Adjustable laser cutting head and laser cutting system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to an adjustable laser cutting head and a laser cutting system. The adjustable laser cutting head comprises a hollow shell, a first optical assembly and a second optical assembly, wherein the first optical assembly and the second optical assembly are sequentially arranged in the advancing direction of laser beams. A rectangular notch is formed in the side face of the shell, and a rotating shaft is arranged at the notch; the first optical assembly comprises a mechanical rotating wheel arranged on the rotating shaft in a sleeving mode and is allowed to rotate along the rotating shaft, a plurality of optical element installation positions are arranged on the mechanical rotating wheel, and refraction optical elements and diffraction optical elements are arranged at the optical element installation positions in an embedded mode. And through rotation of the mechanical rotating wheel, modulation of laser beams by different refractive optical elements or diffractive optical elements is realized. According to the adjustable laser cutting head, Gaussian beams emitted by the ultrafast laser emitter can be converted into various laser beams to be distributed, and then the adjustable laser cutting head can be used for achieving glass cutting machining of various working conditions through an ultrafast laser glass machining machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to an adjustable laser cutting head and a laser cutting system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, ultrafast laser glass processing technology has occupied an important position in modern industrial production and is widely used in many fields such as electronic equipment manufacturing and industrial products. Traditional ultrafast laser glass cutting machines mostly use fixed cutting heads, which are simple in design but single in function. They can usually only realize glass processing in one working condition, such as straight glass cutting. With the diversified development of glass processing needs, more glass processing needs have emerged, such as the simultaneous realization of glass cutting, glass chamfering, glass C-shaped cutting and other complex shape processing. However, the ultrafast laser processing solutions currently on the market are usually single-function designs, which are difficult to meet diverse processing needs. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an adjustable laser cutting head and a laser cutting system. In the utility model, the laser beam can form a switchable laser beam with multiple types of focal depths and focus spot sizes that can be modulated after passing through the first optical component of the adjustable laser cutting head; the modulated laser beam can be focused to form a laser beam with a specific long focal depth energy distribution after passing through the second optical component; wherein, the focal depth and focus spot size of the final laser beam can be achieved by changing the focal length of the second optical component.

[0004] A rotary wheel design is used to achieve online switching of diffraction / refraction optical elements with different functions during ultrafast laser glass processing, thereby realizing ultrafast laser glass processing in multiple working conditions on one machine.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The first object of the utility model is to provide an adjustable laser cutting head, comprising a hollow housing, and a first optical component and a second optical component sequentially arranged along the traveling direction of the laser beam;

[0007] A rectangular notch is provided on the side of the shell, and a rotating shaft is provided at the position of the notch;

[0008] The first optical component includes a mechanical rotating wheel sleeved on a rotating shaft and allowed to rotate along the rotating shaft, the mechanical rotating wheel is provided with a plurality of optical element mounting positions, and the optical element mounting positions are embedded with a refractive optical element and a diffractive optical element;

[0009] The laser beam is modulated by different refractive optical elements or diffractive optical elements through the rotation of the mechanical wheel.

[0010] In the utility model, the mechanical wheel is controlled by a computer, and during the processing, the mechanical wheel is automatically adjusted according to the actual processing requirements, thereby changing the diffraction optical element or the refractive optical element in the laser light path to obtain a focused light beam with different energy distribution (for example, a long focal depth Bessel beam, a 45° inclined beam, a C-shaped beam, etc.), thereby realizing different process processing.

[0011] Specifically, the laser beam passes through a diffraction optical element (which has a unique phase distribution design and can modulate the energy distribution of the incident laser beam to obtain a Bessel beam, C-shaped or other arbitrary shaped three-dimensional energy distribution laser beam) or a laser optical element to form a laser beam with modulatable focal depth and focused spot size.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the refractive optical element is a conical lens, and the angle formed by the cone generatrix and the cone bottom surface is 0.5° to 20°.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the central axis of the housing and the second optical element is the same as the central axis of the laser beam;

[0014] When the mechanical wheel rotates, the central axis of the refractive optical element or the diffractive optical element for modulating the laser beam is the same as the optical axis of the laser beam.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, a guide hole is provided at the center of the mechanical wheel, and the guide hole is engaged with the rotating shaft.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, there are more than two optical element mounting positions.

[0017] In one embodiment of the utility model, the second optical component is selected from a focusing lens or a focusing objective lens; the laser beam modulated by the first optical component passes through the second optical component to form a long focal depth focusing spot, which can realize the processing of the cut workpiece, and the focal depth and the focusing spot size can be controlled by changing the focal length of the focusing lens or the focusing objective lens.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the focal length of the focusing lens is 35 mm to 300 mm.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the focal length of the focusing objective lens is 4 mm to 25 mm.

[0020] The second object of the utility model is to provide a laser cutting system, comprising the above-mentioned adjustable laser cutting head.

[0021] In one embodiment of the utility model, when in use, it is arranged on an external stage and connected to an external computer to realize the processing of the workpiece to be cut placed on the upper surface of the stage. The laser cutting system includes an ultrafast laser emitter,

[0022] The ultrafast laser emitter is used to emit a laser beam. Along the emission direction of the laser beam, a first reflector, a second reflector, a laser beam expander, a third reflector and a fourth reflector are sequentially arranged between the ultrafast laser emitter and the adjustable laser cutting head;

[0023] The laser beam emitted by the ultrafast laser emitter has an angle with the laser beam reflected by the second reflector, and is parallel to the laser beam reflected by the second reflector; the central axis of the laser beam passing through the laser beam expander is the same as the optical axis of the laser beam reflected by the second reflector, has an angle with the laser beam reflected by the third reflector, and is perpendicular to the laser beam reflected by the fourth reflector;

[0024] The ultrafast laser emitter, mechanical wheel and stage are all connected to a computer.

[0025] The third object of the utility model is to provide a method for using a laser cutting system, comprising the following steps:

[0026] The ultrafast laser transmitter is controlled by a computer to emit a laser beam, the laser beam is collimated to enter the first reflector, then collimated by the first reflector and the second reflector to enter the beam expander for laser beam expansion, then collimated to enter the third reflector, and finally collimated by the third reflector and the fourth reflector to enter the adjustable laser cutting head, the mechanical wheel is controlled to rotate by a computer, a refractive optical element or a diffractive optical element is selected to modulate the laser beam, and the modulated laser beam forms a laser spot on the workpiece to be cut through the second optical component;

[0027] The computer adjusts the position of the workpiece being cut by controlling the movement of the stage.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) In the first optical component of the adjustable laser cutting head of the utility model, a mechanical wheel can be used to realize the modulation of the laser beam by a variety of different diffraction optical elements or refraction optical elements. During the processing, the mechanical wheel can be automatically rotated to switch the diffraction or refraction optical elements according to the actual processing requirements to obtain different laser energy distributions, thereby realizing efficient processing under different working conditions and obtaining different processing effects, thereby improving processing efficiency and increasing processing flexibility.

[0030] (2) The adjustable laser cutting head of the utility model can convert the Gaussian beam emitted by the ultrafast laser transmitter into a variety of laser beam distributions, such as a long focal depth beam and a three-dimensional energy distribution laser beam of any shape, and can then be used to realize ultrafast laser glass processing machines to handle glass cutting processes in various working conditions, such as straight line cutting, chamfering, C-shaped processing, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustable laser cutting head described in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first optical element in the adjustable laser cutting head described in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a Gaussian beam obtained by an ultrafast laser transmitter;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a laser beam obtained by an adjustable laser transmitter;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser cutting system described in Example 2;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a specific cutting schematic diagram in Example 3;

[0037] Numbers in the figure: 1, housing; 101, rotating axis; 2, first optical element; 201, mechanical wheel; 202, guide hole; 203, optical element mounting position; 3, second optical element; 100, adjustable laser cutting head; 200, ultrafast laser emitter; 300A, first reflector; 300B, second reflector; 300C, third reflector; 300D, fourth reflector; 400, laser beam expander; 500, laser beam; 600, workpiece to be cut; 700, stage; 800, computer; 900, laser spot; 900A, C-shaped beam; 900B, Bessel beam; 900C, 45° inclined beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0042] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, all components used are conventional commercially available components in the art, and they only need to be able to achieve corresponding functions.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] This embodiment provides an adjustable laser cutting head, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes a hollow shell 1, and a first optical component 2 and a second optical component 3 arranged in sequence along the traveling direction of the laser beam 500; a rectangular notch is arranged on the side of the shell 1, and a rotating shaft 101 is arranged at the notch; the first optical component 2 includes a mechanical wheel 201 sleeved on the rotating shaft 101 and allowed to rotate along the rotating shaft 101, and a plurality of optical element mounting positions 203 are arranged on the mechanical wheel 201, and a refractive optical element and a diffractive optical element are embedded in the optical element mounting positions 203; the rotation of the mechanical wheel 201 enables different refractive optical elements or diffractive optical elements to modulate the laser beam 500.

[0045] In the utility model, the mechanical wheel 201 is controlled by a computer 800. During the processing, the mechanical wheel 201 is automatically adjusted according to the actual processing requirements, thereby changing the diffraction optical element or the refractive optical element in the laser light path to obtain a focused light beam with different energy distribution (for example, a long focal depth Bessel beam 900B, a 45° inclined beam 900C, a C-shaped beam 900A, etc.) to achieve different process processing.

[0046] Specifically, the laser beam 500 (eg, a Gaussian beam 500A, such as Figure 3 As shown) through the diffractive optical element (with a unique phase distribution design, the energy distribution of the incident laser beam 500 can be modulated to obtain a three-dimensional energy distribution laser beam 500 of any other shape such as Bessel beam 900B, C shape, etc., as shown Figure 4 As shown)) or laser optical elements can form a laser beam 500 with adjustable focal depth and focused spot size.

[0047] Furthermore, the refractive optical element is a conic lens, and the angle formed by the cone generatrix and the cone bottom surface is 0.5° to 20°.

[0048] Furthermore, the central axis of the housing 1 and the second optical component 3 is the same as the central axis of the laser beam 500 ; when the mechanical wheel 201 rotates, the central axis of the refractive optical element or the diffractive optical element that modulates the laser beam 500 is the same as the optical axis of the laser beam 500 .

[0049] Furthermore, a guide hole 202 is provided at the center of the mechanical wheel 201 , and the guide hole 202 is engaged with the rotating shaft 101 . More than two optical element mounting positions 203 are provided.

[0050] Furthermore, the second optical component 3 is selected from a focusing lens or a focusing objective lens; the laser beam 500 modulated by the first optical component 2 passes through the second optical component 3 to form a long focal depth focusing spot, which can realize the processing of the cut workpiece 600, and the focal depth and the focusing spot size can be controlled by changing the focal length of the focusing lens or the focusing objective lens.

[0051] Furthermore, the focal length of the focusing lens is 35 mm to 300 mm, and the focal length of the focusing objective lens is 4 mm to 25 mm.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment provides a laser cutting system, such as Figure 5 As shown, when in use, it is arranged on an external stage 700 and connected to an external computer 800, and is used to realize the processing of a workpiece 600 to be cut placed on the upper surface of the stage 700. The laser cutting system includes an ultrafast laser emitter 200 and the laser cutting head described in Example 1.

[0054] The ultrafast laser emitter 200 is used to emit a laser beam 500. Along the emission direction of the laser beam 500, a first reflector 300A, a second reflector 300B, a laser beam expander 400, a third reflector 300C and a fourth reflector 300D are sequentially arranged between the ultrafast laser emitter 200 and the adjustable laser cutting head 100;

[0055] The laser beam 500 emitted by the ultrafast laser emitter 200 has an angle with the laser beam 500 reflected by the second reflector 300B, and is parallel to the laser beam 500 reflected by the second reflector 300B; the central axis of the laser beam 500 passing through the laser beam expander 400 is the same as the optical axis of the laser beam 500 reflected by the second reflector 300B, and has an angle with the laser beam 500 reflected by the third reflector 300C, and is perpendicular to the laser beam 500 reflected by the fourth reflector 300D;

[0056] The ultrafast laser emitter 200 , the mechanical rotating wheel 201 and the stage 700 are all connected to the computer 800 .

[0057] Example 3

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for using a laser cutting system, comprising the following steps:

[0059] The computer 800 is used to control the ultrafast laser emitter 200 to emit a laser beam 500. The laser beam 500 is collimated and enters the first reflector 300A, and then collimated by the first reflector 300A and the second reflector 300B to enter the beam expander for beam expansion, and then collimated to enter the third reflector 300C, and then collimated by the third reflector 300C and the fourth reflector 300D to enter the adjustable laser cutting head 100. The computer 800 is used to control the rotation of the mechanical wheel 201, and a refractive optical element or a diffractive optical element is selected to modulate the laser beam 500. The modulated laser beam 500 forms a laser spot 900 on the workpiece 600 to be cut via the second optical component 3.

[0060] The computer 800 adjusts the position of the workpiece 600 to be cut by controlling the movement of the stage 700 .

[0061] Specifically, Figure 6As shown, in order to obtain the target effect, the three cutting paths ABC require different focus spot distributions during the processing. During the processing, when cutting path A, the mechanical wheel 201 automatically switches to the corresponding diffractive optical element to modulate the laser beam, and obtains a C-shaped beam 900A, which is focused to obtain a C-shaped cutting effect; when cutting path B, the mechanical wheel 201 automatically switches to the diffractive optical element corresponding to the spot required for path B, and obtains a Bessel beam 900B, which is focused to obtain a straight-line cutting effect; when cutting path C, the mechanical wheel 201 automatically switches to the diffractive optical element corresponding to the spot required for path C, and obtains a 45° inclined beam 900C, which is focused to obtain a chamfer cutting effect. After the cutting is completed, the slices are split to obtain the target processing effect.

[0062] In this embodiment, the computer system 800 automatically controls the laser power of the ultrafast laser emitter 200 to emit the laser beam 500, the diffraction or refraction optical element to process the laser beam 500, and the displacement of the stage 700 in the front, back, left and right directions as needed, thereby reducing the operational complexity of the laser processing process and improving the processing accuracy, flexibility and production efficiency.

[0063] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the utility model by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those familiar with the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the interpretation of the utility model without departing from the scope of the utility model should be within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable laser cutting head, characterized in that: It comprises a hollow housing (1), and a first optical component (2) and a second optical component (3) which are arranged in sequence along the traveling direction of a laser beam (500); A rectangular notch is provided on the side of the housing (1), and a rotating shaft (101) is provided at the position of the notch; The first optical component (2) comprises a mechanical rotating wheel (201) sleeved on a rotating shaft (101) and allowed to rotate along the rotating shaft (101); a plurality of optical element mounting positions (203) are arranged on the mechanical rotating wheel (201); and a refractive optical element and a diffractive optical element are embedded in the optical element mounting positions (203); The rotation of the mechanical rotating wheel (201) enables different refractive optical elements or diffractive optical elements to modulate the laser beam (500).

2. The adjustable laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axis of the housing (1) and the second optical component (3) is the same as the central axis of the laser beam (500).

3. The adjustable laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the mechanical rotating wheel (201) rotates, the central axis of the refractive optical element or the diffractive optical element that modulates the laser beam (500) is the same as the optical axis of the laser beam (500).

4. The adjustable laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide hole (202) is provided at the center of the mechanical rotating wheel (201), and the guide hole (202) is engaged with the rotating shaft (101).

5. The adjustable laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical element mounting positions (203) are provided with more than two.

6. The adjustable laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second optical component (3) is selected from a focusing lens or a focusing objective lens.

7. The adjustable laser cutting head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The focal length of the focusing lens is 35 mm to 300 mm.

8. The adjustable laser cutting head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The focal length of the focusing objective lens is 4 mm to 25 mm.

9. A laser cutting system, characterized in that: It comprises the adjustable laser cutting head (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A laser cutting system according to claim 9, which is arranged on an external stage (700) and connected to an external computer (800) when in use, and is used to realize the processing of a workpiece (600) to be cut placed on the upper surface of the stage (700), characterized in that: The laser cutting system comprises an ultrafast laser emitter (200), The ultrafast laser emitter (200) is used to emit a laser beam (500), and along the emission direction of the laser beam (500), a first reflector (300A), a second reflector (300B), a laser beam expander (400), a third reflector (300C) and a fourth reflector (300D) are sequentially arranged between the ultrafast laser emitter (200) and the adjustable laser cutting head (100); The laser beam (500) emitted by the ultrafast laser emitter (200) has an angle with the laser beam (500) reflected by the second reflector (300B), and is parallel to the laser beam (500) reflected by the second reflector (300B); the central axis of the laser beam (500) via the laser beam expander (400) is the same as the optical axis of the laser beam (500) reflected by the second reflector (300B), has an angle with the laser beam (500) reflected by the third reflector (300C), and is perpendicular to the laser beam (500) reflected by the fourth reflector (300D); The ultrafast laser emitter (200), the mechanical rotating wheel (201) and the stage (700) are all connected to the computer (800).

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