Lightning protection device of switch and switch

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of switch lightning protection, in particular to a lightning protection device of a switch, which comprises a first-stage lightning protection module, a second-stage lightning protection module and a third-stage lightning protection module. The network interfaces at the two ends of the switch are connected with the ground of the switch shell through the first-stage lightning protection module; the secondary sides of the network transformers at the two ends of the switch are connected with the ground of the switch shell through the secondary lightning protection module; the primary sides of the network transformers at the two ends of the switch are connected with the three-stage lightning protection modules, and lightning stroke energy is absorbed through the three-stage lightning protection modules. According to the lightning protection device of the switch provided by the utility model, the lightning protection device is connected in series in the middle of the communication network cable, processing is carried out according to different conditions of lightning stroke energy on different devices, all the lightning stroke energy can be processed, a better lightning protection effect is realized, the lightning protection grade is high, and equipment at two ends of the lightning protection device can be fully protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lightning protection for switches, in particular to a lightning protection device for switches and the switch. Background Art

[0002] In the current network communication field, switches, as core equipment for data transmission, are widely used in various environments, including indoor and outdoor scenarios. Especially in applications in complex outdoor environments, such as intelligent transportation systems, remote monitoring, and wide area network coverage, higher requirements are placed on the performance and stability of switches. However, the inherent challenges of the outdoor environment, especially extreme weather conditions such as frequent rainfall, high temperatures, and lightning activities, seriously threaten the safety and stable operation of network equipment.

[0003] In particular, the problem of lightning strikes has become a key problem that needs to be solved when deploying switches outdoors. Lightning can not only cause huge instantaneous currents by directly striking the lines, but can also generate high-voltage pulses in adjacent network lines through induction, which poses a great threat to switches that use conventional lightning protection designs. The lightning protection level of most switches on the market is relatively low, generally around 6KV in common mode and 4KV in differential mode. This level of protection is particularly insufficient when facing powerful lightning strikes in nature, which can easily cause equipment damage, thereby affecting the normal operation of the entire network system and even causing significant economic losses and safety risks.

[0004] To meet this challenge, some users have to turn to industrial-grade switches with higher protection levels. Such devices are usually designed with more complete lightning protection, waterproof, dustproof and other features, and can better adapt to harsh outdoor environments. However, high performance comes with high costs. The price of industrial-grade switches is much higher than that of ordinary commercial switches. For projects with limited budgets, this undoubtedly increases the difficulty of implementation and cost pressure. In addition, there is a multi-stage lightning protection filter circuit as disclosed in patent 202320595976.2. Although it has multi-stage lightning protection, it is achieved by connecting it in parallel on the main circuit. The lightning protection effect, that is, the lightning energy is not processed according to the different situations on each device, so it cannot guarantee that all the lightning energy can be processed, so the lightning protection effect is not enough.

[0005] Therefore, developing a solution that can effectively improve the lightning protection level of switches while taking into account cost-effectiveness has become an urgent requirement of current market demand and technological development. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a lightning protection device for a switch, which can process lightning energy for different devices and process all lightning energy to achieve a higher level of lightning protection effect, and has low cost and high economic benefits.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a lightning protection device for a switch, preferably including a primary lightning protection module, a secondary lightning protection module and a tertiary lightning protection module; the network interfaces at both ends of the switch are connected to the ground of the switch casing through the primary lightning protection module, and the primary lightning protection module is used to discharge the lightning energy to the ground of the switch casing; the secondary sides of the network transformers at both ends of the switch are connected to the ground of the switch casing through the secondary lightning protection module, and the secondary lightning protection module is used to discharge the lightning energy to the ground of the switch casing; the primary sides of the network transformers at both ends of the switch are connected to the third-level lightning protection module, and the lightning energy is absorbed by the third-level lightning protection module.

[0008] Preferably, the first-level lightning protection module includes a varistor MOV1, a varistor MOV2, a varistor MOV3, a varistor MOV4 and a gas discharge tube Q1, the first pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through the varistor MOV4, the second pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through the varistor MOV3, the third pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through the varistor MOV2, the sixth pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through the varistor MOV1, and the cathode of the gas discharge tube Q1 is connected to the ground of the switch casing.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary lightning protection module includes a diode D1 and a diode D2, the second pin on the secondary side of the network transformer of the switch is connected to the ground of the switch casing through the diode D1, and the seventh pin on the secondary side of the network transformer of the switch is connected to the ground of the switch casing through the diode D2.

[0010] Preferably, the diode D1 and the diode D2 are both semiconductor discharge tubes TSS.

[0011] Preferably, the three-stage lightning protection module includes a diode ESD1 and a diode ESD3, wherein both ends of the diode ESD1 are respectively connected to the ninth pin and the eleventh pin of the primary side of the network transformer, and both ends of the diode ESD3 are respectively connected to the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin of the primary side of the network transformer.

[0012] A switch comprises a casing and a lightning protection device of the switch.

[0013] Furthermore, the casing is a waterproof casing.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0015] The utility model discloses a lightning protection device for a switch. The lightning protection device is connected in series in the middle of a communication network cable, and different situations of lightning energy on different devices are processed. All lightning energy can be processed to achieve a better lightning protection effect. The lightning protection level is high, and the equipment at both ends of the lightning protection device can be fully protected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a signal block diagram of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the primary lightning protection module of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the secondary lightning protection module of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the three-stage lightning protection module of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, and the contents mentioned in the implementation modes are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0021] Embodiment 1:

[0022] This embodiment provides a lightning protection device for a switch, such as Figure 1 , including a primary lightning protection module, a secondary lightning protection module and a tertiary lightning protection module; the network interfaces at both ends of the switch are connected to the ground of the switch casing through the primary lightning protection module, and the primary lightning protection module is used to discharge the lightning energy to the ground of the switch casing; the secondary sides of the network transformers at both ends of the switch are connected to the ground of the switch casing through the secondary lightning protection module, and the secondary lightning protection module is used to discharge the lightning energy to the ground of the switch casing; the primary sides of the network transformers at both ends of the switch are connected to the tertiary lightning protection module, and the lightning energy is absorbed by the tertiary lightning protection module.

[0023] Specifically, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the internal structure of the switch is composed of a network interface PHJ1 (i.e., an RJ45 interface), a network transformer X1, a switch chip, a network transformer X2, and a network interface PHJ2. The lightning protection device is set between the two RJ45 interfaces, that is, the lightning protection device is connected in series in the middle of the communication network cables at both ends to process all lightning energy and improve the lightning protection level. Among them, the two network transformers are connected to corresponding secondary lightning protection modules and tertiary lightning protection modules, and the two RJ45 interfaces are connected to corresponding primary lightning protection modules.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, it is a connection schematic diagram of the primary lightning protection module, wherein the primary lightning protection module connected to the PHJ1 interface includes a varistor MOV1, a varistor MOV2, a varistor MOV3, a varistor MOV4 and a gas discharge tube Q1, the first pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through a varistor MOV4, the second pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through a varistor MOV3, the third pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through a varistor MOV2, the sixth pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through a varistor MOV1, and the cathode of the gas discharge tube Q1 is connected to the ground of the switch casing; similarly, the structure of the primary lightning protection module of the PHJ2 interface is the same as that of the primary lightning protection module of the PHJ1, including a varistor MOV5, a varistor MOV6, a varistor MOV7, a varistor MOV8 and a gas discharge tube Q1, and the specific connection method is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0025] like Figure 3 The figure shows the connection principle diagram of the secondary lightning protection module. The secondary lightning protection module of the network transformer X1 includes a diode D1 and a diode D2. The second pin on the secondary side of the switch's network transformer is connected to the ground of the switch chassis through the diode D1. The seventh pin on the secondary side of the switch's network transformer is connected to the ground of the switch chassis through the diode D2. Similarly, the secondary lightning protection module structure of the network transformer X2 is the same as that of the network transformer X1, including a diode D3 and a diode D4. The specific connection method is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, diode D1, diode D2, diode D3 and diode D4 are all semiconductor discharge tubes TSS.

[0026] like Figure 4 The figure shows the connection principle diagram of the three-level lightning protection module. The three-level lightning protection module of the network transformer X1 includes a diode ESD1 and a diode ESD3. The two ends of the diode ESD1 are respectively connected to the ninth pin and the eleventh pin of the primary side of the network transformer, and the two ends of the diode ESD3 are respectively connected to the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin of the primary side of the network transformer; the three-level lightning protection module of the network transformer X2 includes a diode ESD2 and a diode ESD4. The specific connection method is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0027] In this embodiment, two RJ45s are the input and output of the network, the network transformer isolates the input and output signals, and the switch chip stores and forwards the communication signals. The lightning protection working principle is as follows (the following description is based on the network input RJ45 port):

[0028] 1. When the lightning energy passes through the network cable or hits the network cable, when it reaches the network input RJ45, the signal lines 1, 2, 3, and 6 of RJ45 are each connected in parallel with a varistor (MOV1, MOV2, MOV3, MOV4) plus a gas discharge tube Q1. At this time, the lightning energy will first pass through the varistor and then the gas discharge tube to release most of the lightning energy to the ground of the chassis, and then be discharged to the ground by the grounding wire on the chassis; the working principle of the varistor (MOV5, MOV6, MOV7, MOV8) is the same as that of the varistor (MOV1, MOV2, MOV3, MOV4);

[0029] 2. When the lightning energy is too large and the residual voltage is very large, it is still possible to damage the back-end equipment. At this time, the TSS diodes (D1, D2) on the secondary side of the network transformer X1 play a secondary lightning protection role. When the discharge requirements are met (the residual voltage is greater than 72V), the TSS diodes (D1, D2) are turned on, which is equivalent to a short circuit, and the residual energy is discharged to the chassis ground through itself, and then discharged to the ground through the grounding wire on the chassis. The input and output network transformers have an isolation effect. Basically, there is little lightning energy left here; the working principle of the TSS diodes (D3, D4) is the same as that of the TSS diodes (D1, D2);

[0030] 3. When the energy of the network transformer changes quickly and is coupled to the primary of the network transformer, the ESD in the primary part (ESD1, ESD3, ESD2, ESD4) can absorb and process all the remaining coupled lightning energy to protect the chip on the primary side of the network transformer. ESD can clamp the operating voltage of the MDI signal line to 3.3V or lower, so as not to damage the switching chip.

[0031] Therefore, the lightning protection device of this embodiment is connected in series between the communication network cables, and has three-level lightning protection. The lightning protection level is high, and can achieve the effects of 20KV common mode and 10KV differential mode. It has lower cost, simpler design, and higher safety. It can discharge or absorb all the lightning energy of the network cable and can fully protect the equipment at both ends of the lightning protection device.

[0032] Embodiment 2:

[0033] This embodiment provides a switch, including a housing and the lightning protection device of the first embodiment, wherein the housing is a waterproof housing, so that it can be waterproof while having a higher registered lightning protection device, and is suitable for use in harsh outdoor environments and has a wide range of uses.

[0034] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in any form. Although the utility model is disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the utility model. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes by using the technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technology of the utility model, which does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the utility model, belongs to the scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A lightning protection device for a switch, characterized in that: It includes a primary lightning protection module, a secondary lightning protection module and a tertiary lightning protection module; the network interfaces at both ends of the switch are connected to the ground of the switch casing through the primary lightning protection module, and the primary lightning protection module is used to discharge the lightning energy to the ground of the switch casing; the secondary sides of the network transformers at both ends of the switch are connected to the ground of the switch casing through the secondary lightning protection module, and the secondary lightning protection module is used to discharge the lightning energy to the ground of the switch casing; the primary sides of the network transformers at both ends of the switch are connected to the tertiary lightning protection module, and the lightning energy is absorbed by the tertiary lightning protection module.

2. The lightning protection device for a switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary lightning protection module includes a varistor MOV1, a varistor MOV2, a varistor MOV3, a varistor MOV4 and a gas discharge tube Q1. The first pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through the varistor MOV4, the second pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through the varistor MOV3, the third pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through the varistor MOV2, the sixth pin of the network interface of the switch is connected to the anode of the gas discharge tube Q1 through the varistor MOV1, and the cathode of the gas discharge tube Q1 is connected to the ground of the switch casing.

3. The lightning protection device for a switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary lightning protection module includes a diode D1 and a diode D2. The second pin on the secondary side of the network transformer of the switch is connected to the ground of the switch casing through the diode D1. The seventh pin on the secondary side of the network transformer of the switch is connected to the ground of the switch casing through the diode D2.

4. The lightning protection device for a switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diode D1 and the diode D2 are both semiconductor discharge tubes TSS.

5. The lightning protection device for a switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-stage lightning protection module includes a diode ESD1 and a diode ESD3, wherein both ends of the diode ESD1 are respectively connected to the ninth pin and the eleventh pin of the primary side of the network transformer, and both ends of the diode ESD3 are respectively connected to the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin of the primary side of the network transformer.

6. A switch, comprising a housing, characterized in that: It also includes a lightning protection device for a switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The casing is a waterproof casing.

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