Multi-stage distillation brackish water purification device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and discloses a multi-stage distillation brackish water purification device which mainly comprises a distillation system, a solar power generation system and a water collection and post-treatment system, the distillation system comprises a distillation container formed by sequentially nesting and stacking a plurality of evaporation shells, a plurality of evaporation and condensation cavities formed in the distillation container are respectively provided with a water absorption film to form an evaporation surface and a condensation surface, and the evaporation surfaces and the condensation surfaces are used for performing multi-stage distillation on the salt water introduced into the salt water storage device to obtain fresh water and salt water; the solar power generation system is responsible for supplying power for the operation of the whole device, collecting and converting solar energy and storing the solar energy in a storage battery in an electric energy form; the water collection and post-treatment system is mainly used for fresh water recovery and further disinfection, distilled fresh water is collected in a fresh water tank by a collection container, undistilled saline water is collected for recycling, and an ultraviolet disinfection lamp is arranged in the fresh water tank to further treat the fresh water and kill bacteria and viruses in the water, so that the fresh water reaches the drinking standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and specifically relates to a brackish water treatment and purification device. Background Art

[0002] Water is the basis for human survival, but nearly 97.5% of the water resources on the earth are salt water, and only 2.5% are fresh water. Salt water contains a large amount of heavy metal ions and harmful impurities, tastes bitter, and is difficult to drink directly. Long-term drinking may cause gastrointestinal diseases. In order to alleviate the problem of fresh water shortage in water-scarce areas, brackish water desalination equipment is currently used to purify salt water to drinkable standards.

[0003] However, the existing brackish water desalination equipment still has many shortcomings. For example, Chinese patent application CN108439675A discloses a solar water desalination comprehensive utilization system and method, which has the disadvantage that the traditional solar panels are used, the solar energy utilization efficiency is not high, and the desalination rate can only be accelerated when the solar radiation is the strongest in a day. Chinese patent application CN102863095A discloses a seawater and brackish water desalination system, which has the disadvantage that its reverse osmosis desalination does not have distillation, and the purity of the desalinated water is not high; and it uses ozone disinfection, which will produce harmful tail gas and by-product bromate.

[0004] It can be seen that the existing brackish water desalination equipment on the market is large in size and expensive, which is not suitable for promotion to every household and cannot meet the water demand of the majority of residents in water-scarce areas. In addition, the existing solar water desalination technology has low solar energy utilization efficiency and can only accelerate the desalination rate when the solar radiation is the strongest, and cannot provide desalinated water continuously and stably. At the same time, traditional seawater and brackish water desalination systems often use reverse osmosis technology, which has low purity of desalinated water and also produces harmful tail gas and by-products. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a multi-stage distillation brackish water purification device, which can improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization, achieve a continuous and stable supply of desalinated water, and will not produce harmful exhaust gas and by-products, thereby providing residents in water-scarce areas with an economical, practical, environmentally friendly and energy-saving drinking water solution.

[0006] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides a brackish water purification device with multi-stage distillation, including a distillation system, a solar power generation system, and a water collection and post-processing system;

[0008] The distillation system comprises a distillation container, which is composed of N evaporation shells of the same shape and different sizes, wherein the N evaporation shells are in the shape of a cone or a truncated cone; the N evaporation shells are nested and stacked from inside to outside in order of size from small to large, and there is a spacing between adjacent evaporation shells to form N-1 evaporation and condensation chambers;

[0009] The outer surface of the outermost evaporation shell is affixed with a heat preservation sheet, and the inner surface of the innermost evaporation shell is affixed with an electric heating sheet; the outer surface of each evaporation shell is an evaporation surface, and the inner surface is a condensation surface; except for the outer surface of the outermost evaporation shell and the inner surface of the innermost evaporation shell, each evaporation surface and each condensation surface is affixed with a water-absorbing film of uniform thickness;

[0010] A water valve is disposed at the top of the N evaporation shells, and the water valve is respectively connected to the N-1 evaporation condensation chambers, and can adjust the water flow rate entering each evaporation condensation chamber; the water valve is also connected to the water outlet of the salt water storage tank, and is used to allow the salt water in the salt water storage tank to flow into the distillation container;

[0011] An annular water trough is provided at the bottom of the distillation container, and the annular water trough is divided into N-1 groups of annular channels, each group of the annular channels includes an inner circle of fresh water troughs and an outer circle, and each group of the annular channels corresponds to each of the evaporation and condensation chambers one by one; each annular channel of the annular water trough transports the distilled fresh water or salt water to the corresponding fresh water collection container and brackish water collection container through a hose;

[0012] The solar power generation system comprises a solar panel, which is connected to the input end of the battery and can convert the solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the battery; the output end of the battery is connected to the electric heating sheet and the ultraviolet disinfection lamp;

[0013] The water collection and post-processing system includes the fresh water collection container and the brackish water collection container, wherein the fresh water collection container is equipped with an ultraviolet disinfection lamp; the fresh water collection container is used to collect the fresh water discharged from the distillation system, and the brackish water collection container is used to collect the salt water discharged from the distillation system.

[0014] Preferably, N is within the range of 2-4.

[0015] Preferably, the distances between any two adjacent evaporation shells are equal.

[0016] Preferably, the heat-insulating sheets are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the evaporation shell, and the electric heating sheets are evenly arranged on the inner surface of the evaporation shell.

[0017] Preferably, the water-absorbing film has a uniform thickness of 1-3 mm.

[0018] Preferably, a salt water filter membrane is provided at the connection between the water outlet of the salt water storage tank and the water valve.

[0019] Preferably, a Fresnel lens is installed above the solar panel.

[0020] Preferably, the solar panel is equipped with an automatic light-chasing device, which is connected to the output end of the battery.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] The utility model adopts multi-stage distillation technology, making full use of the condensation latent heat released in the distillation process of salt water. Under the condition of providing the same amount of heat, the water output is higher than that of single-layer distillation, which improves the output rate of pure water and realizes multi-stage utilization of energy. At the same time, the device adopts the measures of membrane filtration and ultraviolet lamp disinfection outside the distillation process, which effectively reduces the harmful substances and impurities in the pure water and improves the taste and quality of the water. The device is easy to install and simple to operate. It is suitable for most household conditions and can be used to meet the normal water supply needs of the family. At the same time, the cost recovery period is short, and it has good sustainability and high profit margins. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brackish water purification device provided by the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a distillation container in a brackish water purification device provided by the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular water tank in the brackish water purification device.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Fresnel lens; 2. Solar panel; 3. Automatic light tracking device; 4. Battery; 5. Fresh water collection container; 6. Bitter and salty water collection container; 7. Ultraviolet disinfection lamp; 8. Distillation system, 801. Distillation container; 802. Water-absorbing film; 803. Insulation sheet; 804. Electric heating sheet; 805. Water valve; 806. Annular water tank; 8061. Fresh water tank; 8062. Bitter and salty water tank; 9. Salt water filtration membrane; 10. Salt water storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples. The following examples can enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the utility model is a multi-stage distillation brackish water purification device, which mainly includes a distillation system, a solar power generation system, and a water collection and post-processing system.

[0029] The distillation system includes a distillation container 8 , and the distillation container 8 includes an evaporation shell 801 , a heat-insulating sheet 802 , an electric heating sheet 803 , a water-absorbing film 804 , a water valve 805 , and an annular water tank 806 .

[0030] The distillation container 8 includes N evaporation shells 801 made of stainless steel, and the shapes of the N evaporation shells 801 are all conical cylinders or truncated cone cylinders. Generally, N is in the range of 2-4. N evaporation shells 801 of the same shape are nested and stacked from inside to outside in order of size from small to large, and there is a spacing between adjacent evaporation shells 801 to form N-1 evaporation and condensation chambers. Generally, the spacing between every two adjacent evaporation shells 801 is equal.

[0031] The outer surface of the outermost evaporation shell 801 is evenly affixed with a heat preservation sheet 802 to reduce the heat loss inside the evaporation shell 801. The inner surface of the innermost evaporation shell 801 is evenly affixed with an electric heating sheet 803 to continuously provide heat for the distillation process. The outer surface of each evaporation shell 801 is an evaporation surface, and the inner surface is a condensation surface. Excluding the outer surface of the outermost evaporation shell 801 and the inner surface of the innermost evaporation shell 801, N evaporation shells 801 have a total of N-1 evaporation surfaces and N-1 condensation surfaces, and each evaporation surface and each condensation surface are affixed with a water-absorbing film 804 of uniform thickness. Preferably, the thickness of the water-absorbing material film 802 is 1-3 mm.

[0032] The tops of the N evaporation shells 801 are provided with water valves 805, which are respectively connected to the N-1 evaporation and condensation chambers and can adjust the water flow rate entering each evaporation and condensation chamber. The upper end of the water valve 805 is connected to the water outlet of the salt water storage 10, so as to allow the salt water in the salt water storage 10 to flow into the distillation container 8. The connection between the water outlet of the salt water storage 10 and the water valve 805 is provided with a salt water filter membrane 9, which is used for preliminary filtering of the salt water.

[0033] An annular water tank 806 is provided at the bottom of the distillation container 801. The annular water tank 806 is divided into N-1 groups of annular channels. Each group of annular channels includes an inner circle of fresh water tank 8061 and an outer circle of bitter and salty water tank 8062. Each group of annular channels corresponds to each evaporation and condensation chamber. A hose is connected to the water outlet of each annular channel of the annular water tank 806, and the distilled fresh water or salty water is transported to the corresponding fresh water collection container 5 and bitter and salty water collection container 6 through the hose.

[0034] The working principle of the distillation system 8 is as follows: the outer surface of the innermost evaporation shell 801 is the first evaporation surface, and the outer surface of the evaporation shell 801 is arranged as the second evaporation surface, the third evaporation surface, etc., until the N-1 evaporation surface (the outer surface of the second evaporation shell 801 from the outside to the inside); the inner surface of the second evaporation shell 801 is the first condensation surface, and the inner surface of the evaporation shell 801 is arranged as the second condensation surface, the third condensation surface, etc., until the N-1 condensation surface (the inner surface of the outermost evaporation shell 801). After the device is started, the electric heating plate 804 starts to heat, and the salt water storage 10 at the top starts to transport untreated brackish water to the water valve 805, which is first filtered through the salt water filter membrane 9. Then, a certain amount of brackish water is provided to each evaporation and condensation chamber through the water valve 805. After entering the evaporation and condensation chamber, the brackish water is adsorbed into the water-absorbing film 804 laid on each evaporation surface to form a salt water liquid film. The heat emitted by the electric heating plate 804 is transferred to the salt water film on the surface of the first evaporation surface through heat conduction. The salt water film evaporates under the heat to form water vapor. The water vapor condenses on the first condensation surface to form fresh water, which is adsorbed in the water-absorbing film 804 laid on the first condensation surface. At the same time, the condensation latent heat is released to heat the salt water film on the second evaporation surface, and condenses into fresh water on the corresponding second condensation surface... until the condensation latent heat released on the N-1 condensation surface is lost to the environment in the form of radiation heat exchange and convection heat exchange. After the whole process is completed, the generated fresh water will flow into the fresh water tank at the bottom along all the condensation surfaces, and all the salt water that has not evaporated on the evaporation surface will flow into the bitter and salty water tank at the bottom for recycling.

[0035] The solar power generation system is responsible for the power supply of the entire device, and is mainly composed of a solar panel 2 and a battery 4. The solar panel 2 is connected to the input end of the battery 4, and can convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the battery 4. The battery 4 can power the electric heating plate 803 of the distillation system and the ultraviolet disinfection lamp 7 in the water collection and post-processing system.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, a Fresnel lens 1 is installed above the solar panel 2, and the installation distance between the Fresnel lens 1 and the solar panel 2 refers to the focal length of the Fresnel lens 1 used. The Fresnel lens 1 is used to achieve light concentration and enhance the light intensity irradiated on the solar panel 1, which improves the utilization rate of solar energy compared with traditional solar power generation technology, so as to meet the power requirements of various functions of the device and realize autonomous and independent work.

[0037] As a preferred implementation, an automatic light-chasing device 3 can be installed under the solar panel according to actual needs, and the automatic light-chasing device 3 can be powered by a battery 4.

[0038] The water collection and post-processing system includes at least a fresh water collection container 5 and a brackish water collection container 6, which are mainly used for fresh water recovery and further disinfection. The distilled fresh water is collected in the fresh water collection container 5, and the undistilled salt water is collected in the brackish water collection container 6 for recycling. The fresh water collection container 5 is equipped with an ultraviolet disinfection lamp 7 for further processing the fresh water, killing bacteria and viruses in the water to make it meet the drinking standard.

[0039] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms of specific changes without departing from the scope of protection of the invention and the claims, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brackish water purification device for multi-stage distillation, characterized in that: Including distillation system, solar power generation system, water collection and post-processing system; The distillation system comprises a distillation container, which is composed of N evaporation shells of the same shape and different sizes, wherein the N evaporation shells are in the shape of a cone or a truncated cone; the N evaporation shells are nested and stacked from inside to outside in order of size from small to large, and there is a spacing between adjacent evaporation shells to form N-1 evaporation and condensation chambers; The outer surface of the outermost evaporation shell is affixed with a heat preservation sheet, and the inner surface of the innermost evaporation shell is affixed with an electric heating sheet; the outer surface of each evaporation shell is an evaporation surface, and the inner surface is a condensation surface; except for the outer surface of the outermost evaporation shell and the inner surface of the innermost evaporation shell, each evaporation surface and each condensation surface is affixed with a water-absorbing film of uniform thickness; A water valve is disposed at the top of the N evaporation shells, and the water valve is respectively connected to the N-1 evaporation condensation chambers, and can adjust the water flow rate entering each evaporation condensation chamber; the water valve is also connected to the water outlet of the salt water storage tank, and is used to allow the salt water in the salt water storage tank to flow into the distillation container; An annular water trough is provided at the bottom of the distillation container, and the annular water trough is divided into N-1 groups of annular channels, each group of the annular channels includes an inner circle of fresh water troughs and an outer circle, and each group of the annular channels corresponds to each of the evaporation and condensation chambers one by one; each annular channel of the annular water trough transports the distilled fresh water or salt water to the corresponding fresh water collection container and brackish water collection container through a hose; The solar power generation system comprises a solar panel, which is connected to the input end of the battery and can convert the solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the battery; the output end of the battery is connected to the electric heating sheet and the ultraviolet disinfection lamp; The water collection and post-processing system includes the fresh water collection container and the brackish water collection container, wherein the fresh water collection container is equipped with an ultraviolet disinfection lamp; the fresh water collection container is used to collect the fresh water discharged from the distillation system, and the brackish water collection container is used to collect the salt water discharged from the distillation system.

2. A brackish water purification device for multi-stage distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The value of N is in the range of 2-4.

3. A brackish water purification device for multi-stage distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distances between any two adjacent evaporation shells are equal.

4. A brackish water purification device for multi-stage distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat preservation sheets are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the evaporation shell, and the electric heating sheets are evenly arranged on the inner surface of the evaporation shell.

5. A brackish water purification device for multi-stage distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the water-absorbing film is uniform, and is 1-3 mm.

6. A brackish water purification device for multi-stage distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A salt water filter membrane is provided at the connection between the water outlet of the salt water storage device and the water valve.

7. A brackish water purification device for multi-stage distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Fresnel lens is installed above the solar panel.

8. The brackish water purification device of multi-stage distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panel is equipped with an automatic light-chasing device, and the automatic light-chasing device is connected to the output end of the battery.

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