Parking system for electric automobile and electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model relates to a parking system for an electric automobile, which comprises a parking ratchet wheel connected to an intermediate shaft and provided with a tooth socket on the side surface; one end of the parking pawl is hinged to the interior of the speed reducer, a limiting part is formed at the other end of the parking pawl, and a containing groove is formed in the side, away from the limiting part, of the parking pawl; the linkage assembly comprises a push rod and a pushing piece, the pushing piece is arranged on the side, away from the parking ratchet wheel, of the parking pawl, and the pushing piece is provided with a matching part; one end of the push rod is connected to the pushing piece; the driving assembly is connected with the other end of the push rod and drives the push piece to move through the push rod; according to the electric automobile, the parking pawl and the parking ratchet wheel are matched to lock the middle shaft, compared with an input shaft, the rotating speed of the middle shaft is low, when the parking pawl and the parking ratchet wheel are combined and separated, the speed of the parking ratchet wheel is easier to control, and direct parking and locking can be achieved under the condition that an automobile slides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical structure, reducer and transmission, and in particular to a parking system for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve the parking stability of electric vehicles and prevent the vehicle from rolling after parking, a parking system is usually provided in the powertrain of electric vehicles. When the vehicle rolls down a slope after parking, emergency parking is performed through the parking device to ensure the stability and safety of the electric vehicle.

[0003] In the prior art, parking devices usually use solenoid valves, brushed motors and other operating mechanisms to lock the motor input shaft, which makes the entire parking system layout space large, complex structure, high cost, and poor component strength. In sudden situations, emergency parking may cause parking or unlocking failure due to the high rotation speed of the locking shaft. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on the above description, the utility model provides a parking system for electric vehicles to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the strength of parking system components is poor and emergency parking in sudden situations may cause parking or unlocking failure due to the high rotation speed of the locking shaft.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A parking system for an electric vehicle, comprising:

[0007] a parking ratchet wheel connected to the intermediate shaft and having a tooth groove formed on the side surface;

[0008] A parking pawl is arranged on one side of the parking ratchet wheel, one end of which is hinged inside the reducer, and the other end is formed with a limiting portion that cooperates with the tooth groove to limit the position, and a receiving groove is provided on the side of the parking pawl away from the limiting portion;

[0009] A linkage assembly, comprising a push rod and a push member, wherein the push member is arranged on a side of the parking pawl away from the parking ratchet, and the push member has a matching portion that matches the receiving groove; one end of the push rod is connected to the push member, and is used to push the push member to separate the matching portion from the receiving groove or return to the receiving groove, and when the matching portion is separated from the receiving groove, the matching portion forces the parking pawl to swing in a direction close to the parking ratchet;

[0010] A driving assembly is connected to the other end of the push rod and drives the pushing member to move through the push rod.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0012] The present application adopts the cooperation of the parking pawl and the parking ratchet to lock the intermediate shaft. Compared with the input shaft, the rotation speed of the intermediate shaft is lower. When the parking pawl and the parking ratchet are engaged and disengaged, it is easier to control the speed of the parking ratchet. The parking system can be directly locked in the event of the car slipping, and can be parked in emergency situations. Due to the high-strength mechanical structure, this parking system can directly park or unlock without parking failure.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a brushless DC motor, a shift shaft and a shift paddle; the output end of the brushless DC motor is connected to the shift shaft, one end of the shift paddle is connected to the shift shaft, and the other end is connected to an end of the push rod away from the pushing member.

[0015] Furthermore, the shift paddle is vertically arranged relative to the shift shaft, and the push rod is vertically arranged relative to the shift paddle and the shift shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the parking pawl is rotatably connected to the reducer via a pawl pin, the pawl pin is disposed at one end of the parking pawl away from the limiting portion, a torsion spring is connected between the parking pawl and the pawl pin, and the torsion spring provides a torque to swing the parking pawl in a direction away from the parking ratchet.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a lock seat block, which is arranged on a side of the push member away from the accommodating groove and fixed to the inner cavity of the reducer. A slide rail that conforms to the push member is formed on the lock seat block, and the push member is slidably arranged on the slide rail.

[0018] Furthermore, a bottom hole is formed on the lock seat block, a middle hole is formed on the parking pawl, and the torsion spring is sleeved on the pawl pin and two ends are respectively connected to the bottom hole and the middle hole.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom hole is located at one end of the lock seat block close to the parking pawl and is arranged close to the pawl pin shaft, and the middle hole is located at one side of the accommodating groove close to the pawl pin shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, a limiting leaf spring is arranged below the shift paddle, the limiting leaf spring is installed in the inner cavity of the reducer housing and includes a leaf spring limiting roller, and the leaf spring limiting roller overlaps the shift paddle.

[0021] Furthermore, the shift paddle has an unlocking gear and a parking gear, and a limiting tooth is arranged between the unlocking gear and the parking gear; when the unlocking gear overlaps with the leaf spring limiting roller, the matching portion matches with the accommodating groove; when the parking gear overlaps with the leaf spring limiting roller, the matching portion is separated from the accommodating groove.

[0022] The present application also discloses an electric vehicle, which comprises the parking system as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a parking system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a parking state of a parking system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an unlocked state of a parking system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] In the figure: 1. DC brushless motor; 2. shift shaft; 3. shift paddle; 4. limit leaf spring; 5. push rod; 6. compression spring; 7. tapered thrust pin; 8. lock seat block; 9. parking pawl; 10. pawl pin shaft; 11. parking ratchet; 12. torsion spring; 13. bottom hole of lock seat block; 14. middle hole of parking pawl; 15. shift paddle unlocking gear; 16. shift paddle parking gear; 17. leaf spring limit roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0029] It will be appreciated that spatial relationship terms such as "under", "beneath", "below", "under", "above", "above", etc., may be used herein to describe the relationship of an element or feature shown in the figures to other elements or features. It will be appreciated that, in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatial relationship terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is flipped, an element or feature described as "under other elements" or "under it" or "under it" will be oriented as "on" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms "under" and "under" may include both upper and lower orientations. In addition, the device may also include additional orientations (e.g., rotated 90° or other orientations), and the spatial descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0030] It should be noted that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or connected to the other element through an intermediate element. The "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection", "communication connection", etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0031] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" etc. specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the present application discloses a parking system for an electric vehicle, which includes a parking ratchet 11, a parking pawl 9, a linkage assembly and a drive assembly.

[0034] The parking ratchet 11 is connected to the intermediate shaft and has a tooth groove formed on the side. Compared with the power input shaft, the intermediate shaft has a lower rotation speed and is easier to lock and unlock.

[0035] The parking pawl 9 is arranged on one side of the parking ratchet 11. In the present application, the parking pawl 9 is arranged above the parking ratchet 11, the left end of which is hinged inside the reducer, and the right end is formed with a limiting portion that cooperates with the tooth groove to limit the position, and a receiving groove is provided on the side of the parking pawl 8 away from the limiting portion.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, the left end of the parking pawl 8 is rotatably connected to the reducer via the pawl pin 10 .

[0037] The limiting portion of the parking pawl 9 is a hook-shaped structure extending downward from the right end. When the hook-shaped structure extends into the tooth groove of the parking ratchet 11 , the parking pawl 9 locks the parking ratchet 11 .

[0038] The linkage assembly includes a push rod 5 and a pushing member, the pushing member is arranged on the side of the parking pawl 9 away from the parking ratchet 11, that is, the pushing member is arranged on the upper side of the parking pawl 9, and the pushing member has a matching portion that matches the accommodating groove; the right end of the push rod 5 is connected to the pushing member, which is used to push the pushing member to separate the matching portion from the accommodating groove or return to the accommodating groove. When the matching portion is separated from the accommodating groove, the matching portion forces the parking pawl 8 to swing in the direction close to the parking ratchet 11. Preferably, a compression spring 6 is connected between the right end of the push rod 5 and the pushing member to form a spring push rod combination structure.

[0039] For example, in an optional embodiment, the pushing member is a tapered thrust pin 7 as a whole, and the mating portion is a conical surface at its lower end, and the accommodating groove is an arc-shaped contour surface, corresponding to the above-mentioned example structure, that is, when the push rod 5 pushes the tapered thrust pin 7 to move so that the conical surface moves out of the accommodating groove, the conical surface contacts the side wall of the accommodating groove, pushing the parking pawl 8 to rotate in a clockwise direction, and the hook-shaped structure at the right end of the parking pawl 8 moves downward and extends into the tooth groove of the parking ratchet 11 to achieve locking; when the push rod 5 pulls the tapered thrust pin 7 back to its original position, the conical surface moves into the accommodating groove, thereby providing space for the parking pawl 8 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction, and the right end of the parking pawl 8 moves upward, so that the hook-shaped structure withdraws from the tooth groove of the parking ratchet 11 to achieve unlocking.

[0040] The driving assembly is connected to the left end of the push rod 5, and the push member is driven to move through the push rod 5.

[0041] Among them, the driving component includes a DC brushless motor 1, a shift shaft 2 and a shift paddle 3; the output end of the DC brushless motor 1 is connected to the shift shaft 2, specifically, the DC brushless motor 1 is connected to the shift shaft 2 by a flat key, driving the shift shaft 2 to rotate synchronously, the upper end of the shift paddle 3 is connected to the shift shaft 2, preferably, the shift shaft 2 and the shift paddle 3 are fixed by a winding pin and are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the lower end of the shift paddle 3 is connected to the left end of the push rod 5.

[0042] Preferably, the shift paddle 3 is vertically arranged relative to the shift shaft 2, and the push rod 5 is vertically arranged relative to the shift paddle 3 and the shift shaft 2, that is, the shift paddle 3 and the shift shaft 2 are vertically crossed to form a plane, and the push rod 5 is perpendicular to the plane. The above-mentioned two-by-two perpendicular arrangement can effectively save layout space and reduce the overall space occupied by the parking system.

[0043] The DC brushless motor 1 rotates counterclockwise and clockwise to link the shift paddle 3 to rotate counterclockwise and clockwise, and the counterclockwise and clockwise rotations of the shift paddle 3 are transmitted to the push rod 5 and the compression spring 6, driving the tapered thrust pin 7 to move rightward and leftward accordingly.

[0044] Preferably, the parking system also includes a lock seat block 8, which is arranged on the upper side of the pusher and fixed to the inner cavity of the reducer. A slide rail is formed on the lower end surface of the lock seat block 8, and the pusher is slidably arranged on the slide rail. Preferably, the slide rail of the lock seat block 8 is designed as a sliding cavity that conforms to the outer contour of the tapered thrust pin 7, so that the tapered thrust pin 7 moves more smoothly, thereby making the parking and unlocking sliding smoother and not easy to slip out.

[0045] A torsion spring 12 is connected between the parking pawl 8 and the pawl pin 10 , and the torsion spring 12 provides a torque force for swinging the parking pawl 8 away from the parking ratchet 11 , that is, the torsion spring 12 forces the right end of the parking pawl 8 to swing upward, thereby away from the parking ratchet 11 .

[0046] Correspondingly, the torsion spring 12 is installed and fixed in the following manner: a bottom hole 13 is formed on the lock seat block 8, a middle hole 14 is formed on the parking pawl 9, the torsion spring 12 is sleeved on the pawl pin 10 and the two ends are respectively connected to the bottom hole 13 and the middle hole 14.

[0047] In order to ensure that the connection of the torsion spring 12 is more stable and not easy to slip, the bottom hole 13 is located at one end of the lock seat block 8 close to the parking pawl 9 and close to the pawl pin 10, and the middle hole 14 is located on one side of the accommodating groove close to the pawl pin 10.

[0048] As a more preferred improvement scheme of this application:

[0049] A limiting leaf spring 4 is arranged below the shift paddle 3 . The limiting leaf spring 4 is installed in the inner cavity of the reducer housing and includes a leaf spring limiting roller 17 . The leaf spring limiting roller 17 overlaps the shift paddle 3 .

[0050] Specifically, the shift paddle 3 has an unlocking gear position 15 and a parking gear position 16, and the unlocking gear position 15 and the parking gear position 16 are two positioning grooves on the side wall of the shift paddle 3, and a limiting tooth is arranged between the unlocking gear position 15 and the parking gear position 16; when the unlocking gear position 15 overlaps with the leaf spring limiting roller 17, the matching portion matches with the accommodating groove; when the parking gear position 16 overlaps with the leaf spring limiting roller 17, the matching portion is separated from the accommodating groove.

[0051] The length of the limit teeth is relatively long, and is used to maintain the precise positioning of the leaf spring limit roller 17 in the unlocking gear 15 and the parking gear 16. For example, when the parking gear 16 is engaged, the limit leaf spring roller 17 slides over the limit teeth and enters the tooth groove of the paddle parking gear 16, preventing the shift paddle 3 from rotating by inertia when the DC brushless motor 1 is not commanded to move, triggering the push rod 5 and the tapered thrust pin 7 to interlock and cause the parking pawl 9 to accidentally disengage from the parking ratchet 11. When the unlocking gear 15 is engaged, the limit leaf spring roller 17 slides over the limit teeth and enters the tooth groove of the paddle unlocking gear 15, preventing the shift paddle 3 from rotating by inertia when the DC brushless motor 1 is not commanded to move, triggering the spring push rod 5 and the tapered thrust pin 7 to interlock and cause the parking pawl 9 to accidentally lock the parking ratchet 11.

[0052] The present application adopts the cooperation of the parking pawl 9 and the parking ratchet 11 to lock the intermediate shaft. Compared with the input shaft, the rotation speed of the intermediate shaft is lower. When the parking pawl 9 and the parking ratchet 11 are engaged and disengaged, it is easier to control the speed of the parking ratchet 11, and the parking lock can be directly performed in the event of the car slipping. The DC brushless motor 1 transmits torque to the shift paddle 3, driving the spring push rod 5 to cooperate, so that the parking pawl 9 rotates, and parking and unlocking are achieved by engaging and disengaging with the parking ratchet 11. The entire system has few parts, the layout structure occupies a small space, and is simple to operate. In the event of parking in an emergency, such as when the controller parking protection logic fails or the brakes fail when the car slides down a slope, this parking system can directly park or unlock without parking failure due to its high-strength mechanical structure.

[0053] In order to better understand the patent concept provided by this application, the specific use process is described below:

[0054] 1. When the driver operates the shift lever to park, the vehicle controller VCU sends instructions to the parking actuator PCU and the DC brushless motor 1 to perform the parking function:

[0055] The brushless DC motor 1 drives the shift shaft 2 to rotate counterclockwise, driving the shift paddle 3 to rotate counterclockwise, and then transmits it to the push rod 5 to compress the spring 6, pushing the conical thrust pin 7 to move forward, and the conical surface of the conical thrust pin 7 squeezes the parking pawl 9 to rotate clockwise around the pawl pin shaft 10, thereby making the contour surface of the hook-shaped structure at the front end of the parking pawl 9 combine with the tooth surface of the parking ratchet 11, until the hook-shaped structure of the parking pawl 9 enters the tooth groove of the parking ratchet 11, thereby realizing the parking function.

[0056] At the same time, after the limit leaf spring roller 17 slides over the limit tooth and enters the tooth groove of the paddle parking gear 16, it prevents the DC brushless parking motor 1 from inerting and rotating the shift paddle 3 when there is no command action, triggering the spring push rod 5 and the tapered thrust pin 7 to move in a chain manner, causing the parking pawl 9 to accidentally disengage from the parking ratchet 11.

[0057] 2. When the driver operates the shift lever to unlock, the vehicle controller VCU sends a command to the parking actuator PCU and the brushless DC parking motor 1 to perform the unlocking function:

[0058] The brushless DC parking motor 1 drives the shift shaft 2 to rotate clockwise, driving the shift paddle 3 to rotate clockwise, and then transmits it to the spring push rod 5, pulling the tapered thrust pin 7 to move backward. The conical surface of the tapered thrust pin 7 no longer squeezes the parking pawl 9. Under the reset action of the torsion spring 12, the parking pawl 9 rotates counterclockwise around the pawl pin shaft 10, thereby separating the hook-shaped contour surface at the front end of the parking pawl 9 from the tooth surface of the parking ratchet 11, so that the parking pawl 9 is completely separated from the parking ratchet 11, realizing the unlocking function.

[0059] At the same time, after the limit leaf spring roller 17 slides over the limit tooth and enters the tooth groove of the paddle unlocking gear 15, it prevents the DC brushless parking motor 1 from inertially moving the shift paddle 3 when there is no command action, triggering the spring push rod 5 and the tapered thrust pin 7 to move in a chain manner, causing the parking pawl 9 to accidentally contact the ratchet parking ratchet 11.

[0060] Based on the same utility model concept, this embodiment also provides an electric vehicle, including a parking system for the electric vehicle as described above.

[0061] Embodiment 2

[0062] The principle and technical solution of this embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, except that:

[0063] Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 When performing the parking operation, the head of the parking pawl 9 does not enter the tooth groove of the parking ratchet 11, but stays on the tooth top of the parking ratchet 11. At this time, the compression spring 6 is within the maximum compression stroke, and the leaf spring limit roller 17 enters the tooth groove of the paddle parking gear 16. At this time, on a straight route, the electric car is in a stable parking state. Once the road has a slope, the car will slide down the slope, and the compression spring will release the compression stroke to push the conical surface of the tapered thrust pin 7 to squeeze the parking pawl 9 to rotate clockwise around the pawl pin shaft 10, thereby making the hook-shaped structure contour surface of the right end of the parking pawl 9 combine with the tooth surface of the parking ratchet 11 until the hook-shaped structure of the parking pawl 9 enters the tooth groove of the parking ratchet 11 to achieve the parking function.

[0064] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parking system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that: include: a parking ratchet wheel connected to the intermediate shaft and having a tooth groove formed on the side surface; A parking pawl is arranged on one side of the parking ratchet wheel, one end of which is hinged inside the reducer, and the other end is formed with a limiting portion that cooperates with the tooth groove to limit the position, and a receiving groove is provided on the side of the parking pawl away from the limiting portion; A linkage assembly, comprising a push rod and a push member, wherein the push member is arranged on a side of the parking pawl away from the parking ratchet, and the push member has a matching portion that matches the receiving groove; one end of the push rod is connected to the push member, and is used to push the push member to separate the matching portion from the receiving groove or return to the receiving groove, and when the matching portion is separated from the receiving groove, the matching portion forces the parking pawl to swing in a direction close to the parking ratchet; A driving assembly is connected to the other end of the push rod and drives the pushing member to move through the push rod.

2. The parking system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a brushless DC motor, a shift shaft and a shift paddle; the output end of the brushless DC motor is connected to the shift shaft, one end of the shift paddle is connected to the shift shaft, and the other end is connected to an end of the push rod away from the pushing member.

3. The parking system for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shift paddle is vertically arranged relative to the shift shaft, and the push rod is vertically arranged relative to the shift paddle and the shift shaft.

4. The parking system for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that: The parking pawl is rotatably connected to the reducer via a pawl pin, the pawl pin is disposed at one end of the parking pawl away from the limiting portion, a torsion spring is connected between the parking pawl and the pawl pin, and the torsion spring provides a torque for swinging the parking pawl in a direction away from the parking ratchet wheel.

5. The parking system for electric vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a lock seat stopper, which is arranged on a side of the pusher away from the accommodating groove and fixed to the inner cavity of the reducer. A slide rail that matches the pusher is formed on the lock seat stopper, and the pusher is slidably arranged on the slide rail.

6. The parking system for electric vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: A bottom hole is formed on the lock seat block, a middle hole is formed on the parking pawl, and the torsion spring is sleeved on the pawl pin and two ends are respectively connected to the bottom hole and the middle hole.

7. The parking system for electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom hole is located at one end of the lock seat block close to the parking pawl and close to the pawl pin shaft, and the middle hole is located at one side of the accommodating groove close to the pawl pin shaft.

8. The parking system for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting leaf spring is arranged below the shift paddle. The limiting leaf spring is installed in the inner cavity of the reducer housing and includes a leaf spring limiting roller. The leaf spring limiting roller overlaps the shift paddle.

9. The parking system for an electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shift paddle has an unlocking gear and a parking gear, and a limiting tooth is arranged between the unlocking gear and the parking gear; when the unlocking gear overlaps with the leaf spring limiting roller, the matching portion matches with the accommodating groove; when the parking gear overlaps with the leaf spring limiting roller, the matching portion is separated from the accommodating groove.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: A parking system comprising any one of claims 1-9.

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