Height differential type rural sewage integrated treatment device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a sewage treatment device, and particularly relates to a height differential type rural sewage integrated treatment device. Comprising an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank and a pretreatment tank, the energy consumption in the sewage treatment process is reduced by setting the height difference of adjacent functional units, and a filler attached with microorganisms is used as a main means of biochemical treatment; materials in the aerobic tank are output to the disinfection tank, and the material output of the disinfection tank is communicated with the outside. The utility model solves the technical problems of high equipment operation cost, easiness in causing secondary pollution, damage to aquatic ecosystem and the like in the prior art, and has the advantages of low operation and maintenance cost, difficulty in causing secondary pollution and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to a sewage treatment device, in particular to a highly graded integrated rural sewage treatment device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the rural economy and the continuous improvement of farmers' living standards, the discharge of rural domestic sewage has increased year by year.

[0003] Compared with urban sewage, rural sewage has the following characteristics: First, it is dispersed: rural settlements are relatively dispersed, so the sewage generated is also relatively dispersed, unlike urban sewage, which is concentrated in a few areas. Second, the water quality and quantity vary greatly: the water quantity and quality of rural sewage are greatly affected by the season, weather and residents' living habits. For example, the amount of sewage will increase during the rainy season and the busy farming season. Third, the scale of treatment facilities is small: due to the low population density in rural areas, the amount of sewage generated is relatively small, so the scale of sewage treatment facilities is also small. Fourth, the composition is relatively simple: rural sewage usually contains less industrial wastewater and commercial sewage, and the composition is relatively simple compared to urban sewage, mainly from domestic washing, kitchen waste and toilet excrement. Fifth, the treatment level is uneven: due to differences in economic development level and environmental protection awareness, the level of rural sewage treatment varies greatly in different regions, and some regions may not have a complete sewage treatment system. Sixth, there is great potential for reuse: rural sewage has a high content of organic matter and nutrients. After proper treatment, it has great potential for resource utilization, such as agricultural irrigation and garden water. Seventh, management and maintenance are difficult: Due to the relatively weak professional and technical forces in rural areas, the management and maintenance of sewage treatment facilities may face greater challenges.

[0004] The existing rural sewage treatment equipment has the following problems: First, the equipment has high operating costs and high energy consumption, which is not suitable for rural areas with relatively poor economic conditions; second, the equipment is complicated to operate and requires professional maintenance, while rural areas generally lack professional and technical personnel; third, the core process of existing traditional rural sewage integrated treatment equipment adopts biological and chemical treatment methods, which is easy to cause secondary pollution and may cause harm to the environment and human health; fourth, certain chemical agents may have adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems, destroy biodiversity in water bodies, and affect the growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms.

[0005] The patent documents retrieved by the applicant include:

[0006] A small-scale decentralized rural sewage treatment equipment and treatment method is disclosed in the patent document with publication number CN115701414A. The problems existing in the prior art are: first, its process adopts a biological and chemical treatment method, which is easy to cause secondary pollution and harm to the environment and human health. At the same time, certain chemical agents will have an adverse effect on aquatic ecosystems, destroy the biodiversity in water bodies, and affect the growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms; second, it is necessary to provide electric energy for the dosing equipment, and the use of agents increases capital investment, which is not suitable for use in rural areas with relatively poor economic conditions.

[0007] The applicant has not found any document identical or similar to the present application in the domestic patent database. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a height-difference integrated rural sewage treatment device, which reduces the energy consumption in the sewage treatment process by setting the height difference of each adjacent functional unit, uses the filler with attached microorganisms as the main means of biochemical treatment, effectively avoids secondary pollution and adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystem, and reduces cost investment.

[0009] The overall technical concept of the utility model is:

[0010] Highly graded integrated rural sewage treatment device, including anaerobic tank and aerobic tank; among which:

[0011] A. A pretreatment tank is provided, the pretreatment tank includes a water inlet pipe opened above the first box body, and a filtering inclined plate arranged below the first box body; the first box body is provided with an opening for the material below the filtering inclined plate to be output to the anaerobic tank, and the anaerobic tank is arranged below the first box body;

[0012] B. The anaerobic tank includes a spherical volcanic rock filler disposed in the second box and attached with anaerobic microorganisms, and the material in the second box is output to the aerobic tank through the opening at the lower part of the first partition on one side thereof;

[0013] C. The aerobic pool includes an aerobic suspended filler arranged inside the third box and attached with aerobic microorganisms, and an aeration mechanism for supplying oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms. The material in the third box is output to the disinfection pool through the opening on the second partition on one side of the third box, and the material output of the disinfection pool is connected to the outside; the opening on the second partition is not higher than the opening on the first box for material output.

[0014] The specific technical concepts of the utility model include:

[0015] In order to remove heavy metal ions and other pollutants in sewage, further decompose organic matter in sewage into inorganic matter, remove nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage through nitrification and denitrification, and achieve further purification of sewage, the preferred technical implementation means is to also provide an artificial wetland, which includes a fourth box, a volcanic rock filler with microorganisms attached to it arranged in the fourth box, and aquatic plants planted in the volcanic rock filler. The material in the fourth box is output to the disinfection pool through the lower opening of the third partition on one side thereof, and the lower opening of the third partition is not higher than the opening on the second partition.

[0016] The main function of the disinfection pool is to kill microorganisms such as Escherichia coli in sewage so that the effluent from the device meets the discharge requirements. The disinfection pool can adopt sterilization measures including but not limited to ultraviolet lamps, ozone, etc.; the preferred technical implementation method is that the disinfection pool includes a fifth box, an ultraviolet lamp arranged in the fifth box, the ultraviolet lamp is connected to an external power supply, the material input end of the fifth box is connected to the material output end of the third box or the fourth box, and the fifth box is provided with an outlet pipe for outputting materials to the outside.

[0017] The main function of the aeration mechanism is to provide aerobic conditions and an oxygen-rich environment for aerobic microorganisms. The preferred technical implementation method is that the aeration mechanism includes an air inlet pipe, an aeration pump, and an aeration pipe; the exhaust end of the aeration pipe is opened in the aerobic suspended filler, and the aeration pump is connected to an external power supply.

[0018] In order to facilitate uniform distribution of aeration pipes in the aerobic suspended filler and further optimize the oxygen-rich environment of aerobic microorganisms, a preferred technical implementation is that the aeration pipes include an aeration main pipe and an aeration branch pipe connected thereto.

[0019] The main function of the air inlet pipe is to provide an air source for the aeration mechanism. In order to further reduce the odor of the device and reduce the odor emission in the pretreatment tank, the preferred technical implementation method is that the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe is located in the upper cavity of the pretreatment tank.

[0020] In order to reduce power consumption and lower equipment maintenance costs, the preferred technical implementation method is that the external power supply adopts a photovoltaic component, which includes a solar panel and a battery electrically connected thereto.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, the terms "output", "input", "below", "lower", "above", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of simplifying the description of the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operate in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", and "fifth" are only used to describe the difference and cannot be understood as implying importance.

[0022] The technical progress achieved by the utility model is:

[0023] 1. In the utility model, adjacent functional units such as pretreatment tank, anaerobic tank, aerobic tank, disinfection tank, etc. adopt an integrated structure and are arranged in a stepped height. First, gravity is fully utilized to realize the material flow in the sewage treatment process, which effectively reduces energy consumption and reduces equipment construction and maintenance costs; second, it is easy to realize operation management and reduce operation and maintenance costs; third, the equipment structure is compact, and idle land in rural areas can be fully utilized to realize device installation.

[0024] 2. The utility model can adjust the treatment process and process parameters of functional units such as pretreatment tanks, anaerobic tanks, aerobic tanks and artificial wetlands according to actual needs. First, it can adapt to the water treatment needs of different regions and environments and the treatment effect is stable; second, it can achieve deep purification of sewage and improve the quality and availability of water bodies. After the applicant tried it out, the water quality after the device was treated was tested, and the effluent water quality can meet the first-level standard requirements in the "Hebei Rural Domestic Sewage Discharge Standard" (DB13 / 2171-2020).

[0025] 3. The utility model adopts technical measures such as fillers with attached microorganisms set in anaerobic tanks and aerobic tanks to achieve biochemical treatment of sewage. First, it avoids pollution and effectively solves the environmental problem of secondary pollution caused by biochemical treatment through drug addition in the prior art; second, it is beneficial to environmental protection and effectively reduces the cost increase caused by the use of chemicals and the adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems.

[0026] 4. The utility model adopts the structural design of a disinfection pool, which can make the effluent quality of the device meet the requirements for the content of Escherichia coli in the "Hebei Rural Domestic Wastewater Discharge Standard" (DB13 / 2171-2020).

[0027] 5. The external power supply of the utility model adopts the structural design of photovoltaic components, which can effectively reduce power consumption, while effectively reducing equipment construction and operation and maintenance costs, with strong operating stability and meeting the needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings of the present utility model include:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0030] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0031] 1. Pretreatment tank; 1A. Water inlet pipe; 1B. Filter inclined plate; 1C. First box; 2. Anaerobic tank; 2A. Second box; 2B. Spherical volcanic rock filler; 2C. First partition; 3. Aerobic tank; 3A. Third box; 3B. Second partition; 3C. Air inlet pipe; 3D. Aeration pump; 3E. Aeration main pipe; 3F. Aeration branch pipe; 3G. Aerobic suspended filler; 4. Artificial wetland; 4A. Fourth box; 4B. Volcanic rock filler; 4C. Aquatic plants; 4D. Third partition; 5. Disinfection tank; 5A. Ultraviolet lamp; 5B. Water outlet pipe; 5C. Fifth box; 6. Photovoltaic module; 6A. Solar panel; 6B. Battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is a further description of the embodiments of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it is not intended to limit the utility model. The protection scope of the utility model shall be based on the content recorded in the claims, and any equivalent technical means replaced according to the specification shall not depart from the protection scope of the utility model.

[0033] Example

[0034] The overall structure of this embodiment is shown in the figure, which is a highly graded integrated rural sewage treatment device, including an anaerobic tank 2 and an aerobic tank 3; wherein:

[0035] A. A pretreatment tank 1 is provided, and the pretreatment tank 1 includes a water inlet pipe 1A opened above the first box 1C, and a filtering inclined plate 1B arranged below the first box 1C; the first box 1C is provided with an opening for the material below the filtering inclined plate 1B to be output to the anaerobic tank 2, and the anaerobic tank is arranged below the first box 1C; the top of the pretreatment tank 1 adopts an open structure design, and the filter residue on the surface of the filtering inclined plate 1B can be removed manually or by a mud pump, and the filtering inclined plate 1B adopts a perforated steel plate;

[0036] B. The anaerobic tank 2 includes a spherical volcanic rock filler 2B arranged in a second box 2A and attached with anaerobic microorganisms. The material in the second box 2A is output to the aerobic tank 3 through the opening at the lower part of the first partition 2C on one side thereof; the anaerobic tank adopts a closed structure design to provide an anaerobic environment for anaerobic microorganisms;

[0037] C. The aerobic pool 3 includes an aerobic suspended filler 3G arranged inside the third box 3A and attached with aerobic microorganisms, and an aeration mechanism for supplying oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms. The material in the third box 3A is output to the disinfection pool 5 through the opening on the second partition 3B on one side thereof, and the material output of the disinfection pool 5 is connected to the outside; the opening on the second partition 3B is not higher than the opening on the first box 1C for material output; the aerobic pool 3 adopts an open structural design, which is convenient for providing an aerobic environment for aerobic microorganisms.

[0038] An artificial wetland 4 is also provided, which includes a fourth box body 4A, a volcanic rock filler 4B with microorganisms attached thereto and arranged in the fourth box body 4A, and an aquatic plant 4C planted in the volcanic rock filler 4B. The material in the fourth box body 4A is output to the disinfection pool 5 through the lower opening of the third partition 4D on one side thereof, and the lower opening of the third partition 4D is not higher than the opening on the second partition 3B.

[0039] The disinfection and sterilization pool 5 includes a fifth box 5C, an ultraviolet lamp 5A arranged in the fifth box 5C, the ultraviolet lamp 5A is connected to an external power supply, the material input end of the fifth box 5C is connected to the material output end of the third box 3A or the fourth box 4A, and the fifth box 5C is provided with a water outlet pipe 5B for outputting materials to the outside.

[0040] The aeration mechanism includes an air inlet pipe 3C, an aeration pump 3D, an aeration main pipe 3E and an aeration branch pipe 3F connected thereto; the exhaust ends of the aeration main pipe 3E and the aeration branch pipe 3F are opened in the aerobic suspended filler 3G, and the aeration pump 3D is connected to a power source.

[0041] The air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 3C is located in the upper cavity of the pretreatment tank 1 .

[0042] The external power source is a photovoltaic assembly 6, which includes a solar panel 6A and a battery 6B electrically connected thereto.

[0043] The main structures of the pretreatment tank 1, the anaerobic tank 2, the aerobic tank 3, the disinfection tank 5, the fourth box 4A, and the third partition 4D are made of carbon steel with an anti-corrosion coating on the surface. The spherical volcanic rock filler 2B, the aerobic suspension filler 3G, and the microorganisms attached to the volcanic rock filler 4B are all prior art and commercially available, and the applicant will not elaborate on them here.

[0044] This example works like this:

[0045] 1. After the sewage is collected through the rural sewage collection pipeline, it flows into the first box 1C of the gravity pretreatment tank 1 through the water inlet pipe 1A. The filtering inclined plate 1B can filter out large particle pollutants in the sewage, and then the sewage enters the anaerobic tank 2 through the opening on the first box 1C.

[0046] 2. The anaerobic microorganisms attached to the spherical volcanic rock filler 2B of the anaerobic tank 2 can decompose organic matter (such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats) into gases such as methane and carbon dioxide; after the sewage enters the anaerobic tank 2, it is anaerobically digested under the action of anaerobic microorganisms, and then output to the aerobic tank 3 through the opening at the bottom of the first partition 2C.

[0047] 3. Aerobic microorganisms attached to the aerobic suspended filler 3G of the aerobic pool 3 can convert organic pollutants in the water into carbon dioxide and water; at the same time, aerobic nitrifying bacteria can convert ammonia nitrogen in the sewage into nitrates under aerobic conditions. At the same time, aerobic microorganisms will form flocs that effectively absorb and capture suspended particulate matter in the sewage during their growth, making them condense into larger flocs for easy sedimentation and filtration. At the same time, the aeration mechanism of the aerobic pool 3 can provide a rich nutrient environment for aerobic bacteria. After further treatment, the sewage enters the artificial wetland 4 through the second partition 3D.

[0048] 4. After entering the artificial wetland 4, the sewage first passes through the volcanic rock filler 4B to filter out the suspended matter and particulate matter in the sewage. The microorganisms enriched on the surface of the volcanic rock filler 4B can further decompose the organic matter in the sewage into inorganic matter, and remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage through nitrification and denitrification, thereby further purifying the sewage. Then, the heavy metal ions and other pollutants in the sewage are removed through the adsorption of aquatic plants 4C.

[0049] 5. The sewage treated by the artificial wetland 4 enters the disinfection pool 5 through the third partition plate 4D. The ultraviolet lamp 5A inside the disinfection pool can kill bacteria and viruses or make them lose their reproductive ability. The produced water that completes the disinfection process is discharged from the device through the outlet pipe 5B after being tested and qualified.

[0050] 6. The photovoltaic module 6 provides electrical energy for the aeration pump 3D and the ultraviolet sterilization lamp 5A.

[0051] 7. The air inlet pipe 3C is arranged in the pretreatment tank 1, which can prevent the odor in the pretreatment tank 1 from being discharged and reduce the odor.

Claims

1. A highly graded integrated rural sewage treatment device, comprising an anaerobic tank (2) and an aerobic tank (3); characterized in that in: A. A pretreatment tank (1) is provided, the pretreatment tank (1) comprising a water inlet pipe (1A) opened above a first box (1C), and a filtering inclined plate (1B) arranged below the first box (1C); the first box (1C) is provided with an opening for allowing materials below the filtering inclined plate (1B) to be output to an anaerobic tank (2), and the anaerobic tank is arranged below the first box (1C); B. The anaerobic tank (2) includes a spherical volcanic rock filler (2B) disposed in a second housing (2A) and attached with anaerobic microorganisms. The material in the second housing (2A) is output to the aerobic tank (3) through a hole at the bottom of a first partition (2C) on one side thereof; C. The aerobic pool (3) comprises an aerobic suspended filler (3G) arranged inside the third box (3A) and attached with aerobic microorganisms, and an aeration mechanism for supplying oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms. The material in the third box (3A) is output to the disinfection pool (5) through an opening on a second partition (3B) on one side thereof, and the material output of the disinfection pool (5) is connected to the outside; the opening on the second partition (3B) is not higher than the opening on the first box (1C) for material output.

2. The height differential rural sewage integrated treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The disinfection pool (5) comprises a fifth box (5C), an ultraviolet lamp (5A) arranged in the fifth box (5C), the ultraviolet lamp (5A) being connected to an external power source, a material input end of the fifth box (5C) being connected to a material output end of the third box (3A) or the fourth box (4A), and a water outlet pipe (5B) for outputting materials to the outside is provided on the fifth box (5C).

3. The height differential rural sewage integrated treatment device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that An artificial wetland (4) is also provided. The artificial wetland (4) comprises a fourth box (4A), a volcanic rock filler (4B) on which microorganisms are attached and which is arranged in the fourth box (4A), and aquatic plants (4C) planted in the volcanic rock filler (4B). The material in the fourth box (4A) is output to the disinfection pool (5) through a lower opening of a third partition (4D) on one side thereof. The lower opening of the third partition (4D) is not higher than the opening on the second partition (3B).

4. The height differential rural sewage integrated treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The aeration mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe (3C), an aeration pump (3D), and an aeration pipe; the exhaust end of the aeration pipe is opened in the aerobic suspended filler (3G), and the aeration pump (3D) is connected to an external power supply.

5. The height differential rural sewage integrated treatment device according to claim 4 is characterized in that The aeration pipe comprises an aeration main pipe (3E) and an aeration branch pipe (3F) connected thereto.

6. The height differential rural sewage integrated treatment device according to claim 4 is characterized in that The air inlet end of the air inlet pipe (3C) is located in the upper cavity of the pretreatment tank (1).

7. The height differential rural sewage integrated treatment device according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that The external power source is a photovoltaic assembly (6), which includes a solar panel (6A) and a storage battery (6B) electrically connected thereto.

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