Water drainage, pressure relief and floating reduction structure of underground building
By designing a drainage and pressure relief structure for underground buildings including the first drainage unit and the second drainage unit, the structural instability problem caused by underground buildings in coastal areas and steep slopes is solved, and the effect of effectively reducing water buoyancy and water pressure is achieved, and the anti-floating stability of the building is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421485514.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-27
AI Technical Summary
Underground buildings in coastal areas and steep slopes are unstable due to groundwater buoyancy and water pressure, and long-term uneven stresses are likely to cause differential settlement of buildings. The existing technology is difficult to effectively solve the impact of surrounding groundwater.
A drainage and pressure relief and floating structure for underground building is designed, including a first drainage unit and a second drainage unit. The first drainage unit is located outside the underground exterior wall of the underground building, and runs to the lowest elevation of the outdoor site, and drains to the low-lying terrain; the second drainage unit is located below the base plate of the underground building, and through several second drainage blind ditches and related structures, effective water discharge is achieved.
By providing the first drainage unit and the second drainage unit, the water buoyancy of the building can be effectively reduced, the water pressure of the basement floor can be reduced, the building can be prevented from subsidence, and the building's anti-floating stability can be improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222810079U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of drainage pressure reduction and anti-floating of underground engineering, and more specifically, particularly relates to a drainage pressure relief and anti-floating structure for underground buildings. Background Art
[0002] With the development of my country's economy, more and more construction projects are appearing in offshore areas and steep slopes, which brings challenges to the anti-floating design of the main building during the construction and use stages. Slope buildings in coastal areas have large groundwater buoyancy due to the potential energy difference of the terrain. The water pressure not only threatens the stability of the supporting structure, but also exerts a large upward pressure on the building floor during the use stage of the building. Long-term uneven force can easily cause differential settlement of the building. The general active anti-floating method is to set a gravel blind ditch under the basement floor, collect the groundwater into the sump by active drainage, and then pump it out. Although this method can reduce the water pressure of the building basement floor to a certain extent, it only considers the groundwater under the basement, and ignores the influence of groundwater around the basement. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and aims to provide an underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure which can solve the above-mentioned problems.
[0004] A drainage, pressure relief and buoyancy reduction structure for an underground building comprises a first drainage unit and a second drainage unit; the first drainage unit is arranged outside the underground outer wall of the underground building, and the first drainage unit passes through to the lowest elevation point of the outdoor site; the second drainage unit is arranged below the bottom plate of the underground building.
[0005] Furthermore, the first drainage unit includes a circle of first drainage blind ditch arranged on the outer side of the underground outer wall of the underground building, and the first drainage blind ditch extends to the lowest point of the outdoor site elevation.
[0006] Furthermore, one side of the first drainage blind ditch is connected to the underground outer wall of the underground building, and the other side and the top are backfilled with a first backfill soil layer, and a first plain concrete cushion layer is arranged below the first drainage blind ditch and the first backfill soil layer.
[0007] Furthermore, a second backfill soil layer is arranged below the first plain concrete cushion layer, and the bottom surface of the second backfill soil layer is flush with the top surface of the underground building floor.
[0008] Furthermore, a third backfill soil layer is arranged below the second backfill soil layer.
[0009] Furthermore, the second drainage unit includes a plurality of second drainage blind ditches, and the plurality of second drainage blind ditches are arranged at equal intervals.
[0010] Furthermore, the second drainage blind ditch includes a blind ditch body, a gravel layer is provided in the blind ditch body, and the top surface of the gravel layer is provided with a first geotextile layer, a water-conducting grid layer, a polyethylene protective film layer, and a second plain concrete cushion layer in sequence from bottom to top; a blind pipe is provided in the blind ditch body, and a non-woven geotextile filter layer is provided on the outside of the blind pipe.
[0011] Furthermore, the second drainage blind ditch also includes a water collecting channel and a second drainage pipe. The water collecting channel is connected to the blind ditch body, and the second drainage pipe is connected to the water collecting channel for drainage.
[0012] Furthermore, a second geotextile layer is provided in the blind ditch body.
[0013] Furthermore, the blind groove body is a trapezoidal groove.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0015] The underground building drainage pressure relief and buoyancy reduction structure in the utility model is provided with a first drainage unit and a second drainage unit. The first drainage unit is arranged outside the underground outer wall of the underground building, and the first drainage unit is connected to the lowest point of the outdoor site elevation, so that the accumulated water around the basement is drained to the low-lying area. The second drainage unit is arranged below the bottom plate of the underground building, which can effectively reduce the water buoyancy of the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:
[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the underground building drainage, pressure relief and float reduction structure in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 It is a top view of the underground building drainage, pressure relief and float reduction structure in an embodiment of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the underground building drainage, pressure relief and floatation reduction structure in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 4 It is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the underground building drainage, pressure relief and floatation reduction structure in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0021] In the figure: 1, the first drainage unit; 2, the second drainage unit; 3, the underground outer wall of the underground building; 4, the underground building bottom plate; 5, the first drainage blind ditch; 6, the first backfill soil layer; 7, the first plain concrete cushion layer; 8, the second backfill soil layer; 9, the third backfill soil layer; 10, the blind ditch body; 11, the crushed stone layer; 12, the first geotextile layer; 13, the water-conducting grid layer; 14, the polyethylene protective film layer; 15, the second plain concrete cushion layer; 16, the blind pipe; 17, the water collection channel; 18, the second drainage pipe; 19, the second geotextile layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure in this embodiment includes a first drainage unit 1 and a second drainage unit 2; the first drainage unit 1 is arranged on the outside of the underground outer wall 3 of the underground building, and the first drainage unit 1 passes through to the lowest elevation of the outdoor site; the second drainage unit 2 is arranged below the bottom plate 4 of the underground building.
[0024] In this embodiment, the first drainage unit 1 includes a circle of first drainage blind ditch 5 arranged outside the underground outer wall 3 of the underground building. The first drainage blind ditch 5 runs through to the lowest elevation of the outdoor site, so as to drain the accumulated water around the basement to the low-lying area. One side of the first drainage blind ditch 5 is connected to the underground outer wall 3 of the underground building, and the other side and the top are backfilled with a first backfill soil layer 6. A first plain concrete cushion layer 7 is arranged below the first drainage blind ditch 5 and the first backfill soil layer 6. A second backfill soil layer 8 is arranged below the first plain concrete cushion layer 7, and the bottom surface of the second backfill soil layer 8 is flush with the top surface of the underground building floor 4. A third backfill soil layer 9 is arranged below the second backfill soil layer 8.
[0025] Specifically, the first drainage blind ditch 5 is paved with sand and gravel. Preferably, in other embodiments, a seepage pipe is also provided in the first drainage blind ditch 5. The first drainage blind ditch 5 located at the lower part of the slope is connected to a water collection well, which is connected to a first drainage pipe. The water collection well is convenient for collecting water in the first drainage blind ditch 5 on the one hand, and for draining the accumulated water to low-lying areas through the first drainage pipe on the other hand, thereby reducing the water buoyancy on the underground building.
[0026] In this embodiment, the second drainage unit 2 includes a plurality of second drainage blind ditches, which are arranged at equal intervals from the high point of the slope to the low point of the slope. Specifically, the interval between the second drainage blind ditches is 30m, and the second drainage blind ditch includes a blind ditch body 10, which is a trapezoidal groove, and a crushed stone layer 11 is arranged in the blind ditch body 10, and the top surface of the crushed stone layer 11 is arranged from bottom to top in sequence with a first geotextile layer 12, a water-conducting grid layer 13, a polyethylene protective film layer 14, and a second plain concrete cushion layer 15; a blind pipe 16 is arranged in the blind ditch body 10, and two blind pipes 16 are arranged side by side at the bottom of the blind ditch body 10, and a non-woven geotextile filter layer is arranged on the outside of the blind pipe 16. A second geotextile layer 19 is also arranged on the inner wall of the blind ditch body 10.
[0027] The second drainage blind ditch further includes a water collecting channel 17 and a second drainage pipe 18 . The water collecting channel 17 is connected to the blind ditch body 10 . The second drainage pipe 18 is connected to the water collecting channel 17 for drainage.
[0028] The underground building drainage, pressure relief and buoyancy reduction structure in this embodiment is provided with a first drainage unit 1 and a second drainage unit 2. The first drainage unit 1 is arranged outside the underground outer wall 3 of the underground building, and the first drainage unit 1 is connected to the lowest elevation of the outdoor site, so that the accumulated water around the basement is drained to the low-lying area. The second drainage unit 2 is arranged under the basement slab 4 of the underground building, which can effectively reduce the water buoyancy of the building.
[0029] The construction steps of the underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure in this embodiment are:
[0030] 1. Before pouring the basement slab, the second drainage unit 2 is constructed:
[0031] A blind ditch body 10 is excavated. The blind ditch body 10 is arranged under the basement floor and avoids the raft slab, and adopts a trapezoidal groove.
[0032] The second geotextile layer 19 is laid in the trapezoidal trench. The two sides of the geotextile are laid close to the side walls and the pit wall. The middle folded length is 200mm. The top is fixed with nails, etc., and plastic gaskets and iron gaskets are added to prevent the geotextile from shifting due to backfill construction and settlement of the upper filler.
[0033] The pipeline is pre-buried, and two blind pipes 16 are buried at the bottom of the blind ditch body 10. The outer side of the blind pipe 16 is wrapped with a non-woven geotextile filter layer, and the non-woven geotextile filter layer adopts geotextile.
[0034] The blind ditch body 10 is backfilled, and 4-5 cm of crushed stone is filled in the needle-punched geotextile. The mud content of the crushed stone is less than or equal to 5%, and the sand content is less than or equal to 4%. The crushed stone is laid manually and properly vibrated.
[0035] The first geotextile layer 12 is laid on the gravel, and warp-knitted geotextile is used. During the laying process of the first geotextile layer 12, damage is strictly prohibited. A water-conducting grid layer 13 is laid on the first geotextile layer 12, and the water-conducting grid is laid in a plane. A polyethylene protective film layer 14 is laid on the water-conducting grid layer 13. A second plain concrete cushion layer 15 is poured on the polyethylene protective film layer 14.
[0036] 2. Pour the basement floor slab and construct other basement structures.
[0037] 3. Construction of the second drainage unit 2:
[0038] Three days after the building's external waterproofing is completed, the third backfill soil layer 9 should be backfilled. The backfill soil should be backfilled and compacted in layers. Clay should be used for backfilling, and the compaction coefficient should not be less than 0.94.
[0039] After the garage roof structure is constructed, the second backfill soil layer 8 is backfilled. The backfill soil should be backfilled and compacted in layers. The backfill soil can be excavated soil, and the compaction coefficient should not be less than 0.94.
[0040] Pour the first plain concrete cushion layer 7.
[0041] Before backfilling the first backfill soil layer 6, the first drainage blind ditch 5 is laid, and the first drainage blind ditch 5 with a width of 800 mm and a height of 300 mm is paved with gravel on the first plain concrete cushion layer 7 near the underground outer wall 3 of the underground building, and is connected to the lowest point of the outdoor site elevation. Then the first backfill soil layer 6 is backfilled.
[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A drainage, pressure relief and floating reduction structure for underground buildings, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first drainage unit (1) and a second drainage unit (2); the first drainage unit (1) is arranged outside an underground outer wall (3) of an underground building, and the first drainage unit (1) is connected to the lowest point of the outdoor site elevation; the second drainage unit (2) is arranged below the base plate (4) of the underground building.
2. The underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drainage unit (1) comprises a circle of first drainage blind ditches (5) arranged around the outside of the underground outer wall (3) of the underground building, and the first drainage blind ditches (5) extend to the lowest point of the outdoor site elevation.
3. The underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: One side of the first drainage blind ditch (5) is connected to the underground outer wall (3) of the underground building, and the other side and the top are backfilled with a first backfill soil layer (6), and a first plain concrete cushion layer (7) is arranged below the first drainage blind ditch (5) and the first backfill soil layer (6).
4. The underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A second backfill soil layer (8) is provided below the first plain concrete cushion layer (7), and the bottom surface of the second backfill soil layer (8) is flush with the top surface of the underground building floor slab (4).
5. The underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third backfill soil layer (9) is provided below the second backfill soil layer (8).
6. The underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The second drainage unit (2) comprises a plurality of second drainage blind ditches, and the plurality of second drainage blind ditches are arranged at equal intervals.
7. The underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second drainage blind ditch comprises a blind ditch body (10), a crushed stone layer (11) is arranged inside the blind ditch body (10), and the top surface of the crushed stone layer (11) is provided with a first geotextile layer (12), a water-conducting grid layer (13), a polyethylene protective film layer (14), and a second plain concrete cushion layer (15) in order from bottom to top; a blind pipe (16) is arranged inside the blind ditch body (10), and a non-woven geotextile filter layer is arranged on the outside of the blind pipe (16).
8. The underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second drainage blind ditch also includes a water collection channel (17) and a second drainage pipe (18); the water collection channel (17) is connected to the blind ditch body (10); and the second drainage pipe (18) is connected to the water collection channel (17) for drainage.
9. The underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second geotextile layer (19) is provided in the blind ditch body (10).
10. The underground building drainage pressure relief and floating reduction structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The blind groove body (10) is a trapezoidal groove.