Emergency preparation device for direct drinking water

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of domestic water supply, and particularly relates to a direct drinking water emergency preparation device which comprises a flocculation basin, a flocculation basin return valve, a flocculation basin water outlet valve, a flocculation basin bottom valve, a flocculation basin lifting pump, a bag filter, a buffer tank, a buffer tank lifting pump, an exchange column, a direct drinking water storage tank and a direct drinking water lifting pump. The flocculation basin is connected with the flocculation basin lifting pump, the top of the flocculation basin is connected with the bag filter, a flocculation basin return valve and a flocculation basin water outlet valve are arranged on a pipeline between the flocculation basin and the bag filter, the bag filter is connected with the buffer tank, the buffer tank is connected with the buffer tank lifting pump, the buffer tank lifting pump is connected with the exchange column, and the exchange column is connected with the direct drinking water storage tank. A UV light sterilizer and a disinfectant adding device are arranged on a pipeline between the direct drinking water storage tank and the direct drinking water storage tank; and the direct drinking water storage tank is connected with the direct drinking water lifting pump. The device has the advantages of being compact in structure, small in occupied area and easy to transport and install; various natural water sources, especially turbid water sources under flood conditions, can be used; power consumption is low, and a mobile power source can be adopted for providing energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of domestic water supply, and specifically relates to an emergency preparation device for direct drinking water. Background Art

[0002] Water is an indispensable resource in people's lives. Drinking water needs to be treated layer by layer before it can reach drinking water standards. The requirements for direct drinking water are even more stringent. The existing processes for suspended matter treatment include: coarse filtration (quartz sand), activated carbon filtration, and security filtration, which complete the filtration and removal of suspended matter insoluble in water (sediment) and the adsorption and removal of macromolecular organic matter. For soluble ion treatment processes: separate and remove substances soluble in water (ionic compounds), and the commonly used treatment processes include: reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and ion exchange resins.

[0003] The existing conventional process for direct drinking water is long, the equipment configuration is complex, the power consumption is high, the area occupied is large, and it is difficult to use in areas affected by sudden natural disasters. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present application proposes a direct drinking water emergency preparation device that can not only meet the requirements for the quality of direct drinking water, but also ensure its low energy consumption, good stability and durability. Its technical solution is:

[0005] A direct drinking water emergency preparation device comprises a flocculation tank, a flocculation tank reflux valve, a flocculation tank outlet valve, a flocculation tank bottom valve, a flocculation tank lifting pump, a bag filter, a buffer tank, a buffer tank lifting pump, an exchange column, a direct drinking water storage tank and a direct drinking water lifting pump; the flocculation tank is connected to the flocculation tank lifting pump, and its top is connected to the bag filter, and the flocculation tank reflux valve and the flocculation tank outlet valve are arranged on the pipeline between the two, the bag filter is connected to the buffer tank, the buffer tank is connected to the buffer tank lifting pump, the buffer tank lifting pump is connected to the exchange column, the exchange column is connected to the direct drinking water storage tank, a UV light disinfector and a disinfectant adder are arranged on the pipeline between the two, and the direct drinking water storage tank is connected to the direct drinking water lifting pump.

[0006] Preferably, the water inlet of the flocculation tank lifting pump is more than 100 mm above the bottom of the flocculation tank.

[0007] Preferably, the middle part of the exchange column is filled with zeolite particles; a bottom water distribution and water collection pipe is provided at the bottom of the exchange column, and a drain valve is provided on the outer side wall of the bottom; a top water distribution and water collection pipe is provided at the top of the exchange column, and the top water distribution and water collection pipe is respectively connected to the water inlet switching valve, the wastewater drainage valve, and the NaCl solution inlet valve; the bottom water distribution and water collection pipe is respectively connected to the qualified water outlet valve, the unqualified water outlet valve, and the flushing switching valve.

[0008] Preferably, an ammonium ion detector and a turbidity detector are provided on the bottom water distribution and collection pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the height-to-diameter ratio of the exchange column is ≥4.

[0010] Preferably, the zeolite particles have a porosity of ≥20% and a specific surface area of ​​≥25 m 2 / g; adsorption capacity ≥ 0.1cm 3 / g.

[0011] Preferably, the zeolite particles are clinoptilolite, the crystals are in the form of flakes or plates, the aggregates are in the form of radial or hair, and the particle size of the zeolite particles is controlled to be 0.5 to 2 mm.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] It has a compact structure and occupies little area, making it easy to transport and install. It can use various natural water sources, especially turbid water sources under flood conditions. It has low power consumption and can be powered by a mobile power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the system configuration.

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the exchange column.

[0016] In the figure, 1. flocculation tank; 2-1. flocculation tank return valve; 2-2 flocculation tank outlet valve; 3. flocculation tank bottom valve; 4. flocculation tank lifting pump; 5. bag filter; 6. buffer tank; 7. buffer tank lifting pump; 8. natural zeolite particle exchange column; 9. zeolite particles; 10. top water distribution and collection pipe; 11. bottom water distribution and collection pipe; 12. raw water inlet valve; 13. qualified water outlet valve; 14. unqualified water outlet valve; 15. water inlet switching valve; 16. flushing switching valve; 17. wastewater drainage valve; 18. NaCl solution inlet valve; 19. drain valve; 20-1. ammonium ion detector; 20-2. turbidity detector; 21. UV light disinfector; 22. disinfectant adder; 23. direct drinking water storage tank; 24. direct drinking water lifting pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the content of this patent easier to understand, the patent is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] A direct drinking water emergency preparation device comprises a flocculation tank 1, a flocculation tank reflux valve 2-1, a flocculation tank outlet valve 2-2, a flocculation tank bottom valve 3, a flocculation tank lift pump 4, a bag filter 5, a buffer tank 6, a buffer tank lift pump 7, an exchange column 8, a direct drinking water storage tank 23 and a direct drinking water lift pump 24; the bottom of the flocculation tank 1 is connected to the water inlet pipe of the flocculation tank lift pump 4; the outlet pipe of the flocculation tank lift pump 4 is connected to the top of the flocculation tank 1, and the flocculation tank reflux valve 2-1 is provided on the pipeline therebetween; the outlet pipe of the flocculation tank lift pump 4 is connected to the bag filter 5, and the flocculation tank outlet valve 2-2 is provided on the pipeline therebetween. The bag filter 5 is connected to the buffer tank 6, the buffer tank 6 is connected to the buffer tank lifting pump 7, the buffer tank lifting pump 7 is connected to the exchange column 8, the exchange column 8 is connected to the direct drinking water storage tank 23, and a UV light disinfector 21 and a disinfectant adder 22 are provided on the pipeline therebetween, and the direct drinking water storage tank 23 is connected to the direct drinking water lifting pump 24.

[0019] A flocculation tank 1 is designed as a supporting device. The diameter of the flocculation tank is 1400mm, the height is 1700mm, and the effective height is 1550mm. 2.38 tons of water are added at a time. The flocculation tank return valve 2-1 is opened, and the flocculation tank outlet valve 2-2 is closed. The flocculation tank lifting pump 4 is started to circulate and stir the natural water source added to the flocculation tank. 0.1kg~1kg of 3# flocculant (polyacrylamide) is added until the circulation and stirring are uniform. The flocculation tank lifting pump 4 is closed. Under the action of the flocculant, the suspended matter, silt, etc. in the natural water source agglomerate and settle; until the sediment is at the bottom of the flocculation tank 1 The water in the upper part of the flocculation tank 1 is clear and transparent, and it is naturally placed to clarify for about 2 hours; usually the water inlet of the flocculation tank lifting pump 4 is set more than 100mm from the bottom of the flocculation tank 1, and the accumulated sediment is lower than the water inlet of the water pump 4. If the natural water source is difficult to clarify, the water inlet position of the flocculation tank lifting pump 4 can be raised; open the flocculation tank outlet valve 2-2, close the flocculation tank return valve 2-1, start the flocculation tank lifting pump 4 to extract the clear liquid from the upper part of the flocculation tank, and send it to the bag filter 5 to filter the natural water source that flocculates to remove suspended matter; the filtered clean water is stored in the buffer tank 6.

[0020] The diameter of buffer tank 6 is 1400mm, the height is 1700mm, the effective height is 1650mm, 2.38 tons of water are added at one time, and the buffer volume is 2.54 tons. The bag filter filtration speed is controlled to be 5m / h, the filtration time is 30 minutes, and the filtration area of ​​the bag filter is calculated to be 0.9 square meters. A bag filter with a filtration area of ​​1 square meter is selected.

[0021] The exchange column 8 is filled with natural zeolite particles. The natural zeolite described in the present invention is clinoptilolite, and the crystals are in the form of flakes or plates, and the aggregates are in the form of radial and hair. The above conditions make the natural zeolite have high strength. After being filled into the exchange column, it will not break under repeated operations of filtering and backwashing, and can operate stably for a long time.

[0022] The diameter of the natural clinoptilolite particle exchange column is set to 300 mm, the height of the exchange column is 1500 mm, and the height-to-diameter ratio is 5. The particle size of a natural clinoptilolite that meets the conditions after crushing is 0.5-2 mm.

[0023] The adsorption capacity of the natural clinoptilolite particles was measured to be 0.15 cm 3 / g, theoretical adsorption capacity of suspended matter: 19.08 liters, dry basis density in suspended matter solution is 0.25, theoretical total adsorption capacity of suspended matter: 4.77 kg suspended matter.

[0024] It is assumed that the water quality of the natural water source after flocculation sedimentation and bag filtration is close to Class 3 surface water, with an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 1.0 mg / l and suspended matter of 20 mg / l. The ammonia nitrogen concentration index of the treated drinking water is ≦0.5 mg / l, and the suspended matter concentration index is ≦1 mg / l. The filtration speed is 10 m / h, i.e. 0.71 tons / hour.

[0025] The present invention adopts a conventional exchange column system, the height-to-diameter ratio of the exchange column is ≥4, and the natural zeolite particles filled are controlled to be 0.5-2 mm. Under this condition, the fluidity of the raw water passing through the exchange column can be well maintained, and the raw water can achieve good and sufficient contact with the natural zeolite particles when passing through the exchange column, and the adsorption of suspended matter in the raw water in the natural zeolite micropores and the exchange with the natural zeolite cations can be completed.

[0026] The chemical formula of natural clinoptilolite is Na(AlSi5O 12 )·4H2O, natural clinoptilolite is composed of a super-large negatively charged matrix of silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and aluminum-oxygen tetrahedrons. In order to maintain neutrality, positively charged cations are bound to the surface of the super-large negatively charged matrix. Under natural conditions, positively charged cations can be alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ions, such as Na, Ca, Sr, Ba, K, Mg and other metal ions. Under aqueous solution conditions, cations on the surface of the super-large negatively charged matrix can undergo ion exchange with other cations in the aqueous solution. The ion exchange capacity of natural clinoptilolite is the maximum capacity for ion exchange between cations on the surface of the super-large negatively charged matrix and other cations in the aqueous solution under aqueous solution conditions.

[0027] The present invention uses sodium chloride solution to soak natural clinoptilolite to activate the exchange capacity of cations on the surface of the super-large negatively charged matrix on the one hand, and replace all cations on the surface of the natural clinoptilolite with sodium ions on the other hand. When the raw water passes through the natural clinoptilolite in the exchange column, the following ion exchange reaction occurs:

[0028]

[0029] Where: R: a super-large negatively charged matrix composed of silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and aluminum-oxygen tetrahedrons

[0030] M: Soluble cations in aqueous solution, including: Ca 2+ Mg 2+ NH 4+ wait.

[0031] When the natural clinoptilolite ion exchange is saturated, it is regenerated with sodium chloride solution. The ion exchange reaction is:

[0032]

[0033] When applying for normal filtration, the filtration flow rate is ≤10m / h; the backwash flow rate is ≥20m / h.

[0034] Start the buffer tank lift pump 7 to send the clean water stored in the buffer tank 6 into the natural zeolite particle exchange column 8, open the raw water inlet valve 12 and the water inlet switching valve 15, close the flushing switching valve 16, and the exchange column 8 enters the forward operation state. After the inlet water is evenly distributed through the top water distribution and water collection pipe 10, it passes through the natural zeolite particles to complete the filtration. After the water is collected by the bottom water distribution and water collection pipe 11 evenly distributed at the bottom, it is sent to the top of the column in the reverse direction. The pipeline at the top of the column is set to the ammonium ion detector 20-1 and the turbidity detector 20-2 to detect the turbidity and ammonium ion online values. When the ammonium ion concentration of the outflow water is ≥0.5mg / l, or the suspended solids concentration index is ≥1mg / l, the effluent is regarded as unqualified water, the qualified water outlet valve 13 is closed, the unqualified water outlet valve 14 is opened, and the unqualified water outlet is returned to the buffer tank 6, until the outflow water ammonium ion concentration is ≤0.5mg / l, and the suspended solids concentration index is ≤1mg / l, the effluent is regarded as qualified water, the unqualified water outlet valve 14 is closed, the qualified water outlet valve 13 is opened, and the qualified water outlet valve 13 is connected to the pipeline through which the UV light disinfector 21 and the disinfectant adder 22 are set, and the disinfectant (ClO2) is quantitatively added, and then it flows into the direct drinking water storage tank 23. When the outflow water ammonium ion concentration is ≥0.5mg / l, or the suspended solids concentration index is ≥1mg / l, the effluent is regarded as unqualified water, the forward operation state ends, and enters the reverse flushing and natural zeolite particle regeneration state.

[0035] The buffer tank lifting pump 7 is turned on to send the clean water stored in the buffer tank 6 into the natural zeolite particle exchange column 8, the raw water inlet valve 12, the flushing switching valve 16, and the wastewater drainage valve 17 are opened, and the inlet switching valve 15 is closed. The exchange column 8 enters the reverse operation state. After the inlet water is evenly distributed through the bottom water distribution and collection pipe 11, it passes through the natural zeolite particles for flushing. After the water is collected by the water distribution and collection pipe 10 evenly distributed on the top, it is reversely sent to the top of the column and discharged through the wastewater drainage valve 17. The backwashing water is stopped when the system sets the backwash time. The drain valve 19 is opened to drain the stored water of the exchange column 8, the drain valve 19 and the raw water inlet valve 12 are closed, and the saturated sodium chloride solution is reversely input from the NaCl solution inlet valve 18 and the flushing switching valve 16 until the concentration of the outlet sodium chloride solution discharged from the wastewater drainage valve 17 is ≥300g / l, and the saturated sodium chloride solution is stopped. After soaking for 8 hours, the drain valve 19 is opened to drain the sodium chloride solution in the exchange column. The raw water is repeatedly introduced in reverse until the concentration of the sodium chloride solution discharged from the wastewater drain valve 17 is lower than 3 mg / l, and the system is switched to forward filtration.

[0036] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A direct drinking water emergency preparation device, characterized in that: It includes a flocculation tank, a flocculation tank reflux valve, a flocculation tank outlet valve, a flocculation tank bottom valve, a flocculation tank lifting pump, a bag filter, a buffer tank, a buffer tank lifting pump, an exchange column, a direct drinking water storage tank and a direct drinking water lifting pump; the flocculation tank is connected to the flocculation tank lifting pump, and its top is connected to the bag filter, and the flocculation tank reflux valve and the flocculation tank outlet valve are arranged on the pipeline between the two, the bag filter is connected to the buffer tank, the buffer tank is connected to the buffer tank lifting pump, the buffer tank lifting pump is connected to the exchange column, the exchange column is connected to the direct drinking water storage tank, a UV light disinfector and a disinfectant adder are arranged on the pipeline between the two, and the direct drinking water storage tank is connected to the direct drinking water lifting pump.

2. A direct drinking water emergency preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the flocculation tank lifting pump is more than 100 mm above the bottom of the flocculation tank.

3. The direct drinking water emergency preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the exchange column is filled with zeolite particles; a bottom water distribution and water collection pipe is provided at the bottom of the exchange column, and an emptying valve is provided on the outer side wall of the bottom; a top water distribution and water collection pipe is provided at the top of the exchange column, and the top water distribution and water collection pipe is respectively connected to the water inlet switching valve, the wastewater drainage valve, and the NaCl solution inlet valve; the bottom water distribution and water collection pipe is respectively connected to the qualified water outlet valve, the unqualified water outlet valve, and the flushing switching valve.

4. A direct drinking water emergency preparation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An ammonium ion detector and a turbidity detector are arranged on the bottom water distribution and collection pipe.

5. The direct drinking water emergency preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height-to-diameter ratio of the exchange column is ≥4.

6. The direct drinking water emergency preparation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Zeolite particle porosity ≥ 20%; specific surface area ≥ 25m 2 / g; adsorption capacity ≥ 0.1cm 3 / g.

7. The direct drinking water emergency preparation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The zeolite particles are clinoptilolite, the crystals are in the form of flakes or plates, the aggregates are in the form of radials or hairs, and the particle size of the zeolite particles is controlled to be 0.5 to 2 mm.

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