Underground up-flow type multi-medium anaerobic biological filter tank

Abstract

A buried up-flow type multi-medium anaerobic biological filter tank belongs to the technical field of domestic sewage treatment, and is technically characterized by comprising a pre-sedimentation area with a funnel-shaped bottom, a first-stage filter area and a second-stage filter area, and the first-stage filter area and the second-stage filter area are stepped. The pre-sedimentation area is located at the front end and is provided with a T-shaped downcomer and a bottom funnel-type mud collecting hopper, the T-shaped downcomer is a three-way water passing pipe, water enters the middle part, water exits from the bottom and the upper part exhausts, the bottom is the funnel-type mud collecting hopper, suspended solids and mud sand carried in sewage can be conveniently settled, and the upper effluent enters the T-shaped downcomer after the sewage is pre-settled and enters the primary filtering area; the T-shaped downcomer enables the sewage to sequentially pass through the filter materials which are arranged in a stepped manner from bottom to top; the first step type filter material is a volcanic biological medium filter layer overgrown with a biological membrane, and the second step type filter material is a semi-soft combined filler volcanic biological medium filter layer; pollutants such as fine suspended matters, organic matters and colloids in sewage are adsorbed and intercepted by the stepped filter layer, and clear water flows out from the upper side and then enters the two-stage stepped filter area through the T-shaped downcomer for deep treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of domestic sewage treatment, and is particularly suitable for rural domestic sewage treatment. Background Art

[0002] Domestic sewage in remote and rural areas is small and scattered, but direct discharge without treatment will cause environmental pollution. If a sewage treatment plant is set up, the cost is high, the energy consumption is high, the maintenance and operation costs are high, and it occupies a large area, which is particularly difficult for places with limited land. Domestic sewage in remote and rural areas can be reused for irrigation. The country has standard requirements for irrigation water, and it cannot be directly reused if it is not treated.

[0003] Most of the existing domestic sewage treatment equipment is powered, which has high energy consumption, high operation and maintenance requirements, and large land occupation. A few non-powered equipment has poor treatment effect and needs to be used with other treatment facilities. Domestic sewage treatment in remote and rural areas requires a simple sewage treatment device that occupies little or no land, has no energy consumption, does not require maintenance, has good treatment efficiency, and the effluent meets the "Agricultural Irrigation Water Quality Standard"

[0004] (GB5084-2021) standard requirements, irrigation reuse can be carried out. Aims to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the embodiments of the present utility model is to provide a new type of domestic sewage treatment equipment to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A buried upflow multi-media anaerobic biofiltration pool, comprising:

[0008] Box 1 is the main body;

[0009] Downcomer 2, provided at the water inlet end of each grid, for conveying sewage to the bottom;

[0010] The mud collecting hopper 3 is arranged at the bottom of the pre-settling area and is used for collecting the pre-settled sludge and storing solid materials such as mud and sand;

[0011] The supporting layer 4 is arranged at the bottom of the filter layer and is used to support the filter medium;

[0012] The volcanic rock biological medium filter layer 5 is arranged on the supporting layer and is used to filter and absorb pollutants such as fine suspended matter, organic matter, colloid, etc. in the sewage;

[0013] The semi-soft composite filler biological medium filter layer 6 is arranged on the volcanic rock biological medium filter layer, and is used for re-filtering and adsorbing pollutants such as fine suspended matter, organic matter, colloid, etc. in the sewage;

[0014] A water outlet pipe 7 is provided at the upper end of the device and is used to discharge clean water;

[0015] Inspection hole 8 is arranged above the equipment and is used for discharging bottom sludge and internal maintenance.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the utility model have the following beneficial effects: the utility model sets a pre-sedimentation zone, a primary filtration zone and a secondary filtration zone, first pre-sedimentation of coarse particle sediments, the filtration method runs from bottom to top to avoid clogging, and then a multi-stage filtration adsorption treatment is set up, the operation effect is good, and an underground installation method is set up, the upper part can be greened and hardened, saving space.

[0017] The utility model arranges a volcanic rock biological medium filter layer and a semi-soft combined filler biological medium filter layer from bottom to top for multi-media filtration. The medium layer provides an excellent habitat for microbial reproduction. The microorganisms are of many types and have strong hydrophilicity. The double-layer medium has the functions of physically intercepting and filtering sewage, and the microorganisms can adsorb and degrade colloids and organic matter in water, thereby improving sewage treatment efficiency.

[0018] The volcanic rock biological medium filter layer of the utility model is specially made, has a large specific surface area, a high open porosity and is inert, is conducive to the contact biofilm and growth of microorganisms, has a high treatment efficiency and is not easy to be blocked.

[0019] The utility model is provided with a mud collecting bucket and an inspection hole, which are used for regularly discharging the bottom mud and cleaning the remaining microorganisms to restore the treatment effect.

[0020] The utility model is set up for unpowered operation. It can operate by simply connecting the water inlet and outlet. No supervision is required during the operation. The treatment effect is good. The outlet water meets the requirements of the "Agricultural Irrigation Water Quality Standard" (GB5084-2021) and can be treated for irrigation reuse.

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the structural features and functions of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an underground upflow multi-media anaerobic biofiltration tank provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the semi-soft combined filler biological medium filter layer of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the volcanic rock biological medium filter layer of the utility model.

[0025] Figure numerals: 1-box, 11-pre-sedimentation area, 12-primary filtration area, 13-secondary filtration area, 3-mud collecting bucket, 4-support layer, 5-volcanic rock bio-media filtration layer, 6-semi-soft composite filler bio-media filtration layer, 7-water outlet, 8-inspection hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0027] The specific implementation of the present utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] See also:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model from one perspective;

[0030] Figure 2 ; This is a schematic diagram of the plane structure of the semi-soft combined filler biological medium filter layer of the utility model

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the plane structure of the volcanic rock biological medium filter layer of the utility model;

[0032] include:

[0033] Box 1 is the main body;

[0034] Downcomer 2, provided at the water inlet end of each grid, for conveying sewage to the bottom;

[0035] The mud collecting hopper 3 is arranged at the bottom of the pre-settling area and is used for collecting the pre-settled sludge and storing solid materials such as mud and sand;

[0036] The supporting layer 4 is arranged at the bottom of the filter layer and is used to support the filter medium;

[0037] The volcanic rock biological medium filter layer 5 is arranged on the supporting layer and is used to filter and absorb pollutants such as fine suspended matter, organic matter, colloid, etc. in the sewage;

[0038] The semi-soft composite filler biological medium filter layer 6 is arranged on the volcanic rock biological medium filter layer, and is used for re-filtering and adsorbing pollutants such as fine suspended matter, organic matter, colloid, etc. in the sewage;

[0039] A water outlet pipe 7 is provided at the upper end of the device and is used to discharge clean water;

[0040] Inspection hole 8 is arranged above the equipment and is used for discharging bottom sludge and internal maintenance.

[0041] In an embodiment of the utility model, domestic sewage is collected through the sewage network and enters the downcomer 2 at the front end of the equipment 1. The downcomer has been designed and verified, with a flow rate of no more than 0.2 m / s and a pipe diameter of no less than DN100. A tee is provided at the top of the downcomer 2, and the top of the tee is higher than the water storage level. It is used for ventilation and to check whether there is any material blocking the pipeline to ensure smooth descent of sewage.

[0042] Subsequently, the larger suspended particles in the sewage are precipitated and separated in the pre-precipitation area 11, and the mud, sand and particles are sunk into the bottom mud collecting bucket 3 for storage. The mud collecting bucket 3 is provided with a slope with an angle greater than 50° on both sides, so that the settled sludge can slide into the mud collecting bucket 3. The clean water slowly rises to the top and then flows into the downcomer 2 of the primary filtration area 12. From the pre-precipitation area 11 to the primary filtration area 12, the water flows out at a 60° angle, which increases the length of the hydraulic path and improves the precipitation effect.

[0043] The sewage descends in the downcomer 2 to the bottom of the primary filtration area 12 for water distribution first, and then is filtered from bottom to top. A support layer 4 is arranged at the bottom, which is a densely packed φ12 threaded steel layer with a net spacing of 4mm. The surface of the threaded steel is a concave-convex leather surface to increase the filtration area. On the support layer 4 is a volcanic rock biological medium filtration layer 5. The volcanic rock biological medium is a special filter material. First, a layer with a particle size of 5-6mm and a thickness of 20cm is laid, and then a layer with a particle size of 2-4mm and a thickness of 30cm is laid, so that the sewage is filtered step by step from coarse to fine, and the filtration flow rate is less than 0.2m / s. The functions of the volcanic rock biological medium filter layer 5 are as follows: Filtration: It has a large specific surface area, so it has a high interception rate for suspended matter in water, can effectively remove suspended matter and colloidal impurities in water, purify water quality, and can also remove odor substances or color in water through adsorption. In addition, it has a biodegradable function because microorganisms are easy to implant and reproduce; Deodorization: Due to the presence of a large number of fine pores and rich active groups on the surface of the volcanic rock biological medium filter material, a large amount of negative oxygen ions and phytoncide gas can be generated when water flows through, which have the functions of sterilization, disinfection and deodorization; Volcanic rock Biological medium filter material is a porous water-containing material with a large number of tiny gaps and capillary pores distributed on its surface and inside. These tiny gaps and capillary pores can absorb and store a certain amount of water molecules, and can also adsorb various free gases in the air (including harmful gases), such as SO2, HCl, NH3, CO2, etc.; Ion exchangeability: Volcanic rock biological medium filter material contains rich mineral components and various trace elements, which can produce cation and anion exchange during the dissolution process of sewage; at the same time, it can also precipitate and separate various impurities contained in sewage.

[0044] After the sewage is filtered, adsorbed and degraded by the volcanic rock biological medium filter layer 5, it is then filtered, adsorbed and degraded again by the upper semi-soft composite filler biological medium filter layer 6. The semi-soft composite filler biological medium filter layer 6 is set at a height of 1.5m, and is closely arranged in front, back, left and right, with a spacing of 150mm. The semi-soft composite filler biological medium adopts a spun fiber rope to connect the evenly distributed round plastic flower pieces. It has made great improvements on the weaknesses of the soft filler in the center rope scattered filaments and the fiber filaments being difficult to spread horizontally in the water. It has high heat dissipation performance, low resistance, good water and air distribution performance, and microorganisms are easy to grow membranes and have the function of cutting bubbles. The semi-soft composite filler biological medium is divided into an inner and outer double-layer sphere, the outer side is a hollow fishnet sphere, and the inner side is a transformation sphere. During use, microorganisms are easy to generate and replace, acid and alkali resistant, anti-aging, not affected by water flow, long service life, less residual sludge, and easy to install.

[0045] After the sewage is filtered in the primary filter area 12, the upper part of the water flows into the downcomer 2 of the secondary filter area 13 and repeats two layers of filtration, adsorption, and degradation. The fine suspended matter, colloids, organic matter and other pollutants in the sewage are thoroughly purified, and the upper clear water flows out of the equipment from the outlet 7. After a series of treatments and purifications in the underground upflow multi-media anaerobic biological filter tank, the effluent meets the requirements of the "Agricultural Irrigation Water Quality Standard" (GB5084-2021) and can be directly discharged into the irrigation canal for irrigation reuse. The underground upflow multi-media anaerobic biological filter tank does not require energy consumption or power to run the entire treatment process, and does not require human supervision and operation. After the equipment is installed, the problem of domestic sewage pollution is solved, and water resources can be recycled and utilized, killing two birds with one stone.

[0046] The working principle of the utility model is as follows: domestic sewage first enters the front end downcomer 2 of the equipment 1, and the mud, sand and larger suspended solids are separated in the pre-sedimentation area 11. The sludge sinks to the bottom mud collecting bucket 3, and the sewage flows upward and then enters the primary filtration area 12 through the downcomer 2. The primary filtration area 12 is provided with a supporting layer 4, a volcanic rock biological medium filter layer 5 and a semi-soft combined filler biological medium filter layer 6 from bottom to top. It mainly utilizes a special filter medium layer with a large specific surface area, a high opening rate and inertness, which is conducive to the contact and growth of microorganisms, high processing efficiency and not easy to be blocked. The two different properties of the mixed microbial membrane are used to adsorb, intercept and degrade fine suspended solids, organic matter, colloids and other pollutants in the sewage to achieve purification. The clean water flows out from the upper part and enters the secondary filtration area 13 for repeated filtration and purification treatment, and the final effluent meets the standard requirements of the "Agricultural Irrigation Water Quality Standard" (GB5084-2021). The intercepted sludge and other sediments are deposited in the mud bucket at the bottom of the equipment and are regularly discharged from the inspection hole 8 by suction.

[0047] In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. The terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buried upflow multi-media anaerobic biofiltration tank, characterized in that: include: The box body (1) is the main body; A pre-sedimentation zone (11), a primary filtration zone (12) and a secondary filtration zone (13) are provided, and the filtration method is operated from bottom to top; domestic sewage first enters the T-shaped downcomer (2), and mud, sand and larger suspended solids are separated in the pre-sedimentation zone (11), and the sludge sinks to the bottom sludge collecting bucket (3), and the sewage flows upward and then enters the primary filtration zone (12) through the downcomer (2). The primary filtration zone (12) is provided with a supporting layer (4), a volcanic rock biological medium filter layer (5) and a semi-soft combined filler biological medium filter layer (6) from bottom to top, and the clean water flows out from the top and enters the secondary filtration zone (13) to repeat the filtration and purification treatment.

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