High-capacity battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-capacity battery. The high-capacity battery comprises a gas adsorption unit and a single battery, n is greater than or equal to 2; an inner cavity of the single battery is provided with an electrolyte region and a gas region; the N single batteries are arranged side by side to form a battery string; the gas areas of the single batteries are communicated through the gas communication channels arranged at the tops of the battery strings, so that the problems that the internal pressure of a certain single battery is too high, so that the performance of the high-capacity battery is reduced, and even explosion accidents are possibly caused are solved; and the gas in the gas communication channel can be absorbed through the gas adsorption unit, so that the internal pressure of the high-capacity battery is reduced, and the cycle performance and the safety of the high-capacity battery are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to a large-capacity battery. Background Art

[0002] Common lithium-ion batteries are divided into button batteries, square batteries and cylindrical batteries according to their appearance.

[0003] The electrode components in the square battery are arranged in the order of positive electrode-diaphragm-negative electrode, assembled by lamination or winding process, and then encapsulated in a square aluminum shell.

[0004] With the continuous development of science and technology, the market demand for batteries with high safety and large capacity is getting stronger and stronger. Therefore, how to ensure the safety of batteries while increasing the battery capacity has become a technical hotspot in the battery field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of how to ensure battery safety under the premise of increasing battery capacity, the utility model provides a large-capacity battery.

[0006] The large-capacity battery comprises a gas adsorption unit and a single cell; there are N single cells, N≥2; the inner cavity of the single cell has an electrolyte area and a gas area; the N single cells are arranged side by side to form a battery string; the gas areas of the single cells are connected through a gas connecting channel arranged on the top of the battery string; the gas adsorption unit is arranged in the gas connecting channel, and the gas adsorption unit is used to absorb the gas discharged from each single cell in the gas connecting channel.

[0007] During the operation of the single cells of the large-capacity battery of the utility model, gas will be generated. Due to the existence of the gas connecting channel, the gas pressure in each single cell is the same, which avoids the problem that the internal pressure of a single cell is too high, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the large-capacity battery and even an explosion accident. In addition, since a gas adsorption unit is arranged in the gas connecting channel, the gas in the gas connecting channel can be absorbed by the gas adsorption unit, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the large-capacity battery and further improving the cycle performance and safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0008] Furthermore, the gas adsorption unit comprises a shell and an adsorption medium filled in the shell; the shell is made of a material that does not react with the electrolyte, and the shell has a porous structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the adsorption medium includes four parts, including a hydrogen adsorption part, an oxygen adsorption part, a carbon dioxide gas adsorption part and a drying part.

[0010] In order to further improve the cycle life of large-capacity batteries, the positive terminals of all single cells in the large-capacity battery are connected as the total positive electrode, and the negative terminals of all single cells are connected as the total negative electrode; an electrolyte communication channel is provided at the bottom of the battery string, and the electrolyte communication channel connects the electrolyte areas of each single cell, thereby realizing the sharing of electrolyte of each single cell.

[0011] In order to further improve the safety of large-capacity batteries, an explosion relief portion is provided on the electrolyte communication channel.

[0012] In order to further improve the cycle performance and safety of the large-capacity battery, the large-capacity battery also includes a heat exchange tube; the heat exchange tube is connected to the total positive electrode and the total negative electrode of the large-capacity battery, realizing heat exchange between each single cell and the external temperature control system.

[0013] Furthermore, the large-capacity battery also includes a box body; a gas communication channel is provided on the top of the box body; and the battery string is sealed in the box body.

[0014] Furthermore, a avoidance hole is provided on the top of the box body corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery; each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole, and the top area of ​​the box body corresponding to the avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell;

[0015] The positive terminals of all the single cells are connected as a total positive electrode, and the negative terminals of all the single cells are connected as a total negative electrode; an electrolyte communication channel shared by the electrolyte is provided at the bottom of the box.

[0016] Furthermore, an explosion relief portion is provided on the box body at a position corresponding to the electrolyte communication channel.

[0017] Furthermore, the above-mentioned large-capacity battery also includes a heat exchange tube; the heat exchange tube is connected to the total positive electrode and the total negative electrode of the large-capacity battery, thereby realizing heat exchange between each single cell and the external temperature control system.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0019] The large-capacity battery of the utility model connects the gas areas of each single cell through a gas connecting channel, so that the pressure in each single cell is basically consistent, avoiding the problem of excessive gas pressure in individual single cells in the large-capacity battery, reducing the impact of inconsistent gas pressure on the performance of the large-capacity battery and even the problem of explosion accidents. At the same time, a gas adsorption unit is arranged in the gas connecting channel to adsorb the gas generated during the operation of each single cell, further reducing the problem of performance degradation of the large-capacity battery caused by excessive internal pressure of the large-capacity battery, and the problem of thermal runaway caused by excessive internal pressure of the large-capacity battery; based on the design of the above gas connecting channel and the gas adsorption unit, the cycle performance and safety of the large-capacity battery are greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas adsorption unit;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 2;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 2;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 3;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 4.

[0029] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0030] 1-single cell, 11-shell, 111-top cover, 112-outer shell, 113-positive terminal, 114-negative terminal, 115-bottom cover, 116-air hole, 117-liquid hole, 2-gas communication channel, 3-gas adsorption unit, 31-outer shell, 32-adsorption medium, 321-hydrogen adsorption part, 322-oxygen adsorption part, 323-carbon dioxide gas adsorption part, 324-drying part, 33-porous structure, 4-electrolyte communication channel, 5-box, 6-heat exchange tube, 7-heat exchange tube installation part, 8-explosion venting part, 9-avoidance hole, 10-hollow connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0032] At the same time, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" in the text are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the technical solution. In addition, the terms "first, second or third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "install, connect, connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can also be a connection inside a machine. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Batteries will generate gas during use, and if these gases cannot be discharged in time, the overall performance of the battery will be reduced. For large-capacity batteries, there are two ways to generate gas. One is that as the number of charge and discharge cycles increases during use, the electrolyte continues to slowly generate gas. The characteristics of this gas are that the amount generated is small and the generation time is very long, even throughout the entire service life of the battery.

[0035] There are several main sources of gas generated by batteries during use: First, during the charging process of lithium batteries, the positive electrode material (usually LiCoO2, LiMn2O4) will deoxidize and release some oxygen. The presence of oxygen will increase the temperature of the battery and may cause corrosion of metal parts; second, when the lithium battery is charging, the negative electrode reduces lithium ions to lithium metal and produces hydrogen. The presence of hydrogen may cause explosions or fires; third, during the use of lithium batteries, the internal solution, electrolyte and electrode materials may undergo chemical reactions to produce carbon dioxide. The presence of carbon dioxide may increase the internal pressure of the battery, so the battery structure needs to be designed reasonably to prevent it from exploding.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] This embodiment provides a capacity battery such as Figure 1 As shown, the large-capacity battery includes a gas adsorption unit and N single cells 1; the N single cells 1 are arranged side by side to form a battery string;

[0038] N single cells 1 are connected via a gas communication channel 2 arranged at the top of the battery string; a gas adsorption unit is arranged in the gas communication channel 2 , and the gas adsorption unit is used to absorb the gas discharged from each single cell in the gas communication channel 2 .

[0039] In this embodiment, the gas communication channel 2 can have the following forms:

[0040] 1. It is composed of a hollow tube, which is connected to the gas area in each single cell;

[0041] 2. A gas communication channel is formed by a main pipe and multiple branch pipes, wherein the multiple branch pipes correspond to multiple single cells one by one, one end of the branch pipe is connected to the gas area of ​​the single cell, and the other end is connected to the main pipe.

[0042] Since the gas adsorption unit is arranged in the gas communication channel, at least one of the hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide gases generated in the single cell will be directly absorbed by the gas adsorption unit, reducing or even avoiding the impact of the gas generated in the single cell on the large-capacity battery.

[0043] In this embodiment, the gas adsorption unit 3 includes a shell that allows the generated gas to smoothly enter the shell, and the length of the shell is equivalent to the gas communication channel (that is, the length of the gas adsorption unit is basically the same as the length of the gas communication channel), which can ensure that the gas generated by each single cell can be absorbed by the adsorption medium in a short time.

[0044] In order to prevent the shell of the gas adsorption unit from being continuously corroded by the vaporized electrolyte during long-term use, in this embodiment, the shell is made of materials that are insoluble in the electrolyte, such as polypropylene, polyethylene, perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene film, carbon fiber and other materials.

[0045] The adsorption medium 32 is composed of four parts, including a hydrogen adsorption part 321, an oxygen adsorption part 322, a carbon dioxide adsorption part 323 and a drying part 324. The hydrogen adsorption part, the oxygen adsorption part, the carbon dioxide adsorption part and the drying part can be arranged in a stacked manner, in a core-wound manner, or along the arrangement direction of the single cells.

[0046] Specifically, the hydrogen adsorption part 321 is made of a hydrogen storage alloy; the hydrogen storage alloy includes one of a rare earth hydrogen storage alloy, a magnesium hydrogen storage alloy and a titanium hydrogen storage alloy. The hydrogen storage alloy can adsorb and store hydrogen, has a strong hydrogen storage capacity, and is conducive to improving the hydrogen storage capacity and hydrogen storage stability.

[0047] The oxygen adsorption part 322 can adopt one of metal organic frameworks (MOFs), porous silicon, etc.; porous silicon is a silicon material with both micro-nano structure and pore structure; MOFs has a high specific surface area and adjustable pore size, and the above two substances have a high efficiency in adsorbing oxygen.

[0048] The carbon dioxide gas adsorption unit 323 uses one of molecular sieves, metal organic framework materials (MOFs), activated carbon, carbon molecular sieves, and graphene oxide.

[0049] The drying section 324 is used to adsorb water molecules carried in the gas, and generally uses one of silica gel, molecular sieve, activated carbon, and mineral desiccant.

[0050] The single cell of this embodiment is similar in structure to a square aluminum lithium-ion battery. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the single cell 1 includes a housing 11, an electrode assembly, and a sealing mechanism 12;

[0051] The housing 11 is a component for forming an internal environment of the single cell 1, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly, electrolyte and other components. The housing 11 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped. Specifically, the shape of the housing 11 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly.

[0052] The shell 11 may be in the following two forms:

[0053] 1. The housing 11 includes a top cover 111 and an outer shell 112 with an open top; the top cover 111 is provided with a positive terminal 113 and a negative terminal 114 of a single cell; the top cover 111 is sealed and installed on the outer shell 112 with an open top, and a sealing mechanism is provided on the top cover;

[0054] 2. The housing 1 includes a top cover 111, a bottom cover 115 and an outer shell 112 with both top and bottom openings; the top cover 111 is provided with a positive terminal 113 and a negative terminal 114 of the single cell; the top cover 111 is sealed and installed on the top opening of the outer shell 112, and the bottom cover 115 is sealed and installed on the bottom opening of the outer shell 112.

[0055] The sealing mechanism can be opened under the action of external force or the dissolution of electrolyte, and a pore 116 for connecting the single cell with the gas communication channel is formed on the single cell housing. The sealing mechanism can select the sealing mechanism disclosed in Chinese patent, publication number CN219457981U, or the sealing mechanism disclosed in Chinese patent, publication number CN117810623A.

[0056] The electrode assembly is the part where the electrochemical reaction occurs in the single cell. The housing may contain one or more electrode assemblies. The electrode assembly is also provided with tabs. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte. The electrode assembly is made of multiple layers of pole sheets by winding or laminating, and each layer of pole sheets includes a positive electrode sheet, a diaphragm and a negative electrode sheet.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] The structure of the large-capacity battery of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the positive terminals of all single cells 1 are connected as a total positive electrode, and the negative terminals of all single cells 1 are connected as a total negative electrode; an electrolyte communication channel 4 is arranged at the bottom of the battery string, and the electrolyte communication channel 4 connects the electrolyte areas of each single cell 1, thereby realizing the sharing of electrolyte of each single cell 1.

[0059] Each single cell 1 in the large-capacity battery is not only in a uniform air pressure environment, but also in a uniform electrolyte system, so that the electrolyte consumption of each single cell 1 can always remain basically consistent, ensuring that the electrolyte consumption of each single cell 1 remains consistent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0060] In this embodiment, the structure of the single cell is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that: the bottom of the shell of the single cell is provided with a sealing mechanism which is the same as the top cover of the single cell in Example 1, and the sealing mechanism can be opened under the action of external force or the dissolution of the electrolyte, and then a liquid hole 117 is formed on the shell of the single cell for connecting the single cell with the electrolyte communication channel.

[0061] In this embodiment, the electrolyte communication channel 4 can have the following forms:

[0062] 1. It is composed of a hollow tube, which is connected to the electrolyte area in each single cell;

[0063] 2. A gas communication channel is formed by a main pipe and multiple branch pipes, wherein the multiple branch pipes correspond to multiple single cells one by one, one end of the branch pipe is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the single cell, and the other end is connected to the main pipe.

[0064] When a single cell in a large-capacity battery experiences thermal runaway, in order to avoid the problem of the large-capacity battery exploding due to excessive internal pressure, in this embodiment, an explosion relief portion 8 is provided on the electrolyte communication channel 4, thereby further improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] like Figure 3As shown, this embodiment discloses a large-capacity battery, including a box 5, a single battery 1 and a gas adsorption unit 3;

[0067] There are multiple single cells 1; the multiple single cells 1 are arranged side by side in the box 5, and the inner cavity of the single cell 1 has an electrolyte area and a gas area;

[0068] In the large-capacity battery structure, the gas communication channel can have the following two forms:

[0069] 1. The gap between the top inner surface of the box body 5 and the top of each single battery is used as a gas communication channel, and the gas adsorption unit is fixed to the top inner surface of the box body.

[0070] 2. The top of the box body 5 is provided with a portion protruding outwards, and the protruding portion can be used as a gas communication channel 2. The gas adsorption unit is fixed in the protruding portion at the top of the box body.

[0071] The structure of the single cell used in this embodiment is consistent with the structure of the single cell in Embodiment 1.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a large-capacity battery, which includes a box 5, a single battery 1 and a gas adsorption unit 3;

[0074] The top plate of the box body 5 is provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single battery 1; the polarity terminals of each single battery 1 extend out of the avoidance holes 9, and the top plate area of ​​the box body 5 corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery 1;

[0075] The positive terminals of all the single cells 1 are connected as a total positive electrode, and the negative terminals of all the single cells 1 are connected as a total negative electrode;

[0076] There are three types of boxes for large-capacity batteries:

[0077] 1. The box body 5 includes a cylinder, a first cover plate, and a second cover plate; the top and bottom of the cylinder are both open, the first cover plate is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the cylinder, and the second cover plate is sealed and fixed (welded) to the bottom of the cylinder;

[0078] The first cover plate is provided with a plurality of avoidance holes for the extension of the polarity terminals of a plurality of single cells, the first cover plate is integrally formed with a portion protruding outward as a gas connecting channel 2, the gas adsorption unit is fixed in the protruding portion on the top of the box body, and the second cover plate is integrally formed with a groove as an electrolyte connecting channel 4.

[0079] 2. The box body 5 includes a U-shaped shell, a first cover plate, a third cover plate and a fourth cover plate; the top, front and rear of the U-shaped shell are all open, the first cover plate is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the U-shaped shell, and the third cover plate and the fourth cover plate are sealed and fixed (welded) to the front and rear of the U-shaped shell respectively.

[0080] The first cover plate is provided with a plurality of avoidance holes for the extension of the polarity terminals of a plurality of single cells, and an outwardly protruding portion is integrally formed on the first cover plate as a gas connecting channel 2, the gas adsorption unit is fixed in the protruding portion on the top of the box body, and a groove as an electrolyte connecting channel 4 is integrally formed on the bottom of the U-shaped shell.

[0081] 3. The box body 5 includes a cylinder, a third cover plate, and a fourth cover plate; the front and rear of the cylinder are open, the third cover plate is sealed and fixed (welded) to the front of the cylinder, and the fourth cover plate is sealed and fixed (welded) to the rear of the cylinder;

[0082] The top of the cylinder is provided with a plurality of avoidance holes for the extension of the polarity terminals of a plurality of single cells, the top of the cylinder is integrally formed with an outwardly protruding portion as a gas communication channel 2, and the bottom of the cylinder is integrally formed with a groove as an electrolyte communication channel 4.

[0083] In order to ensure the sealing of the box, the box 5 area corresponding to the avoidance hole 9 needs to be fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery 1; the fixed sealing at this location can be adopted in the following three ways:

[0084] Method 1: The edge of the avoidance hole 9 can be welded to the top cover of the single cell 1 to achieve sealing; however, if the dimensions of each single cell along the height direction are not completely equal, some single cell top covers with smaller height dimensions may have problems with poor welding or even be unable to be welded to the top of the box body, and the following method 2 or method 3 can be used.

[0085] Method 2: A weak portion is provided in the peripheral area of ​​the avoidance hole 9. During the welding process, the size difference in the height direction of the top of each single battery shell is compensated by the deformation of the weak portion, so that the polarity terminals of all single batteries extend out of the avoidance hole. The weak portion in this embodiment can be an annular groove opened along the peripheral area of ​​the avoidance hole 9 with the center of the avoidance hole 9 as the center point. In other embodiments, the weak portion can also be a long strip groove opened in the peripheral area of ​​the avoidance hole. In other embodiments, if there is a similar problem, that is, all the polarity terminals of the single batteries cannot be fully extended out of the avoidance hole at the same time, the solution can be adopted to add a weak portion in the peripheral area of ​​the avoidance hole.

[0086] Method 3: If Figure 8As shown, a hollow connector 10 is added between the avoidance hole 9 and the polarity terminal; the bottom of the hollow connector 10 is used to be sealed and connected to the first area of ​​the single cell 1, and the top of the hollow connector 10 is sealed and connected to the second area of ​​the box body 5; the first area is the area around any polarity terminal in any single cell; the second area is the area corresponding to any avoidance hole on the box body. The area corresponding to the avoidance hole is the surrounding area on the outer surface of the top of the box body corresponding to any avoidance hole; or the area corresponding to the avoidance hole is the wall of the avoidance hole. Among them, the area around the avoidance hole is the area around the insulating sealing pad on the avoidance hole. The insulating sealing pad is a part on the single cell used to insulate the avoidance hole and the top cover.

[0087] Example 5

[0088] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of embodiments 1 to 4, and a heat exchange tube 6 is added to the large-capacity battery;

[0089] A heat exchange tube mounting portion 7 is provided on the positive terminal 113 and the negative terminal 114 of each single cell; the heat exchange tube 6 cooperates with the heat exchange tube mounting portion 7 on the positive terminal 113 and the negative terminal 114 of each single cell to transfer the temperature of the electrode assembly in each single cell 1 from the polarity terminal to the external temperature control device, thereby reducing the problem of overheating of the electrode assembly affecting the performance of large-capacity batteries. More importantly, direct temperature control of each electrode assembly reduces the probability of thermal runaway, thereby improving safety.

[0090] Specifically, the heat exchange tube mounting portion 7 in the present invention has two forms:

[0091] Method 1: The through holes are opened on the positive terminal 113 and the negative terminal 114. The diameter of the through holes needs to ensure that the heat exchange tube is tightly clamped therein to ensure installation stability while ensuring the heat transfer effect between the heat exchange tube and the polarity terminal.

[0092] Method 2: grooves are opened on the top or side walls of the positive terminal 113 and the negative terminal 114; the width of the grooves needs to ensure that the heat exchange tubes are tightly clamped therein to ensure installation stability while ensuring the heat transfer effect between the heat exchange tubes and the poles.

[0093] Since the positive terminal 113 and the negative terminal 114 of the single cell are charged, in order to ensure safety, the heat exchange tube and the positive terminal 113 and the negative terminal 114 of the single cell must be insulated. The insulation can be maintained by oxidizing the heat exchange tube or providing an insulating layer in the area where the heat exchange tube contacts the polarity terminals.

[0094] Specifically, the heat exchange tube 6 can be provided in the following ways:

[0095] 1. An aluminum tube is bent into a U-shaped structure, and two parallel tube sections are used to cooperate with the total positive electrode and the total negative electrode respectively, so as to realize the heat exchange between each single battery and the external temperature control device, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the aluminum tube are located on the same side; the transmission medium in the aluminum tube can be water, insulating oil or fluorinated liquid; or two aluminum tubes can be used to cooperate with the total positive electrode and the total negative electrode respectively.

[0096] 2. Two cored heat pipes are used to cooperate with the total positive electrode and the total negative electrode respectively, so as to realize the heat exchange between each single battery and the external temperature control device. The cored heat pipe is an evaporation-condensation type heat exchange equipment, which realizes heat transmission by the state change of the working fluid in the pipe.

[0097] Since the heat transfer effect of the cored heat pipe is affected by the length of the cored heat pipe, when the number of single cells in a large-capacity battery is large (i.e., the length of the large-capacity battery is long), the use of the cored heat pipe will be limited. Therefore, in this embodiment, aluminum tubes are preferably selected as heat exchange tubes. If the insulation between the heat exchange tubes and the polarity terminals can be effectively ensured, water can be preferably used as the heat transfer medium flowing in the aluminum tube from the aspects of heat transfer efficiency and cost.

Claims

1. A large capacity battery, characterized in that: It comprises a gas adsorption unit and a single cell; the single cell is N, N≥2; the inner cavity of the single cell has an electrolyte area and a gas area; the N single cells are arranged side by side to form a battery string; The gas areas of each single cell are connected through a gas communication channel arranged at the top of the battery string; The gas adsorption unit is arranged in the gas communication channel, and is used for absorbing the gas discharged from each single cell in the gas communication channel.

2. A large-capacity battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas adsorption unit comprises a shell and an adsorption medium filled in the shell; the length of the shell is equivalent to the length of the gas communication channel, the shell is made of a material that does not react with the electrolyte, and the shell has a porous structure.

3. A large capacity battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorption medium is composed of four parts, including a hydrogen adsorption part, an oxygen adsorption part, a carbon dioxide gas adsorption part and a drying part.

4. A large capacity battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The positive terminals of all single cells are connected as a total positive electrode, and the negative terminals of all single cells are connected as a total negative electrode; an electrolyte communication channel is provided at the bottom of the battery string, and the electrolyte communication channel connects the electrolyte areas of each single cell, thereby realizing the sharing of electrolyte of each single cell.

5. A large capacity battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: An explosion relief portion is provided on the electrolyte communication channel.

6. A large capacity battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a heat exchange tube; the heat exchange tube is connected to the polarity terminal of each single battery, so as to realize the heat exchange between each single battery and the external temperature control system.

7. A large capacity battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a box body; a gas communication channel is provided on the top of the box body; and the battery string is sealed and arranged in the box body.

8. A large capacity battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: A avoidance hole is provided on the top of the box body corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery; each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole, and the top area of ​​the box body corresponding to the avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell; The positive terminals of all the single cells are connected as a total positive electrode, and the negative terminals of all the single cells are connected as a total negative electrode; an electrolyte communication channel shared by the electrolyte is provided at the bottom of the box.

9. A large capacity battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: An explosion relief portion is arranged on the box body at a position corresponding to the electrolyte communication channel.

10. A large capacity battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes heat exchange tubes; the heat exchange tubes are connected to the total positive electrode and the total negative electrode of the large-capacity battery, thereby realizing heat exchange between each single battery and the external temperature control system.

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