Antenna device and radar

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna device and a radar. The antenna device comprises a waveguide feed layer, a waveguide routing layer and a slot radiation layer, the waveguide feed layer comprises an outer waveguide cavity and an inner waveguide cavity, and a power division structure and a first inner waveguide transmission structure are arranged on the surface of the side, away from the waveguide feed layer, of the waveguide routing layer. An outer waveguide transmission structure and a second inner waveguide transmission structure are arranged on the surface of the side, close to the waveguide feed layer, of the waveguide routing layer, and the outer waveguide transmission structure is used for transmitting electromagnetic signals between the outer waveguide cavity and the power division structure. The first inner side waveguide transmission structure and the second inner side waveguide transmission structure are used for transmitting electromagnetic signals between the inner side waveguide cavity and the power division structure, and the slot radiation layer comprises a radiation slot arranged corresponding to the power division structure. The antenna device and the radar provided by the embodiment of the utility model have the advantages of high transmission efficiency, wide working bandwidth, flexible antenna layout, low batch production cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of radar antennas, in particular to an antenna device and a radar. Background Art

[0002] Due to the development of automotive electronics and the increasing demand for autonomous driving, millimeter-wave radar has become one of the key sensors for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving.

[0003] As people's requirements for driving safety and automotive functional safety levels increase, automotive radars are required to adapt to more complex road scenarios. In order to meet multi-scenario applications, radar performance must be improved. 4D millimeter-wave radar is an upgraded version of traditional millimeter-wave radar. Compared with traditional 3D millimeter-wave radar, 4D millimeter-wave radar has more antenna channels and can provide high-quality point clouds. The high-quality point cloud enables 4D millimeter-wave radar to break through the limitations in stationary target recognition, lateral movement detection, height recognition, distinguishing adjacent objects and detecting hidden vehicles, greatly expanding the application scope of millimeter-wave radar.

[0004] The antenna device in the traditional millimeter wave radar, the microstrip antenna and the monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) are usually integrated on the same printed circuit board (PCB). If the microstrip antenna and the MMIC are arranged on the same side of the PCB, the layout space of the antenna will be constrained; if the vertical backfeed technology is adopted, the microstrip antenna and the MMIC are placed on opposite sides of the PCB respectively, which will increase the transmission loss of the electromagnetic signal, and it is necessary to etch the pattern of the microstrip antenna on the double-sided copper-clad PCB board, which has a complex processing technology and high cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides an antenna device and a radar to solve the problems of limited antenna layout space, high transmission loss, complex process and high cost.

[0006] According to one aspect of the utility model, an antenna device is provided, comprising a waveguide feeding layer, a waveguide routing layer and a slot radiation layer which are stacked, wherein the waveguide routing layer is located between the waveguide feeding layer and the slot radiation layer;

[0007] A waveguide chip is arranged on a surface of the waveguide feeding layer away from the waveguide routing layer, wherein the waveguide chip comprises a plurality of waveguide interfaces, and the waveguide interfaces are used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals;

[0008] The waveguide feeding layer comprises a plurality of first waveguide cavities, and the plurality of first waveguide cavities are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of waveguide interfaces for transmitting the electromagnetic signal; the first waveguide cavity comprises an outer waveguide cavity and an inner waveguide cavity;

[0009] A plurality of power division structures are arranged on a surface of the waveguide routing layer away from the waveguide feeding layer;

[0010] The waveguide routing layer includes a plurality of transition waveguide cavities and a plurality of waveguide transmission structures;

[0011] Along the thickness direction of the waveguide routing layer, the transition waveguide cavity and the inner waveguide cavity overlap;

[0012] The waveguide transmission structure comprises an outer waveguide transmission structure located on a surface of the waveguide routing layer on one side close to the waveguide feeding layer, and the outer waveguide transmission structure is used to transmit the electromagnetic signal between the outer waveguide cavity and the power division structure;

[0013] The waveguide transmission structure further includes a first inner waveguide transmission structure located on a surface of the waveguide routing layer away from the waveguide feeding layer, and a second inner waveguide transmission structure located on a surface of the waveguide routing layer close to the waveguide feeding layer, and the transition waveguide cavity, the first inner waveguide transmission structure and the second inner waveguide transmission structure are used to transmit the electromagnetic signal between the inner waveguide cavity and the power division structure;

[0014] The slot radiation layer includes a plurality of radiation slots, and the plurality of radiation slots are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of power division structures.

[0015] Optionally, a surface of the waveguide routing layer close to the waveguide feeding layer and a surface of the waveguide routing layer away from the waveguide feeding layer are provided with a pin periodic structure, and the pin periodic structure is arranged around the outer waveguide transmission structure, the second inner waveguide transmission structure, the first inner waveguide transmission structure and the power division structure.

[0016] Optionally, the waveguide transmission structure includes a groove routing, and an upper surface of the groove routing is lower than an upper surface of the waveguide routing layer.

[0017] Optionally, the waveguide transmission structure further includes a matching structure, and at least a portion of the matching structure is located in the groove routing;

[0018] The matching structure comprises a first step structure, a second step structure and a third step structure which are sequentially arranged along the extension direction of the groove alignment;

[0019] The height of the first step structure is greater than or equal to the height of the second step structure, and the height of the second step structure is greater than or equal to the height of the third step structure;

[0020] The width of the first step structure is greater than or equal to the width of the second step structure, and the width of the second step structure is greater than or equal to the width of the third step structure.

[0021] Optionally, the power division structure includes a second waveguide cavity, a first distribution arm, and a second distribution arm;

[0022] The first distribution arm and the second distribution arm are respectively located at two opposite sides of the second waveguide cavity, and the first distribution arm and the second distribution arm are in a rotationally symmetrical relationship with respect to the second waveguide cavity;

[0023] The radiation slots include a first slot, a second slot, a third slot and a fourth slot;

[0024] The first slit and the second slit are both arranged corresponding to the first distributing arm, and the first slit and the second slit are arranged along the extending direction of the first distributing arm;

[0025] The third slit and the fourth slit are both arranged corresponding to the second distributing arm, and the third slit and the fourth slit are arranged along the extending direction of the second distributing arm.

[0026] Optionally, upper surfaces of the first distribution arm and the second distribution arm are both lower than an upper surface of the waveguide routing layer.

[0027] Optionally, a plurality of rectangular grooves are provided on the surface of the slot radiation layer away from the waveguide routing layer;

[0028] The rectangular grooves are respectively located on two opposite sides of the radiation slot.

[0029] Optionally, the waveguide feeding layer, the waveguide routing layer and the slot radiation layer are all provided with a first threaded hole;

[0030] The waveguide feeding layer, the waveguide routing layer and the slot radiation layer are fixedly connected by screws.

[0031] Optionally, the waveguide feeding layer is a FR4 dielectric board layer;

[0032] The waveguide routing layer and the slot radiation layer are plastic plate layers with metal layers plated on the surfaces.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present invention, a radar is provided, comprising any antenna device described in the first aspect.

[0034] The antenna device and radar provided by the embodiment of the utility model have the following advantages:

[0035] 1. The use of gap waveguide structure eliminates the limitation of component shielding. The waveguide transmission structure and antenna unit can be laid out over the entire radar cross-sectional area, which enables more freedom to optimize the physical layout of the antenna to achieve the best radiation pattern and directivity.

[0036] In the gap waveguide structure, the electromagnetic signal mainly propagates in the air cavity rather than in the metal conductor, which can greatly reduce the conductor loss and thus reduce the attenuation of the signal energy. It has low loss characteristics, which is conducive to the realization of large-scale array antennas and sparse antenna arrays, and improves the gain and directivity of the antenna.

[0037] The use of a gap waveguide structure eliminates the need to strictly align the waveguide feeding layer, waveguide routing layer and slot radiation layer to micron-level accuracy, allows a certain degree of mechanical tolerance, and eliminates the need for welding, which can greatly reduce the difficulty and cost of manufacturing and assembly.

[0038] The metal cavity in the gap waveguide structure not only provides a signal transmission channel, but also serves as a heat dissipation path to help the waveguide chip dissipate heat, which is beneficial to improving reliability and lifespan.

[0039] 2. The transmission of electromagnetic signals between the outer waveguide cavity and the power division structure is achieved through the outer waveguide transmission structure located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer on the side close to the waveguide feeding layer, and the transmission of electromagnetic signals between the inner waveguide cavity and the power division structure is achieved through the first inner waveguide transmission structure located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer away from the waveguide feeding layer and the second inner waveguide transmission structure located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer on the side close to the waveguide feeding layer, thereby making full use of the space on the two relative surfaces of the waveguide routing layer, avoiding mutual interference between different electromagnetic signals, and achieving a more compact antenna layout, which helps to save space.

[0040] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present utility model, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Other features of the present utility model will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0043] Figure 2 and Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide feeding layer provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0044] Figure 4 and Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide routing layer provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0045] Figure 6 and Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gap radiation layer provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0046] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide chip provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0047] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first waveguide cavity provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0048] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of return loss of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0049] Fig.11 The directional diagram of the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0050] Fig.12 A schematic structural diagram of a waveguide transmission structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0051] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the A-A' direction;

[0052] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a power splitter structure provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0053] Fig.15 for Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the structure along the B-B' direction;

[0054] Fig.16 A schematic structural diagram of a radiation gap provided in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the utility model described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide feeding layer provided in an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 4 and Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide routing layer provided in an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 6 and Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gap radiation layer provided in an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide chip provided by an embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes a waveguide feeding layer 11, a waveguide routing layer 12 and a slot radiation layer 13 which are stacked, and the waveguide routing layer 12 is located between the waveguide feeding layer 11 and the slot radiation layer 13. A waveguide chip 21 is arranged on the surface of the waveguide feeding layer 11 away from the waveguide routing layer 12, and the waveguide chip 21 includes a plurality of waveguide interfaces 211, and the waveguide interfaces 211 are used to send and receive electromagnetic signals. The waveguide feeding layer 11 includes a plurality of first waveguide cavities 111, and the plurality of first waveguide cavities 111 are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of waveguide interfaces 211 for transmitting electromagnetic signals. The first waveguide cavity 111 includes an outer waveguide cavity 111A and an inner waveguide cavity 111B. A plurality of power division structures 121 are arranged on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 away from the waveguide feeding layer 11. The waveguide routing layer 12 includes a plurality of transition waveguide cavities 122 and a plurality of waveguide transmission structures 123. Along the thickness direction of the waveguide routing layer 12, the transition waveguide cavity 122 and the inner waveguide cavity 111B overlap. The waveguide transmission structure 123 includes an outer waveguide transmission structure 123A located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 close to the waveguide feeding layer 11, and the outer waveguide transmission structure 123 is used to transmit electromagnetic signals between the outer waveguide cavity 111A and the power division structure 121. The waveguide transmission structure 123 also includes a first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 away from the waveguide feeding layer 11, and a second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 close to the waveguide feeding layer 11. The transition waveguide cavity 122, the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B and the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C are used to transmit electromagnetic signals between the inner waveguide cavity 111B and the power division structure 121. The slot radiation layer 13 includes a plurality of radiation slots 131 , and the plurality of radiation slots 131 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of power division structures 121 .

[0058] Specifically, Figure 3 FIG. 4 shows the surface structure of the waveguide feeding layer 11 away from the waveguide routing layer 12. Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, a waveguide chip 21 is disposed on the surface of the waveguide feeding layer 11 away from the waveguide routing layer 12 . The waveguide chip 21 has a waveguide interface 211 , and electromagnetic signals can be transmitted or received through the waveguide interface 211 .

[0059] For example, Figure 8 As shown, taking the waveguide chip 21 of the Infineon-CTRX8191F model as an example, the waveguide chip 21 includes 8 waveguide interfaces 211, and the 8 waveguide interfaces 211 are TX1, TX2, TX3 and TX4 for transmitting electromagnetic signals, and RX1, RX2, RX3 and RX4 for receiving electromagnetic signals, thereby forming 4 transmitting channels and 4 receiving channels.

[0060] Optionally, the working bandwidth supported by the waveguide chip 21 is 76 GHz to 81 GHz. This band is in an atmospheric window that is relatively less affected by water vapor and oxygen absorption, so that the attenuation of electromagnetic signals when propagating in the air is small, which is conducive to long-distance detection. At the same time, in autonomous driving and ADAS systems, the antenna device uses the 76 GHz to 81 GHz frequency band to provide higher resolution and shorter wavelength, which is conducive to building a miniaturized antenna array and achieving high-precision target detection.

[0061] In some embodiments, in addition to the waveguide chip 21, some peripheral circuit structures may be arranged on the surface of the waveguide feeding layer 11 on the side away from the waveguide routing layer 12. The peripheral circuit structures may include components such as capacitors, inductors, resistors, etc. to realize functions such as filtering, matching, attenuation and phase control.

[0062] In addition, when multiple antenna devices are used in cascade, a surface of the waveguide feeding layer 11 away from the waveguide routing layer 12 may be provided with structures such as power divider routing to evenly distribute the input electromagnetic signal to multiple antenna devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0063] Further, Figure 2 The surface structure of the waveguide feeding layer 11 close to the waveguide routing layer 12 is shown. Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, a plurality of first waveguide cavities 111 are provided on the waveguide feeding layer 11, and the first waveguide cavity 111 is a through-hole structure on the waveguide feeding layer 11. The waveguide interface 211 of the waveguide chip 21 is connected to the first waveguide cavity 111 in a one-to-one correspondence. The first waveguide cavity 111 can transmit the electromagnetic signal emitted by the waveguide interface 211 (for example, TX1, TX2, TX3, and TX4) of the waveguide chip 21 to the waveguide routing layer 12; or perform reverse transmission, and transmit the electromagnetic signal received by the antenna device to the waveguide interface 211 (for example, RX1, RX2, RX3, and RX4) of the waveguide chip 21 through the first waveguide cavity 111.

[0064] Among them, the size of the first waveguide cavity 111 can be 2.74*0.75mm, so that the size of the first waveguide cavity 111 matches the wavelength of the electromagnetic signal, ensuring that the electromagnetic signal of a specific frequency (for example, the 76GHz~81GHz frequency band) can pass effectively without causing excessive attenuation or distortion, but it is not limited to this.

[0065] It should be noted that the waveguide feed layer 11, the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 together constitute a waveguide antenna, and the first waveguide cavity 111 serves as a waveguide antenna port of the waveguide antenna. The waveguide chip 21 can be welded on the surface of the waveguide feed layer 11 away from the waveguide routing layer 12 to achieve a direct connection between the waveguide chip 21 and the waveguide antenna port, and then achieve a direct connection between the waveguide chip 21 and the waveguide antenna, which is beneficial to reduce the loss in the signal transmission process, but is not limited to this.

[0066] Optionally, the waveguide feeding layer 11 is a FR4 dielectric board layer. FR4 is a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate with good electrical insulation and mechanical strength, and relatively low cost, and is suitable for mass production.

[0067] The surface of the waveguide feeding layer 11 close to the waveguide routing layer 12 and the inner wall of the first waveguide cavity 111 are covered with a first metal layer, so that it has the function of guiding and radiating electromagnetic signals, wherein the first metal layer can be a copper layer, or a silver layer or a gold layer, which is beneficial to reduce the loss of electromagnetic signals during transmission.

[0068] Optionally, the thickness of the waveguide feeding layer 11 is greater than or equal to 1 mm. Sufficient thickness can provide better signal isolation and reduce signal crosstalk. At the same time, the waveguide feeding layer 11 needs to withstand certain mechanical stress. A larger thickness can improve the antenna device's ability to resist deformation and ensure stability and reliability in various environments.

[0069] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of first waveguide cavities 111 are arranged in an array to form a first waveguide cavity array. Along the first direction X, the first waveguide cavity 111 located at the outermost side of the first waveguide cavity array is an outer waveguide cavity 111A, and the first waveguide cavity 111 located between the outer waveguide cavities 111A is an inner waveguide cavity 111B; in other words, the outer waveguide cavity 111A extends outward along the first direction X without passing through any first waveguide cavity 111; the inner waveguide cavity 111B extends outward along the first direction X and passes through at least one first waveguide cavity 111. The first direction X is parallel to the surface of the waveguide feeding layer 11 close to the waveguide routing layer 12.

[0070] For example, Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first waveguide cavity provided in an embodiment of the utility model is shown as follows: Fig. 9As shown, the waveguide feeding layer 11 includes 8 first waveguide cavities 111 as an example for explanation. The 8 first waveguide cavities 111 are TX11, TX21, TX31, TX41, RX11, RX21, RX31 and RX41 respectively connected to the waveguide interfaces TX1, TX2, TX3, TX4, RX1, RX2, RX3 and RX4. The 8 first waveguide cavities 111 form a first waveguide cavity array with 2 rows and 4 columns. The first direction X is the row direction. Then, along the first direction X, RX41, RX11, TX31 and TX21 are the outer waveguide cavities 111A, and RX31, RX21, TX41 and TX11 are the inner waveguide cavities 111B.

[0071] Furthermore, there is a first air cavity between the waveguide routing layer 12 and the waveguide feeding layer 11 to form a gap waveguide structure between the waveguide routing layer 12 and the waveguide feeding layer 11. The first waveguide cavity 111 is connected to the first air cavity, and the electromagnetic signal can propagate in the form of a surface wave. The main energy is concentrated in the air between the waveguide routing layer 12 and the waveguide feeding layer 11. Compared with the microstrip line in the traditional radar, the gap waveguide has lower transmission loss in the millimeter wave frequency band. At the same time, due to the existence of the first air cavity, a certain degree of mechanical tolerance is allowed between the waveguide routing layer 12 and the waveguide feeding layer 11, and it is not necessary to strictly align to the micron level of accuracy, and there is no need for welding, which can greatly reduce the difficulty and cost of manufacturing and assembly.

[0072] Figure 4 The surface structure of the waveguide routing layer 12 close to the waveguide feeding layer 11 is shown. Figure 5 FIG. 4 shows the surface structure of the waveguide routing layer 12 away from the waveguide feeding layer 11. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of waveguide transmission structures 123 are provided on the waveguide routing layer 12, and the plurality of waveguide transmission structures 123 are coupled and connected with the plurality of first waveguide cavities 111 respectively. At the same time, a plurality of power division structures 121 are provided on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 away from the waveguide feeding layer 11, and the plurality of power division structures 121 are coupled and connected with the plurality of waveguide transmission structures 123 respectively, so that electromagnetic signal transmission between the first waveguide cavity 111 and the power division structure 121 is realized through the waveguide transmission structure 123.

[0073] Specifically, Figure 5As shown, the waveguide transmission structure 123 includes an outer waveguide transmission structure 123A located on the surface of one side of the waveguide routing layer 12 close to the waveguide feeding layer 11, one end of the outer waveguide transmission structure 123A is coupled to the outer waveguide cavity 111A, and the other end of the outer waveguide transmission structure 123A is coupled to the power division structure 121. The electromagnetic signal can be transmitted along the path formed by the outer waveguide cavity 111A, the outer waveguide transmission structure 123A and the power division structure 121, thereby realizing the transmission of the electromagnetic signal between the outer waveguide cavity 111A and the power division structure 121 through the outer waveguide transmission structure 123A.

[0074] For example, Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, the outer waveguide transmission structure 123A includes RX42, RX12, TX32 and TX22 respectively coupled to the outer waveguide cavities RX41, RX11, TX31 and TX21, and the outer waveguide transmission structures RX42, RX12, TX32 and TX22 are located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 close to the waveguide feeding layer 11, and are respectively coupled to the power division structures RX44, RX14, TX34 and TX24 located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 away from the waveguide feeding layer 11. The outer waveguide transmission structure RX42 is used to realize the transmission of electromagnetic signals between the outer waveguide cavity RX41 and the power division structure RX44, and the outer waveguide transmission structure RX12 is used to realize the transmission of electromagnetic signals between the outer waveguide cavity RX11 and the power division structure RX14, and so on.

[0075] Continue to refer Figure 4 and Figure 5 The waveguide transmission structure 123 also includes a first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B located on a side surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 away from the waveguide feeding layer 11, and a second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C located on a side surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 close to the waveguide feeding layer 11. One end of the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B is coupled to the inner waveguide cavity 111B, the other end of the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B is coupled to one end of the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C, and the other end of the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C is coupled to the power division structure 121. The electromagnetic signal can be transmitted along the path formed by the inner waveguide cavity 111B, the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B, the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C and the power division structure 121, so that the transmission of the electromagnetic signal between the outer waveguide cavity 111A and the power division structure 121 is realized through the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B and the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C.

[0076] Among them, the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B and the inner waveguide cavity 111B are coupled and connected through the transition waveguide cavity 122. The transition waveguide cavity 122 is a through-hole structure on the waveguide routing layer 12. Along the thickness direction of the waveguide routing layer 12, the transition waveguide cavity 122 and the inner waveguide cavity 111B overlap, so that the transition waveguide cavity 122 can effectively transmit electromagnetic signals between the two surfaces of the waveguide routing layer 12.

[0077] For example, Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B includes RX32, RX22, TX42 and TX12 respectively coupled to the inner waveguide cavities RX31, RX21, TX41 and TX11, and the first inner waveguide transmission structures RX32, RX22, TX42 and TX12 are located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 on the side away from the waveguide feeding layer 11, wherein the inner waveguide cavities RX31, RX21, TX41 and TX11 and the first inner waveguide transmission structures RX32, RX22, TX42 and TX12 are coupled to each other through transition waveguide cavities RX40, RX10, TX30 and TX20 respectively.

[0078] Furthermore, the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C includes RX33, RX23, TX43 and TX13 respectively coupled to the first inner waveguide transmission structures RX32, RX22, TX42 and TX12, and the second inner waveguide transmission structures RX33, RX23, TX43 and TX13 are located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 on one side close to the waveguide feeding layer 11, wherein the first inner waveguide transmission structures RX32, RX22, TX42 and TX12 and the second inner waveguide transmission structures RX33, RX23, TX43 and TX13 are respectively coupled and connected through the third waveguide cavity 124, and the third waveguide cavity 124 is a through-hole structure on the waveguide routing layer 12.

[0079] The second inner waveguide transmission structures RX33, RX23, TX43 and TX13 are respectively coupled and connected with the power division structures RX34, RX24, TX44 and TX14 located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 away from the waveguide feeding layer 11. The first inner waveguide transmission structure RX32 and the second inner waveguide transmission structure RX33 are used to realize the transmission of electromagnetic signals between the outer waveguide cavity RX31 and the power division structure RX34, and the first inner waveguide transmission structure RX22 and the second inner waveguide transmission structure RX23 are used to realize the transmission of electromagnetic signals between the outer waveguide cavity RX21 and the power division structure RX24, and so on.

[0080] Among them, the transmission of electromagnetic signals is realized between the outer waveguide cavity 111A and the power division structure 121 through the outer waveguide transmission structure 123A located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 on the side close to the waveguide feeding layer 11; the transmission of electromagnetic signals is realized between the inner waveguide cavity 111B and the power division structure 121 through the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 on the side away from the waveguide feeding layer 11 and the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 on the side close to the waveguide feeding layer 11, thereby making full use of the space on the two relative surfaces of the waveguide routing layer 12, avoiding mutual interference between different electromagnetic signals, and realizing a more compact antenna layout.

[0081] Illustratively, the overall size of the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present utility model can be 63*54*5.8 mm, which can realize the miniaturized design of the antenna device.

[0082] Further, Figure 6 The surface structure of the slot radiation layer 13 away from the waveguide wiring layer 12 is shown. Figure 7 The surface structure of the slot radiation layer 13 near the waveguide wiring layer 12 is shown. Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, there is a second air cavity between the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13, and a plurality of radiation slots 131 are arranged on the slot radiation layer 13, and the radiation slots 131 are connected to the second air cavity. The plurality of radiation slots 131 are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of power division structures 121, and each group of power division structures 121 and radiation slots 131 together constitute an antenna unit, and the radiation slots 131 can convert the electromagnetic signal on the power division structure 121 into electromagnetic radiation in free space. Among them, a gap waveguide slot antenna structure is formed between the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13. Compared with the microstrip antenna in the traditional radar, the transmission loss of the gap waveguide in the millimeter wave frequency band is lower. At the same time, due to the existence of the second air cavity, a certain degree of mechanical tolerance is allowed between the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13, and it is not necessary to strictly align to the micron level precision, and there is no need for welding, which can greatly reduce the difficulty and cost of manufacturing and assembly.

[0083] In this embodiment, eight antenna units are taken as an example for description, and the eight antenna units include four wide waveguide slot antennas for transmitting signals and four wide waveguide slot antennas for receiving signals, but it is not limited thereto.

[0084] Optionally, the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 may be plastic plate layers with a metal layer plated on the surface. By utilizing the low loss characteristics of plastic and the high conductivity of metal, the first air cavity and the second air cavity form a metal cavity that can both protect the internal signal and effectively guide the signal, thereby limiting the electromagnetic signal to propagate in a predetermined path, avoiding signal scattering and loss, and improving transmission efficiency.

[0085] The waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 can be prepared by mold injection molding and surface metallization process. Specifically, the plastic structure of the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 is first formed by injection molding of plastic particles or by 3D printing, and then a metal layer is prepared on the plastic structure of the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 to enable the metal layer to have the function of guiding and radiating electromagnetic signals. The manufacturing method has a simple molding process, low cost, can significantly improve production efficiency, and is suitable for mass production.

[0086] In other embodiments, the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 may also be made of metal plate layers, such as aluminum plates. The metal plate layers can provide higher mechanical strength and rigidity, which helps to maintain the integrity and stability of the structure when subjected to external pressure or vibration.

[0087] Among them, the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 can be processed by a computer numerical control (CNC) machine. During the production process, computer control and rotating multi-point tools are used to gradually remove unnecessary metal parts in the metal block to form a waveguide routing layer 12 and slot radiation layer 13 structure that meets the design requirements.

[0088] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the return loss of the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, wherein the horizontal axis represents the frequency in GHz; the vertical axis represents the return loss in dB. Fig.10 As shown, the eight waveguide interfaces (TX1, TX2, TX3, TX4, RX1, RX2, RX3 and RX4) in the antenna device can cover the frequency band required by the vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar in the matching band of -10 dB, meeting the application requirements of the vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar.

[0089] Fig.11 The directional diagram of the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, wherein the horizontal axis represents the azimuth angle, the unit is degree (deg); the vertical axis represents the gain, the unit is dB. Fig.11 As shown, in modes with azimuth angles of 0 degrees and 90 degrees respectively, the antenna device provides a radiation pattern with a wide main lobe, which can meet the field of view angle range requirements of the vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar.

[0090] The antenna device provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0091] 1. The use of gap waveguide structure eliminates the limitation of component shielding. The waveguide transmission structure and antenna unit can be laid out over the entire radar cross-sectional area, which enables more freedom to optimize the physical layout of the antenna to achieve the best radiation pattern and directivity, solving the problem of limited antenna layout space.

[0092] In the gap waveguide structure, the electromagnetic signal mainly propagates in the air cavity rather than in the metal conductor, which can greatly reduce the conductor loss and thus reduce the attenuation of the signal energy. It has low loss characteristics, which is conducive to the realization of large-scale array antennas and sparse antenna arrays, and improves the gain and directivity of the antenna.

[0093] The use of a gap waveguide structure eliminates the need to strictly align the waveguide feeding layer, waveguide routing layer and slot radiation layer to micron-level accuracy, allows a certain degree of mechanical tolerance, and eliminates the need for welding, which can greatly reduce the difficulty and cost of manufacturing and assembly.

[0094] The metal cavity in the gap waveguide structure not only provides a signal transmission channel, but also serves as a heat dissipation path to help the waveguide chip dissipate heat, which is beneficial to improving reliability and lifespan.

[0095] 2. The transmission of electromagnetic signals is achieved between the outer waveguide cavity and the power division structure through the outer waveguide transmission structure located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer close to the waveguide feeding layer; the transmission of electromagnetic signals is achieved between the inner waveguide cavity and the power division structure through the first inner waveguide transmission structure located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer away from the waveguide feeding layer and the second inner waveguide transmission structure located on the surface of the waveguide routing layer close to the waveguide feeding layer, thereby making full use of the space on the two relative surfaces of the waveguide routing layer, avoiding mutual interference between different electromagnetic signals, and achieving a more compact antenna layout, which helps to save space.

[0096] In summary, the antenna device provided in the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, wide working bandwidth, flexible antenna layout, low batch production cost, etc. When applied to radar, it can improve the overall performance of the radar.

[0097] Continue to refer Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 Optionally, a pin periodic structure 30 is provided on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 close to the waveguide feeding layer 11 and on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 away from the waveguide feeding layer 11, and the pin periodic structure 30 is respectively arranged around the outer waveguide transmission structure 123A, the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C, the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B and the power division structure 121.

[0098] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the pin periodic structure 30 includes a plurality of pins, and the plurality of pins are arranged in a certain period, which can suppress the transmission of electromagnetic signals in certain frequency bands. The frequency band of electromagnetic signal transmission can be controlled by changing the shape and size of the pin periodic structure 30, and the embodiment of the utility model does not make specific limitations on this.

[0099] The pin periodic structure 30 is respectively arranged around the outer waveguide transmission structure 123A, the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C, the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B and the power division structure 121, which can suppress the electromagnetic signal coupling between the outer waveguide transmission structure 123A and the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C, and between the first inner waveguide transmission structure 123B and the power division structure 121, improve the isolation between each waveguide antenna port, and facilitate the expansion of the routing space.

[0100] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a waveguide transmission structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model, Fig.13 for Fig.12 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the A-A' direction is as follows: Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, optionally, the waveguide transmission structure 123 includes a groove trace 1231 , and a surface 41 of the groove trace 1231 is lower than an upper surface 42 of the waveguide trace layer 12 .

[0101] Specifically, Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, the groove routing 1231 is used to realize the propagation of electromagnetic signals in a direction parallel to the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 .

[0102] The groove routing 1231 is a groove structure arranged in the waveguide routing layer 12, and its inner wall is covered with a metal layer, which helps to guide the electromagnetic wave to propagate along a predetermined path and reduce signal leakage and loss.

[0103] like Fig.13 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper surface 41 of the groove routing 1231 is lower than the upper surface 42 of the waveguide routing layer 12. When multiple groove routings 1231 are closely arranged, the coupling effect between them will be smaller than that of the traditional microstrip line structure, which helps to reduce signal interference between adjacent waveguide transmission structures 123.

[0104] At the same time, the upper surface 41 of the groove routing 1231 is lower than the upper surface 42 of the waveguide routing layer 12, which also helps to reduce the height of the pin periodic structure 30, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the antenna device and achieving a lightweight design. In addition, the reduced height of the pin periodic structure 30 can make the pin periodic structure 30 less likely to bend or break, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the antenna device.

[0105] It should be noted that the upper surface 41 of the groove routing 1231 refers to the bottom surface of the groove structure thereof, and the upper surface 42 of the waveguide routing layer 12 refers to the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 on which the groove routing 1231 is arranged.

[0106] Furthermore, the depth of the groove routing 1231 (ie, the distance between the upper surface 41 of the groove routing 1231 and the upper surface 42 of the waveguide routing layer 12 along the thickness direction of the waveguide routing layer 12) may be 0.2 mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0107] Continue to refer Fig.12 Optionally, the waveguide transmission structure 123 further includes a matching structure 50, at least part of which is located in the groove routing 1231, and the matching structure 50 includes a first step structure 501, a second step structure 502, and a third step structure 503 arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the groove routing 1231, the height of the first step structure 501 is greater than or equal to the height of the second step structure 502, and the height of the second step structure 502 is greater than or equal to the height of the third step structure 503. The width of the first step structure 501 is greater than or equal to the width of the second step structure 502, and the width of the second step structure 502 is greater than or equal to the width of the third step structure 503.

[0108] When the electromagnetic signal is transmitted from one side surface of the waveguide wiring layer 12 to the other side surface opposite thereto, it is usually transmitted in a vertical direction (i.e., the thickness direction of the waveguide wiring layer 12); when the electromagnetic signal is transmitted along the groove wiring 1231, it is usually transmitted in a horizontal direction (i.e., the direction parallel to the plane where the waveguide wiring layer 12 is located). The matching structure 50 is used to guide the transition conversion of the electromagnetic signal from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, and at the same time ensure the impedance matching of the electromagnetic signal in this process, thereby reducing the transmission loss of the electromagnetic signal.

[0109] Among them, Fig.12 As shown, the electromagnetic signal transitions from one surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 to the other surface at the end of the groove routing 1231, and changes from vertical transmission to horizontal transmission. Therefore, locating the matching structure 50 at the end of the groove routing 1231 helps to perform impedance matching while converting the direction of the electromagnetic signal, ensuring that the signal can be transmitted efficiently.

[0110] Furthermore, if Fig.12 As shown, the first step structure 501, the second step structure 502 and the third step structure 503 in the matching structure 50 are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the groove routing 1231, and the first step structure 501 is located on the side of the second step structure 502 away from the geometric center of the groove routing 1231, and the third step structure 503 is located on the side of the second step structure 502 close to the geometric center of the groove routing 1231.

[0111] Among them, the height of the first step structure 501 is greater than or equal to the height of the second step structure 502, the height of the second step structure 502 is greater than or equal to the height of the third step structure 503, and the width of the first step structure 501 is greater than or equal to the width of the second step structure 502, and the width of the second step structure 502 is greater than or equal to the width of the third step structure 503. Such an arrangement helps to expand the working bandwidth of the antenna device, so that the antenna device can maintain good impedance matching in a wider frequency range, thereby improving the bandwidth performance of the antenna.

[0112] It should be noted that the width of the above-mentioned first step structure 501 refers to the length of the first step structure 501 in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement of the first step structure 501, the second step structure 502 and the third step structure 503; the width of the second step structure 502 refers to the length of the second step structure 502 in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement of the first step structure 501, the second step structure 502 and the third step structure 503; the width of the third step structure 503 refers to the length of the third step structure 503 in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement of the first step structure 501, the second step structure 502 and the third step structure 503.

[0113] In addition, the matching structure 50 may be partially located in the groove structure of the groove routing 1231 , or may be completely located in the groove structure of the groove routing 1231 , and the embodiment of the utility model does not make any specific limitation to this.

[0114] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a power splitter structure provided in an embodiment of the utility model. Fig.15 for Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the structure along the B-B' direction, Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a radiation gap structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model, such as Figure 14-16 As shown, optionally, the power division structure 121 includes a second waveguide cavity 1211, a first distribution arm 1212 and a second distribution arm 1213, the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 are respectively located on opposite sides of the second waveguide cavity 1211, and the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the second waveguide cavity 1211. The radiation slot 131 includes a first slot 1311, a second slot 1312, a third slot 1313 and a fourth slot 1314, the first slot 1311 and the second slot 1312 are both arranged corresponding to the first distribution arm 1212, and the first slot 1311 and the second slot 1312 are arranged along the extension direction of the first distribution arm 1212; the third slot 1313 and the fourth slot 1314 are both arranged corresponding to the second distribution arm 1213, and the third slot 1313 and the fourth slot 1314 are arranged along the extension direction of the second distribution arm 1213.

[0115] Specifically, Fig.14 and Fig.16 As shown, the power division structure 121 includes a second waveguide cavity 1211, which is a through-hole structure on the slot radiation layer 13. The outer waveguide transmission structure 123A and the power division structure 121 are coupled through the second waveguide cavity 1211. Similarly, the second inner waveguide transmission structure 123C and the power division structure 121 are also coupled through the second waveguide cavity 1211.

[0116] Furthermore, the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 are respectively located on opposite sides of the second waveguide cavity 1211, and the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 are used to equally distribute the electromagnetic signal. The first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the second waveguide cavity 1211 to form a bottom center feeding structure, which helps to reduce the lateral layout size, thereby achieving efficient signal distribution in a limited space.

[0117] Furthermore, if Fig.14 and Fig.16 As shown, in the radiation slot 131, the arrangement direction of the first slot 1311, the second slot 1312, the third slot 1313 and the fourth slot 1314 is the same as the arrangement direction of the first distribution arm 1212, the second waveguide cavity 1211 and the second distribution arm 1213, and the extension direction of the first slot 1311, the second slot 1312, the third slot 1313 and the fourth slot 1314 is the same as the arrangement direction of the first slot 1311, the second slot 1312, the third slot 1313 and the fourth slot 1314.

[0118] Among them, along the thickness direction of the slot radiation layer 13, the first slot 1311 at least partially overlaps with the first distribution arm 1212, and the second slot 1312 at least partially overlaps with the first distribution arm 1212, and the first distribution arm 1212 can distribute the electromagnetic signal to the first slot 1311 and the second slot 1312. Similarly, along the thickness direction of the slot radiation layer 13, the third slot 1313 at least partially overlaps with the second distribution arm 1213, and the fourth slot 1314 at least partially overlaps with the second distribution arm 1213, and the second distribution arm 1213 can distribute the electromagnetic signal to the third slot 1313 and the fourth slot 1314.

[0119] By adopting the above structure, the antenna device can achieve high-gain radiation in a specific direction, while reducing unnecessary side lobe and back lobe radiation, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna device.

[0120] Continue to refer Fig.14 and Fig.15Optionally, the upper surface 43 of the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 are both lower than the upper surface 44 of the waveguide routing layer 12 .

[0121] Specifically, the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 can be a groove structure set in the waveguide routing layer 12, and the upper surface 43 of the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 is lower than the upper surface 44 of the waveguide routing layer 12. When multiple power division structures 121 are closely arranged, the coupling effect between them will be smaller than that of the traditional microstrip line structure, which helps to reduce signal interference between adjacent power division structures 121.

[0122] At the same time, the upper surface 43 of the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 is lower than the upper surface 44 of the waveguide routing layer 12, which helps to reduce the height of the pin periodic structure 30, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the antenna device and achieving a lightweight design. In addition, the reduced height of the pin periodic structure 30 can make the pin periodic structure 30 less likely to bend or break, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the antenna device.

[0123] It should be noted that the upper surface 43 of the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 refers to the bottom surface of their groove structure, and the upper surface 44 of the waveguide routing layer 12 refers to the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 on which the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 are set.

[0124] Furthermore, the depth of the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 (i.e., the distance between the upper surface 43 of the first distribution arm 1212 and the second distribution arm 1213 and the upper surface 44 of the waveguide routing layer 12 along the thickness direction of the waveguide routing layer 12) can be 0.2 mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0125] Continue to refer Figure 1 and Figure 6 Optionally, a plurality of rectangular grooves 60 are provided on the surface of the slot radiation layer 13 away from the waveguide routing layer 12 , and the rectangular grooves 60 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the radiation slot 131 .

[0126] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, rectangular grooves 60 are provided on opposite sides of the radiation slot 131. The rectangular grooves 60 can destroy the continuity of the surface wave. By introducing additional phase delay, the surface waves generated at different positions are in opposite phases, thereby achieving surface wave phase cancellation. This can reduce the negative impact of the surface wave on the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna, improve the main lobe gain of the antenna, suppress the side lobes, and optimize the overall radiation performance of the antenna.

[0127] Among them, the rectangular groove 60 is a groove structure arranged on the slot radiation layer 13, and its depth is less than the thickness of the slot radiation layer 13. On the one hand, it can prevent the electromagnetic signal energy from dissipating in an unintended radiation direction and maintain the high efficiency and directional radiation capability of the antenna; on the other hand, it can maintain the mechanical strength of the slot radiation layer 13 and ensure the stability of the overall structure.

[0128] It should be noted that the number and size of the rectangular grooves 60 can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the utility model does not make specific limitations on this.

[0129] Continue to refer Figure 1-Figure 7 Optionally, a first threaded hole 71 is provided on the waveguide feeding layer 11 , the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 , and the waveguide feeding layer 11 , the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 are fixedly connected by a first screw 72 .

[0130] Specifically, Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a first screw 72 is passed through a first threaded hole 71 on the waveguide feeding layer 11, the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 to achieve positioning connection between the waveguide feeding layer 11, the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13. Compared with other connection methods such as welding, no complicated equipment is required, the complexity of the production process is reduced, the processing accuracy is well guaranteed, the assembly process is simple, and the processing cost is relatively low.

[0131] At the same time, the waveguide feeding layer 11, the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13 are connected by the first screws 72, which allows for quick disassembly and reassembly, and facilitates maintenance or upgrading during use.

[0132] Optionally, the first screw 72 may be an M2 screw, which ensures a stable connection between the layers without taking up too much space, and is beneficial to the overall miniaturization design of the antenna device, but is not limited thereto.

[0133] Furthermore, the first screw 72 can be inserted from the first threaded hole 71 on the waveguide feed layer 11, and after passing through the first threaded hole 71 on the waveguide routing layer 12, it is fastened with the first threaded hole 71 on the slot radiation layer 13. While achieving reliable connection between the waveguide feed layer 11, the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13, the first screw 72 may not be exposed to the surface of the slot radiation layer 13, which is beneficial to improving the aesthetics.

[0134] Continue to refer Figure 1-Figure 7 Optionally, a second threaded hole 73 is provided on the waveguide feeding layer 11, the waveguide routing layer 12 and the slot radiation layer 13, and the antenna device is fixedly connected to the carrier by passing a second screw (not shown in the figure) through the second threaded hole 73.

[0135] Among them, the use of the second screw to fix the antenna device to the carrier can make the installation and removal of the antenna device simple and quick, and facilitate on-site deployment and subsequent maintenance or upgrading.

[0136] Optionally, the second threaded holes 73 may be provided at four corners of the antenna device, which helps to accurately position the antenna device and the carrier and helps to ensure a stable connection of the antenna device to the carrier.

[0137] Optionally, the second screw may be a screw of M2 specification, but is not limited thereto.

[0138] Furthermore, the second screw can be inserted from the second threaded hole 73 on the slot radiation layer 13 , and after passing through the second threaded holes 73 on the waveguide routing layer 12 and the waveguide feeding layer 11 , it is fastened to the carrier, which is convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0139] It should be noted that the carrier may be a shell of the radar, but is not limited thereto.

[0140] Continue to refer Figure 1-Figure 7 Optionally, a reinforcing rib structure 80 is provided on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 close to the waveguide feeding layer 11 and on the surface of the waveguide routing layer 12 away from the waveguide feeding layer 11, and the reinforcing rib structure 80 is arranged around the first threaded hole 71 and / or the second threaded hole 73.

[0141] The reinforcing rib structure 80 is a protruding structure on the waveguide routing layer 12, which is used to increase the structural strength, suppress warping, and reduce processing risks.

[0142] Furthermore, the reinforcing rib structure 80 is arranged around the first threaded hole 71 and / or the second threaded hole 73, which can help disperse the concentrated stress generated by screw tightening, help reduce material cracks or hole deviations that may occur during the processing, and improve processing accuracy and product quality.

[0143] The specific position and size of the reinforcing rib structure 80 can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the utility model does not make specific limitations on this.

[0144] It should be noted that the antenna device provided in the embodiment of the utility model can be used alone or in cascade to expand the number of channels and realize more transmitting channels and receiving channels. When applied to 4D radar, the angular resolution in the horizontal and pitch directions can be improved, and the recognition of different targets can be enhanced. This modular design improves the flexibility and scalability of the radar system, and the performance of the radar can be adjusted according to specific application requirements.

[0145] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the utility model further provides a radar, which includes the antenna device described in any embodiment of the utility model. Therefore, the radar provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the technical effect of the technical solution in any of the above embodiments, and the structures that are the same or corresponding to the above embodiments and the explanation of terms are not repeated here.

[0146] The radar provided in the embodiment of the utility model can be a 4D millimeter-wave radar, which can generate high-precision point cloud data to build a detailed image of the surrounding environment, including information such as the distance, speed, direction and height of the target, and can realize the classification and behavior prediction of the target, thereby providing key decision-making basis for applications such as advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving.

[0147] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that: It comprises a waveguide feeding layer, a waveguide routing layer and a slot radiation layer which are stacked, wherein the waveguide routing layer is located between the waveguide feeding layer and the slot radiation layer; A waveguide chip is arranged on a surface of the waveguide feeding layer away from the waveguide routing layer, wherein the waveguide chip comprises a plurality of waveguide interfaces, and the waveguide interfaces are used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals; The waveguide feeding layer comprises a plurality of first waveguide cavities, and the plurality of first waveguide cavities are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of waveguide interfaces for transmitting the electromagnetic signal; the first waveguide cavity comprises an outer waveguide cavity and an inner waveguide cavity; A plurality of power division structures are arranged on a surface of the waveguide routing layer away from the waveguide feeding layer; The waveguide routing layer includes a plurality of transition waveguide cavities and a plurality of waveguide transmission structures; Along the thickness direction of the waveguide routing layer, the transition waveguide cavity and the inner waveguide cavity overlap; The waveguide transmission structure comprises an outer waveguide transmission structure located on a surface of the waveguide routing layer on one side close to the waveguide feeding layer, and the outer waveguide transmission structure is used to transmit the electromagnetic signal between the outer waveguide cavity and the power division structure; The waveguide transmission structure further includes a first inner waveguide transmission structure located on a surface of the waveguide routing layer away from the waveguide feeding layer, and a second inner waveguide transmission structure located on a surface of the waveguide routing layer close to the waveguide feeding layer, and the transition waveguide cavity, the first inner waveguide transmission structure and the second inner waveguide transmission structure are used to transmit the electromagnetic signal between the inner waveguide cavity and the power division structure; The slot radiation layer includes a plurality of radiation slots, and the plurality of radiation slots are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of power division structures.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that A pin periodic structure is provided on a surface of the waveguide routing layer close to the waveguide feeding layer and a surface of the waveguide routing layer away from the waveguide feeding layer, and the pin periodic structure is provided around the outer waveguide transmission structure, the second inner waveguide transmission structure, the first inner waveguide transmission structure and the power division structure.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The waveguide transmission structure includes a groove routing, and an upper surface of the groove routing is lower than an upper surface of the waveguide routing layer.

4. The antenna device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The waveguide transmission structure further includes a matching structure, at least a portion of which is located within the groove routing; The matching structure comprises a first step structure, a second step structure and a third step structure which are sequentially arranged along the extension direction of the groove alignment; The height of the first step structure is greater than or equal to the height of the second step structure, and the height of the second step structure is greater than or equal to the height of the third step structure; The width of the first step structure is greater than or equal to the width of the second step structure, and the width of the second step structure is greater than or equal to the width of the third step structure.

5. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power division structure includes a second waveguide cavity, a first distribution arm and a second distribution arm; The first distribution arm and the second distribution arm are respectively located at two opposite sides of the second waveguide cavity, and the first distribution arm and the second distribution arm are in a rotationally symmetrical relationship with respect to the second waveguide cavity; The radiation slots include a first slot, a second slot, a third slot and a fourth slot; The first slit and the second slit are both arranged corresponding to the first distributing arm, and the first slit and the second slit are arranged along the extending direction of the first distributing arm; The third slit and the fourth slit are both arranged corresponding to the second distributing arm, and the third slit and the fourth slit are arranged along the extending direction of the second distributing arm.

6. The antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that The upper surfaces of the first distribution arm and the second distribution arm are both lower than the upper surface of the waveguide routing layer.

7. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rectangular grooves are arranged on the surface of the slot radiation layer away from the waveguide routing layer; The rectangular grooves are respectively located on two opposite sides of the radiation slot.

8. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The waveguide feeding layer, the waveguide routing layer and the slot radiation layer are all provided with a first threaded hole; The waveguide feeding layer, the waveguide routing layer and the slot radiation layer are fixedly connected by screws.

9. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide feeding layer is a FR4 dielectric board layer; The waveguide routing layer and the slot radiation layer are plastic plate layers with metal layers plated on the surfaces.

10. A radar, characterized in that: The invention comprises the antenna device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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