Antenna device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna device, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna device comprises directors, an oscillator unit and a feed unit, the feed unit is electrically connected with the oscillator unit, and the directors are arranged on two opposite sides of the oscillator unit. The directors are arranged on the two opposite sides of the oscillator unit, so that the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened compared with that before the directors are arranged, and the coverage range of the antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna device. Background Art

[0002] The beam width of an antenna affects the coverage of the antenna. Currently, in some antennas, due to the limited beam width of the oscillator itself and the lack of mutual coupling of the oscillators in the side columns of the oscillator array, the horizontal beam width of the antenna in the side columns is narrow, which affects its coverage.

[0003] In order to expand the horizontal beam width of the antenna and improve the coverage of the antenna, wide-beam oscillators and the distance between oscillators are usually used. However, this method is applicable to 4G antennas, but for 5G massive MIMO (Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output) antennas, the above method cannot be applied due to space constraints.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an antenna device that can widen the horizontal beam width of the antenna in a limited space, and is particularly suitable for 5G massive MIMO antennas.

[0006] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present utility model provides an antenna device, comprising:

[0007] Director;

[0008] A vibrator unit, the directors are arranged on two opposite sides of the vibrator unit, and the vibrator unit is coupled to the directors;

[0009] A feeding unit is electrically connected to the vibrator unit.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the vibrator unit includes vibrators arranged in M ​​rows and N columns. In the row direction, the directors are respectively arranged at both ends of each row of vibrators, and M and N are integers greater than 0.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in each row of vibrators, a separation wall is provided between two adjacent vibrators.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, an isolation wall is provided between the director and the vibrator unit.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, it also includes

[0014] A reflecting plate, wherein the vibrator unit and the director are arranged on one side of the reflecting plate.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the feeding unit includes

[0016] A feeding plate, wherein the vibrator unit and the director are arranged on one side of the feeding plate, and the reflecting plate is arranged on the opposite side.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the vibrator unit is fixed to the feeding board.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the director is fixed to the reflective plate via a support.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the director is fixed to the reflector through a support, and one end of the support is connected to the director, and the opposite end passes through the feeding plate and is connected to the reflector.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the director includes at least one guiding member.

[0021] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the director includes a plurality of guide members, and the plurality of guide members are arranged at intervals.

[0022] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the sizes of the plurality of guide members gradually decrease in a direction away from the vibrator unit.

[0023] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the guide member is rectangular.

[0024] In one or more embodiments of the present utility model, the director further includes a dielectric substrate, and the guide member is arranged on the dielectric substrate.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides directors on opposite sides of the vibrator unit, which can make the horizontal beam width of the antenna wider than before the directors are provided, thereby improving its coverage. The present invention is particularly suitable for 5G massive MIMO antennas by providing directors on both sides of the vibrator unit, and can widen its horizontal beam width in a limited space, so that it can meet the requirements of 5G antennas for wide antenna beams. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1is a perspective view of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle director;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 is a perspective view of an antenna device according to another embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 It is the horizontal beam pattern of the antenna when a single vibrator is set with a director;

[0031] Figure 6 It is the horizontal plane beam pattern of the antenna when the director is set in the vibrator array. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0033] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising”, etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0034] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, according to an antenna device of a preferred embodiment of the utility model, by arranging directors 10 on both sides of the vibrator unit 20, the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened compared to before the director 10 is arranged, that is, by arranging directors 10 on both sides of the vibrator unit 20, the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened. The solution of widening the horizontal beam width of the antenna by arranging directors 10 on both sides of the vibrator unit 20 is particularly suitable for 5G massive MIMO antennas, and can widen its horizontal beam width in a limited space, so that it can meet the requirements of 5G antennas for wide beams of antennas. Of course, the utility model is not only applicable to 5G massive MIMO antennas, but also to other base station antennas such as 4G antennas, and can further reduce the volume of these antennas. This is because the above-mentioned solution can avoid using wide beam vibrators, adjusting the vibrator spacing, etc. to widen the horizontal beam width of the antenna, thereby reducing the volume of the antenna.

[0035] Specifically, the antenna device includes a director 10, a vibrator unit 20 and a feeding unit 30. The vibrator unit 20 is electrically connected to the feeding unit 30, and the directors 10 are arranged on opposite sides of the vibrator unit 20, and the directors 10 are coupled to the vibrator unit 20. The vibrator unit 20 is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves to the outside or receive external electromagnetic waves. The feeding unit 30 is configured to feed a signal to the vibrator unit 20 or send the external signal received by the vibrator unit 20 to the processing unit of the base station. The director 10 is configured to expand the horizontal beam width of the antenna.

[0036] In a specific implementation, the feed unit 30 feeds a signal to the dipole unit 20, and the dipole unit 20 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the outside. Since there are directors 10 on opposite sides of the dipole unit 20, the directors 10 can couple with the dipole unit 20 to generate current, and then the directors 10 can stimulate electromagnetic wave radiation to achieve widening of the horizontal beam width of the antenna.

[0037] The utility model can widen the horizontal beam width of the antenna by arranging the director 10 on the two opposite sides of the vibrator unit 20, thereby increasing the coverage area of ​​the antenna and improving the coverage range of the antenna. Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , the horizontal beam pattern of the antenna is shown, wherein the dotted line is a conventional antenna, i.e., an antenna without a director 10, and the solid line is an antenna of the utility model, i.e., an antenna with a director 10. As can be seen from the figure, by providing the director 10 on the opposite sides of the vibrator unit 20, the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened compared to before the director 10 is provided. For example, the 3dB beam width can be expanded from the original 71° to 75°. For details, see Figure 5 , where A in the figure shows the 3dB beam width corresponding to the traditional antenna, which is 71°, and A' in the figure shows the 3dB beam width corresponding to the antenna of the utility model, which is 75°. For another example, the 10dB beam width can be expanded from the original 134° to 156°. For details, please refer to Figure 5 , where B in the figure shows the 10dB beam width corresponding to the conventional antenna, which is 134°, and B' in the figure shows the 10dB beam width corresponding to the antenna of the utility model, which is 156°. It can be seen that the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened by setting the director 10.

[0038] Combination Figures 1-2As shown, the director 10 includes a dielectric substrate 11 and at least one director 12 disposed on the dielectric substrate 11. The director 12 can be coupled with the vibrator unit 20 to generate a coupling current, thereby exciting electromagnetic waves and radiating them to the outside, thereby widening the horizontal beam width of the antenna. The number of the directors 12 here can be determined according to the size of the horizontal beam width that actually needs to be widened. For example, when the horizontal beam width of the antenna needs to be widened to a larger range, the number of the directors 12 can be appropriately increased, and when the horizontal beam width of the antenna needs to be widened to a smaller range, the number of the directors 12 can be appropriately reduced.

[0039] The guide member 12 close to the vibrator unit 20 is recorded as the first-stage guide member 12, and the multiple guide members 12 arranged at intervals in the direction away from the vibrator unit 20 are recorded as the second-stage guide member 12,..., and the Nth-stage guide member 12, where N is an integer. In a specific implementation, when the director 10 is working, the vibrator unit 20 generates a coupling current in the first-stage guide member 12 of the director 10. Since coupling occurs between the first-stage guide member 12 and the second-stage guide member 12, a coupling current is generated in the second-stage guide member 12, and so on, until a coupling current is generated in the last-stage guide member 12. Since coupling currents are generated in the guide members 12 at each stage, electromagnetic waves can be excited and radiated to the outside, and finally the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened.

[0040] In this embodiment, it is best that the director 10 includes a plurality of director members 12, the plurality of director members 12 are parallel to each other, and the plurality of director members 12 are preferably arranged at equal intervals in a direction away from the vibrator unit 20. The director member 12 close to the vibrator unit 20 is coupled to the vibrator unit 20, and two adjacent director members 12 are coupled to each other. By providing a plurality of director members 12, the beam width of the antenna can be widened to a larger range.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the size of the guide member 12 gradually decreases as it moves away from the vibrator unit 20. In other words, the farther away from the vibrator unit 20, the smaller the size of the guide member 12. Figure 2 As shown, the guide member 12 is a rectangular metal strip, and the length of the guide member 12 gradually decreases as the distance from the vibrator unit 20 increases. Here, the size of each guide member 12 can be adjusted according to the required operating frequency, that is, the operating frequency of the director 10 can be adjusted by adjusting the size of each guide member 12. Of course, the shape of the guide member 12 can also be set to other shapes, such as a ring, etc., which can be set according to actual needs.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, multiple guide members 12 are jointly supported on the dielectric substrate 11, so that the installation and fixation of multiple guide members 12 can be achieved by only installing and fixing the dielectric substrate 11, thereby improving assembly efficiency. Of course, in other embodiments, a corresponding support structure can also be separately provided for each guide member 12, so that the multiple guide members 12 are arranged according to the above arrangement. In other words, the multiple guide members 12 can be installed and fixed through the dielectric substrate 11, or they can be installed and fixed respectively through corresponding support structures, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0043] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the vibrator unit 20 includes at least one vibrator 21 , and the number of the vibrators 21 can be set according to actual needs, such as being set to two or more.

[0044] When the dipole unit 20 includes a dipole 21, the diverter 10 is disposed on both sides of the dipole 21, so as to widen the horizontal beam width of the antenna. Figure 5 As shown, it is the antenna horizontal plane beam pattern when the vibrator unit 20 includes a vibrator 21, wherein the dotted line is a conventional antenna, that is, an antenna without a director 10, and the solid line is an antenna of the utility model, that is, an antenna with a director 10. Figure 5 It can be seen that by arranging the director 10 on the two opposite sides of the vibrator unit 20, the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened compared with before the director 10 is arranged. For example, the 3dB beam width can be expanded from the original 71° to 75°. For details, see Figure 5 , where A in the figure shows the 3dB beam width corresponding to the traditional antenna, which is 71°, and A' in the figure shows the 3dB beam width corresponding to the antenna of the utility model, which is 75°. For another example, the 10dB beam width can be expanded from the original 134° to 156°. For details, please refer to Figure 5 , where B in the figure shows the 10dB beam width corresponding to the conventional antenna, which is 134°, and B' in the figure shows the 10dB beam width corresponding to the antenna of the utility model, which is 156°. It can be seen that the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened by setting the director 10.

[0045] When the vibrator unit 20 includes a plurality of vibrators 21, the plurality of vibrators 21 are preferably arranged in an array, such as arranged in M ​​rows and N columns, where M and N are integers greater than zero. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, when multiple dipoles 21 are arranged in an array, in the row direction, a director 10 is set at both ends of each row of dipoles 21, that is, in each row of dipoles 21, a director 10 is set at the left side of the dipole 21 at the left end, and a director 10 is set at the right side of the dipole 21 at the right end. By setting the director 10 at the edge of the dipole array, the beam width of the side column of the dipole array can be improved, thereby expanding the horizontal beam width of the antenna. Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a diagram of the horizontal beam of the antenna when the vibrator unit 20 includes a plurality of vibrators 21 arranged in an array, wherein the dotted line is a conventional antenna, i.e., an antenna without a director 10, and the solid line is an antenna of the utility model, i.e., an antenna with a director 10. As can be seen from the figure, by providing directors 10 at both ends of each row of vibrators 21 in the vibrator unit 20, the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened compared to before the director 10 is provided, such as expanding the 3dB beam width from 95° to 127°. For details, please refer to Figure 6 , where A in the figure shows the 3dB beam width corresponding to the traditional antenna, which is 95°, and A' in the figure shows the 3dB beam width corresponding to the antenna of the utility model, which is 127°. For another example, the 10dB beam width can be expanded from the original 170° to 193°. For details, please refer to Figure 6 , where B in the figure shows the 10dB beam width corresponding to the traditional antenna, which is 170°, and B' in the figure shows the 10dB beam width corresponding to the antenna of the utility model, which is 193°. It can be seen that the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be widened by setting the director 10.

[0046] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The feeding unit 30 includes a feeding board 31, which is configured to feed a signal to the vibrator unit 20 or send an external signal received by the vibrator unit 20 to a processing unit of the base station. The feeding board 31 includes a substrate and a signal line arranged on the substrate, and the vibrator unit 20 is electrically connected to the signal line, so as to feed a signal to the vibrator unit 20 or send an external signal received by the vibrator unit 20 to the processing unit of the base station.

[0047] In this embodiment, the vibrator unit 20 is preferably directly fixed on the feed board 31 and electrically connected to the signal line on the feed board 31. In a specific implementation, the vibrator unit 20 can be fixed on the feed board 31 by welding and electrically connected to the signal line on the feed board 31. By directly fixing the vibrator unit 20 on the feed board 31, the assembly between parts can be reduced and the assembly efficiency can be improved.

[0048] like Figure 1As shown, the antenna device also includes a reflector 40, which is configured to reflect electromagnetic waves. The vibrator unit 20 and the director 10 are arranged on one side of the reflector 40, and other components can be arranged on the opposite side according to actual needs, such as a phase shifter and the like on the opposite side. When the vibrator unit 20 is arranged on one side of the reflector 40, the vibrator unit 20 can be installed on the reflector 40 through a corresponding supporting structure, or can be installed on the reflector 40 through the above-mentioned feeding plate 31. For example, when the vibrator unit 20 is installed on the reflector 40 through the feeding plate 31, that is, the vibrator unit 20 is directly fixed on the feeding plate 31, and the feeding plate 31 is further installed on the reflector 40, the vibrator unit 20 and the director 10 are arranged on one side of the feeding plate 31, and the reflector 40 is arranged on the opposite side.

[0049] In this embodiment, the director 10 is fixed to the reflector 40 by the support L, so that the director 10 and the vibrator unit 20 are finally arranged on the same side of the reflector 40. Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, the director 10 is provided with a mounting hole 111, and the director 10 is connected to the support member L through the mounting hole 111. Of course, other methods can also be used to achieve the connection between the two, such as a snap-fit ​​method, etc. Further, when the feeding unit 30 adopts a feeding board 31, one end of the support member L is connected to the director 10, and the opposite end passes through or does not pass through the feeding board 31 to connect to the reflector 40, which can be set according to actual needs.

[0050] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, there is a certain distance between the director 10 and the reflector 40, such as 10 mm or the like. By setting the distance between the director 10 and the reflector 40 to a suitable value, the adjustment of the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be optimized, that is, by setting the distance between the director 10 and the reflector 40 to a suitable value, the horizontal beam width of the antenna can be adjusted to an optimal range. In a specific implementation, the distance between the director 10 and the reflector 40 can be adjusted to a corresponding value for different antennas, so that the director 10 can better widen the horizontal beam width of the antenna. Here, the setting of the distance between the director 10 and the reflector 40 can be adjusted by the above-mentioned support member L, that is, by setting the support member L of a suitable height, the distance between the director 10 and the reflector can be adjusted.

[0051] In this embodiment, the reflector 40 is preferably a metal reflector. Of course, in other embodiments, the reflector 40 can also be constructed by constructing a frequency selective surface, and the selection and setting can be made according to actual needs.

[0052] like Figure 3As shown, in order to achieve isolation of corresponding electromagnetic waves and reduce or suppress unnecessary mutual coupling between components, an isolation wall 50 is provided between the director 10 and the vibrator unit 20. In this embodiment, the distance between the isolation walls 50 on opposite sides of the vibrator unit 20 and the vibrator unit 20 is equal to achieve better isolation.

[0053] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, when the dipole unit 20 includes a plurality of dipoles 21 and the dipoles 21 are arranged in an array, in order to suppress the mutual coupling between the dipoles 21, the isolation wall 50 is provided between two adjacent dipoles 21 in the same row. By providing the isolation wall 50, the mutual coupling between the dipoles 21 can be avoided and the antenna performance can be improved.

[0054] In this embodiment, the isolation wall 50 is preferably fixed on the feed board 31. Of course, in other embodiments, it can also be fixed separately on other structures, such as fixed on the reflector 40, etc., and can be set according to actual needs. By fixing the isolation wall 50 to the feed board 31, the assembly between parts can be reduced and the assembly efficiency can be improved.

[0055] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the isolation wall 50 is provided with an opening 53, so that the vibrator unit 20 can be coupled with the director 10, and then a coupling current can be generated in the director 10. In this embodiment, the isolation wall 50 includes a first isolation wall 51 and a second isolation wall 52 that are spaced apart, and the first isolation wall 51 and the second isolation wall 52 are both provided with an opening 53, so that the vibrator unit 20 can be coupled with the director 10.

[0056] The utility model can widen the horizontal beam width of the antenna and improve its coverage range by arranging directors on two opposite sides of the vibrator unit. It is particularly suitable for 5G massive MIMO antennas and can widen its horizontal beam width in a limited space to meet the requirements of 5G antennas for wide antenna beams.

[0057] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the utility model is for the purpose of illustration and illustration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the utility model to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the utility model and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the utility model and various different options and changes. The scope of the utility model is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that: include: Director; A vibrator unit, the directors are arranged on two opposite sides of the vibrator unit, and the vibrator unit is coupled to the directors; A feeding unit is electrically connected to the vibrator unit.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The vibrator unit includes vibrators arranged in M ​​rows and N columns, wherein: In the row direction, the directors are respectively arranged at both ends of each row of oscillators, and M and N are integers greater than 0.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that In each row of vibrators, a separation wall is provided between two adjacent vibrators.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein: An isolation wall is provided between the director and the vibrator unit.

5. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes A reflecting plate, wherein the vibrator unit and the director are arranged on one side of the reflecting plate.

6. The antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that The feeding unit includes A feeding plate, wherein the vibrator unit and the director are arranged on one side of the feeding plate, and the reflecting plate is arranged on the opposite side.

7. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that The vibrator unit is fixed to the feeding board.

8. The antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that The director is fixed to the reflecting plate through a supporting member.

9. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The director is fixed on the reflector through a support, and one end of the support is connected to the director, and the opposite end passes through the feeding plate and is connected to the reflector.

10. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The director includes at least one guiding member.

11. The antenna device according to claim 10, characterized in that The director includes a plurality of guide members, and the plurality of guide members are arranged at intervals.

12. The antenna device according to claim 11, characterized in that The sizes of the plurality of guide members gradually decrease in a direction away from the vibrator unit.

13. The antenna device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The guide member is rectangular in shape.

14. The antenna device according to claim 10, characterized in that The director further comprises a dielectric substrate, and the guide member is arranged on the dielectric substrate.

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