Lithium-based battery or
capacitor (200, 300) or
sodium-based battery or
capacitor (200, 300), the battery or
capacitor (200, 300) comprising: an
anode (210, 310) comprising a metallic
current collector foil (212, 312) having a
porous layer of particles of an
anode material (214, 314) bonded to each side of the
current collector foil (212, 312) of the
anode (210, 310), a
cathode (202, 302) comprising a metallic
current collector foil (204, 304) having an equally sized and shaped
porous layer of particles of a
cathode material (206, 306) bonded to each side of the current collector foil (204, 304) of the
cathode (202, 302), wherein the anode (210, 310) and cathode (202, 302) are arranged such that a layer of a bonded anode material (214, 314) is facing a layer of a bonded
cathode material (206, 306), which are kept separate by at least one porous separator (208, 308) which is connected to the facing
layers of the bonded anode and
cathode material (214, 314;206, 306) is congruent, wherein the pores of the separator (208, 308) and the
layers of the anode and
cathode material (214, 314; 206, 306) are permeated with a non-aqueous liquid
electrolyte, wherein the current collector foils (204, 212) have connecting tabs (204'', 212''') for electrical contact with an external electrical circuit for the flow of an
electric current to or from the battery or capacitor (200, 300); ; wherein the current collector foil (212, 312, 204, 304) made of
metal of one of the anode (210, 310) and cathode (202, 302), or of both, includes an additional foil sub-area (204'', 212'', 312'', 304'') which is not coated with anode or cathode material (214, 314; 206, 306) and which is located outside its foil area of the coated anode or cathode material (214, 314;206, 306), wherein the extended area of the metallic current collector foil (204, 212, 304, 312) has a connecting tab (204'''', 212'''', 304'''', 312'''') for electrical contact with an external current-consuming device, so that an
electric current generated during operation of the battery or capacitor (200, 300) can be passed through the extended area of the metallic current collector foil (204, 212, 304, 312) to heat the extended area of the current collector foil (204, 212, 304, 312), wherein the extended area of the metallic current collector foil (204, 212, 304, 312) is available for use during operation of the battery or capacitor (200, 300), is dimensioned and malleable to touch and heat the battery or capacitor (200, 300) or to touch and heat a separate working battery or capacitor (200, 300).;