Energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides energy storage equipment, which mainly solves the problem that a battery module in the existing energy storage equipment has potential safety hazards. The energy storage device comprises a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster. The battery cluster comprises at least one battery module; the battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries arranged in the shell along the same direction; a shared chamber is arranged in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of all the single batteries; the temperature control system comprises a heat exchange unit, a heat conveying unit and a heat treatment unit; the heat exchange unit is used for realizing heat exchange with each battery module; the heat conveying unit is used for conveying a heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit and the heat treatment unit; and the heat treatment unit is used for heating or cooling the heat transfer medium conveyed by the heat conveying unit. The temperature control system controls the temperature when the battery module works, so that potential safety hazards of the battery module are avoided, and the use safety of the battery module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of energy storage batteries, and specifically relates to energy storage equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy, energy storage technology has also developed. Lithium batteries have gradually become the mainstream product for energy storage due to their advantages such as high energy, long service life, high rated voltage, high power tolerance and low self-discharge rate.

[0003] With the large-scale application of lithium battery energy storage equipment, the safe use of lithium-ion batteries has also attracted attention. Due to the high concentration of single cells in the battery module, a large amount of heat will be generated during the charging and discharging process, and this heat will gradually accumulate, causing uneven battery temperature. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the battery is destroyed, which in turn causes thermal runaway of the battery, posing certain safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of potential safety hazards in battery modules in existing energy storage devices, the utility model provides an energy storage device.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0006] An energy storage device comprises a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster; the battery cluster comprises at least one battery module; the battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of single cells arranged in the shell in the same direction; a shared chamber is arranged in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected with the inner cavities of all single cells; avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell; the temperature control system comprises a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit and a heat treatment unit; the heat exchange unit is used to realize heat exchange with each battery module; the heat transfer unit is used to realize the transfer of heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit and the heat treatment unit; the heat treatment unit is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat transfer medium transported by the heat transfer unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the heat exchange unit includes at least one heat transfer tube, and a clamping portion is provided at the position where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole, and each heat transfer tube is fixed on the clamping portion of each single cell polarity terminal in a one-to-one correspondence, and the heat transfer tube is insulated from each single cell polarity terminal; the clamping portion is a through groove or through hole opened at the position where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the heat transfer tube is a metal tube, and the metal tube has at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the polarity terminals of all the single cells on one side serve as the first polarity terminals of the battery module, and the polarity terminals of all the single cells on the other side serve as the second polarity terminals of the battery module; the heat transfer tube comprises a first tube, a second tube and a connecting tube; the first tube is fixed on the clamping portion of the first polarity terminal of the battery module; the second tube is fixed on the clamping portion of the second polarity terminal of the battery module; and both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube on the same side.

[0010] Furthermore, the first tube and the second tube are metal tubes, the metal tubes have at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve, and the connecting tube is an insulating hose.

[0011] Further, the port of the first tube is the liquid inlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the first polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal, the port of the second tube is the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the second polarity terminal is a negative polarity terminal.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping portion is a through groove, and a pressing plate is also provided on the top of the heat transfer tube, and the pressing plate includes a pressing portion and a fixing portion; the pressing portion has an arc surface, and the arc surface is used to cooperate with the through groove of the polarity terminal to press the heat transfer tube into the through groove; the fixing portion is arranged on both sides of the pressing portion, connected to the polarity terminals of each single battery, and is used to realize parallel connection of multiple single batteries, and is also used to fix the pressing portion on the polarity terminal, and an insulating pad is also provided between the pressing plate and the heat transfer tube.

[0013] Furthermore, an insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the shell, the pressing plate and the heat transfer tube are buried in the insulating sealant layer, and the liquid inlet and outlet ports of the heat transfer tube extend out of the insulating sealant layer.

[0014] Furthermore, an insulating protective cover is provided on the top of the shell, and polarity terminals of each single battery are located inside the insulating protective cover.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of battery modules are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction to form a battery module unit, and a plurality of battery module units are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction to form a battery cluster; the heat transfer unit includes a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly and a liquid return pipeline assembly; the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used to transport the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit; in each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly is used to divert the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly to a plurality of battery modules; the liquid return pipeline assembly is used to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with a plurality of battery modules to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly; the liquid inlet pipeline assembly includes a primary liquid inlet pipe, a secondary liquid inlet pipe, and a secondary liquid inlet pipe. pipe and a tertiary liquid inlet pipe; the liquid inlet of the primary liquid inlet pipe is used to connect with the liquid supply pipeline assembly; multiple secondary liquid inlet pipes are connected with the primary liquid inlet pipe, and the multiple secondary liquid inlet pipes shunt the heat transfer medium in the primary liquid inlet pipe to multiple battery module units; multiple tertiary liquid inlet pipes are connected with the secondary liquid inlet pipe, and the multiple tertiary liquid inlet pipes shunt the heat transfer medium in the secondary liquid inlet pipe to multiple battery modules; the return liquid pipeline assembly includes a primary liquid outlet pipe, a secondary liquid outlet pipe and a tertiary liquid outlet pipe; multiple tertiary liquid outlet pipes are connected with the secondary liquid outlet pipe, and are used to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with the battery module into the secondary liquid outlet pipe, each secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected with the primary liquid outlet pipe, and gathers the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with multiple battery module units into the primary liquid outlet pipe, and the primary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, there are multiple battery clusters arranged in a matrix, and the liquid supply pipeline assembly includes a primary shunt pipe, a secondary shunt pipe and a tertiary shunt pipe; the inlet of the primary shunt pipe is used to connect to the heat treatment unit; the secondary shunt pipe is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the primary shunt pipe to different columns or rows of battery clusters, and the tertiary shunt pipe is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the secondary shunt pipe to multiple battery clusters in the same column or row; the liquid outlet pipeline assembly includes a primary confluence pipe, a secondary confluence pipe and a tertiary confluence pipe; the tertiary confluence pipe is used to converge the heat transfer medium of multiple battery clusters in the same column or row into the secondary confluence pipe; the secondary shunt pipe is used to converge the heat transfer medium of different columns or rows of battery clusters into the primary confluence pipe; the outlet of the primary confluence pipe is used to connect to the heat treatment unit.

[0017] Furthermore, at least part of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly, and the liquid return pipeline assembly is provided with an insulation layer, and at the same time, the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe are formed by splicing multiple sections of pipelines.

[0018] Furthermore, a water supply joint is provided on the first-level branch pipe for replenishing heat transfer medium to the temperature control system, and an exhaust valve is provided on the first-level converging pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe by a quick-connect connector and a hose. Meanwhile, in the battery clusters in the same row, the primary liquid outlet pipes of adjacent battery clusters are one pipeline.

[0020] Furthermore, the heat treatment unit includes a temperature controller, a liquid inlet of the temperature controller is connected to a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, and a liquid outlet of the temperature controller is connected to a liquid supply pipeline assembly, and the temperature controller is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat transfer medium.

[0021] Furthermore, the heat treatment unit also includes a radiator and a control valve; the control valve is used to control whether the heat transfer medium enters the radiator, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the radiator are both connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly to dissipate heat for the heat transfer medium.

[0022] Furthermore, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the temperature controller are provided with blocking joints, and the blocking joints can block the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller.

[0023] Furthermore, the shared chamber includes at least one of an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is a liquid channel located between the bottom plate of the outer shell and each single cell, and the liquid channel is connected to the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell; the gas shared chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the outer shell and each single cell, and the gas channel is connected to the gas area in the inner cavity of each single cell.

[0024] Furthermore, the shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber. The electrolyte shared chamber is a liquid channel located between the bottom plate of the outer shell and each single cell, and the liquid channel is connected to the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell; the gas shared chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the outer shell and each single cell, and the gas channel covers the explosion venting part of each single cell. When the explosion venting part of any single cell is broken by the thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity, the gas area and gas channel of the single cell are connected.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the battery module places multiple single cells in a shell with a shared chamber, and uses the shared chamber to connect with the inner cavities of each single cell in the shell, which reduces the differences between the single cells and improves the consistency between the single cells to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery module to a certain extent. At the same time, the energy storage device has a temperature control system, which controls the temperature of the battery module during operation to avoid safety hazards of the battery module and improve the safety of the battery module.

[0027] 2. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the heat exchange unit is a heat transfer tube, which exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of each single battery. The heat transfer tube transfers the heat of the polarity terminals where the heat in the battery module is most concentrated to the outside for processing, so as to ensure that the battery module operates within the optimal temperature range. At the same time, the heat transfer tube is arranged in the through groove or through hole of the polarity terminal, and is in direct contact with the polarity terminals of each battery module, so that the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal have a larger contact area, further improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0028] 3. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the insulation between the heat transfer tube and each battery module is achieved by providing an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve on the heat transfer tube. This insulation method is not only easy to implement, but also can maintain reliable insulation performance when the heat transfer tube and the battery module are exchanging heat, thereby improving the safety of the heat transfer tube and the battery module during use.

[0029] 4. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the heat transfer pipe is a spliced ​​pipe structure of a first pipe, a second pipe and a connecting pipe, and this spliced ​​pipe structure is easy to install. At the same time, the connecting pipe in this spliced ​​pipe can be an insulating hose, which improves the installability of the heat transfer pipe on the battery module, and also improves the insulation of the positive and negative terminals of the battery module, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery module.

[0030] 5. In the energy storage device of the utility model, when the battery module is working, the temperature of the positive terminal is higher than the temperature of the negative terminal. At this time, the port of the first tube is used as the liquid inlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the port of the second tube is used as the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer tube. The first tube of the heat transfer tube is connected to the positive terminal of the battery module, and the second tube is connected to the negative terminal of the battery module. The heat transfer medium in the heat transfer tube first exchanges heat with the positive terminal with a higher temperature, and then exchanges heat with the negative terminal, so that the temperatures of the positive terminal and the negative terminal are relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the battery module when working.

[0031] 6. In the energy storage device of the utility model, a pressure plate is also provided on the top of the heat transfer tube, and the pressure plate is connected to the polarity terminal of each single battery, so as to realize reliable parallel connection between each single battery. At the same time, the pressure plate cooperates with the polarity terminal to press the heat transfer tube into the through groove of the polarity terminal, so that the heat transfer tube and the through groove of the polarity terminal are in close contact, and there is almost no heat conduction gap between the two, which improves the heat exchange effect between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal. In addition, there is an insulating pad between the pressure plate and the heat transfer tube, which further ensures the insulation between the metal tube and the pressure plate.

[0032] 7. In the energy storage device of the utility model, an insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the outer shell of the battery module. When condensation occurs on the surface of the heat transfer tube on the polarity terminal, the condensation cannot penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal and the avoidance hole due to the blocking of the insulating sealant layer, thereby preventing the battery module from short-circuiting.

[0033] 8. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the battery module uses an insulating protective cover to provide insulation protection for the polarity terminals, avoiding the potential safety hazards of the polarity terminals being exposed during the operation of the battery module, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign objects in the external environment falling into the polarity terminal position causing a short circuit in the battery module, thereby improving the safety of the battery module.

[0034] 9. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the liquid supply pipeline assembly is divided step by step and evenly distributed to each battery module, and the heat transfer medium flow allocated to each battery module is balanced, so that each battery module in the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of each battery module.

[0035] 10. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the liquid supply pipeline assembly and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat treatment unit is divided step by step and evenly distributed to each battery cluster, and the heat transfer medium flow allocated to each battery cluster is balanced, so that each battery cluster and each battery module in the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage device.

[0036] 11. In the energy storage device of the utility model, at least part of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly, and the liquid return pipeline assembly is provided with an insulation layer, which can effectively prevent the loss of cold or heat of the heat transfer medium and reduce energy consumption, and can also avoid condensation on the pipe wall of each pipeline. At the same time, the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe are formed by splicing multiple sections of pipelines. This spliced ​​pipeline reduces the error and assembly difficulty when connecting the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe. At the same time, during subsequent maintenance of this spliced ​​pipeline, it is only necessary to remove the pipeline connector of the relevant battery module for maintenance, without removing the entire temperature control pipeline assembly, which is very convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0037] 12. In the energy storage device of the utility model, a water supply joint is provided on the first-level shunt pipe for replenishing the heat transfer medium to the temperature control system, and an exhaust valve is provided on the first-level confluence pipe for exhausting the air in the temperature control system. The water supply joint and the exhaust valve work together to enable the temperature control system to efficiently achieve temperature control of each battery module, thereby improving the temperature control effect of the temperature control system.

[0038] 13. In the energy storage device of the utility model, in the battery clusters in the same row, the primary liquid outlet pipes of adjacent battery clusters are one pipeline. This arrangement can reduce the number of pipelines and facilitate pipeline layout; at the same time, the secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe by a quick-connect connector and a hose, which reduces the installation error during pipeline connection, reduces the on-site installation requirements, and further increases the convenience of pipeline installation.

[0039] 14. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the heat processing unit controls the temperature of the battery module through a combination of a temperature controller and a radiator. When the temperature is not extreme, the radiator is used to cool the battery module using the ambient temperature. In extreme cases, when the temperature is too high or too low, the temperature controller is started for heating or cooling. This can maximize the use of the ambient temperature and reduce the energy consumption of temperature control.

[0040] 15. In the energy storage device of the utility model, blocking joints are provided on the liquid inlet and outlet of the temperature controller. When the temperature controller is repaired, the blocking joints can prevent the outflow of the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller without the need for corresponding drainage operations, thereby improving the convenience and reliability of maintenance.

[0041] 16. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the shared chamber includes at least one of an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is a liquid channel located on the bottom plate of the shell, and the liquid channel is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each monomer battery. By using the electrolyte shared chamber and the electrolyte area of ​​each monomer battery located in the shell, the electrolyte of each monomer battery is shared to ensure the consistency of each monomer battery, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery module to a certain extent. The gas shared chamber is a gas channel located on the top plate of the shell, and the gas channel is connected to the gas area of ​​each monomer battery. By using the gas shared chamber and the gas area of ​​each monomer battery located in the shell, the gas of each monomer battery is balanced, which improves the consistency between each monomer battery to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery module to a certain extent.

[0042] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0044] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the energy storage device in Example 1 Figure 1 ;

[0045] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the energy storage device in Example 1 Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module (polarity terminals are poles) in Example 1;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module in Example 1 (part of the housing is omitted);

[0048] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module in Example 1 (the polarity terminals are poles and pole adapters);

[0049] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a heat transport unit and a heat treatment unit in the embodiment 1;

[0050] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly in Example 1;

[0051] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the battery module and the heat transfer unit in Example 1;

[0052] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the liquid supply pipeline assembly and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly in Example 1;

[0053] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blocking connector in Example 1;

[0054] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module structure in Example 2;

[0055] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure plate in Example 2;

[0056] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a battery module in Example 2;

[0057] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module in Example 3;

[0058] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of a heat treatment unit in Example 4;

[0059] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the heat transfer medium flow in Example 4 Figure 1 ;

[0060] Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the heat transfer medium flow in Example 4 Figure 2 .

[0061] Figure numerals: 1-battery module, 2-heat exchange unit, 3-heat transfer unit, 4-heat processing unit, 5-energy storage box, 11-housing, 12-single battery, 13-polarity terminal, 14-insulating protective cover, 15-insulating sealant layer, 16-pressing plate, 17-electrical connector, 18-insulating pad, 131-clamping part, 111-electrolyte sharing chamber, 112-gas sharing chamber, 161-pressing part, 162-fixing part, 163-connecting hole, 21-heat transfer pipe, 211-first pipe, 212-second pipe, 213-connecting pipe, 22-insulating layer, 23-insulating sleeve, 31-liquid inlet pipeline assembly, 32-liquid return pipeline Assembly, 33-liquid supply pipeline assembly, 34-liquid outlet pipeline assembly, 35-hose, 36-quick plug connector, 311-first-level liquid inlet pipe, 312-second-level liquid inlet pipe, 313-third-level liquid inlet pipe, 321-first-level liquid outlet pipe, 322-second-level liquid outlet pipe, 323-third-level liquid outlet pipe, 331-first-level shunt pipe, 332-second-level shunt pipe, 333-third-level shunt pipe, 341-first-level confluence pipe, 342-second-level confluence pipe, 343-third-level confluence pipe, 41-temperature controller, 42-radiator, 43-control valve, 44-blocking joint, 441-joint end pipe, 442-regulating valve, 443-welding chuck, 51-battery compartment, 52-equipment compartment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0063] The "other embodiments" that appear in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selective embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0064] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate, or the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0065] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage device provided in this embodiment includes a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster, each battery cluster includes at least one battery module 1; the number of battery modules 1 in the battery cluster is set according to the needs of the energy storage device, and multiple battery modules 1 are arranged in series and parallel to meet the charging and discharging needs. In order to improve the energy density, the above-mentioned battery module 1 can be arranged in the following manner: multiple battery modules 1 are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction to form a battery module unit, and then multiple battery module units are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction to form a battery cluster. If the energy storage device includes multiple battery clusters, the multiple battery clusters can be arranged in a matrix. The temperature control system is mainly used to control the temperature of the battery modules in each battery cluster during operation, so that each battery module 1 operates within a suitable temperature range, and thermal runaway of the battery module 1 is avoided as much as possible, which may cause safety hazards.

[0068] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the battery module 1 in this embodiment includes a housing 11 and a plurality of single cells 12, and the plurality of single cells 12 are arranged in the same direction and placed in the housing 11. The housing 11 is provided with a shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all single cells 12. The single cells 12 in this embodiment are square shell batteries, and the number can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single cell 12 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0069] like Figure 4As shown, after a plurality of single cells 12 are arranged in the same direction and placed in the outer shell 11, avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the outer shell 11 corresponding to the polarity terminals 13 of each single cell 12, and the polarity terminals 13 of each single cell 12 extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes as the polarity terminals of the battery module 1 (the polarity terminals 13 of all single cells 12 on one side serve as the positive polarity terminals of the battery module 1, and the polarity terminals 13 of all single cells 12 on the other side serve as the negative polarity terminals of the battery module 1), and the top plate area of ​​the outer shell 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell 12, so that the gap between the polarity terminals 13 and the avoidance holes is sealed.

[0070] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 13 of the single cell 12 here can be a pole of the single cell 12, such as Figure 3 In order to prevent the pole of the single battery 12 from being able to smoothly extend out of the avoidance hole as the polarity terminal 13, a pole adapter can be connected to the pole of the single battery 12, and the overall structure of the pole of the single battery 12 and the pole adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12, as shown. Figure 5 shown.

[0071] The shared chamber in the above-mentioned shell 11 can be an electrolyte shared chamber 111. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is connected to the inner electrolyte area of ​​all the single cells 12. Through the electrolyte shared chamber 111, each single cell 12 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell 12 and improving the performance and charge and discharge cycle life of the battery module 1.

[0072] The above-mentioned shared chamber can be a gas sharing chamber 112. The inner cavity of the gas sharing chamber 112 is connected to the inner gas areas of all single cells 12. The gas balance of each single cell 12 is achieved through the gas sharing chamber 112, which can also improve the performance and charge and discharge cycle life of the battery module 1.

[0073] The above-mentioned shared chamber can be a gas-liquid shared chamber, the inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​the inner cavity of all the single cells 12, and each single cell 12 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment through a gas-liquid shared chamber, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the battery module 1. A protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single cells 12 is provided on the side wall of the shell, and a gas-liquid shared chamber is formed at the protrusion, which is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​each single cell.

[0074] The above-mentioned shared chamber may also include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavities of all the single cells 12, and the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 is connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavities of all the single cells 12. The above-mentioned battery module 1 places multiple single cells 12 inside a shell 11 with a shared chamber, and uses the shared chamber and the inner cavities of each single cell 12 located in the shell 11 to communicate with each other, so that the electrolyte and gas of each single cell 12 are shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell 12, that is, the electrolyte and gas of each single cell 12 are connected, so that the electrolyte and gas of all single cells 12 are in the same system, which reduces the difference between each single cell 12, improves the consistency between each single cell 12 to a certain extent, and thus improves the cycle life of the battery module 1 to a certain extent.

[0075] The above-mentioned shared chamber may also include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavities of all the single cells 12, and the gas shared chamber 112 is a gas channel located between the top plate of the shell and each single cell, and the gas channel covers the explosion venting part of each single cell 12. When the explosion venting part of any single cell 12 is broken by the internal thermal runaway smoke, the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of the single cell is connected to the inner cavity of the gas chamber.

[0076] At this time, the housing 11 provided with the gas sharing chamber 112 and the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 may specifically adopt the following structure:

[0077] 1) The outer shell includes an outer cylinder, an upper cover, and a lower cover; the top and bottom of the outer cylinder are open, the upper cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the top of the outer cylinder, and a evacuation hole is provided on the upper cover to allow each single battery pole to extend out, and the lower cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the bottom of the outer cylinder. At the same time, the upper cover is provided with a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single battery, and a gas sharing chamber is formed at the protrusion. The lower cover is provided with a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single battery, and an electrolyte sharing chamber is formed at the protrusion.

[0078] 2) The housing includes a U-shaped housing, a first cover plate, a third cover plate and a second cover plate; the first cover plate and the third cover plate respectively cover the two opposite open ends of the U-shaped housing; the second cover plate covers the open end at the top of the U-shaped housing and is sealed and connected to the open end, and a evacuation hole is provided on the second cover plate to allow each single cell pole to extend out, and at the same time, a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single cells is provided on the second cover plate, and a gas sharing chamber is formed at the protrusion portion, and an electrolyte sharing chamber is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped housing, and the electrolyte sharing chamber is a liquid channel provided between the bottom plate of the housing and each single cell;

[0079] 3) If Figure 4As shown, the housing 11 includes an outer cylinder, a front cover, and a rear cover; the front and rear of the outer cylinder are open, the front cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the front of the outer cylinder, and the rear cover is sealed and fixed (welded) to the rear of the outer cylinder. Figure 4 The top of the outer cylinder is provided with a evacuation hole for allowing the poles of each single battery 12 to extend out, the top of the outer cylinder is provided with a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single battery 12, a gas sharing chamber 112 is formed at the protrusion, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 111, which is a liquid channel arranged between the bottom plate of the outer cylinder and the bottom of each single battery 12.

[0080] The bottom of the housing 11 is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 111, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell 12. It should be noted that the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 is an electrolyte containing chamber, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell 12 to ensure that the electrolyte in the entire battery module does not contact the external environment.

[0081] A gas sharing chamber 112 is provided on the top of the housing, and the gas sharing chamber 112 covers the gas ports on the tops of the individual cells 12 in the battery module. The gas ports here include the following two meanings:

[0082] 1) The gas port is a through hole directly opened on the upper cover plate of the single cell 12 and penetrating the inner cavity of the single cell 12; at this time, the inner cavity of the gas sharing chamber 112 is connected with the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell 12 through the gas port. The gas sharing chamber 112 serves as the gas sharing chamber of each single cell 12. Based on the gas sharing chamber 112, the gas areas of each single cell 12 can be connected to achieve gas balance, so that the gas of each single cell 12 is shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell 12, which improves the cycle life of the battery module to a certain extent; when any single cell 12 has thermal runaway, the smoke in the inner cavity of the single cell 12 enters the gas sharing chamber 112 and is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 112, thereby improving the safety of the battery module.

[0083] 2) The gas port is an explosion-venting port or explosion-proof port arranged on the upper cover plate of the single battery 12, and an explosion-venting membrane is provided at the explosion-venting port or explosion-proof port; at this time, the gas sharing chamber 112 is used as an explosion-venting channel. When the explosion-venting membrane at the gas port of any single battery 12 is broken by the inner cavity smoke, the smoke in the inner cavity of the single battery 12 is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 112, thereby improving the safety of the battery module.

[0084] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in order to improve the safety of the battery module 1, the energy storage device is provided with a temperature control system, which controls the temperature of the battery module 1 during operation. The temperature control system includes a heat exchange unit 2, a heat transfer unit 3 and a heat treatment unit 4; the heat exchange unit 2 is used to perform heat exchange with each battery module 1, the heat transfer unit 3 is used to realize the transfer of heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit 2 and the heat treatment unit 4; the heat treatment unit 4 is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer unit 3.

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, when the temperature control system is installed, the energy storage box 5 of the energy storage device is divided into a battery compartment 51 and an equipment compartment 52, each battery module 1 and the heat exchange unit 2 and the heat transfer unit 3 are installed in the battery compartment 51, and the heat treatment unit 4 is arranged in the equipment compartment 52. This installation method not only makes the installation and maintenance of the battery module 1 and the temperature control system more convenient, but also facilitates the arrangement and installation of various components in the energy storage device, improves the space utilization rate inside the energy storage box 5, facilitates the integration of the energy storage device, and thus can increase the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0086] The heat exchange unit 2 in the temperature control system is mainly used for heat exchange with each battery module 1. The heat exchange unit 2 can be a heat transfer plate or heat transfer tube in contact with the polarity terminal of each battery module 1, or in contact with the outer shell 11. The above-mentioned heat transfer plate or heat transfer tube is connected to the heat treatment unit 4 through the heat transfer unit 3 to control the temperature of the battery module 1.

[0087] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the heat exchange unit 2 in this embodiment includes at least one heat transfer tube 21, which is used to exchange heat with the polarity terminals of each battery module 1. It has been found through research that during the charging and discharging process of the battery module 1, the temperature at the polarity terminal position is the highest temperature of the battery module 1. Processing the heat at the polarity terminal can effectively dissipate the heat of the battery module 1, thereby achieving effective temperature control of the battery module 1.

[0088] In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 21 is installed on the polarity terminal of the battery module 1, which is mainly used to control the temperature of the top of the battery module 1, especially the polarity terminal of the battery module 1, to ensure that the battery module 1 operates within the optimal temperature range. Figure 4As shown, the part where the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 protrudes from the avoidance hole is provided with a clamping part 131, and each heat transfer tube 21 is fixed on the clamping part 131 of each single battery 12 in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the heat transfer tube 21 is directly connected to the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12, and the heat on the polarity terminal where the heat is relatively concentrated is timely discharged, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect on the top of the battery module 1. In addition, when the temperature of the battery module 1 is lower than the set threshold, the battery module 1 is heated by passing a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature into the heat transfer tube 21; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the battery module 1 always operates at a normal operating temperature.

[0089] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the heat transfer tube 21 is a pipe with a heat exchange function. There is no requirement for the cross-sectional shape of the heat transfer tube 21, as long as it can contact the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 for heat exchange. For example, a square tube, an elliptical tube, a round tube, etc. can be used. In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 21 is preferably a round tube, which is easy to install and can be made of an existing metal tube, and the cost is relatively low.

[0090] At the same time, in order to improve the heat exchange effect, the heat transfer tube 21 adopts a metal tube with good thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum tube, a copper tube, etc. Preferably, the heat transfer tube 21 adopts an aluminum tube with good thermal conductivity and relatively low cost. In order to ensure the heat conduction effect, the thinner the wall thickness of the aluminum tube, the better. However, if the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is too thin, the aluminum tube is relatively soft and is easy to bend and break during installation. Therefore, the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is preferably 0.5mm to 1mm. The aluminum tube with this wall thickness can maintain its installation reliability while having good thermal conductivity, avoiding the risk of easy bending and damage when the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is thin. In actual use, the diameter of the aluminum tube is generally about 10mm to 20mm.

[0091] The heat transfer tube 21 is mainly used to achieve heat exchange with the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the battery module 1, wherein the polarity terminals of all the single batteries 12 on one side serve as the first polarity terminals of the battery module 1, and the polarity terminals of all the single batteries 12 on the other side serve as the second polarity terminals of the battery module 1. The heat transfer tube 21 can be implemented in the following structure:

[0092] First, the heat transfer tube 21 can be made of a whole tube, and the whole metal tube is bent into a U-shaped tube, and the two straight tubes of the U-shaped tube are respectively fixed on the clamping parts 131 of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the battery module 1;

[0093] Second, if Figure 5As shown, the heat transfer tube 21 includes an L-shaped first tube segment and a second tube segment; the first tube segment is fixed to the first polarity terminal of the battery module 1; the second tube segment is fixed to the second polarity terminal of the battery module 1, and the relatively shorter tube segments of the first tube 211 and the second tube 212 are connected by a joint;

[0094] Third, if Figure 3 As shown, the heat transfer tube 21 mainly includes a first tube 211, a second tube 212 and a connecting tube 213; the first tube 211 is fixed on the clamping portion 131 of the first polarity terminal of the battery module 1; the second tube 212 is fixed on the clamping portion 131 of the second polarity terminal of the battery module 1, and both ends of the connecting tube 213 are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube 211 and the second tube 212 located on the same side.

[0095] In order to facilitate installation, the heat transfer tube 21 is preferably a third type of spliced ​​pipeline. At the same time, the connecting tube 213 of the spliced ​​heat transfer tube can also be made of a hose. After the first tube 211 and the second tube 212 are connected by a hose, the first tube 211 and the second tube 212 are conveniently installed on the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the battery module 1, respectively, thereby improving the installability of the heat transfer tube 21 on the battery module 1. At the same time, the hose is an insulating hose, which improves the insulation between the battery module 1 and the heat transfer tube 21. During the specific connection, the insulating hose and the first tube 211 and the second tube 212 are fixedly connected by a clamp.

[0096] In addition, when the battery module 1 is working, the temperature of the positive terminal is higher than that of the negative terminal. At this time, the port of the first tube 211 is used as the liquid inlet port of the heat transfer tube 21, and the port of the second tube 212 is used as the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer tube 21. At the same time, the first tube 211 of the heat transfer tube 21 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery module 1, and the second tube 212 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery module 1. When the heat transfer tube 21 exchanges heat with the battery module 1, the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer tube 21 first exchanges heat with the positive terminal with a higher temperature, and then exchanges heat with the negative terminal, so that the temperatures of the positive terminal and the negative terminal are relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the battery module 1 when working.

[0097] like Figure 4 As shown, when the heat transfer tube 21 is installed, a through groove or through hole is provided at the position where the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 extends out of the avoidance hole, as a clamping portion 131; compared with the through hole, the through groove is more convenient for on-site installation, and the installation requirements are relatively low. The through groove is arranged, and the cross section of the through groove is C-shaped or U-shaped. The opening width of the through groove with a C-shaped cross section is smaller than the widest part of the through groove. Such a design is conducive to the interference fit of the heat transfer tube 21 in the through groove. The arc formed at both ends of the C-shaped through groove has natural tension, which is conducive to the heat transfer tube 21 being tightly clamped in the through groove.

[0098] After the heat transfer tube 21 is connected to the polarity terminal of the battery module 1, in order to ensure the safety of the battery module 1 during operation, the heat transfer tube 21 and the polarity terminal of the battery module 1 need to be insulated. Specifically, the insulation can be achieved by the following methods:

[0099] First, the polarity terminal 13 is insulated;

[0100] The polarity terminal 13 of each single battery is insulated. Specifically, an insulating layer 22 is provided on the portion of each single battery polarity terminal 13 that contacts the heat transfer tube 21. The insulating layer 22 may be a ceramic coating such as boron nitride, aluminum oxide, or copper fluoride coating, or an insulating paint layer formed by coating, or a hard oxide layer formed by oxidation treatment, or an enamel insulating layer, etc. In a specific configuration, the insulating layer is formed on the groove wall of the through groove of the polarity terminal 13 or the hole wall of the through hole;

[0101] Second, an insulating heat-conducting member is provided between the polarity terminal 13 and the heat transfer tube 21;

[0102] An insulating heat-conducting member is provided between each single battery polarity terminal 13 and the heat transfer tube 21, for example, an insulating plastic pad, an insulating rubber pad, a heat-conducting ceramic pad, etc. are provided between each single battery polarity terminal 13 and the heat transfer tube 21;

[0103] Third, the heat transfer tube 21 is insulated;

[0104] When the heat transfer tube 21 is insulated, the heat transfer tube 21 can be made of insulating materials, such as plastic tubes or ceramic tubes. However, the thermal conductivity of metal tubes, plastic tubes or ceramic tubes is relatively poor. Therefore, the heat transfer tube 21 is preferably a metal tube. Figure 5 As shown, an insulating layer 22 or an insulating sleeve 23 is provided on the metal tube to ensure the insulation between the metal tube and the battery module 1 when in use. Preferably, both the insulating layer 22 and the insulating sleeve 23 are provided on the heat transfer tube 21 to form a double insulation structure; this double insulation setting enables the heat transfer tube 21 to maintain reliable insulation performance with the battery module 1 when heat is exchanged with the battery module 1, even if one of the insulating layer 22 or the insulating sleeve 23 is damaged, thereby improving the safety of the battery module 1 during use.

[0105] The structure of the heat transfer tube 21 having the insulating layer 22 and the insulating sleeve 23 is described in detail below by taking the metal tube as an aluminum tube as an example.

[0106] When the aluminum tube is provided with an insulating layer 22, the insulating layer 22 is formed on the tube wall of the aluminum tube and is an integral structure with the aluminum tube. The insulating layer 22 can be implemented in the following ways:

[0107] First, a ceramic coating, i.e., a high-temperature electrical insulation coating, is formed on the wall of the aluminum tube to form an insulating layer. The ceramic coating may be boron nitride, aluminum oxide, or copper fluoride coating. However, the insulating layer formed in this way is easy to fall off and the processing cost is high.

[0108] Second, a layer of insulating material (such as insulating paint, etc.) is coated on the wall surface of the aluminum tube to form an insulating layer; this method is easy to process and implement, and the processing cost is low;

[0109] Third, an enamel insulation layer is formed on the tube wall of the aluminum tube. The enamel insulation layer is formed on the outer tube wall of the aluminum tube and is an integrated structure with the aluminum tube;

[0110] Fourth, the aluminum tube is oxidized to form an insulating layer. Oxidation is to use the chemical reaction between the metal surface and oxygen to form an oxide film to improve the insulation performance of the metal surface. For example, electrochemical oxidation method, etc. Specifically, the aluminum tube is oxidized to form a hard oxide layer. The insulating layer formed by this method is not easy to fall off, and the insulation performance is relatively good.

[0111] It should be noted that the tube wall can be the outer tube wall of the aluminum tube or the inner tube wall, preferably the outer tube wall. The thicker the hard oxide layer formed by oxidation treatment, the better the insulation, but its thermal conductivity will be reduced. In this embodiment, the thickness of the hard oxide layer is preferably 20um to 50um. The hard oxide layer of this thickness ensures the insulation performance while also making the side wall of the aluminum tube have better thermal conductivity.

[0112] The insulating sleeve 23 can be made of insulating materials with good thermal conductivity, so that it has good thermal conductivity and good insulation performance. In this embodiment, the insulating sleeve 23 adopts a thermally conductive plastic sleeve or a thermally conductive rubber sleeve with good insulation and thermal conductivity, such as a thermally conductive silicone sleeve, etc. At the same time, the thickness of the insulating sleeve 23 is preferably 0.1mm to 1.5mm, which can ensure good thermal conductivity while ensuring excellent insulation performance. The cross-sectional shape of the insulating sleeve 23 can be circular, U-shaped, or C-shaped, as long as it can be sleeved on the aluminum tube with the insulating layer 22 to achieve insulation at the contact point between the aluminum tube and the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape of the insulating sleeve 23 is preferably the same as the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum tube, so that the insulating sleeve 23 can be tightly nested on the aluminum tube to improve the thermal conductivity of the aluminum tube. In addition, when the above-mentioned insulating sleeve 23 is installed and matched with the heat transfer tube 21, the size of the insulating sleeve 23 is set to be slightly smaller than the size of the heat transfer tube 21, so that the insulating sleeve 23 can be tightly nested on the heat transfer tube 21 with the insulating layer 22, or the insulating sleeve 23 can also be put on the heat transfer tube 21 with the insulating layer 22 by heat shrinking.

[0113] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the heat transfer pipe 21 contains a heat transfer medium, which is transported to the heat treatment unit 4 through the heat transfer unit 3 after heat exchange with the battery module 1. The heat transfer unit 3 includes a liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and a liquid return pipeline assembly 32; the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 mainly realize the transportation of the heat transfer medium between the heat treatment unit 4 and each battery cluster, and the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 realize the transportation of the heat transfer medium in each battery cluster.

[0114] During specific operation, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 transports the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit 4 to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 gathers the heat transfer medium after heat exchange in each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit 4. In each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 diverts the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 to multiple battery modules 1; the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 gathers the heat transfer medium after heat exchange in multiple battery modules 1 to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, and the heat transfer medium forms a circulation loop with the heat treatment unit 4 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31, the liquid return pipeline assembly 32, and the heat treatment unit 4, so as to control the temperature of the battery modules 1 in each battery cluster.

[0115] The pipeline arrangement of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 is described in detail below.

[0116] If the number of battery clusters in the energy storage device is one, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are both single pipelines, which are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31, the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 and the heat treatment unit 4 to realize the transportation of the heat transfer medium.

[0117] If the number of battery clusters in the energy storage device is N, N is greater than 1, and the N battery clusters are arranged in a matrix, then the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are both combinations of multiple pipelines, and the corresponding pipelines are arranged according to the arrangement of the battery clusters. The specific arrangement is as follows:

[0118] First, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 include N liquid supply pipelines and N liquid outlet pipelines; the N liquid supply pipelines are connected one by one with the liquid inlet pipeline assemblies 31 in the N battery clusters, and the other ends are connected to the heat treatment unit 4; the N liquid outlet pipelines are connected one by one with the liquid return pipeline assemblies 32 in the N battery clusters, and the other ends are connected to the heat treatment unit 4, that is, each battery cluster is connected to the heat treatment unit 4 by an independent pipeline, and this kind of pipeline setting requires more pipelines to be installed and manufactured. At the same time, the heat treatment unit 4 needs to be provided with N liquid inlets and N liquid outlets, which makes the structure of the heat treatment unit 4 more complicated;

[0119] Second, if Figure 6 As shown, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 includes a primary shunt pipe 331, a secondary shunt pipe 332 and a tertiary shunt pipe 333; the inlet of the primary shunt pipe 331 is used to connect with the heat treatment unit 4; the secondary shunt pipe 332 is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the primary shunt pipe 331 to different columns or rows of battery clusters, and the tertiary shunt pipe 333 is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the secondary shunt pipe 332 to the same column or row of battery clusters; the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 includes a primary confluence pipe 341, a secondary confluence pipe 342 and a tertiary confluence pipe 343; the tertiary confluence pipe 343 is used to converge the heat transfer medium in the same column or row of battery clusters into the secondary confluence pipe 342; the secondary shunt pipe 332 is used to converge the heat transfer medium in different columns or rows of battery clusters into the primary confluence pipe 341; the outlet of the primary confluence pipe 341 is used to connect with the heat treatment unit 4.

[0120] The liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat treatment unit 4 is divided step by step and evenly distributed to each battery cluster, and the heat transfer medium flow allocated to each battery cluster is balanced, so that each battery cluster and each battery module 1 in the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage device. At the same time, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat treatment unit 4 only needs to be provided with one liquid inlet and one liquid outlet, and the structure of the heat treatment unit 4 is relatively simple. In addition, the manufacture and installation of the entire pipeline are also relatively convenient.

[0121] In this embodiment, a water supply joint may be provided on the first-level shunt pipe 331 for replenishing heat transfer medium to the temperature control system. An exhaust valve is provided on the first-level confluence pipe 341 for exhausting air in the temperature control system. The water supply joint and the exhaust valve work together to enable the temperature control system to efficiently control the temperature of each battery module 1, thereby improving the temperature control effect of the temperature control system.

[0122] After the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 distributes the heat transfer medium processed by the heat treatment unit 4 to multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster realizes the transportation of the heat transfer medium of each battery module 1 in the battery cluster through the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32. The pipeline arrangement of the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 is described in detail below.

[0123] The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are installed and manufactured accordingly according to the number and arrangement of the battery modules 1 in the battery cluster. In this embodiment, multiple battery modules 1 are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction to form a battery module unit, and then multiple battery module units are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction to form a battery cluster. At this time, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 can be manufactured in the following manner:

[0124] First, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31, the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 and the heat transfer pipe 21 are made of an integrated pipeline, that is, the entire energy storage device includes only one pipeline for the flow of heat transfer medium, and the pipeline can be specifically made of an aluminum tube, which is bent multiple times up and down and left and right, and sequentially connected to the polarity terminals of multiple battery modules 1. This installation method requires the aluminum tube to be bent many times, and has high requirements on the quality of the pipeline. At the same time, during installation, the entire pipeline needs to be connected to the polarity terminal of each battery module 1 in turn, and the reliability and convenience of installation are relatively poor, and installation errors are prone to occur after installation.

[0125] Second, if Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31, the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 and the heat transfer tube 21 are manufactured and installed separately, and the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are manufactured through multi-stage pipelines.

[0126] The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 specifically includes a primary liquid inlet pipe 311, a secondary liquid inlet pipe 312 and a tertiary liquid inlet pipe 313; the liquid inlet port of the primary liquid inlet pipe 311 is used to connect with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33; multiple secondary liquid inlet pipes 312 are connected to the primary liquid inlet pipe 311, and each secondary liquid inlet pipe 312 provides heat transfer medium to each battery module unit, that is, multiple secondary liquid inlet pipes 312 divide the heat transfer medium in the primary liquid inlet pipe 311 to multiple battery module units one by one; multiple tertiary liquid inlet pipes 313 are connected to the secondary liquid inlet pipe 312, and at the same time, each tertiary liquid inlet pipe 313 is respectively connected to the liquid inlet end of the heat transfer pipe 21 of each battery module 1, and each tertiary liquid inlet pipe 313 provides heat transfer medium to each battery module 1 That is to say, multiple tertiary liquid inlet pipes 313 divert the heat transfer medium in the secondary liquid inlet pipe 312 to multiple battery modules 1; the above-mentioned return liquid pipeline assembly 32 includes a primary liquid outlet pipe 321, a secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 and a tertiary liquid outlet pipe 323; each tertiary liquid outlet pipe 323 is respectively connected to the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer pipe 21 of each battery module 1, and at the same time, multiple tertiary liquid outlet pipes 323 are all connected to the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322, and the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of multiple battery modules 1 is gathered into the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322, and each secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe 321, and the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of multiple battery module units is gathered into the primary liquid outlet pipe 321, and the primary liquid outlet pipe 321 is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34.

[0127] like Figure 8 As shown, the three-stage liquid inlet pipe 313 and the three-stage liquid outlet pipe 323 can both be made of flexible pipes, specifically made of metal bellows. The flexible pipe reduces the installation error with the battery module 1, reduces the on-site installation requirements, and further increases the installation convenience of the temperature control pipe assembly.

[0128] The above-mentioned liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 is divided step by step and evenly distributed to each battery module 1, and the heat transfer medium flow allocated to each battery module 1 is balanced, so that each battery module 1 in the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage equipment.

[0129] like Figure 7 As shown, the above-mentioned secondary liquid inlet pipe 312 and secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 can be formed by splicing multiple sections of pipelines, that is, the secondary liquid inlet pipe 312 and the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 can be formed by splicing multiple sections of pipelines and three-way joints. This splicing connection reduces the error when connecting each pipeline and the difficulty of assembly, and is very convenient for installation and disassembly. At the same time, during subsequent maintenance, this splicing connection only requires removing the pipeline connector of the relevant battery module 1 for maintenance, without removing the entire temperature control pipeline assembly, which is convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0130] like Figure 7 As shown, in order to further facilitate the connection, the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe 321 by a quick-insert connector 36 and a hose 35. The hose 35 reduces the installation error when the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 321 are connected, reduces the on-site installation requirements, and further increases the convenience of installation of the temperature control pipeline assembly. The quick-insert connector 36 can realize the rapid installation of the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 321, and can be directly plugged and unplugged without tools, which can improve the convenience of installation or disassembly. In addition, the quick-insert connector 36 can also have a two-way self-sealing function. In the process of plugging and unplugging the quick-insert connector 36, the flow of the liquid can be automatically cut off, so that when the battery module 1 and the pipeline assembly are repaired, it is not necessary to empty the heat transfer medium in each pipeline, which improves the convenience of maintenance and the detachability of the pipeline, which is convenient for the subsequent maintenance and replacement of the main pipeline.

[0131] like Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, when the above-mentioned liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31, and liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are arranged in the energy storage device, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are both located at the top of the battery cluster. This arrangement occupies a small installation space, making the pipeline assembly highly integrated. The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are located on the same side of the battery cluster, which improves the connectivity of the entire liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and liquid return pipeline assembly 32 and the compactness of the pipeline layout, avoids pipeline stacking and crossing, increases the inconvenience of connection, and improves the convenience of installation and layout.

[0132] like Fig. 9 As shown, during specific installation, the first-level liquid inlet pipe 311 and the first-level liquid outlet pipe 321 are respectively located on both sides of the battery module 1. At the same time, there are multiple battery clusters. In the same row of battery clusters, the first-level liquid outlet pipes 321 of adjacent battery clusters can share a pipeline. This arrangement can reduce the number of pipelines, and also omits the third-level confluence pipe 343 in the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, making the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 easier to set up.

[0133] In addition, all or part of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31, and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are provided with an insulation layer, which can effectively prevent the loss of cold or heat of the heat transfer medium and reduce energy consumption, and can also avoid condensation on the pipe walls of each pipeline. At the same time, the diameter of each pipeline gradually decreases from the heat treatment unit 4 to the battery module, that is, the diameter of the first-level shunt pipe 331 is greater than the diameter of the second-level shunt pipe 332, the diameter of the third-level shunt pipe 333 is greater than the diameter of the first-level liquid inlet pipe 311, the diameter of the second-level liquid inlet pipe 312 is greater than the diameter of the third-level liquid inlet pipe 313, the diameter of the first-level converging pipe 341 is greater than the diameter of the second-level converging pipe 342, the diameter of the third-level converging pipe 343 is greater than the diameter of the first-level liquid outlet pipe 321, the diameter of the second-level liquid outlet pipe 322 is greater than the diameter of the third-level liquid outlet pipe 323. This arrangement reduces the flow deviation of the heat transfer medium for heat exchange with each battery module 1, reduces the temperature difference of the battery module, and increases the service life of the battery module.

[0134] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heat treatment unit 4 in this embodiment includes a temperature controller 41, which increases or decreases the temperature of the heat transfer medium (specifically, water, ethylene glycol / water, propylene glycol / water, methanol / water, ethanol / water, calcium formate / water, etc.). The temperature controller 41 is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, such as a heating and cooling machine or a water cooler, etc., and is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat transfer medium transported by the heat transport unit 3.

[0135] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, the temperature controller 41 is generally provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the temperature controller 41 is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 through the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, respectively. At this time, in order to facilitate maintenance, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the temperature controller 41 are provided with a blocking joint 44, and the blocking joint 44 can seal the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller 41 when the temperature controller 41 is installed and disassembled.

[0136] like Fig.10 As shown, the blocking joint 44 includes a joint end pipe 441, a regulating valve 442 and two welding chucks 443; one end of the regulating valve 442 is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 through the welding chuck 443, and the other end is connected to the joint end pipe 441 through the welding chuck 443. The joint end pipe 441 is used to connect with the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the temperature control machine 41. The regulating valve 442 can specifically adopt a butterfly valve. When the temperature control machine 41 works normally, the regulating valve 442 is in a normally open state, and the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 and the temperature control machine 41 is in a normal circulation state. When the temperature controller 41 needs to be disassembled and repaired, the regulating valve 442 is closed, and the blocking joint 44 blocks the inflow and outflow of the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller 41. At this time, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are disconnected from the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller 41. Subsequently, the temperature controller 41 and the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 can be directly disassembled without performing corresponding draining operations, thereby improving the convenience and reliability during maintenance.

[0137] Example 2

[0138] Based on the structure of the energy storage device in Example 1, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the battery module 1 as follows:

[0139] like Figures 11 to 13 As shown, a pressing plate 16 is added to the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12, and the pressing plate 16 is connected to the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 to realize reliable parallel connection of multiple single batteries 12. At the same time, the pressing plate 16 cooperates with the polarity terminal 13 to tightly and reliably install the heat transfer tube 21 into the through groove of the polarity terminal 13, thereby improving the heat exchange effect between the heat transfer tube 21 and the polarity terminal 13. In addition, the pressing plate 16 is arranged above the heat transfer tube 21 to protect the heat transfer tube 21 and the polarity terminal 13, thereby improving the safety of the single battery 12 during use.

[0140] like Fig.12As shown, the pressing plate 16 in this embodiment specifically includes a pressing portion 161 and a fixing portion 162; the bottom of the pressing portion 161 has an arc surface, which is used to cooperate with the through groove on the polarity terminal 13 to press the heat transfer tube 21 into the through groove; the fixing portion 162 is arranged on both sides of the pressing portion 161 to fix the pressing plate 16 on the top of the polarity terminal 13.

[0141] The length of the above-mentioned pressing plate 16 can be determined according to the number of single cells 12, and its length is equivalent to the length of the polarity terminals 13 of all single cells 12 in the battery module 1 in the arrangement direction. After the pressing plate 16 is connected to the polarity terminals 13 of each single cell 12, it has the following two functions: First, it is connected to the polarity terminals 13 of multiple single cells 12 to achieve reliable parallel connection between each single cell 12. Since the pressing plate 16 only needs to be connected to the polarity terminals 13 of each single cell 12 in the same battery module 1, the parallel connection between each single cell 12 can be achieved. During on-site installation, adjacent battery modules 1 or battery groups are connected through separately set electrical connectors. Therefore, the pressing plate 16 does not need to consider the installation error between adjacent battery modules 1, and the installation requirements are relatively low; second, the pressing plate 16 tightly presses the heat transfer tube 21 in the through groove of the polarity terminal 13, so that the heat transfer tube 21 can be closely contacted with the through groove of the polarity terminal 13, and there is almost no heat conduction gap between the two, which increases the heat exchange effect between the heat transfer tube 21 and the polarity terminal 13.

[0142] In this embodiment, the bottom of the pressing part 161 has an arc surface, and the cross-sectional shape of the arc surface after matching with the through groove is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the heat transfer tube 21, so that the heat transfer tube 21 is tightly attached to the through groove of the polarity terminal 13. The heat transfer tube 21 is generally a metal round tube, so the cavity formed by the pressing part 161 and the through groove is generally a circular cavity. At the same time, since the heat transfer tube 21 and the polarity terminal 13 cooperate to perform heat exchange, most of the side wall of the heat transfer tube 21 needs to be embedded in the through groove. At this time, the central angle corresponding to the arc surface of the pressing part 161 is generally between 90° and 180°, which is the best. This setting allows most of the side wall of the heat transfer tube 21 to be embedded in the through groove of the polarity terminal 13, increasing the contact area between the heat transfer tube 21 and the polarity terminal 13, and further increasing the heat exchange effect between the heat transfer tube 21 and the polarity terminal 13. If the central angle of the arc surface of the clamping portion 161 is greater than 180 degrees, the contact area between the heat transfer tube 21 and the through groove of the polarity terminal 13 is small, resulting in poor heat transfer effect. If the central angle of the arc surface of the clamping portion 161 is less than 90 degrees, the contact area between the pressure plate 16 and the heat transfer tube 21 is small, resulting in the pressure plate 16 being unable to reliably apply force to the heat transfer tube 21 and insufficient clamping force.

[0143] In addition, the distance between the arc vertex of the above-mentioned pressing part 161 and the polarity terminal 13 is less than or equal to the maximum dimension of the heat transfer tube 21 protruding from the polarity terminal 13. Since the above-mentioned heat transfer tube 21 is generally a round tube, the arc surface of the pressing part 161 is a circular arc surface. At this time, the arc radius of the pressing part 161 is preferably less than or equal to the radius of the heat transfer tube 21. After the pressing plate 16 is connected to the polarity terminal 13, the pressing part 161 can exert a downward force on the heat transfer tube 21, so that there is almost no heat transfer gap between the heat transfer tube 21 and the polarity terminal 13. The heat transfer tube 21 is pressed and tightly fitted in the through groove, and the heat conduction effect between the heat transfer tube 21 and the polarity terminal 13 is better, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0144] The pressing plate 16 in this embodiment is generally made of conductive metal materials, such as silver, copper, aluminum and the like. In this embodiment, the pressing plate 16 is made of aluminum plate, which not only has good conductivity but also good ductility, and can tightly press the heat transfer tube 21 into the through groove at the polar end.

[0145] The pressing part 161 in this embodiment is an arc-shaped plate with equal wall thickness, and the fixing part 162 is a flat plate, and the arc-shaped plate and the flat plates on both sides are an integrated structure. This structure is easy to manufacture and process, and is also easy to install. When making it specifically, the pressing plate 16 can be formed by stamping a thin plate, or it can be formed in one step by extrusion. In addition, the thickness of the pressing plate 16 is generally 0.5mm to 1mm, which can ensure the installation strength while also reliably installing the heat transfer tube 21.

[0146] The fixing portion 162 in this embodiment is provided with a connection hole 163 connected to the polarity terminal 13, so that the pressure plate 16 is connected to the polarity terminal 13 by screws. The screw connection method is easier to connect than other welding, riveting or bonding methods, and the structure is simpler. More preferably, the screw hole in this embodiment can be set to a long strip shape. The setting of the long strip hole can make up for the size error when multiple single batteries 12 are connected in parallel, thereby ensuring the reliability of the connection.

[0147] like Fig.13As shown, in the above battery module 1, after each single battery 12 is installed in the housing 11, the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 extends out of the avoidance hole, and then, the heat transfer tube 21 is installed on the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12, and the heat transfer tube 21 is embedded in the through groove of the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12. Finally, the pressing plate 16 is connected to the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12, and the pressing plate 16 and the polarity terminal 13 are fixed by screws to realize the parallel connection between each single battery 12. When multiple battery modules 1 are connected in series, the polarity terminals 13 of some single batteries 12 are connected to the conductive connecting plate, and the adjacent battery modules 1 are connected in series through the conductive connecting plate. After the pressing plate 16 is installed, the heat transfer tube 21 can also be pressed tightly in the through groove of the polarity terminal 13. The heat transfer tube 21 is used to transfer the heat generated by each single battery 12 and control the temperature of the battery module 1. In addition, an insulating pad 18 may be provided between the pressing plate 16 and the heat transfer tube 21 to further ensure insulation between the heat transfer tube 21 and the pressing plate 16 .

[0148] Example 3

[0149] This embodiment optimizes the structure of the battery module 1 in the energy storage device of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.

[0150] During long-term use of the battery module 1, condensation will be generated on the surface due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat transfer tube 21. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 and the avoidance hole, causing the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 to be electrically conductive with the shell 11, which may cause a short circuit in the same single battery 12.

[0151] like Fig.14 As shown, the above problems are overcome by optimizing the top structure of the battery module 1 and laying an insulating sealant layer 15 on the top plate of the shell 11. The end faces of the polarity terminals 13 of each single battery 12 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 15 to be connected to the pressing plate 16 or the electrical connector 17; the liquid inlet port and the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer tube 21 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 15 to be connected to the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32. The pressing plate 16 is a connecting device for connecting each single battery 12 in parallel, and the electrical connector 17 is a connecting device for connecting two battery modules 1 in series, and can also be a connecting device for connecting the battery module 1 to an external load.

[0152] like Fig.14As shown, in this embodiment, an insulating sealant layer 15 is laid on the top plate of the shell 11, and a part of the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 is covered by the insulating sealant layer 15, and the end surface of the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 extends out of the insulating sealant layer 15 and is connected to the pressing plate 16 and / or the electrical connector 17; the main parts of the heat transfer tube 21 are all covered by the insulating sealant layer 15, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat transfer tube 21 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 15 for connecting with the liquid inlet manifold and the liquid return manifold.

[0153] In some other embodiments, the thickness of the insulating sealant layer 15 can be smaller, lower than the main part of the heat transfer tube 21, or cover part of the main part of the heat transfer tube 21, as long as condensation cannot enter the gap between the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 and the avoidance hole.

[0154] The insulating sealant used in this embodiment is generally a battery potting glue commonly used in batteries, such as a silicone thermal conductive potting glue, which has good sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation and waterproof functions. In order to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing, during the injection process of this embodiment, a glue injection mold can be added around the edges of the top plate of the shell 11 to ensure that the insulating sealant can be smoothly injected. After the injection is completed, demoulding is performed.

[0155] like Fig.14 As shown, on the basis of the above structure, this embodiment further provides an insulating protective cover 14 on the top of the battery module 1, thereby providing insulating protection for the polarity terminal 13, avoiding the potential safety hazard of the polarity terminal 13 being exposed during the operation of the battery module 1, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign matter from the external environment falling into the position of the polarity terminal 13 and causing the battery module 1 to short-circuit, thereby improving the safety of the battery module 1.

[0156] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 14 completely covers the polarity terminal 13, it will make the electrical connection of such battery module 1 difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a slit is provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 14, through which the electrical connector 17 can be connected to the polarity terminal 13 of the battery module, thereby achieving electrical connection. It should also be noted that a channel for the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heat transfer tube 21 to extend out needs to be provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 14.

[0157] Example 4

[0158] like Fig.15As shown, the energy storage device in this embodiment is similar to that in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3, except that the heat treatment unit 4 in this embodiment further includes a radiator 42 and a control valve 43; the liquid inlet of the temperature controller 41 is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, and the liquid outlet of the temperature controller 41 is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, which is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat transfer medium; the control valve 43 is used to control whether the heat transfer medium enters the radiator 42, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the radiator 42 are both connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, which is used to dissipate heat from the heat transfer medium.

[0159] The radiator 42 is a device for dissipating heat from the heat transfer medium, which may specifically be a heat dissipation coil, etc., to perform heat exchange with the external environment to reduce the temperature of the heat transfer medium.

[0160] The control valve 43 can be a valve with different control modes or structures, as long as it can control the on and off of the heat transfer medium. For example, a pneumatic valve, an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, etc. can be used. For the convenience of control, an electric valve is preferably used. The electric valve is easy to control, easy to operate, and easy to install on site. The control valve 43 in this embodiment includes a three-way electric valve, the first port of the three-way electric valve is connected to the liquid inlet of the temperature control machine 41, the second port is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, and the third port is connected to the liquid outlet of the radiator 42. When the three-way electric valve is used for control, only a single device is needed to achieve control, the structure is simple, and the installation is convenient.

[0161] In this embodiment, a fan is further provided on the outside of the radiator 42, and the fan further dissipates heat from the heat transfer medium in the radiator 42. The battery module 1 can generate a large amount of heat during the charging and discharging process. In order to dissipate the heat and make use of the ambient temperature as much as possible, a fan is provided, so that even at a high temperature of 40°C, the temperature of the battery module 1 can be kept below 50°C. The control of the temperature of the battery module 1 is mainly a matter of energy consumption. The use of refrigeration equipment such as air conditioners consumes a lot of energy, so the temperature of the battery module 1 is controlled by making use of the ambient temperature as much as possible.

[0162] The above temperature control system has the following three working modes:

[0163] The first one is the cooling mode of radiator 42 alone:

[0164] like Fig.16As shown, when the temperature of the battery module 1 reaches the first high temperature threshold, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the second port is closed, and the heat transfer medium of the heat exchange unit 2 exchanges heat with the battery module 1. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange unit 2 enters the radiator 42 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, and the radiator 42 processes the heat in the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium with reduced temperature enters the temperature control machine 41. At this time, the temperature control machine 41 does not work, and only ensures the passage of the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange unit 2 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, and exchanges heat with the battery module 1 again, thereby achieving passive cooling through the radiator 42.

[0165] The second type is the temperature control machine 41 in a separate cooling and heating mode:

[0166] like Fig.17 As shown, when the temperature of the battery module 1 reaches the second high temperature threshold, the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the third port is closed, and the heat exchange unit 2 exchanges heat with the battery module 1. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange unit 2 enters the temperature controller 41 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34. At this time, the temperature controller 41 works to actively cool the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the cooled heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange unit 2 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 to exchange heat with the battery module 1, thereby achieving active cooling through the temperature controller 41.

[0167] When the temperature of the battery module 1 reaches the low temperature threshold, the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the third port is closed. The temperature controller 41 starts to increase the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the temperature control tube. The heated heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange unit 2 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 to exchange heat with the battery module 1, thereby achieving active heating through the temperature controller 41.

[0168] The third type is a cooling mode in which the radiator 42 and the temperature controller 41 cool down together:

[0169] like Fig.16 As shown, when the temperature of the battery module 1 reaches the third high temperature threshold, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the second port is closed, and the heat transfer medium of the heat exchange unit 2 exchanges heat with the battery module 1. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange unit 2 enters the radiator 42 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, and the radiator 42 processes the heat in the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium with reduced temperature enters the temperature controller 41. At this time, the temperature controller 41 is turned on to cool the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange unit 2 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, and exchanges heat with the battery module 1 again, thereby realizing passive cooling and active cooling through the radiator 42 and the temperature controller 41.

[0170] It should be noted that: the third high temperature threshold>the second high temperature threshold>the first high temperature threshold.

[0171] The heat treatment unit 4 performs combined active heat dissipation, active temperature increase and passive heat dissipation on the battery module 1 through the radiator 42 and the temperature controller 41. This method can ensure that the heat of the battery module 1 can be effectively processed, and at the same time, the temperature control cost is relatively low, which can effectively save energy, avoid wasting energy when only active temperature control is used, and avoid the defect that the temperature of the battery module 1 cannot be controlled in time when only passive temperature control is used. This setting allows the heat treatment unit 4 to fully exchange heat with the external environment and make full use of the temperature of the external environment, thereby saving the start time of active cooling and saving energy.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: including a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster; The battery cluster includes at least one battery module; The battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of single cells arranged in the shell in the same direction; a shared chamber is provided in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all the single cells; avoidance holes are provided on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell; The temperature control system includes a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit and a heat processing unit; the heat exchange unit is used to achieve heat exchange with each battery module; the heat transfer unit is used to realize the transportation of heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit and the heat processing unit; the heat processing unit is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat transfer medium transported by the heat transfer unit.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange unit includes at least one heat transfer tube, and a clamping portion is provided at the position where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole. Each heat transfer tube is fixed on the clamping portion of each single cell polarity terminal in a one-to-one correspondence, and the heat transfer tube is insulated from each single cell polarity terminal; the clamping portion is a through groove or through hole opened at the position where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat transfer tube is a metal tube, and the metal tube has at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: All the single battery polarity terminals on one side serve as the first polarity terminals of the battery module, and all the single battery polarity terminals on the other side serve as the second polarity terminals of the battery module; The heat transfer tube includes a first tube, a second tube and a connecting tube; The first tube is fixed on the clamping part of the first polarity terminal of the battery module; the second tube is fixed on the clamping part of the second polarity terminal of the battery module; and both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube located on the same side.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first tube and the second tube are metal tubes, the metal tubes have at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve, and the connecting tube is an insulating hose.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The port of the first tube is the liquid inlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the first polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal, the port of the second tube is the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the second polarity terminal is a negative polarity terminal.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping part is a through groove, and a pressing plate is also provided on the top of the heat transfer tube, and the pressing plate includes a pressing part and a fixing part; the pressing part has an arc surface, and the arc surface is used to cooperate with the through groove of the polarity terminal to press the heat transfer tube into the through groove; the fixing part is arranged on both sides of the pressing part, connected with the polarity terminal of each single battery, and is used to realize parallel connection of multiple single batteries, and is also used to fix the pressing part on the polarity terminal, and an insulating pad is also provided between the pressing plate and the heat transfer tube.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the shell, the pressing plate and the heat transfer tube are buried in the insulating sealant layer, and the liquid inlet and outlet ports of the heat transfer tube extend out of the insulating sealant layer.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: An insulating protective cover is arranged on the top of the shell, and polarity terminals of each single battery are located inside the insulating protective cover.

10. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A plurality of battery modules are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction to form a battery module unit, and a plurality of battery module units are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction to form a battery cluster; The heat transfer unit includes a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly and a liquid return pipeline assembly; the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used to transport the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit; In each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly is used to divert the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly to multiple battery modules; the liquid return pipeline assembly is used to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange in multiple battery modules to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly; The liquid inlet pipeline assembly includes a primary liquid inlet pipe, a secondary liquid inlet pipe and a tertiary liquid inlet pipe; the liquid inlet of the primary liquid inlet pipe is used to connect with the liquid supply pipeline assembly; multiple secondary liquid inlet pipes are connected to the primary liquid inlet pipe, and the multiple secondary liquid inlet pipes shunt the heat transfer medium in the primary liquid inlet pipe to multiple battery module units; multiple tertiary liquid inlet pipes are connected to the secondary liquid inlet pipe, and the multiple tertiary liquid inlet pipes shunt the heat transfer medium in the secondary liquid inlet pipe to multiple battery modules; The liquid return pipeline assembly includes a primary liquid outlet pipe, a secondary liquid outlet pipe and a tertiary liquid outlet pipe; multiple tertiary liquid outlet pipes are connected to the secondary liquid outlet pipe, which is used to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with the battery module into the secondary liquid outlet pipe, and each secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with multiple battery module units into the primary liquid outlet pipe, and the primary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that: There are multiple battery clusters arranged in a matrix; The liquid supply pipeline assembly includes a primary shunt pipe, a secondary shunt pipe and a tertiary shunt pipe; The inlet of the primary shunt pipe is used to connect to the heat treatment unit; the secondary shunt pipe is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the primary shunt pipe to different columns or rows of battery clusters; the tertiary shunt pipe is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the secondary shunt pipe to multiple battery clusters in the same column or row; The liquid outlet pipeline assembly includes a primary confluence pipe, a secondary confluence pipe and a tertiary confluence pipe; The tertiary confluence pipe is used to converge the heat transfer medium of multiple battery clusters in the same column or row into the secondary confluence pipe; the secondary diversion pipe is used to converge the heat transfer medium of different columns or rows of battery clusters into the primary confluence pipe; the outlet of the primary confluence pipe is used to connect to the heat treatment unit.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that: At least part of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly, and the liquid return pipeline assembly is provided with a heat preservation layer. Meanwhile, the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe are formed by splicing multiple sections of pipelines.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first-level flow distribution pipe is provided with a water supply joint for supplying heat transfer medium to the temperature control system, and the first-level flow converging pipe is provided with an exhaust valve.

14. The energy storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe by a quick-insert connector and a hose. Meanwhile, in the battery clusters in the same row, two adjacent battery clusters share one primary liquid outlet pipe.

15. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The heat treatment unit comprises a temperature controller, a liquid inlet of the temperature controller is connected to a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, and a liquid outlet of the temperature controller is connected to a liquid supply pipeline assembly. The temperature controller is used to increase or decrease the temperature of a heat transfer medium.

16. The energy storage device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The heat treatment unit also includes a radiator and a control valve; the control valve is used to control whether the heat transfer medium enters the radiator, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the radiator are both connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly to dissipate heat for the heat transfer medium.

17. The energy storage device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the temperature controller are provided with blocking joints, and the blocking joints can block the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller.

18. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The shared chamber includes at least one of an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; The electrolyte shared chamber is a liquid channel located between the bottom plate of the housing and each single cell, and the liquid channel is connected to the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell; The gas sharing chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the housing and each single cell, and the gas channel is connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell.

19. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber. The electrolyte shared chamber is a liquid channel located between the bottom plate of the housing and each single cell, and the liquid channel is connected to the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell. The gas sharing chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the shell and each single cell. The gas channel covers the explosion venting part of each single cell. When the explosion venting part of any single cell is broken by the thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity, the gas area of ​​the single cell is connected to the gas channel.

Images