning accuracy is high, the clamping degree on both sides of the weld is consistent, and there is no deformation of the profile after welding.

[0008] A friction stir welding device for ribbed plates of an aluminum alloy cabin comprises a welding base, the tail of the welding base is connected to a ribbed plate loading rack; a support pad is provided above the welding base, the ribbed plate to be welded is installed above the support pad, the top of the ribbed plate I to be welded is clamped by a plurality of pneumatic clamping devices, and the pneumatic clamping devices are evenly fixed on the welding base; the top of the ribbed plate II to be welded is clamped by a plurality of pneumatic jacking devices, and the pneumatic jacking devices are evenly fixed on a discharging device, and the discharging device is fixed to the upper end of the tail of the welding base; longitudinal clamping devices are provided at both longitudinal ends of the ribbed plates I and II to be welded, and the top of the ribbed plate I to be welded is clamped by a transverse clamping device fixed on the welding base.

[0009] The support pad includes a weld support pad and a profile support pad. The weld support pad is arranged between the two profile support plates, and the profile support pad and the weld support pad are in the same horizontal plane.

[0010] The profile support pad is made of aluminum alloy, and the weld support pad is made of stainless steel.

[0011] The pneumatic clamping device comprises a cylinder I and a pressure rod. The cylinder I is fixed on the welding base. The top of the cylinder I is connected to the pressure rod. The end of the pressure rod is clamped on the root of the rib of the ribbed plate I to be welded.

[0012] The discharging device comprises a fixed plate and an inclined baffle, wherein the fixed plate is symmetrically fixed on the upper end of the tail of the welding base, the inclined baffle is slidably connected between the two fixed plates, and an angle of 45° is formed between the inclined baffle and the two fixed plates.

[0013] The pneumatic tightening device is tightened on the root of the rib of the ribbed plate II to be welded; the pneumatic tightening device includes a cylinder II and a telescopic rod, the cylinder II is fixed on the inclined baffle of the discharge device, the piston of the cylinder II is connected to the telescopic rod, and there is a 45° angle between the telescopic rod and the root of the rib of the ribbed plate II to be welded.

[0014] The longitudinal clamping device includes a support block and a clamping mechanism. The support block is placed on the longitudinal end of the profile support pad and is fixed on the welding base. A clamping mechanism is provided above the support block. The clamping mechanism includes a cylinder III and a clamping block. Cylinder III is fixed on the support block. The piston of cylinder III is connected to the clamping block. The clamping block acts on the longitudinal ends of the welding rib plate I and the rib plate to be welded II.

[0015] A nylon pad is attached to the upper surface of the ribbed plate carrier.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. The present invention is equipped with multiple pneumatic clamping devices, multiple pneumatic clamping devices, longitudinal clamping devices and transverse clamping devices, which can ensure that the positioning accuracy of the ribbed plate to be welded is higher, the clamping degree on both sides of the weld is consistent, and the profile is not deformed after welding, saving the adjustment and shaping process, reducing the production cost, and greatly improving the welding quality.

[0018] 2. The pneumatic pressing device, pneumatic pressing device and longitudinal pressing device of the present application are all controlled by cylinders, which speeds up the assembly and loading and unloading time and improves the welding efficiency.

[0019] 3. The present invention is suitable for welding ribbed plates of different lengths and thicknesses; the number of pneumatic clamping devices and pneumatic pressing devices of the present invention can be adjusted according to the length of the ribbed plates to be welded, thereby ensuring accurate positioning of the ribbed plates to be welded. At the same time, the discharge device of the present application can adjust the height of the inclined baffle of the discharge device according to the specifications of the ribbed plates to be welded, thereby facilitating the entry of ribbed plates of different heights to be welded into the ribbed plate loading rack after welding is completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The overall structural diagram of the friction stir welding device for ribbed plates of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a discharge device of a ribbed plate friction stir welding device according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the longitudinal clamping device of the friction stir welding device for ribbed plates of the present invention, as well as the weld support pad and profile support pad;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the tightening positions of the pneumatic clamping device and the pneumatic tightening device of the ribbed plate friction stir welding device of the present invention;

[0024] In the attached drawings: 1. welding base; 2. ribbed plate carrier; 3. ribbed plate to be welded Ⅰ; 4. ribbed plate to be welded Ⅱ; 5. pneumatic clamping device; 501. cylinder Ⅰ; 502. pressure rod; 6. pneumatic jacking device; 601. cylinder Ⅱ; 602. telescopic rod; 7. discharging device; 701. fixed plate; 702. oblique baffle; 8. longitudinal clamping device; 801. support block; 802. cylinder Ⅲ; 803. clamping block; 9. transverse clamping device; 10. weld support pad; 11. profile support pad; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1-4As shown, a friction stir welding device for ribbed plates of an aluminum alloy cabin comprises a welding base 1, the tail of the welding base 1 is connected to a ribbed plate carrier 2; the welding base 1 is formed by butt-welding of steel plates, wherein the upper surface of the base needs to be milled to facilitate the installation of a pneumatic clamping device 5, a longitudinal clamping device 8, and a transverse clamping device 9, and to ensure consistent flatness accuracy; grooves are reserved around the welding base 1, and the welding machine working platform is connected with bolts; a nylon pad is attached to the upper surface of the ribbed plate carrier 2 to prevent the surface of the ribbed plate from being scratched during loading and transportation, and the ribbed plate carrier 2 can select ribbed plate carriers of different widths according to the different lengths of the ribbed plate welds, and the end and tail of the ribbed plate carrier 2 are provided with hoisting circular holes for easy disassembly and assembly.

[0027] A support pad is provided above the welding base 1, and a ribbed plate to be welded is installed above the support pad. The ribbed plate Ⅰ3 to be welded is clamped above by a plurality of pneumatic clamping devices 5, and the pneumatic clamping devices 5 are evenly fixed on the welding base 1; the support pad includes a weld support pad 10 and a profile support pad 11, the weld support plate 10 is arranged between the two profile support plates 11, the profile support pad 11 and the weld support pad 10 are in the same horizontal plane, and the horizontality thereof needs to be detected by three coordinates before welding; the profile support pad 11 is made of aluminum alloy, and provides sufficient support force for the profile of the ribbed plate to be welded during welding, and the weld support pad 10 is made of stainless steel, and provides sufficient support force for the weld during welding;

[0028] The pneumatic clamping device 5 includes a cylinder Ⅰ501 and a pressure rod 502. The cylinder Ⅰ501 is fixed on the welding base 1. The top of the cylinder Ⅰ501 is connected to the pressure rod 502. The end of the pressure rod 502 is pressed against the root of the rib of the ribbed plate Ⅰ3 to be welded. The number of pneumatic clamping devices 5 can be set according to the welding length between the ribbed plate Ⅰ3 to be welded and the ribbed plate Ⅱ4 to be welded, so as to ensure effective clamping of the ribbed plate Ⅰ3 to be welded.

[0029] The top of the ribbed plate II 4 to be welded is pressed by multiple pneumatic tightening devices 6, and the pneumatic tightening devices 6 are evenly fixed on the discharge device 7, and the discharge device 7 is fixed on the upper end of the tail of the welding base 1; the discharge device 7 includes a fixed plate 701 and an inclined baffle 702, and the fixed plate 701 is symmetrically fixed on the upper end of the tail of the welding base 1, and the inclined baffle 702 is slidably connected between the two fixed plates 701, and the inclined baffle 702 forms an angle of 45° with the two fixed plates 701; after the welding of the ribbed plate to be welded is completed, it is transmitted to the ribbed plate unloading rack 2 through the bottom of the inclined baffle 702, and the inclined baffle 702 is provided with multi-speed bolt holes, which can move up and down between the fixed plates 701, so as to adjust the outlet height to meet the welding of ribbed plates of different heights.

[0030] The pneumatic tightening device 6 is tightened against the root of the rib of the ribbed plate Ⅱ4 to be welded; the pneumatic tightening device 6 includes a cylinder Ⅱ601 and a telescopic rod 602, the cylinder Ⅱ601 is fixed on the inclined baffle 702 of the discharging device 7, the piston of the cylinder Ⅱ601 is connected to the telescopic rod 602, and there is a 45° angle between the telescopic rod 602 and the root of the rib of the ribbed plate Ⅱ4 to be welded; when the inclined baffle 702 moves upward or downward, the cylinder Ⅱ601 drives the telescopic rod 602 to move, thereby ensuring that the telescopic rod 602 and the root of the rib of the ribbed plate Ⅱ4 to be welded are always in a tightened state.

[0031] When the number of the pneumatic pressing devices 5 and the pneumatic pressing devices 6 is the same and the pressing positions are in a straight line, the pressing effect is best.

[0032] The longitudinal ends of the ribbed plate Ⅰ3 and the ribbed plate Ⅱ4 to be welded are provided with longitudinal clamping devices 8, which can ensure that the ends of the welds of the ribbed plates to be welded are in the same position when clamped; the top of the ribbed plate Ⅰ3 to be welded is clamped by a transverse clamping device 9 fixed on the welding base 1, and the transverse clamping device 9 is provided in two numbers, which are respectively located at the head and tail ends of the ribbed plate Ⅰ3. During welding, the pneumatic clamping device 6 is cooperated to provide sufficient clamping force, and at the same time, the lateral position of the ribbed plate assembly can be ensured to be consistent.

[0033] The longitudinal clamping device 8 includes a support block 801 and a clamping mechanism. The support block 801 is pressed against the longitudinal end of the profile support pad 11 and is fixed on the welding base 1. A clamping mechanism is provided above the support block 801. The clamping mechanism includes a cylinder III 802 and a clamping block 803. The cylinder III 802 is fixed on the support block 801. The piston of the cylinder III 802 is connected to the clamping block 803. The clamping block 803 acts on the longitudinal ends of the welding rib plate I3 and the rib plate II7 to be welded.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] A stir friction welding of aluminum alloy cabin subassemblies, the cabin body adopts stir friction welding of subassembly structure including front wall, front top plate, front bottom plate, left wall, right wall, etc. Each subassembly is assembled according to the assembly welding design drawing, and then welded by stir friction welding, including the following steps:

[0036] 1. Aluminum alloy ribbed plate: Aluminum alloy shelter ribbed plate is divided into high ribbed ribbed plate and low ribbed ribbed plate according to the sub-assembly structure design. The material state is 6005A-T6, the joint thickness is 6mm, and it is welded by stir friction welding;

[0037] 2. Preparation before welding: Taking the left wall as an example, the aluminum alloy left wall ribbed plate to be welded is mechanically polished to remove the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy profile;

[0038] 3. Assembly: Install the two left wall aluminum alloy ribbed plates on the welding base 1 according to the assembly drawing requirements. The assembly order is to first fix the ribbed plates to be welded by the longitudinal clamping device 8 and the transverse clamping device 9, and then select the appropriate pneumatic clamping device 5 and the pneumatic jacking device 6 according to the length of the ribbed plates to be welded. The pneumatic clamping device 5 is pressed on the rib root of the ribbed plate to be welded, and the pneumatic jacking device 6 forms an angle of 45° with the rib root of the ribbed plate to be welded and presses the ribbed plate to be welded. The clamping positions of the pneumatic clamping device and the pneumatic jacking device 6 are in a straight line, the welding gap is less than 0.5mm, and the misalignment on both sides of the weld is ≤0.5mm;

[0039] 4. Welding: The length of the stirring head needle for welding should be less than 0.2mm of the ribbed plate thickness, and the length of the stirring head needle should be 5.8mm. The friction stir welding system uses a constant displacement control system, and the welding machine is equipped with a clamping wheel and an online cooling device. The inclination angle of the stirring head is 2.5°, and the stirring head moves forward counterclockwise during welding. The welding pressure is selected at 30KN, the stirring head speed is selected at 1400r / min, and the welding speed is selected at 1000mm / min;

[0040] 5. Material transfer: After the left wall sub-assembly is welded to 6 pairs of ribbed plates, adjust the height of the inclined baffle 702 between the fixed plates 701, and transfer the welded ribbed plates to the ribbed plate carrier 2 until all the sub-assemblies are welded;

[0041] 6. Post-weld adjustment and inspection: After welding, remove the weld flash to ensure a smooth transition between the weld and the base material. The welding keyhole is removed by machining. The weld has a good appearance, no holes, tunnels or other defects inside, and the flatness of the left wall assembly is less than 1.5mm / m.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] A friction stir welding method for aluminum alloy communication cabin subassembly, wherein the cabin body adopts friction stir welding of subassembly structure including front wall, rear wall, front bottom plate, ceiling, middle partition wall, etc. Each subassembly is assembled according to the assembly welding design drawing, and then welded by friction stir welding, including the following steps:

[0044] 1. Aluminum alloy ribbed plate: The aluminum alloy communication cabin ribbed plate is made of 6082-T6 material, with a joint thickness of 4.2mm, and is welded by friction stir welding;

[0045] 2. Preparation before welding: Taking the middle partition wall as an example, the surface to be welded of the ribbed plate of the middle partition wall is mechanically polished to remove the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy profile;

[0046] 3. Pair assembly: install the two aluminum alloy ribbed plates of the middle partition wall on the welding base 1 according to the requirements of the assembly drawing. The assembly order is to first fix the ribbed plate to be welded by the longitudinal clamping device 8 and the transverse clamping device 9, and then select the appropriate amount of pneumatic clamping device 5 and pneumatic jacking device 6 according to the length of the ribbed plate to be welded. The pneumatic clamping device 5 is clamped on the rib root of the ribbed plate to be welded, and the pneumatic jacking device 6 forms an angle of 45° with the rib root of the ribbed plate to be welded and clamps the ribbed plate to be welded. The clamping positions of the pneumatic clamping device 5 and the pneumatic jacking device 6 are in a straight line, the welding gap is less than 0.5mm, and the misalignment on both sides of the weld is ≤0.5mm;

[0047] 4. Welding: The length of the stirring head needle for welding should be less than 0.2mm of the ribbed plate thickness, and the length of the stirring head needle should be 4mm. The friction stir welding system uses a constant displacement control system, and a clamping wheel is used to assist welding. The inclination angle of the stirring head is 2.5°, and the stirring head moves forward counterclockwise during welding. The welding pressure is selected at 25KN, the stirring head speed is selected at 1500r / min, and the welding speed is selected at 1200mm / min;

[0048] 5. Material transfer: After the middle partition wall sub-assembly is welded to 5 pairs of ribbed plates, adjust the height of the inclined baffle 702 between the fixed plates 701, and transfer the welded ribbed plates to the ribbed plate carrier 2 until all the sub-assemblies are welded;

[0049] 6. Post-weld adjustment and inspection: After welding, remove the weld flash to ensure a smooth transition between the weld and the base material. The welding keyhole is removed by machining. The weld appearance is well formed, with no holes, tunnels or other defects inside, and the flatness of the middle partition wall assembly is less than 1mm / m.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plate, characterized in that: It includes a welding base, the tail of which is connected to a ribbed plate loading rack; a supporting pad is provided above the welding base, and a ribbed plate to be welded is installed above the supporting pad, and the top of the ribbed plate I to be welded is pressed by multiple pneumatic clamping devices, and the pneumatic clamping devices are evenly fixed on the welding base; the top of the ribbed plate II to be welded is pressed by multiple pneumatic jacking devices, and the pneumatic jacking devices are evenly fixed on the discharging device, and the discharging device is fixed to the upper end of the tail of the welding base; longitudinal clamping devices are provided at both longitudinal ends of the ribbed plates I and II to be welded, and the top of the ribbed plate I to be welded is clamped by a transverse clamping device fixed on the welding base.

2. The friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support pad includes a weld support pad and a profile support pad. The weld support pad is arranged between the two profile support plates, and the profile support pad and the weld support pad are in the same horizontal plane.

3. The friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The profile support pad is made of aluminum alloy, and the weld support pad is made of stainless steel.

4. The friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic clamping device comprises a cylinder I and a pressure rod. The cylinder I is fixed on the welding base. The top of the cylinder I is connected to the pressure rod. The end of the pressure rod is clamped on the root of the rib of the ribbed plate I to be welded.

5. The friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharging device comprises a fixed plate and an inclined baffle, wherein the fixed plate is symmetrically fixed on the upper end of the tail of the welding base, the inclined baffle is slidably connected between the two fixed plates, and an angle of 45° is formed between the inclined baffle and the two fixed plates.

6. The friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic tightening device is tightened on the root of the rib of the ribbed plate II to be welded; the pneumatic tightening device includes a cylinder II and a telescopic rod, the cylinder II is fixed on the inclined baffle of the discharge device, the piston of the cylinder II is connected to the telescopic rod, and there is a 45° angle between the telescopic rod and the root of the rib of the ribbed plate II to be welded.

7. The friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal clamping device includes a support block and a clamping mechanism. The support block is placed on the longitudinal end of the profile support pad and is fixed on the welding base. A clamping mechanism is provided above the support block. The clamping mechanism includes a cylinder III and a clamping block. Cylinder III is fixed on the support block. The piston of cylinder III is connected to the clamping block. The clamping block acts on the longitudinal end of the welding rib plate I or the rib plate to be welded II.

8. The friction stir welding device for aluminum alloy cabin ribbed plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A nylon pad is attached to the upper surface of the ribbed plate carrier.

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