System for recycling and treating aluminum electrolysis carbon residues

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis carbon residue recycling, and particularly relates to a system for recycling aluminum electrolysis carbon residues, which comprises a cooling device, a conveying device, a crushing device, a stirring device, a batching device and a solid-liquid separation device, and a discharge port of the cooling device is in butt joint with a feed port of the conveying device; a discharge port of the conveying equipment is in butt joint with a feed port of the crushing equipment; a discharge port of the crushing equipment is in butt joint with a feed port of the stirring equipment, and the batching equipment is connected to the feed port of the stirring equipment through a batching pipeline; the stirring equipment is used for stirring the crushed carbon residues and auxiliary ingredients; and a discharge port of the stirring equipment is in butt joint with a feed port of the solid-liquid separation equipment. According to the system, the carbon residues fished out in the electrolysis production link are treated by the process equipment and the low-temperature oxidation catalyst and then are returned to the electrolytic cell for use, and the consumption of aluminum fluoride in the electrolytic cell is reduced by circularly treating the carbon residues and recycling electrolyte in the carbon residues.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis carbon slag recovery, in particular to a system for recovering and processing aluminum electrolysis carbon slag. Background Art

[0002] The aluminum electrolysis production process requires carbon anodes to participate in the redox reaction. In the production process, in addition to the reaction to generate gas, the oxidation of the anode and the scouring of the electrolyte cause some carbon particles that do not participate in the electrolysis reaction to fall off from the anode into the electrolytic cell. The fallen carbon particles are soaked and penetrated by the electrolyte for a long time, forming mixed floating materials floating on the electrolyte surface, which is called carbon slag in the industry.

[0003] At present, the main treatment processes for aluminum electrolytic carbon slag are wet method and pyrolysis method. However, there are safety issues such as the impact of fluorine volatilization on the environment and the corrosion and harm to production system equipment during the treatment process; the impact of various trace or excess elements and recombinants contained in hazardous waste on the long-term safety performance of recycled products; and the impact of recycled poisons and unknown pollutants in the treatment process on the surrounding environment. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the utility model provides a system for recycling and treating aluminum electrolytic carbon slag.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0006] A system for recycling and processing aluminum electrolytic carbon slag, comprising cooling equipment, conveying equipment, crushing equipment, stirring equipment, batching equipment and solid-liquid separation equipment, wherein the discharge port of the cooling equipment is connected to the feed port of the conveying equipment; the discharge port of the conveying equipment is connected to the feed port of the crushing equipment; the discharge port of the crushing equipment is connected to the feed port of the stirring equipment, and the batching equipment is connected to the feed port of the stirring equipment through a batching pipeline; the stirring equipment is used to stir the crushed carbon slag and auxiliary ingredients; the discharge port of the stirring equipment is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation equipment.

[0007] Optionally, the solid-liquid separation equipment includes a solid discharge port and a liquid discharge port, and the liquid discharge port is connected to the batching equipment through a circulation pipeline.

[0008] Optionally, the solid-liquid separation equipment is a vibrating screening machine.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a stacking platform, which is arranged close to the feed inlet of the cooling equipment.

[0010] Optionally, the cooling device includes a conical feed pipe, a side of the feed pipe close to the stacking platform is open to form a feed port, and a dust-proof curtain is provided on the feed port; a cooling spray device is provided on the upper part of the feed pipe.

[0011] Optionally, the system for recycling and processing aluminum electrolytic carbon slag also includes a first vibrating screen, and the feed port of the first vibrating screen is arranged opposite to the discharge port of the discharge pipe; the conveying equipment is a first-stage belt conveyor, and the carbon slag at the discharge port of the first vibrating screen falls onto the belt.

[0012] Optionally, the stirring device is a drum mixer.

[0013] The system for recycling and processing aluminum electrolytic carbon slag also includes a buffer material box. The discharge port of the crushing equipment and the buffer material box are arranged opposite each other. The discharge port of the buffer material box is arranged opposite to the secondary belt conveyor. The secondary belt conveyor is used to transport materials to the interior of the crushing equipment.

[0014] Optionally, the system for recycling and treating aluminum electrolytic carbon slag also includes dust recovery equipment, which includes a main pipe, branch pipe one, branch pipe two, branch pipe three, branch pipe four, and branch pipe five, the two ends of branch pipe one are respectively connected to a crushing device and a solid-liquid separation device, one end of branch pipe two is connected to branch pipe one, and the other end is connected to branch pipe three, branch pipe three is connected to a first vibrating screen, branch pipe four is obliquely arranged on the side wall of the feed pipe, and branch pipe four is connected to branch pipe two; one end of branch pipe five is connected to branch pipe one, and the other end is connected to a buffer material box; the main pipe is connected to branch pipe two, and an exhaust fan is connected to the main pipe.

[0015] Optionally, a pushing mechanism is provided on the stacking platform, and the pushing mechanism includes a lifting mechanism, a transverse mechanism and a pushing plate. Lifting mechanisms are provided on both sides of the stacking platform, and the lifting mechanism and the transverse mechanism are connected for transmission, and the transverse mechanism and the pushing plate are connected for transmission.

[0016] The utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. In the present utility model, in combination with the actual situation of electrolytic production, the carbon slag fished out in the electrolytic production process is processed by process-based equipment and low-temperature oxidation catalyst, and then returned to the electrolytic cell for use. The heat of the electrolytic cell is used to achieve thorough oxidation and decomposition of the carbon material in the carbon slag. The gas is collected and treated by the purification system on the electrolytic cell and then discharged in compliance with the standards. The decomposed residue is mainly electrolyte and fluoride, which enter the material circulation system of electrolysis. By recycling the carbon slag and recycling the electrolyte in the carbon slag, the consumption of aluminum fluoride in the electrolytic cell is reduced.

[0018] Second, the system has a short process, few equipment, no carbon mud waste residue is generated, and the real meaning of zero waste residue discharge is achieved. The oxidation residue is regenerated cryolite, which has great recycling value and good economic benefits.

[0019] 3. Compared with the traditional pyrometallurgical process, the advantages are: no gaseous fluoride pollution, and the electrolytic flue gas purification system is well utilized in the production process. The low-temperature oxidation pyrometallurgical process has almost no corrosion effect on the furnace lining, and the expected life of the electrolytic cell equipment is long. The waste slag after low-temperature oxidation pyrometallurgical treatment is regenerated cryolite, and the catalyst has no effect on electrolysis and can be returned to the electrolytic cell for use. The processing cost is low, the energy consumption is low, and the calorific value of carbon is fully utilized, which is suitable for large-scale industrial applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A system flow chart for recycling and treating aluminum electrolytic carbon slag provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 An enlarged view of a part of the system for recycling and treating aluminum electrolytic carbon slag provided by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 A front view of the platform and cooling device provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Right view of;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure in the middle;

[0025] Icons: 1-stacking platform, 11-cylinder one, 12-piston rod one, 13-cylinder two, 14-piston rod two, 15-push plate, 16-guide cylinder, 17-connecting rod, 18-joint, 2-cooling equipment, 21-spray main pipe, 22-spray head assembly, 23-dust curtain, 3-first vibrating screen, 31-hood one, 32-branch pipe three, 33-branch pipe four, 4-conveying equipment, 5-crushing equipment, 51-branch pipe one, 52-branch pipe two, 53-main pipe, 6-mixing equipment, 61-batching pipeline, 62-batching equipment, 63-circulating pipeline, 7-solid-liquid separation equipment, 71-carbon slag discharge port, 8-buffer material box, 81-branch pipe five, 9-secondary belt conveyor, 91-hood two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a system for recycling and processing aluminum electrolytic carbon slag includes cooling equipment 2, conveying equipment 4, crushing equipment 5, stirring equipment 6, batching equipment 62 and solid-liquid separation equipment 7.

[0030] The cooling device 2 is used to cool the hot carbon slag fished out of the electrolytic cell, and the crushing device 5 is used to crush the cooled carbon slag into carbon slag particles with a particle size of 5 mm; the batching device 62 is used to transport the auxiliary ingredients to the stirring device 6, and the stirring device 6 is used to stir the crushed carbon slag and the auxiliary ingredients; the solid-liquid separation device 7 is used to separate the solid material and the liquid material.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the discharge port of the cooling device 2 is connected to the feed port of the conveying device 4; the discharge port of the conveying device 4 is connected to the feed port of the crushing device 5; the discharge port of the crushing device 5 is connected to the feed port of the stirring device 6, and the batching device 62 is connected to the feed port of the stirring device 6 through the batching pipeline 61. The crushed carbon slag is transported to the stirring device 6, and at the same time, the catalyst and water are mixed in the batching device 62 at a ratio of 1:25, and transported to the stirring device 6 through the batching pipeline 61. After 1 hour of stirring and soaking, it is discharged from the discharge port of the stirring device 6. The stirring device 6 is used to soak and stir the crushed carbon slag and auxiliary ingredients; the discharge port of the stirring device 6 is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation device 7.

[0032] Furthermore, the solid-liquid separation device 7 includes a solid discharge port and a liquid discharge port, and the liquid discharge port is connected to the batching device 62 through a circulation pipe 63. The carbon slag fully combined with the catalyst passes through the solid-liquid separation device 7 to separate the carbon slag from the liquid, and the waste liquid is recycled as the proportioning liquid again, and the carbon slag particles are centrally loaded into barrels through the carbon slag discharge port 71.

[0033] This equipment combines the actual situation of electrolytic production. After the carbon slag is fished out from the electrolytic production process through continuous equipment treatment, it is fully contacted and reacted with a low-temperature oxidation catalyst before entering the electrolytic cell for oxidation reaction, thereby recovering the electrolyte and fluoride in the carbon slag.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solid-liquid separation device 7 is a vibrating screening machine.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a system for recycling and treating aluminum electrolytic carbon slag also includes a stacking platform 1, which has a certain height. Since the electrolytic cell frame is equipped with a crane, the scooped carbon slag is transported to the stacking platform 1 through the crane equipment. The stacking platform 1 is set close to the feed inlet of the cooling device 2.

[0036] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the cooling device 2 includes a conical feed pipe, and the side of the feed pipe close to the stacking platform 1 is open to form a feed port, and a dust curtain 23 is provided on the feed port to prevent dust from overflowing when the material is poured in; a cooling spray device is provided on the upper part of the feed pipe to cool the hot carbon slag and further reduce the overflow of dust. The spray device includes a spray main pipe 21 and a spray head assembly 22, and the spray head assembly 22 is arranged on the top of the feed pipe.

[0037] Furthermore, the system for recycling and treating aluminum electrolytic carbon slag of the utility model further includes a first vibrating screen 3, the feed port of the first vibrating screen 3 is arranged opposite to the discharge port of the discharge pipe, and the cooled carbon slag first falls to the first vibrating screen 3. The conveying equipment 4 is a primary belt conveyor, and the carbon slag at the discharge port of the first vibrating screen 3 falls onto the belt for transportation.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring device 6 is a drum mixer.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the system for recycling and treating aluminum electrolytic carbon slag of the utility model also includes a buffer material box 8, the discharge port of the crushing device 5 and the buffer material box 8 are arranged opposite to each other, and the discharge port of the buffer material box 8 is arranged opposite to the secondary belt conveyor 9, and a cover body 2 91 is arranged on the secondary belt conveyor 9. The secondary belt conveyor 9 is used to convey the material to the inside of the mixing device 6. Avoid the material falling directly to the secondary belt conveyor 9 and causing damage.

[0040] In the utility model, the system for recycling and treating aluminum electrolytic carbon slag also includes dust recovery equipment, which includes a main pipe 53, a branch pipe 1 51, a branch pipe 2 52, a branch pipe 3 32, a branch pipe 4 33, and a branch pipe 5 81. The two ends of the branch pipe 1 51 are respectively connected to the crushing equipment 5 and the solid-liquid separation equipment 7. One end of the branch pipe 2 52 is connected to the branch pipe 1 51, and the other end is connected to the branch pipe 3 32. The branch pipe 3 32 is connected to the cover 1 31 of the first vibrating screen 3. The branch pipe 4 33 is inclinedly arranged on the side wall of the feed pipe, and the branch pipe 4 33 is connected to the branch pipe 2 52; one end of the branch pipe 5 81 is connected to the branch pipe 1 51, and the other end is connected to the buffer material box 8; the main pipe 53 is connected to the branch pipe 2 52, and the main pipe 53 is connected to an exhaust fan. That is, the recovery pipelines are all connected to all the feed ports and discharge ports, and finally gathered to the main pipe 53, and extracted by the fan to ensure the dust-free operation of the entire system.

[0041] like Figure 3-5 As shown, in the utility model, a material pushing mechanism is provided on the stacking platform 1, and the material pushing mechanism includes a lifting mechanism, a transverse movement mechanism and a material pushing plate 15. Lifting mechanisms are provided on both sides of the stacking platform 1, and the lifting mechanism and the transverse movement mechanism are connected for transmission, and the transverse movement mechanism and the material pushing plate 15 are connected for transmission. Specifically, the lifting mechanism includes a cylinder 11, and two cylinders 11 are provided on each side. The transverse movement mechanism includes a cylinder 2 13, and one cylinder 2 13 is provided on each side. The piston rod 12 of the cylinder 11 is connected to the cylinder 2 13, and the piston rod 2 14 of the cylinder 2 13 is connected to the material pushing plate 15. The height of the material pushing plate 15 is adjusted by the cylinder 11, and the material pushing operation is realized by the cylinder 2 13. The combination of the cylinder 11 and the cylinder 2 13 can realize the volume adjustment of the material pushing.

[0042] Furthermore, a guide cylinder 16 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the second piston rod 14, one end of the guide cylinder 16 is connected to a connecting rod 17, and two joints 18 are arranged on the connecting rod 17 at a fixed distance, and the joints 18 are respectively fixed on the first piston rod 12. With this design, when the second cylinder 13 is raised or lowered, the guide cylinder 16 always provides limited support for the second piston rod 14, and at the same time plays a role of guiding and limiting when the second piston rod 14 is extended or retracted.

[0043] Carbon slag treatment method:

[0044] The carbon slag produced in the electrolytic cell is scooped out from the cell by the electrolytic workers every shift with a carbon slag scoop and transported to the stockpiling platform 1 and the cooling equipment 2 for cooling. After cooling, it is transported to the crushing equipment 5 and crushed into carbon slag particles with a particle size of 5 mm.

[0045] The crushed carbon residue is transferred to the stirring device 6, and the catalyst and water are mixed and flowed in at a ratio of 1:25. After 1 hour of stirring and soaking, it is discharged from the discharge port. The carbon residue that is fully combined with the catalyst passes through a vibrating screen to separate the carbon residue from the liquid. The waste liquid is recycled as a proportioning liquid again, and the carbon residue particles are centrally loaded into barrels through the discharge port.

[0046] Upper tank: Select two test tanks in the electrolysis workshop, add material between the two anode groups and between the nearby high anodes (do not add material to the low anode to prevent unoxidized carbon slag from falling back into the electrolytic tank when changing the pole), spread 5-8 cm shell surface crushed material on the bottom of the new pole, add 5 cm carbon slag material (aligned with the steel claw platform), and finally perform it according to the sealing standard. Both test tanks are operated according to the above carbon slag treatment plan, pay attention to the temperature of the electrolytic tank, adjust the thickness of the insulation material in time according to the process standard, and maintain the thermal balance of electrolysis.

[0047] As the anode gradually conducts electricity, the temperature of the carbon block gradually rises. Oxidation begins at 400°C in an oxidizing environment. As the reaction temperature increases, the oxidation rate accelerates. Under the action of the oxidation catalyst, the apparent activation energy of the carbon oxidation reaction decreases, and the oxidation reaction rate is accelerated at the same temperature. The carbon in the carbon slag is completely oxidized, and the regenerated cryolite is directly recycled in the electrolytic cell. No carbon sludge waste is generated in the entire production process, realizing a new method for recycling carbon slag with zero emissions.

[0048] The advantages of this method are:

[0049] 1. Short process, less equipment, short construction period and low investment.

[0050] 2. No carbon sludge waste is generated, achieving true zero waste discharge.

[0051] 3. The oxidation residue is regenerated cryolite, which has great recycling value and good economic benefits.

[0052] Compared with the traditional pyrometallurgical process, the advantages of low temperature oxidation process technology are:

[0053] 1. There is no gaseous fluoride pollution, and the electrolytic fume purification system is well utilized in the production process.

[0054] 2. The low-temperature oxidation pyrometallurgy process has almost no corrosion effect on the furnace lining, and the equipment is expected to have a long service life.

[0055] 3. The waste residue after low-temperature oxidation pyrolysis is regenerated cryolite. The catalyst has no effect on electrolysis and can be returned to the electrolytic cell for use.

[0056] 4. Low processing cost, low energy consumption, full use of the calorific value of carbon, suitable for large-scale industrial application.

[0057] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for recycling and treating aluminum electrolytic carbon slag, characterized in that : Including cooling equipment, conveying equipment, crushing equipment, mixing equipment, batching equipment and solid-liquid separation equipment, The discharge port of the cooling device is connected to the feed port of the conveying device; the discharge port of the conveying device is connected to the feed port of the crushing device; The discharge port of the crushing equipment is connected to the feed port of the stirring equipment, and the batching equipment is connected to the feed port of the stirring equipment through a batching pipeline; the stirring equipment is used to stir the crushed carbon slag and auxiliary ingredients; the discharge port of the stirring equipment is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation equipment.

2. The system for recycling aluminum electrolytic carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation equipment comprises a solid discharge port and a liquid discharge port, and the liquid discharge port is connected to the batching equipment through a circulation pipeline.

3. The system for recycling aluminum electrolytic carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation equipment is a vibrating screening machine.

4. The system for recycling aluminum electrolytic carbon slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a material stacking platform, which is arranged close to the material inlet of the cooling device.

5. The system for recycling aluminum electrolytic carbon slag according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling device comprises a conical feeding pipe, a side of the feeding pipe close to the material stacking platform is opened to form a feeding port, and a dustproof curtain is arranged on the feeding port; a cooling spray device is arranged on the upper part of the feeding pipe.

6. The system for recycling aluminum electrolytic carbon slag according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a first vibrating screen, the feed port of the first vibrating screen is arranged opposite to the discharge port of the discharge pipe; the conveying equipment is a first-level belt conveyor, and the carbon slag at the discharge port of the first vibrating screen falls onto the belt.

7. The system for recycling aluminum electrolytic carbon slag according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring device is a drum mixer.

8. The system for recycling aluminum electrolytic carbon slag according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a buffer material box. The discharge port of the crushing equipment and the buffer material box are arranged opposite to each other. The discharge port of the buffer material box is arranged opposite to the secondary belt conveyor. The secondary belt conveyor is used to transport materials to the inside of the crushing equipment.

9. The system for recycling aluminum electrolytic carbon slag according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes dust recovery equipment, which includes a main pipe, branch pipe one, branch pipe two, branch pipe three, branch pipe four, and branch pipe five. The two ends of branch pipe one are respectively connected to the crushing equipment and the solid-liquid separation equipment, one end of branch pipe two is connected to branch pipe one, and the other end is connected to branch pipe three, branch pipe three is connected to the first vibrating screen, branch pipe four is obliquely arranged on the side wall of the feed pipe, and branch pipe four is connected to branch pipe two; one end of branch pipe five is connected to branch pipe one, and the other end is connected to the buffer material box; the main pipe is connected to branch pipe two, and an exhaust fan is connected to the main pipe.

10. The system for recycling aluminum electrolytic carbon slag according to claim 8, characterized in that: The stacking platform is provided with a pushing mechanism, which includes a lifting mechanism, a transverse mechanism and a pushing plate. Lifting mechanisms are provided on both sides of the stacking platform. The lifting mechanism and the transverse mechanism are connected for transmission, and the transverse mechanism and the pushing plate are connected for transmission.

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