Coupler buffer device for heavy-load freight train

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heavy load freight train coupler buffer device, which comprises a friction mechanism, a buffer mechanism and a protection mechanism, the friction mechanism comprises a box body, the upper end of the box body is provided with an opening, the upper end of the box body is movably provided with a driven plate, and the bottom of the driven plate is provided with a central wedge block; the buffer mechanism comprises a spring installation seat, the spring installation seat is movably installed in the box body, and a reset spring is installed on the spring installation seat. When the buffer device is subjected to great impact force and causes the spring mounting seat to move, air in the box body can be compressed, and downward movement of the mounting seat can be limited along with gradual change of air pressure, so that the impact force borne by the buffer device is buffered, the friction mechanism and the buffer mechanism are ensured not to be subjected to limit compression by the impact force, and the service life of the friction mechanism and the buffer mechanism is prolonged. And the damage risk of related parts is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of coupler buffer devices, and in particular relates to a coupler buffer device for a heavy-load freight train. Background Art

[0002] The coupler buffer device is one of the most important parts of locomotives and vehicles, which is mainly composed of a coupler and a buffer. The coupler is used to achieve the connection between locomotives and vehicles, transmit traction and impact force, and keep a certain distance between vehicles. The buffer is used to mitigate the longitudinal impact and vibration caused by the change of locomotive traction during operation or the collision of vehicles during starting, braking and shunting operations, so as to dissipate the impact and vibration between vehicles, thereby reducing the damage to the vehicle structure and loaded cargo.

[0003] Existing coupler buffer devices mainly use friction mechanisms and buffer mechanisms to buffer the impact force between vehicles. Vehicles with heavier weights, especially coupler buffers used on heavy-duty freight trains, will be subjected to greater impact forces during use. In particular, when subjected to instantaneous and extremely large impact forces, the impact force on the friction mechanism and the buffer mechanism is extremely large, and there is a risk of damaging related components.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a heavy-load freight train coupler buffer device, which can solve the problem that the internal components of the buffer device will be damaged by impact when the buffer device is subjected to a large impact force.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by a specific embodiment of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A heavy-load freight train coupler buffer device, comprising:

[0008] The friction mechanism comprises a box body, the upper end of which is set to be open, the upper end of which is movably provided with a driven plate, and the bottom of which is provided with a central wedge block; when the buffer device is installed between carriages, the impact force between them will be transmitted to the central wedge block through the driven plate, and the central wedge block will transmit the impact force to the components in the box body, so that the impact force can be buffered by the components in the box body.

[0009] The buffer mechanism comprises a spring mounting seat, wherein the spring mounting seat is movably mounted in the box body, so that the spring mounting seat can move in the box body when pushed. The spring mounting seat is mounted with a return spring, which is mounted between the bottom wall plate of the central wedge block and the upper end wall plate of the spring mounting seat. The displacement of the central wedge block can be reset by the return spring, so that after the impact force disappears, the central wedge block can return to the position before the impact by the return spring. The bottom of the spring mounting seat is mounted with an inner spring and an outer spring, which are mounted between the bottom wall plate of the spring mounting seat and the bottom wall plate of the box body. When the friction mechanism is subjected to the impact force, the central wedge block compresses the return spring and the components in the box body are pushed, so that the impact force can be transmitted to the spring mounting seat, so that the spring mounting seat moves in the box body. When the spring mounting seat moves, the inner spring and the outer spring can be compressed, so that the inner spring and the outer spring buffer the impact force, so that the impact force received by the buffer device can be buffered under the action of the friction mechanism and the buffer mechanism.

[0010] The protective mechanism includes a vent hole, and a pair of vent holes are provided, and the pair of vent holes are opened on the bottom wall plate of the box. When the spring mounting seat moves in the box, the spring mounting seat will compress the air at the bottom of the box. In order to make the spring mounting seat slowly discharge the air in the box after compressing it, a pair of vent holes are provided at the bottom of the box, so as to limit the discharge amount of the air in the box through the pair of vent holes. When the spring mounting seat is subjected to a large impact, the spring mounting seat moves downward quickly, which will quickly compress the air in the box, so that the air pressure in the box rises, and the air pressure will limit the downward movement of the spring mounting seat, thereby buffering the downward movement of the spring mounting seat, so that the spring mounting seat can be auxiliary buffered by the air pressure, so that when the buffer device is subjected to a large impact force, the components in the box will not be compressed to the limit, thereby preventing the components in the box from being damaged by the impact force.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a pair of inner fixing plates are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the left and right side walls of the box body, and a pair of fixed inclined plates are fixedly connected between the front and rear sides of the box body.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the utility model, a movable plate is slidably connected between the pair of inner fixed plates and the pair of fixed inclined plates, and when the driven plate moves downward, the movable plate can push the movable plate to move downward, and when the movable plate contacts the spring mounting seat, the spring mounting seat can be pushed to move downward. Wedge blocks are movably installed between the left and right side walls of the central wedge block and the pair of fixed inclined plates.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, inclined portions are provided on both sides of the bottom of the central wedge block, and an inclined protrusion is provided on the side of the wedge block close to the central wedge block, and the inclined protrusion abuts against the inclined portion, so that when the central wedge block moves downward, it can push the wedge block to move downward, and when the wedge block moves downward, the interaction between the inclined surface of the fixed inclined plate and the wedge block can increase the resistance of the central wedge block when moving downward.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the utility model, a copper bar is crimped on the side wall of the wedge block close to the central wedge block. The copper bar is arranged between the wedge block and the central wedge block. The copper bar plays a role of fixing and lubrication, and plays an active role in preventing jamming between the components of the friction mechanism.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a sealing layer is provided on the four side walls of the spring mounting seat, and the sealing layer is provided between the inner side wall of the box body and the outer side wall of the spring mounting seat, so that when the spring mounting seat slides downward in the box body, the spring mounting seat compresses the air in the box body, and the air will not leak from the gap between the spring mounting seat and the box body, so that the compression of the spring mounting seat will increase the air pressure in the box body.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the vent hole is 1 / 200 to 1 / 500 of the inner diameter of the box, so that when the spring mounting seat moves quickly in the box, the pressure in the box cannot be discharged through the vent hole, thereby increasing the air pressure in the box, and the movement of the spring mounting seat can be buffered by the air pressure. When the spring mounting seat moves normally, the air will be discharged through the vent hole.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a pair of mounting shells are installed at the bottom of the box body, and the pair of mounting shells are respectively arranged at the bottom of the vent holes. When the spring mounting seat rises in the box body, external air needs to enter the box body, so the air entering the box body is filtered through the mounting shells.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the mounting shell includes a first mounting shell and a second mounting shell, and through holes are formed in the first mounting shell and the second mounting shell.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the utility model, a filter is installed between the first mounting shell and the second mounting shell, and the filter can filter the air entering the spring mounting seat. At the same time, the air pressure passing through the filter will be relatively high, so the filter should be a metal filter. At the same time, the air entering and exiting the vent hole can realize the recoil cleaning of impurities intercepted on the filter, avoiding clogging of the filter when in use. The end cover of the mounting shell away from the box body is connected to a cover, and the filter can be disassembled and replaced through the cover.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, when the buffer device in the utility model is subjected to a great impact force causing the spring mounting seat to move, the air in the box can be compressed. As the air pressure gradually increases, the downward movement of the mounting seat will be limited, thereby buffering the impact force received by the buffer device, ensuring that the friction mechanism and the buffer mechanism will not be compressed to the limit by the impact force, thereby reducing the risk of damage to related components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a heavy-load freight train coupler buffer device in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a heavy-load freight train coupler buffer device in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a heavy-load freight train coupler buffer device in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 In one embodiment of the utility model Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the protection mechanism in one embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] Description of main reference numerals:

[0028] 1-friction mechanism, 11-box, 12-driven plate, 13-center wedge, 14-inner fixed plate, 15-fixed inclined plate, 16-movable plate, 17-wedge, 18-copper bar, 2-buffer mechanism, 21-spring mounting seat, 22-support block, 23-reset spring, 24-inner spring, 25-outer spring, 26-sealing layer, 3-protection mechanism, 31-vent, 32-mounting shell, 3201-first mounting shell, 3202-second mounting shell, 3203-through hole, 33-filter, 34-cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, a heavy-load freight train coupler buffer device in one embodiment of the utility model includes a friction mechanism 1, a buffer mechanism 2 and a protection mechanism 3.

[0031] like Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, the friction mechanism 1 includes a box body 11, the upper end of the box body 11 is set to be open, the upper end of the box body 11 is movably provided with a driven plate 12, and the bottom of the driven plate 12 is provided with a central wedge block 13; when the buffer device is installed between the carriages, the impact force between them will be transmitted to the central wedge block 13 through the driven plate 12, and the central wedge block 13 will transmit the impact force to the components in the box body 11, so that the impact force can be buffered by the components in the box body 11.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the buffer mechanism 2 includes a spring mounting seat 21, which is movably mounted in the box body 11, so that the spring mounting seat 21 can move in the box body 11 when pushed. A return spring 23 is mounted on the spring mounting seat 21, and the return spring 23 is installed between the bottom wall plate of the central wedge block 13 and the upper end wall plate of the spring mounting seat 21. The displacement of the central wedge block 13 can be reset by the return spring 23, so that after the impact force disappears, the central wedge block 13 can return to the position before the impact through the action of the return spring 23. An inner spring 24 and an outer spring 25 are installed at the bottom of the spring mounting seat 21. The inner spring 24 and the outer spring 25 are installed between the bottom wall plate of the spring mounting seat 21 and the bottom wall plate of the box body 11. When the friction mechanism 1 is subjected to an impact force, the central wedge block 13 compresses the return spring 23 and pushes the components in the box body 11, so that the impact force can be transmitted to the spring mounting seat 21, so that the spring mounting seat 21 moves in the box body 11. When the spring mounting seat 21 moves, the inner spring 24 and the outer spring 25 can be compressed, so that the inner spring 24 and the outer spring 25 buffer the impact force, so that the impact force received by the buffer device can be buffered under the action of the friction mechanism 1 and the buffer mechanism 2.

[0033] like Figure 2 to Figure 5As shown, the protection mechanism 3 includes a pair of vent holes 31, which are provided on the bottom wall plate of the box body 11. When the spring mounting seat 21 moves in the box body 11, the spring mounting seat 21 will compress the air at the bottom of the box body 11. In order to allow the spring mounting seat 21 to slowly discharge the air in the box body 11 after compressing it, a pair of vent holes 31 are provided at the bottom of the box body 11, so as to limit the discharge amount of the air in the box body 11 through the pair of vent holes 31.

[0034] Preferably, when the spring mounting seat 21 is subjected to a large impact, causing the spring mounting seat 21 to move downward rapidly, the air in the box body 11 will be quickly compressed, causing the air pressure in the box body 11 to rise, and the air pressure will limit the downward movement of the spring mounting seat 21, thereby buffering the downward movement of the spring mounting seat 21, so that the spring mounting seat 21 can be auxiliary buffered by air pressure, thereby preventing the components in the box body 11 from being compressed to the limit when the buffer device is subjected to a large impact force, thereby preventing the components in the box body 11 from being damaged by the impact force.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a pair of inner fixing plates 14 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the left and right side walls of the box body 11 , and a pair of fixing inclined plates 15 are fixedly connected between the front and rear sides of the box body 11 .

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a pair of inner fixed plates 14 are respectively connected to a pair of fixed inclined plates 15 with movable plates 16 slidably connected therebetween. When the driven plate 12 moves downward, the movable plate 16 can be pushed downward. When the movable plate 16 contacts the spring mounting seat 21, the spring mounting seat 21 can be pushed downward. Wedge blocks 17 are movably installed between the left and right side walls of the central wedge block 13 and the pair of fixed inclined plates 15, respectively.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, inclined portions are provided on both sides of the bottom of the center wedge block 13, and an inclined protrusion is provided on the side of the wedge block 17 close to the center wedge block 13. The inclined protrusion abuts against the inclined portion, so that when the center wedge block 13 moves downward, it can push the wedge block 17 to move downward. When the wedge block 17 moves downward, the interaction between the inclined surface of the fixed inclined plate 15 and the wedge block 17 can increase the resistance of the center wedge block 13 when it moves downward.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, a copper strip 18 is crimped onto the side wall of the wedge block 17 close to the central wedge block 13 . The copper strip 18 is arranged between the wedge block 17 and the central wedge block 13 . The copper strip 18 plays a role of fixing and lubrication, and plays an active role in preventing the components of the friction mechanism 1 from getting stuck.

[0039] like Figure 3As shown, sealing layers 26 are provided on the surrounding side walls of the spring mounting seat 21, and the sealing layers 26 are provided between the inner side wall of the box body 11 and the outer side wall of the spring mounting seat 21, so that when the spring mounting seat 21 slides downward in the box body 11, the spring mounting seat 21 compresses the air in the box body 11, and the air will not leak from the gap between the spring mounting seat 21 and the box body 11, so that the compression of the spring mounting seat 21 will increase the air pressure in the box body 11.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, a pair of support blocks 22 are installed on the spring mounting seat 21, and the spring mounting seat 21 contacts the lower end of the wedge block 17 through the pair of support blocks 22.

[0041] Preferably, the diameter of the vent hole 31 is 1 / 200 to 1 / 500 of the inner diameter of the box body 11, so that when the spring mounting seat 21 moves quickly in the box body 11, the pressure in the box body 11 cannot be discharged through the vent hole 31, so that the air pressure in the box body 11 increases, and the movement of the spring mounting seat 21 can be buffered by the air pressure. When the spring mounting seat 21 moves normally, the air will be discharged through the vent hole 31.

[0042] like Figure 3 to Figure 5 As shown, a pair of mounting shells 32 are installed at the bottom of the box body 11, and the pair of mounting shells 32 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the vent hole 31. When the spring mounting seat 21 rises in the box body 11, the outside air needs to enter the box body 11, so the air entering the box body 11 is filtered through the mounting shells 32.

[0043] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the installation shell 32 includes a first installation shell 3201 and a second installation shell 3202 , and a through hole 3203 is formed in both the first installation shell 3201 and the second installation shell 3202 .

[0044] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a filter screen 33 is installed between the first mounting shell 3201 and the second mounting shell 3202. The filter screen 33 can filter the air entering the spring mounting seat 21. At the same time, the air pressure passing through the filter screen 33 will be relatively high, so the filter screen 33 should be a metal filter screen. At the same time, the air entering and exiting the vent hole 31 can realize the backwash cleaning of the impurities intercepted on the filter screen 33, avoiding the clogging of the filter screen 33 when in use. The end cover of the mounting shell 32 away from the box body 11 is connected to a cover 34, through which the filter screen 33 can be disassembled and replaced.

[0045] During use, when the heavy-load freight train carriage is impacted, the driven plate 12 will push the central wedge 13 to move, so that the central wedge 13 pushes the wedge 17 to slide on the inclined surface of the fixed inclined plate 15, and the movement of the central wedge 13 is limited by the action between the fixed inclined plate 15 and the wedge 17; and the driven plate 12 will push the movable plate 16 to move, and the spring mounting seat 21 will be pushed to move by the movable plate 16. When the spring mounting seat 21 moves, the inner spring 24 and the outer spring 25 will be compressed to buffer the movement of the spring mounting seat 21; at the same time, the movement of the spring mounting seat 21 will compress the air in the box body 11, so that the air pressure in the box body 11 increases, and the air pressure will limit the movement of the spring mounting seat 21, so that the impact force can be buffered, and the components in the friction mechanism 1 and the buffer mechanism 2 are prevented from being damaged by extreme compression.

[0046] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0047] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device, characterized in that: include: The friction mechanism comprises a box body, the upper end of which is set to be open, a driven plate is movably provided on the upper end of the box body, and a central wedge is provided on the bottom of the driven plate; The buffer mechanism comprises a spring mounting seat, the spring mounting seat is movably mounted in the box body, a return spring is mounted on the spring mounting seat, the return spring is mounted between the bottom wall plate of the central wedge block and the upper end wall plate of the spring mounting seat, an inner spring and an outer spring are mounted at the bottom of the spring mounting seat, and the inner spring and the outer spring are mounted between the bottom wall plate of the spring mounting seat and the bottom wall plate of the box body; The protection mechanism comprises a pair of vent holes, wherein the vent holes are provided and the pair of vent holes are opened on the bottom wall plate of the box body.

2. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of inner fixing plates are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the left and right side walls of the box body, and a pair of fixing inclined plates are fixedly connected between the front and rear sides of the box body.

3. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A movable plate is slidably connected between the pair of inner fixed plates and the pair of fixed inclined plates, and a wedge block is movably installed between the left and right side walls of the central wedge block and the pair of fixed inclined plates.

4. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the bottom of the central wedge block are both provided with inclined parts, and the side of the wedge block close to the central wedge block is provided with an inclined protrusion, and the inclined protrusion abuts against the inclined part.

5. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A copper bar is pressed onto the side wall of the wedge block close to the central wedge block, and the copper bar is arranged between the wedge block and the central wedge block.

6. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding side walls of the spring mounting seat are all provided with sealing layers, and the sealing layers are arranged between the inner side wall of the box body and the outer side wall of the spring mounting seat.

7. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the vent hole is 1 / 200 to 1 / 500 of the inner diameter of the box.

8. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pair of mounting shells are installed at the bottom of the box body, and the pair of mounting shells are respectively arranged at the bottom of the vent holes.

9. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The installation shell comprises a first installation shell and a second installation shell, and both the first installation shell and the second installation shell are provided with through holes.

10. A heavy-duty freight train coupler buffer device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A filter screen is installed between the first installation shell and the second installation shell, and an end of the installation shell away from the box body is covered with a lid.

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