Charged waste lithium ion battery pyrolysis device
By setting a dispersed structure in the spray tank of the lithium-ion battery pyrolysis device, the sodium hydroxide solution is fully in contact with the flue gas, the problem of low absorption effect in the prior art is solved, and more efficient flue gas treatment is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420967973.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-07
AI Technical Summary
During the pyrolysis and recovery process of existing lithium-ion batteries, the contact between the sodium hydroxide solution and the flue gas is insufficient, resulting in a reduction in absorption effect.
A pyrolysis device for charged waste lithium-ion batteries is designed. By providing a first annular tube and a diffuser tube in the spray tank, the flue gas is fully dispersed and then entered the spray part, and the spray sodium hydroxide solution is fully in contact with the flue gas, thereby improving the absorption effect.
By fully contacting the sodium hydroxide solution and flue gas, the absorption effect of acidic components in the flue gas is significantly improved and the efficiency of the recycling process is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222824366U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery pyrolysis, and more specifically relates to a device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium ion batteries. Background Art
[0002] As more and more people use electronic products and new energy vehicles, the number of waste lithium batteries is also increasing. Some of the substances in them may cause serious environmental pollution and have direct harm to the human body, so lithium batteries need to be recycled. Waste lithium-ion batteries can be recycled by pyrolysis in a cracking furnace (also called a high-temperature pyrolysis furnace).
[0003] In the pyrolysis recovery process of the prior art, the flue gas generated is basically discharged after being processed by the secondary combustion chamber, the cooling tank and the absorption tower for harmful substances in the flue gas. The flue gas enters the absorption tower from one side of the absorption tower and contacts the flue gas by spraying sodium hydroxide solution to absorb the acidic components in the flue gas. However, the flue gas is only filled in a certain area in the absorption tower for a short time before being discharged, and cannot fully contact with the sodium hydroxide solution, thereby reducing the absorption effect. Utility Model Content
[0004] The embodiment of the utility model provides a device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries, which can make the sodium hydroxide solution fully contact with the flue gas and improve the absorption effect.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: a device for pyrolyzing live waste lithium-ion batteries is provided, comprising a pyrolysis furnace, a secondary combustion chamber, a cooling tank, a spray tank, a first annular pipe and a spray part, wherein the pyrolysis furnace is used for pyrolyzing lithium-ion batteries; the secondary combustion chamber is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis furnace and is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, and a burner is arranged on the inner side wall of the secondary combustion chamber for burning organic matter in the flue gas; the cooling tank is arranged at one side of the pyrolysis furnace, and the lower part is connected to the top of the secondary combustion chamber through an air pipe, and a first annular pipe is arranged in the cooling tank There is a heat exchange component for cooling the flue gas; the spray tank is arranged on the top of the cooling tank, the lower part of the spray tank is connected with a drain pipe, and the upper part is connected with an activated carbon tank located on one side of the spray tank, the lower part of the spray tank is connected with the upper part of the cooling tank through an air supply pipe group, and the air supply pipe group extends into the spray tank; the first annular pipe is arranged in the spray tank along the horizontal direction and is connected with the air supply pipe group, and the first annular pipe is connected with an upwardly extending air diffusion pipe; the spray component is arranged in the spray tank and is located above the air diffusion pipe, and is used for spraying sodium hydroxide.
[0006] In a possible implementation, a plurality of air diffusion holes arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the air diffusion pipe are formed through the outer peripheral wall of the air diffusion pipe, and the plurality of air diffusion holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the air diffusion pipe.
[0007] In a possible implementation, an air outlet hole penetrating vertically is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first annular tube.
[0008] In one possible implementation, a solution box for containing sodium hydroxide is provided on the top of the spray tank, and the side of the solution box is connected to a connecting pipe that penetrates downward through the top wall of the spray tank. The connecting pipe extends into the spray tank and is connected to the upper end of the spray part, and a delivery pump is provided on the connecting pipe.
[0009] In some embodiments, the spraying member includes a second annular tube which is horizontally arranged and communicated with the lower end of the connecting tube, and a plurality of spray heads which are respectively connected to the bottom of the second annular tube.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the pyrolysis furnace includes a heating box and a pyrolysis chamber, a feeding port is provided on the top of the heating box, a cover for sealing the feeding port is provided on the heating box, a heating element is provided on the outer wall of the heating box, and the second combustion chamber is connected to the top of the heating box; the pyrolysis chamber is arranged in the heating box, the pyrolysis chamber has an upward opening, the opening is toward the feeding port, and the pyrolysis chamber is used to accommodate lithium-ion batteries.
[0011] In some embodiments, an inert gas supply member connected to the lower portion of the heating box is provided on one side of the heating box.
[0012] In one possible implementation, the heat exchange element is a heat exchange tube, both ends of which extend to the outside of the cooling tank respectively. A cold water circulation machine is provided on the outside of the cooling tank. One end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the input port of the cold water circulation machine, and the other end is connected to the output port of the cold water circulation machine.
[0013] In one possible implementation, the air supply pipe group includes an air inlet pipe connected to the lower part of the spray tank and an air outlet pipe connected to the upper part of the cooling tank. A cyclone dust collector is provided on the outside of the cooling tank. The air outlet pipe is connected to the input port of the cyclone dust collector, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the output port of the cyclone dust collector.
[0014] In a possible implementation, the upper portion of the spray tank is connected to the lower portion of the activated carbon tank, and the top of the activated carbon tank is connected to an exhaust pipe.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the pyrolysis device for charged waste lithium-ion batteries provided in this embodiment is that after the flue gas enters the spray tank, it is dispersed into various diffusion pipes through the first annular pipe and then discharged into the spray tank, which facilitates the flue gas to fill various places inside the spray tank. Then, the spray part is turned on to spray the sodium hydroxide solution on the flue gas, so that the sodium hydroxide solution is fully in contact with the flue gas to fully absorb the acidic components in the flue gas, thereby improving the absorption effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional structure of a device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 For the utility model embodiment Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the first annular tube and the diffuser tube.
[0019] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:
[0020] 10. Pyrolysis furnace; 11. Heating box; 12. Pyrolysis chamber; 13. Heating element; 14. Cover; 20. Second combustion chamber; 21. Burner; 22. Air pipe; 30. Cooling tank; 40. Heat exchange element; 41. Cold water circulation machine; 50. Spray tank; 51. Activated carbon tank; 52. Exhaust pipe; 60. First annular pipe; 61. Diffusion pipe; 611. Diffusion hole; 62. Exhaust hole; 70. Spray element; 71. Second annular pipe; 711. Connecting pipe; 712. Solution tank; 713. Delivery pump; 72. Nozzle; 80. Inert gas supply element; 90. Gas pipe group; 91. Inlet pipe; 92. Exhaust pipe; 93. Cyclone dust collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.
[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "several" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0023] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the pyrolysis device for charged waste lithium-ion batteries provided by the utility model is now described. The pyrolysis device for charged waste lithium-ion batteries comprises a pyrolysis furnace 10, a secondary combustion chamber 20, a cooling tank 30, a spray tank 50, a first annular pipe 60 and a spray part 70. The pyrolysis furnace 10 is used to pyrolyze lithium-ion batteries; the secondary combustion chamber 20 is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis furnace 10 and is connected to the pyrolysis furnace 10. A burner 21 is arranged on the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber 20 for burning organic matter in the flue gas; the cooling tank 30 is arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace 10, and the lower part is connected to the top of the secondary combustion chamber 20 through an air pipe 22. A heat exchanger 40 for cooling the flue gas is arranged in the cooling tank 30; the spray part 70 is provided in the spray tank 50; The spray tank 50 is arranged on the top of the cooling tank 30. The lower part of the spray tank 50 is connected to a drain pipe, and the upper part is connected to an activated carbon tank 51 located on one side of the spray tank 50. The lower part of the spray tank 50 is connected to the upper part of the cooling tank 30 through an air supply pipe group 90, and the air supply pipe group 90 extends into the spray tank 50; the first annular pipe 60 is arranged in the spray tank 50 along the horizontal direction and is connected to the air supply pipe group 90. The first annular pipe 60 is connected to an upwardly extending air diffusion pipe 61; the spray part 70 is arranged in the spray tank 50 and is located above the air diffusion pipe 61 for spraying sodium hydroxide.
[0024] The embodiment of the present application provides a pyrolysis device for charged waste lithium-ion batteries. In its actual use, the pyrolysis furnace 10 is first preheated until the temperature in the pyrolysis furnace 10 reaches 500-700°C, and then the lithium-ion battery is placed in the pyrolysis furnace 10 to pyrolyze the lithium-ion battery. The flue gas after pyrolysis enters the secondary combustion chamber 20, and the burner 21 is turned on to fully burn the organic matter in the flue gas. The flue gas passes through the air pipe 22 and then enters the cooling tank 30, so that the heat exchanger 40 cools the flue gas, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas after combustion quickly drops to 10 0-200℃, to avoid the formation of dioxins, then the flue gas enters the spray tank 50 through the gas pipe group 90, and is dispersed into each diffuser pipe 61 in the first annular pipe 60 and then discharged into the spray tank 50, which makes it convenient for the flue gas to fill various places inside the spray tank 50, and then the spray part 70 is opened to spray the flue gas with sodium hydroxide solution, so that the sodium hydroxide solution is fully in contact with the flue gas to fully absorb the acidic components in the flue gas, thereby improving the absorption effect, and finally the flue gas enters the activated carbon tank 51, and the activated carbon adsorbs the harmful components in the flue gas and discharges them in the activated carbon tank 51.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the pyrolysis device for charged waste lithium-ion batteries provided in this embodiment is that after the flue gas enters the spray tank 50, it is dispersed into each diffusion pipe 61 through the first annular pipe 60 and then discharged into the spray tank 50, which facilitates the flue gas to fill various places inside the spray tank 50. Then, the spray part 70 is opened to spray the sodium hydroxide solution on the flue gas, so that the sodium hydroxide solution is fully in contact with the flue gas to fully absorb the acidic components in the flue gas, thereby improving the absorption effect.
[0026] In a possible implementation, the air diffusion pipe 61 is configured as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure shown, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 A plurality of air diffusion holes 611 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the air diffusion tube 61 are formed through the outer peripheral wall of the air diffusion tube 61 , and the plurality of air diffusion holes 611 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the air diffusion tube 61 .
[0027] Specifically, the diffusion pipe 61 and the diffusion holes 611 are arranged in a manner that makes the escape more dispersed, expands the escape area, and thus makes the flue gas fully contact with the sodium hydroxide solution, further improving the absorption effect.
[0028] In a possible implementation, the first annular tube 60 is configured as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure shown, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 An air outlet hole 62 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first annular tube 60 and passes through the first annular tube 60 from top to bottom.
[0029] Specifically, the provision of the air outlet 62 can increase the smoke dissipation area to make the smoke more dispersed, and at the same time, the sodium hydroxide solution entering the first annular tube 60 can be discharged through the air outlet 62, thereby avoiding the accumulation of the sodium hydroxide solution in the first annular tube 60.
[0030] In a possible implementation, the spray tank 50 is used as follows Figure 1 The structure shown, see Figure 1 A solution box 712 for containing sodium hydroxide is provided on the top of the spray tank 50. The side of the solution box 712 is connected to a connecting pipe 711 which is arranged to penetrate downward through the top wall of the spray tank 50. The connecting pipe 711 extends into the spray tank 50 and is connected to the upper end of the spray part 70. A delivery pump 713 is provided on the connecting pipe 711.
[0031] Specifically, the solution tank 712 is used to store the sodium hydroxide solution. When the sodium hydroxide solution needs to be sprayed into the spray tank 50, the delivery pump 713 is turned on to provide sufficient pressure to spray the sodium hydroxide solution, thereby increasing the spraying area of the sodium hydroxide solution.
[0032] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The spraying member 70 includes a second annular tube 71 which is horizontally arranged and communicated with the lower end of the connecting tube 711 , and a plurality of spray heads 72 which are respectively connected to the bottom of the second annular tube 71 .
[0033] Specifically, the cooperation between the second annular tube 71 and the nozzle 72 increases the spraying area of the sodium hydroxide solution. When the liquid level of the sodium hydroxide solution in the spray tank 50 reaches the bottom of the first annular tube 60, the drain pipe is opened to discharge the sodium hydroxide solution, and the liquid level of the sodium hydroxide solution is always maintained between the drain pipe and the first annular tube 60 to prevent smoke leakage.
[0034] In a possible implementation, the pyrolysis furnace 10 is as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown, see Figure 1 The pyrolysis furnace 10 includes a heating box 11 and a pyrolysis chamber 12. A feeding port is provided on the top of the heating box 11. A sealing cover 14 for sealing the feeding port is provided on the heating box 11. A heating element 13 is provided on the outer wall of the heating box 11. The secondary combustion chamber 20 is connected to the top of the heating box 11. The pyrolysis chamber 12 is arranged in the heating box 11. The pyrolysis chamber 12 has an upward opening facing the feeding port. The pyrolysis chamber 12 is used to accommodate lithium-ion batteries.
[0035] Specifically, there is a gap between the outer bottom wall of the pyrolysis chamber 12 and the inner bottom wall of the heating box 11, and there is also a gap between the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber 12 and the inner wall of the heating box 11, which not only avoids direct contact between the pyrolysis chamber 12 and the heating box 11, but also avoids overheating of the lithium-ion battery.
[0036] When it is necessary to put in a lithium-ion battery, the cover 14 is opened by external auxiliary equipment, the lithium-ion battery is put in, and then the cover 14 is fastened to prevent the leakage of smoke.
[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 One side of the heating box 11 is provided with an inert gas supply member 80 which is connected to the lower part of the heating box 11.
[0038] Specifically, the heating box 11 is connected to the inert gas supply part 80 through a pipeline. After the lithium-ion battery is placed in the pyrolysis chamber 12, the inert gas supply part 80 is turned on to discharge the oxygen in the heating box 11 until the oxygen content drops below 3.0%, so as to improve the pyrolysis effect of the lithium-ion battery.
[0039] In a possible implementation, the heat exchange element 40 is as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown, see Figure 1 The heat exchange element 40 is a heat exchange tube, both ends of which extend to the outside of the cooling tank 30 respectively. A cold water circulation machine 41 is provided on the outside of the cooling tank 30. One end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the input port of the cold water circulation machine 41, and the other end is connected to the output port of the cold water circulation machine 41.
[0040] Specifically, the cold water circulation machine 41 is used to supply circulating cooling water to the heat exchange tubes, so as to reduce the temperature of the flue gas when the flue gas contacts the heat exchange tubes and avoid the generation of dioxins.
[0041] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube has a serpentine structure, which can increase the contact area between the flue gas and the heat exchange tube.
[0042] In a possible implementation, the gas delivery pipe assembly 90 is configured as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown, see Figure 1 The air supply pipe group 90 includes an air inlet pipe 91 connected to the lower part of the spray tank 50 and an air outlet pipe 92 connected to the upper part of the cooling tank 30. A cyclone dust collector 93 is provided on the outside of the cooling tank 30. The air outlet pipe 92 is connected to the input port of the cyclone dust collector 93, and the air inlet pipe 91 is connected to the output port of the cyclone dust collector 93.
[0043] Specifically, the flue gas enters the cyclone dust collector 93 from the exhaust pipe 92 to remove dust in the flue gas, and then enters the spray tank 50 from the intake pipe 91, thereby preventing the dust in the flue gas from entering the external space and polluting the air.
[0044] In a possible implementation, the spray tank 50 is used as follows Figure 1 The structure shown, see Figure 1 The upper part of the spray tank 50 is connected to the lower part of the activated carbon tank 51 through a pipeline, and the top of the activated carbon tank 51 is connected to an exhaust pipe 52.
[0045] Specifically, the activated carbon tank 51 contains activated carbon, which absorbs harmful components in the flue gas and discharges them to the outside through the exhaust pipe 52, thereby avoiding pollution of the outside air.
[0046] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries, characterized in that: include: Pyrolysis furnace, used for pyrolysis of lithium-ion batteries; A secondary combustion chamber is arranged on the top of the pyrolysis furnace and is in communication with the pyrolysis furnace. A burner is provided on the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber for burning organic matter in the flue gas; A cooling tank is arranged at one side of the pyrolysis furnace, and the lower part of the cooling tank is connected to the top of the secondary combustion chamber through an air pipe, and a heat exchange element for cooling the flue gas is arranged in the cooling tank; A spray tank is arranged on the top of the cooling tank, the lower part of the spray tank is connected with a drain pipe, and the upper part is connected with an activated carbon tank located on one side of the spray tank, the lower part of the spray tank is connected with the upper part of the cooling tank through an air delivery pipe group, and the air delivery pipe group extends into the spray tank; A first annular tube is horizontally arranged in the spray tank and is connected to the gas delivery pipe group, and the first annular tube is connected to an air diffusion pipe extending upward; as well as A spraying member is arranged in the spray tank and located above the diffuser pipe, and is used for spraying sodium hydroxide.
2. The device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of air diffusion holes arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the air diffusion pipe are formed through the outer peripheral wall of the air diffusion pipe, and the plurality of air diffusion holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the air diffusion pipe.
3. The device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air outlet hole penetrating vertically is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the first annular tube.
4. The device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solution box for containing sodium hydroxide is provided on the top of the spray tank, and a connecting pipe is connected to the side of the solution box and is arranged to penetrate downward through the top wall of the spray tank. The connecting pipe extends into the spray tank and is connected to the upper end of the spray part, and a delivery pump is provided on the connecting pipe.
5. The device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spraying member comprises a second annular tube which is arranged horizontally and communicated with the lower end of the communicating tube, and a plurality of spray heads which are respectively connected to the bottom of the second annular tube.
6. The device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis furnace comprises: A heating box, with a feeding port on the top, a cover for sealing the feeding port on the heating box, a heating element on the outer wall of the heating box, and the secondary combustion chamber connected to the top of the heating box; and A pyrolysis chamber is arranged in the heating box, the pyrolysis chamber has an upward opening, the opening faces the feeding port, and the pyrolysis chamber is used to accommodate the lithium-ion battery.
7. The device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: An inert gas supply member connected to the lower part of the heating box is provided on one side of the heating box.
8. The device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange element is a heat exchange tube, both ends of which extend to the outside of the cooling tank respectively. A cold water circulation machine is provided on the outside of the cooling tank. One end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the input port of the cold water circulation machine, and the other end is connected to the output port of the cold water circulation machine.
9. The device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply pipe group includes an air inlet pipe connected to the lower part of the spray tank and an air outlet pipe connected to the upper part of the cooling tank. A cyclone dust collector is provided on the outside of the cooling tank. The air outlet pipe is connected to the input port of the cyclone dust collector, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the output port of the cyclone dust collector.
10. The device for pyrolyzing charged waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the spray tank is communicated with the lower part of the activated carbon tank, and the top of the activated carbon tank is communicated with an exhaust pipe.