Super capacitor with high vibration resistance

Abstract

A high-vibration-resistance super capacitor comprises a shell internally provided with a containing cavity, a battery cell arranged in the shell and a cover plate arranged at the top of the shell and used for sealing the containing cavity, and the battery cell comprises a winding needle, a core bag wound on the winding needle and two guide foil pieces connected with the core bag respectively; a lower positioning groove for embedding the lower end of the winding needle is formed in the bottom of the accommodating cavity; the winding needle is additionally arranged in the center of the battery cell to serve as a battery cell center fixing column, on one hand, the vibration resistance of the center position of the battery cell is improved, on the other hand, the tension of the winding machine can be increased without considering the problem of pulling of the winding needle, positive and negative pole pieces and electrolytic paper are wound more compactly, the internal resistance of the capacitor is effectively reduced, and the service life of the capacitor is prolonged. And the internal and external compactness of the battery cell is consistent, so that the problem of large local resistance at the central position of the battery cell is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of supercapacitor preparation, and in particular relates to a highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor. Background Art

[0002] As an emerging advanced energy storage device, supercapacitors have both the high power characteristics of traditional capacitors and the high energy characteristics of batteries. Due to its unique high specific power, large current discharge capability, ultra-low temperature characteristics, high reliability and green environmental protection, it has been widely used and developed in many fields such as electricity, transportation, communications, energy, aviation, etc.

[0003] Existing supercapacitors need to consider the proportion of the remaining space inside the capacitor shell to avoid the gas produced by the side reaction when the capacitor is used due to the large diameter of the battery core and the small proportion of the remaining space inside the shell. The pressure inside the shell increases rapidly, and the gas particles quickly block the gaps in the activated carbon, resulting in the rapid decay of the capacitor's electrical properties. When designing, the battery core diameter needs to be smaller than the inner diameter of the shell. This design can effectively improve the performance and service life of the capacitor, but because the battery core diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the shell, the battery core is in a state of being completely or partially suspended in the shell, and the battery core itself has a certain elastic tension. After endurance vibration, such a structural design often causes the foil strip to break, desolder, and the battery core to fall apart. At the same time, the center of the battery core is relatively loose due to the lack of stress constraints, which makes it difficult for the electrolyte anions and cations to transfer there, the internal resistance is large, and it is easy to heat up at this position during large current charging and discharging, and the local material aging is accelerated. The side reactions produced affect the performance and life of the capacitor, which needs further improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor.

[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor comprises a shell with a accommodating cavity formed therein, a core bundle frame arranged in the accommodating cavity, an electric cell arranged in the core bundle frame, and a cover plate arranged on the top of the shell to seal the accommodating cavity, the electric cell comprising a winding needle, a core package wound on the winding needle, and two conductive foils respectively connected to the core package, a lower positioning groove for the lower end of the winding needle to be embedded in is formed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity, the cover plate comprises a cover plate body, a positive terminal connector and a negative terminal connector spaced apart on the bottom surface of the cover plate body and respectively connected to the two conductive foils, a positive terminal and a negative terminal spaced apart on the top surface of the cover plate body and respectively connected to the positive terminal connector and the negative terminal connector, a positioning column arranged on the bottom surface of the cover plate and opposite to the winding needle, and an upper positioning groove extending upward from the bottom surface of the positioning column and for the upper end of the winding needle to be embedded in.

[0007] Furthermore, the winding needle includes an inserting section, two winding sections symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the inserting section, and an inserting portion arranged at the top of the inserting section and embeddable in the upper positioning groove, and the lower ends of the two winding sections are embedded in the lower positioning groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the plug-in portion is arranged in a half-moon shape, and the outer wall of the winding section is arranged in an arc shape.

[0009] Furthermore, the core bundle frame includes a frame body with a placement cavity formed therein, a clearance hole arranged at the bottom of the placement cavity opposite to the lower positioning groove, and two winding hole groups arranged oppositely on both sides of the frame body.

[0010] Furthermore, the winding hole group includes a first winding hole and a second winding hole spaced apart along the circumferential surface of the frame body, the two first winding holes located on both sides of the frame body are on the same diameter line, and the two second winding holes located on both sides of the frame body are on the same diameter line.

[0011] Furthermore, the core package is wound by electrolytic paper, positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet, the electrolytic paper enters through two first winding holes, and the positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet enter through two second winding holes respectively, and the length of the first winding hole is longer than the length of the second winding hole.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an upper cover arranged on the top of the bundle core frame, wherein the upper cover is formed with a first through hole for the upper end of the winding needle to pass through and two second through holes for two foil guides to pass through respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of limiting blocks distributed in a circumference are formed on the bottom surface of the upper cover, and a plurality of limiting grooves extending downward and for the plurality of limiting blocks to be embedded in are formed on the top of the frame body.

[0014] Furthermore, the frame body is a mesh frame body.

[0015] Furthermore, the cover plate body includes a hardwood layer and a sealing rubber layer which are sequentially arranged up and down.

[0016] It can be seen from the above description of the utility model that, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the application improves the vibration resistance of the center of the battery cell by adding a winding needle as a fixing column in the center of the battery cell, and on the other hand, since there is no need to consider the problem of winding needle withdrawal, the tension of the winding machine can be increased, so that the positive and negative electrodes and the electrolytic paper are wound more tightly, which effectively reduces the internal resistance of the capacitor, and since the compactness of the inside and outside of the battery cell is consistent, the problem of large local resistance in the center of the battery cell is solved;

[0017] The present application sets a core bundle frame, the inner diameter of the core bundle frame is the diameter of the battery cell, the outer diameter of the core bundle frame is consistent with the inner diameter of the shell, and after the battery cell is placed in the shell, the core bundle frame serves as a support to connect the battery cell body with the shell body, the battery cell bottom with the shell bottom, the end of the battery cell with the upper cover bound by the shell waist, and the center of the battery cell is completely fitted with the winding needle as a fixed column, so that the battery cell is subjected to all-round stress support, and the anti-vibration stress support is extended from a point or line to the whole, thereby improving the vibration resistance of the prepared supercapacitor;

[0018] The present application limits the structure of the supercapacitor, adds a winding needle and sets a core bundle frame in the battery cell, thereby solving the problem that the capacitor cell, electrode material, foil strip, etc., which are caused by the empty or partial suspension of the columnar supercapacitor cell, rapidly increase the metal fatigue of the capacitor cell, electrode material, foil strip, etc. under high-frequency vibration and durable vibration conditions, resulting in structural damage and internal short circuit or open circuit of the capacitor. At the same time, in order to avoid the depolymerization reaction of the tape under electrolyte, high pressure and high temperature conditions, which causes the performance and life of the capacitor to decay, the present invention uses the tension of the core bundle frame, winding needle and the battery cell itself for winding, so that the force inside and outside the battery cell is uniform, which not only improves the stability of the battery cell structure, but also greatly extends the service life of the capacitor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the winding needle;

[0022] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the cover plate;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cover;

[0024] Figure 6 is a structural cross-sectional view of the shell;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the beam core frame;

[0026] In the figure, 1-shell, 2-core frame, 3-winding needle, 4-upper cover, 5-cover plate, 6-foil guide, 11-accommodating cavity, 12-lower positioning groove, 21-frame body, 22-allowance hole, 23-first winding hole, 24-second winding hole, 25-limiting groove, 26-placing cavity, 31-plug-in section, 32-winding section, 33-plug-in part, 41-first perforation, 42-second perforation, 43-limiting block, 51-cover plate body, 52-positive terminal connector, 53-negative terminal connector, 54-positive terminal, 55-negative terminal, 56-positioning column, 57-upper positioning groove, 58-hardwood layer, 59-sealing rubber layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described below through specific implementation methods.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor comprises a shell 1 with a accommodating cavity 11 formed therein, a core bundle frame 2 arranged in the accommodating cavity 11, an electric cell arranged in the core bundle frame 2, an upper cover 4 arranged on the top of the core bundle frame 2, and a cover plate 5 arranged on the top of the shell to seal the accommodating cavity 11.

[0029] The battery cell comprises a winding needle 3, a core package wound on the winding needle 3 and two conductive foils 6 respectively connected to the core package. Specifically, the core package is wound with electrolytic paper, a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet; the winding needle 3 comprises an inserting section 31, two winding sections 32 symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the inserting section 31 and an inserting portion 33 arranged at the top of the inserting section 31, and a lower positioning groove 12 for the lower ends of the two winding sections 32 to be embedded is formed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity 11; further, the inserting portion 33 is arranged in a semi-lunar shape; the outer walls of the two winding sections 32 are arranged in an arc shape, and the two outer wall arc surfaces are located in the same circle, so that after the battery cell is wound and formed, the electrode sheet and the electrolytic paper at the center position are completely attached to the winding section 32, and the stress at each angle at the center of the battery cell is the same.

[0030] The wound supercapacitor cell has the problem of the center position being suspended in the air after the winding needle is pulled out. This problem cannot be fully solved even by inserting the fixing column after the cell is wound. On the contrary, because the electrolytic paper at the start of the roll is in the center position after the winding needle 3 is pulled out, the strong insertion of the fixing column will cause many problems such as the conical protrusion of the cell and the displacement and stacking of the electrolytic paper. At the same time, the action of pulling out the winding needle 3 itself will also cause defects such as core pulling. Because there is no fully fitted and uniformly force-bearing fixing column at the center of the cell, the compactness of the electrode sheet and the electrolytic paper at this position is not uniform with other positions. The poor compactness will make it difficult for the electrolyte at this position to fully infiltrate and connect the electrolytic paper with the positive and negative electrodes. The migration of anions and cations and the transfer of charges become difficult, resulting in increased internal resistance, causing heat energy to accumulate in the capacitor during continuous charging and discharging, accelerating the aging of local materials, and accelerating the decay of capacitor performance and life due to the bucket effect; therefore, the present application adds a winding needle 3 as a fixed column in the center of the battery cell, which on the one hand improves the vibration resistance of the center of the battery cell, and on the other hand, because there is no need to consider the problem of winding needle withdrawal, the tension of the winding machine can be increased, so that the positive and negative electrodes and the electrolytic paper are wound more tightly, effectively reducing the internal resistance of the capacitor, and because the tightness of the inside and outside of the battery cell is consistent, the problem of large local resistance in the center of the battery cell is solved.

[0031] The core bundle frame 2 comprises a frame body 21 with a placement cavity 26 formed therein, a clearance hole 22 arranged at the bottom of the placement cavity 26 and opposite to the lower positioning groove 12, and two winding hole groups arranged on both sides of the frame body 21. Specifically, the winding hole group comprises a first winding hole 23 and a second winding hole 24 arranged at intervals along the circumferential surface of the frame body 21, wherein the two first winding holes 23 respectively located on both sides of the frame body are located on the same diameter line, and the two second winding holes 24 respectively located on both sides of the frame body 21 are located on the same diameter line, and the length of the first winding hole 23 is longer than that of the second winding hole 24; when the core package is prepared, the electrolytic paper enters through the two first winding holes 23, and the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet enter through the second winding hole 24 respectively; further, the frame body 21 is a mesh frame body, which is prepared by a corrosion-resistant and tough alloy material.

[0032] In the existing anti-vibration process of supercapacitors, a waist groove is added to the body of the shell 1 during assembly. This design has difficulty in controlling the process of the waist depth. A deep waist makes the consistency between the cell structure at this position and the whole different, which will accelerate the decay of the capacitor performance. A shallow waist will reduce the vibration resistance. After endurance vibration, the cell continues to hit the position of the waist groove, and its material structure is prone to adverse changes. At the same time, there is no stress constraint between the top and bottom of the cell of this design. During longitudinal vibration, the cell will pull the foil 6 to bend continuously, causing the metal fatigue of the foil 6 to accumulate rapidly until it breaks. For example, a supercapacitor with a laser-welded structure at both ends is subject to stress constraints at the top and bottom, but the body is suspended in the air. state, due to the expansion and contraction tension of the battery cell material itself, and the partial linear welding of the current collector with the top cover and the bottom cover, continuous high-intensity durable vibration will cause the electrode sheet current collector to desolder and the battery cell to spread out; the present application sets a core bundle frame 2, the inner diameter of the core bundle frame 2 is the battery cell diameter, and the outer diameter of the core bundle frame 2 is consistent with the inner diameter of the outer shell 1. After the battery cell is put into the shell, the core bundle frame 2 serves as a support to connect the body of the battery cell to the body of the outer shell 1, the bottom of the battery cell is connected to the bottom of the outer shell 1, the end of the battery cell is connected to the upper cover 4 constrained by the waist of the outer shell 1, and the center of the battery cell is completely fitted with the winding needle 3 as a fixed column. Through this, the battery cell is subjected to all-round stress support, and the anti-vibration stress support is extended from a point or line to the whole, thereby improving the vibration resistance of the prepared supercapacitor.

[0033] The upper cover 4 is formed with a first through-hole 41 for the upper end of the winding needle 3 to pass through, and two second through-holes 42 for the two guide foils 6 to pass through respectively. Specifically, a plurality of circumferentially distributed limit blocks 43 are formed on the bottom surface of the upper cover 4, and a plurality of limit grooves 25 extending downward for the plurality of limit blocks 43 to be embedded in the top of the frame body 21 are formed. Through the cooperation between the limit grooves 25 and the limit blocks 43, the upper cover 4 can be quickly installed on the top surface of the frame body 21. The present application sets an independent upper cover 4 on the top of the core bundle frame 2, leads the two guide foils 6 out of the two second through-holes 42, and the excess part can be bent and fitted to the upper cover 4 to avoid the risk of the guide foil 6 being directly pressed into the battery cell and causing a short circuit.

[0034] The cover plate 5 comprises a cover plate body 51, a positive terminal connector 52 and a negative terminal connector 53 which are spaced apart on the bottom surface of the cover plate body 51 and can be respectively connected to the two conductive foils 6, a positive terminal 54 and a negative terminal 55 which are spaced apart on the top surface of the cover plate body 51 and can be respectively connected to the positive terminal connector 52 and the negative terminal connector 53, a positioning column 56 which is arranged on the bottom surface of the cover plate body 51 and can be opposite to the winding needle 3, and an upper positioning groove 57 which extends upward from the bottom surface of the positioning column 56 and can be embedded in the winding needle plug-in part 33; specifically, the cover plate body 51 comprises a hardwood layer 58 and a sealing rubber layer 59 which are sequentially arranged up and down.

[0035] The supercapacitor preparation process defined in this application is as follows:

[0036] Step 1: Install and fix the bundle core frame 2 and the winding needle 3 on the customized winding machine. The process can be set to the automatic feeding mode. The two rolls of electrolytic paper after slitting are pulled through the gaps of the two first winding holes 23 and the two winding sections 32 and wound twice. Then, the slitting positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet are pulled through the two second winding holes 24 to the left and right interlayers of the electrolytic paper winding of the winding section. As the winding needle rotates, the electrolytic paper, positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet are wound;

[0037] Step 2: After rolling to a specific length, ultrasonically weld the conductive foil 6 to the brushed foil positions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. After welding, bend the two conductive foils 6 to fit the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet respectively, and then unfold them after passing through the two second winding holes 24. When the battery cell is rolled up, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are cut off in advance, and the electrolytic paper is rolled up until the winding needle stress reaches the set value before cutting the electrolytic paper;

[0038] Step 3: The two lead-out foil sheets 6 are respectively passed through the two second through-holes 42 of the upper cover, and the upper cover 4 is assembled with the upper end of the bundle core frame 2 by the cooperation of the limit groove 25 and the limit block 43, and at the same time, the two lead-out foil sheets 6 are riveted with the positive terminal connector 52 and the negative terminal connector 53 on the cover plate 5 by using washers;

[0039] Step 4: Transfer the battery cell that has completed the above operation to a vacuum oven for drying and dehydration;

[0040] Step 5: transfer the dried battery cell to a drying room or glove box, and vertically place the battery cell in a vessel filled with electrolyte for a period of time, requiring that the electrode liquid level in the vessel does not exceed the upper cover 4. After sufficient infiltration, remove the battery cell and install it in the outer shell 1. The lower end of the winding needle 3 is embedded in the lower positioning groove 12 and fixed to the outer shell 1, and the upper end is embedded in the upper positioning groove 57 of the cover plate 5.

[0041] Step six, use a sealing machine to seal the capacitor housing 1 to fix the battery core, and bend the edge of the housing 1 through a waisting wheel and insert it into the sealing rubber layer 59 of the cover plate 5 to obtain the supercapacitor defined in this application.

[0042] The present application limits the structure of the supercapacitor, adds a winding needle 3 in the battery cell and sets a core bundle frame 2, thereby solving the problem that the capacitor cell, electrode material, foil strip, etc. under high-frequency vibration and durable vibration conditions caused by the empty or partial empty suspension of the columnar supercapacitor cell rapidly increase the metal fatigue, resulting in structural damage and internal short circuit or open circuit of the capacitor. At the same time, in order to avoid the depolymerization reaction of the tape under electrolyte, high pressure and high temperature conditions, which causes the performance and life of the capacitor to decay, the present invention uses the core bundle frame 2, the winding needle 3 and the tension of the battery cell itself for winding, so that the force inside and outside the battery cell is uniform, which not only improves the stability of the battery cell structure, but also greatly extends the service life of the capacitor.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore cannot be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. That is, equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of application of the present invention and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor, characterized in that: It includes an outer shell with a accommodating cavity formed therein, a core bundle frame arranged in the accommodating cavity, an electric cell arranged in the core bundle frame, and a cover plate arranged on the top of the outer shell to seal the accommodating cavity, the electric cell includes a winding needle, a core package wound on the winding needle, and two conductive foils respectively connected to the core package, a lower positioning groove for the lower end of the winding needle to be embedded is formed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity, the cover plate includes a cover plate body, a positive terminal connector and a negative terminal connector spaced apart on the bottom surface of the cover plate body and respectively connected to the two conductive foils, a positive terminal and a negative terminal spaced apart on the top surface of the cover plate body and respectively connected to the positive terminal connector and the negative terminal connector, a positioning column arranged on the bottom surface of the cover plate and opposite to the winding needle, and an upper positioning groove extending upward from the bottom surface of the positioning column and for the upper end of the winding needle to be embedded.

2. A highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding needle comprises an inserting section, two winding sections symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the inserting section, and an inserting portion arranged at the top of the inserting section and capable of being embedded in the upper positioning groove, and the lower ends of the two winding sections are embedded in the lower positioning groove.

3. A highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plug-in portion is arranged in a half-moon shape, and the outer wall of the winding section is arranged in an arc shape.

4. The highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bundle core frame comprises a frame body with a placement cavity formed therein, a clearance hole arranged at the bottom of the placement cavity and opposite to the lower positioning groove, and two winding hole groups arranged oppositely at two sides of the frame body.

5. A highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The winding hole group includes a first winding hole and a second winding hole spaced apart along the circumferential surface of the frame body, the two first winding holes respectively located on both sides of the frame body are on the same diameter line, and the two second winding holes respectively located on both sides of the frame body are on the same diameter line.

6. The highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The core package is wound with electrolytic paper, positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet. The electrolytic paper enters through two first winding holes, and the positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet enter through two second winding holes respectively. The length of the first winding hole is longer than that of the second winding hole.

7. The highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an upper cover arranged on the top of the bundle core frame, wherein the upper cover is formed with a first through hole for the upper end of the winding needle to pass through and two second through holes for two foil guides to pass through respectively.

8. The highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the upper cover is formed with a plurality of circumferentially distributed limiting blocks, and the top of the frame body is formed with a plurality of limiting grooves extending downward for the plurality of limiting blocks to be embedded in.

9. The highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frame body is a mesh frame body.

10. The highly vibration-resistant supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate body comprises a hardwood layer and a sealing rubber layer which are sequentially arranged up and down.

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