Battery and electric device

Abstract

The utility model is applicable to the technical field of batteries, and provides a battery and a power utilization device.The battery comprises a heat exchange part and a plurality of battery monomers, each battery monomer comprises a shell, the shell is provided with a first face making contact with or opposite to the heat exchange part and a second face not making contact with or opposite to the heat exchange part, and the first face is provided with a heat conduction coating; the second face is provided with a heat insulation coating, and the heat conduction coating and the heat insulation coating are both insulating layers. The insulation reliability of the battery shell is improved, and the influence on the heat exchange effect of a battery is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a battery and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] The battery casing is usually designed to be charged to prevent ions from embedding into the battery casing and causing electrochemical corrosion, which in turn causes electrolyte leakage and insulation failure. Since most battery casings are charged, in order to ensure the safety of the battery system, the battery casing needs to be insulated to prevent electrochemical corrosion of the battery casing.

[0003] The existing insulation method is to coat the battery shell in the form of a film. The film has defects such as easy generation of bubbles and wrinkles, which reduces the insulation reliability. In addition, the film coating on the shell surface also has an adverse effect on the heat exchange effect of the battery shell. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a battery and an electrical device, which aims to improve the insulation reliability of the battery casing and the insulation setting form can reduce the impact on the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, in the first aspect, the present application provides a battery, including a heat exchanger and a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells include a shell, wherein the shell has a first surface in contact with or opposite to the heat exchanger and a second surface not in contact with or opposite to the heat exchanger, wherein a thermal conductive coating is provided on the first surface, and a thermal insulating coating is provided on the second surface, wherein both the thermal conductive coating and the thermal insulating coating are insulating layers. A thermal conductive coating is provided on the first surface of the shell for contact with or opposite to the heat exchanger, so as to achieve good heat exchange, and a thermal insulating coating is provided on the second surface not in contact with or opposite to the heat exchanger, so as to protect the non-heat exchange surface, and at the same time, both the thermal conductive coating and the thermal insulating coating are insulating layers, thus ensuring the insulation effect.

[0006] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the second surface of the housing includes a surface facing or in contact with the housing of the adjacent battery cell. After the second surface is provided with a heat-insulating coating, mutual interference of thermal runaway between adjacent battery cells can be prevented.

[0007] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the second surface of the housing includes a surface that is not opposite to or in contact with the housing of the adjacent battery cell, thereby achieving comprehensive protection of all surfaces of the battery cell.

[0008] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the first surface includes the bottom surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchange element is arranged opposite to the bottom surface. The first surface can be the bottom surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchange element can also be in a form of contacting the bottom surfaces of multiple battery cells at the same time, so that the heat exchange element is convenient to set. And for commonly used electrical devices, setting the heat exchange element at the bottom of a relatively low vertical position makes the structure more reasonable and easy to assemble.

[0009] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the first surface includes the top surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchanger is arranged opposite to the top surface. The position of the heat exchanger is arranged according to specific use requirements, so that the battery can be better structurally assembled, which not only achieves better heat dissipation, but also does not affect the use of the explosion-proof valve. At the same time, for the top surface, one heat exchanger can also simultaneously contact the top surfaces of multiple battery cells to achieve the effect of heat dissipation.

[0010] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the first surface includes a side surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchange element is arranged opposite to the side surface. The heat exchange surface can be selected according to the arrangement of the battery cell in the box and according to actual needs, that is, it can be the side surface of the battery cell. When the horizontal space in the box is large and the vertical space is small, the first surface can be selected as the side surface, which facilitates the arrangement of the heat exchange element and increases space utilization.

[0011] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the first surface includes a large surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchange element is arranged opposite to the large surface. By using the large surface as the first surface and as the heat exchange surface, the heat exchange effect is better due to the larger contact and heat exchange area.

[0012] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the heat-insulating coating is a heat-resistant material layer, which can withstand high temperatures and can work continuously without damage, thereby ensuring that adjacent battery cells work independently without mutual interference, and reducing the impact on adjacent battery cells even when a battery cell has thermal runaway.

[0013] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the thermal conductive coating is a ceramic-based composite material layer and / or a resin-based composite material layer. It has high mechanical strength and is heat-conductive, and while ensuring the heat exchange effect, it will not be damaged when the battery cell is thermally runaway, and the shell is still effectively insulated, which greatly improves the reliability of the battery cell shell insulation. Compared with the insulation in the form of a coating, the manufacturing process is simple and fast, and bubbles generated on the coating surface in the coating process will not be generated, and the insulation and withstand voltage performance of the battery cell will not be affected.

[0014] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the thermally conductive coating is a ceramic resin-based composite material layer, which has excellent properties of both ceramics and resin.

[0015] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the thermal insulation coating is a ceramic-based composite material coating and / or a resin-based composite material coating. The thermal insulation coating has the above effects and can also perform heat insulation, isolating the heat between adjacent battery cells from each other without mutual interference.

[0016] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the heat-insulating coating is a ceramic resin-based composite material layer. The heat-insulating coating has the above two effects and isolates the heat between adjacent battery cells from each other without mutual interference.

[0017] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the thermal conductive coating is a material layer combining boron nitride and water-based epoxy resin, which greatly improves the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and heat resistance of the coating, and has excellent mechanical properties, high mechanical strength, good thermal conductivity, and stable insulation, and can still maintain good insulation when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell.

[0018] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the thermally conductive coating is an epoxy resin-based thermally conductive insulating coating modified by epoxy polyhedral silsesquioxane, which can improve the thermal stability of the material, mechanical properties and other physical properties, so that the coating is not easy to crack and fall off and has stable insulation, and can still maintain good insulation when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell.

[0019] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the thermal insulation coating is a nano-composite ceramic-based resin insulation layer or a high-temperature resistant ceramic insulation layer. The nano-ceramic material has good hardness, fracture toughness and low-temperature ductility, so that the mechanical properties of the nano-composite ceramic-based resin, especially the hardness and strength, are greatly improved, and the high-temperature resistant ceramic has good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, good thermal stability and wear resistance.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an electrical device, wherein the electrical device comprises the battery provided in any one of the above embodiments.

[0021] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] By reading the detailed description of the following embodiments, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments and are not considered to be limitations of the present application. In addition, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components.

[0023] In the attached picture:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in some embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in some embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in some embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0029] The reference numerals in the specific implementation manner are as follows:

[0030] 1000. Vehicles;

[0031] 100, battery; 200, controller; 300, motor;

[0032] 101, battery cell; 1012, bottom surface; 1013, top surface; 1014, side surface; 1015, large surface; 102, thermal conductive coating; 103, thermal insulation coating;

[0033] 10. Heat exchange components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] At present, from the perspective of market development, the application of batteries is becoming more and more extensive. Batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of battery application areas, its market demand is also constantly expanding.

[0043] In order to meet different power requirements, the battery may include multiple battery cells, wherein the multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection, wherein the hybrid connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connections. Optionally, multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a battery module, and multiple battery modules may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a battery. In other words, multiple battery cells may be directly formed into a battery, or may be first formed into a battery module, and the battery module may then be formed into a battery. The battery is further disposed in an electrical device to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0044] The battery may include a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The battery may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Batteries are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical batteries, square batteries and soft-pack batteries.

[0045] The battery casing is usually designed to be charged to prevent lithium ions from embedding into the battery aluminum casing and causing electrochemical corrosion, which in turn causes electrolyte leakage and insulation failure. Since most battery casings are charged, in order to ensure the safety of the battery system, for example, to avoid a short circuit and explosion caused by the connection between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the battery casing during the battery transportation process or module assembly process, the battery casing needs to be insulated to prevent electrochemical corrosion and short circuit risks.

[0046] At the same time, the battery can only work normally within a certain temperature range. Batteries of any shape or connected in any form will generate heat during the use of the battery. If the heat is too high, it will have an adverse effect on the performance and service life of the battery. In related technologies, a heat exchange system can be set to exchange heat for the battery. The heat exchange system can be an air heat exchange system or a liquid heat exchange system.

[0047] The liquid heat exchange system uses heat exchange liquid as a heat exchange carrier, and uses liquid pumps and heat exchange pipes to complete the flow of heat exchange liquid in the battery system. It is divided into direct contact and indirect contact. Direct contact heat exchange is to immerse the battery pack directly in the heat exchange liquid; indirect contact heat exchange is to arrange heat exchange pipes between battery modules or arrange heat exchange components in the battery pack, and the heat exchange pipes are in direct contact with the battery modules or the heat exchange components are in direct contact with the batteries in the battery pack, and the heat is absorbed by the liquid in the heat exchange pipes or heat exchange components to remove heat.

[0048] The heat exchange system may include a heat exchange element, the surface of which is in contact with the surface of the battery. During use, for example, a heat exchange fluid flows through the heat exchange element, thereby removing heat from the battery and cooling the battery. The heat exchange element has a heat exchange channel inside, and the heat exchange fluid flows in the heat exchange channel.

[0049] Therefore, based on the above considerations, it is required that the surface of the battery housing should have good insulation properties, and the insulation setting should not affect the heat dissipation between the heat exchange element.

[0050] In the related art, the external insulation method of the shell often uses PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate) film, PI (Polyimide Film, polyimide) film, PP (Polypropylene high polymer polypropylene) film and other materials to coat the battery shell. As the size of the battery increases, the external coating process of the battery shell is difficult to control, and it is easy to produce defects such as bubbles and wrinkles. The defects will affect the subsequent assembly of the battery in the module or the whole package and the insulation effect of the battery shell. The strength of the internal insulation film such as PET film and PP film is poor, and it is easy to be pierced by the ultrasonic welding slag and laser welding slag generated during the production process of the battery cell. Because the bare battery cell usually adopts the form of the negative electrode wrapping the positive electrode, and the battery shell is charged, the welding slag pierces the internal insulation film and easily causes internal short circuit and other safety risks.

[0051] Although the traditional external insulating films made of PET, PI, PP and other materials have certain insulating properties, the laminating process of such insulating films is complicated and prone to defects such as bubbles and wrinkles, which affect the coating effect of the structural adhesive and thermal conductive adhesive between the batteries. In the process of assembling the battery into a module, a pre-tightening force needs to be applied to restrict the expansion of the battery cell and increase the cycle life of the battery. Structural adhesive needs to be applied between the large surfaces of the battery to ensure the smooth assembly of the module. Thermal conductive adhesive needs to be applied to the bottom of the battery to ensure the heat dissipation capacity of the battery. The coating effect of the traditional PET material external insulating film and the compatibility of the external insulating film with thermal conductive adhesive and structural adhesive have a great influence on the performance of the battery.

[0052] Based on the above considerations, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100, in which the shell of the battery cell 101 of the battery 100 has good insulation reliability and reduces the influence on the heat exchange effect.

[0053] The battery 100 provided in this embodiment can be applied to an electrical device, that is, an electrical device using the battery 100 as a power source or various energy storage systems using the battery 100 as an energy storage element. The electrical device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. The electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, and the like, and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, and the like.

[0054] The battery 100 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used in, but not limited to, electrical devices such as vehicles 1000, ships or aircraft. Electrical devices can use a power supply system having the battery 100 disclosed in the present application, which is conducive to improving the reliability of the electrical device.

[0055] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking the electric device provided in the embodiments of the present application as a vehicle 1000 as an example.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided for some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 may include a box, a battery cell 101 and a heat exchange system, wherein the battery cell 101 is accommodated in the box. The box is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cell 101, and the box may adopt a variety of structures.

[0059] The battery cell 101 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, wherein a secondary battery refers to a battery cell that can be continuously used by activating the active material by charging after the battery cell is discharged, and a primary battery refers to a battery cell that cannot be continuously used by activating the active material by charging after the power of the battery cell is exhausted. The battery cell may also be a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a magnesium-ion battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc., but is not limited thereto. The battery cell may be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a soft-pack battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. The prismatic battery cell includes a square-shell battery cell, a blade-shaped battery cell, and a polygonal prismatic battery. The polygonal prismatic battery is, for example, a hexagonal prismatic battery, etc., and the present application has no particular restrictions.

[0060] As a specific embodiment of the battery 100 provided in this application, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The battery 100 includes a heat exchange element 10 and a plurality of battery cells 101. The battery cells 101 include a shell. The shell has a first surface for contacting or opposing the heat exchange element 10 and a second surface not in contact with or opposing the heat exchange element 10. A thermal conductive coating 102 is provided on the first surface, and a thermal insulating coating 103 is provided on the second surface. Both the thermal conductive coating 102 and the thermal insulating coating 103 are insulating layers.

[0061] Specifically, the battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 101, and the battery 100 may also include a housing, wherein the battery cells 101 are arranged inside the housing, and the plurality of battery cells 101 may be evenly arranged in the form of multiple rows and columns inside the housing, and located on equal height planes. In some cases, adjacent battery cells 101 may be in contact with each other or may have a certain gap, and this gap is controlled within a reasonable range, so that there will be no interference between each other, and a greater energy density can be achieved in the housing. The battery cell 101 has a housing, and the housing of the battery cell 101 may be in the form of a cuboid, a cube, or the like.

[0062] In order to meet the heat exchange requirements of the battery cell 101, the present embodiment further provides a heat exchange element 10. For example, the heat exchange element 10 may be a heat exchange plate, that is, a plate-like structure. The heat exchange element 10 has a liquid flow channel inside, and heat exchange liquid continuously flows. The heat exchange element 10 itself is made of a heat-conducting material. In this way, when the heat exchange element 10 is in contact with the shell, heat exchange can be performed on the battery cell 101, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the battery 100, or heat exchange can be achieved in a relative situation, that is, when the distance is close. The heat exchange element 10 can also be of other types, such as a multi-row tubular structure.

[0063] In this embodiment, the surface of the shell that is in contact with or opposite to the heat exchange element 10 for heat exchange is defined as the first surface, and the surface that is not in contact with or opposite to the heat exchange element 10 is the second surface. Since the first surface needs to conduct heat, a thermal conductive coating 102 is provided on the first surface, and a thermal insulation coating 103 is provided on the second surface, and both are insulating layers.

[0064] Compared with the related art that uses a film to wrap the shell, the thermal conductive coating 102 and the thermal insulating coating 103 provided in this embodiment have higher insulation reliability, and the surfaces of the shell are distinguished, and the thermal conductive coating 102 and the thermal insulating coating 103 are respectively provided, thereby reducing the impact on the heat exchange effect.

[0065] The related art also involves a single-coated insulating layer. In order not to affect the heat dissipation effect, the single-layer insulating layer is coated on the surface of the battery cell shell that contacts the heat exchange component. This reduces the insulation reliability of the battery cell. When the battery 100 shell is heated, the insulating material of the battery cell shell will be damaged, resulting in insulation failure. Although the coating form in the related art has a certain insulation effect, it affects the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange surface. Therefore, in order to reduce the impact on the heat exchange effect, only a single-layer coating thinner than other surfaces is set on the heat exchange surface. Although the setting of this layer reduces the impact on heat exchange, its insulation effect is poor. After the battery cell loses control, the insulation effect of the shell will fail, which greatly affects the reliability of the battery 100. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the battery cell 101 of the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application distinguishes each surface, and after the distinction, a heat-conductive insulating coating is provided on the heat exchange surface, and a heat-insulating insulating layer is provided on the non-heat exchange surface, and the thermal conductive coating 102 does not need to be set thinner in order not to affect the heat exchange. Therefore, the battery 100 provided in the present application reduces the impact on the heat exchange and improves the reliability of the insulation effect.

[0066] It should be noted that the first surface is a heat exchange surface, and the second surface is a non-heat exchange surface.

[0067] In some cases, when the heat exchanger 10 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 101, the two surfaces of the heat exchanger 10 respectively contact the surfaces of the shells of the two adjacent battery cells 101 or have a small gap with the surfaces of the shells. At this time, the surface is the first surface, and the thermal conductive coating 102 is disposed on the first surface. Specifically, it can be understood that when the heat exchanger 10 is disposed between two battery cells 101, the shells of the two adjacent battery cells 101 are separated by the heat exchanger 10, and the two shells do not have two surfaces facing or contacting each other. They both face the heat exchanger 10, so this surface is the first surface, and the thermal conductive coating 102 needs to be disposed.

[0068] For another example, the heat exchange element 10 can also be arranged at the ends of multiple battery cells 101, that is, the heat exchange element 10 is arranged above the end surfaces of the multiple battery cells 101 on the same side, and the end surfaces of the shells of the multiple battery cells 101 on the same side contact the heat exchange element 10 at the same time, then the end surface on the same side is the first surface, and the thermal conductive coating 102 is set.

[0069] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The second surface of the shell includes a surface that is opposite to or in contact with the shell of the adjacent battery cell 101 .

[0070] Specifically, when the battery cells 101 are arranged, adjacent battery cells 101 can form opposing or contacting surfaces. The opposing or contacting surfaces of the two shells are required to have a better insulation effect to reduce the risk of mutual impact when thermal runaway occurs. Therefore, this embodiment provides that the second surface includes a surface opposing or contacting the shell of the adjacent battery cell 101. It can also be understood that in this case, the heat exchange element 10 is not placed between the two shells, and the surfaces of the two shells are directly opposing or contacting.

[0071] The second surface may be the surface of the shells of two battery cells 101 that are opposite or in contact, wherein opposite refers to two directly opposite surfaces located on two adjacent shells, or in some cases, such as when the battery cells 101 are densely arranged, the two surfaces may be in direct contact, and the two contacting surfaces are the second surfaces.

[0072] Therefore, after the heat-insulating coating 103 is provided on the second surface provided in this embodiment, mutual interference of thermal runaway between adjacent battery cells can be prevented.

[0073] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The second surface of the shell may also include a surface that is not opposite to or in contact with the shell of the adjacent battery cell 101 .

[0074] Specifically, after the multiple battery cells 101 are arranged, there is a surface on the shell of the battery cell 101 located at the edge that is not opposite to or in contact with the shell of the adjacent battery cell 101, and this surface can also be used as the second surface and provided with the heat insulation coating 103, so as to achieve comprehensive insulation protection for the battery cell 101. At this time, the second surface is also not in contact with or opposite to the heat exchange element 10.

[0075] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first surface may include the bottom surface 1012 of the battery cell 101, and the heat exchange element 10 is arranged opposite to the bottom surface 1012. Specifically, the direction perpendicular to the opposite two end surfaces of the battery cell 101 is the vertical direction (such as Figure 5The bottom surface 1012 of the battery cell 101 refers to the lower end surface. When the battery 100 is in use and placed vertically, the vertical direction is the direction of the arrow, and the first surface is the bottom surface 1012 of the battery cell 101. The use state can be understood as the state when the battery 100 is in a stable discharge or charge state, or it can be the placement state when it is installed on an electrical device, such as the state when it is installed on a vehicle 1000. The bottom surface 1012 is the bottommost surface in the vertical direction (direction of the arrow) when in use. At this time, the heat exchanger 10 can be arranged directly opposite the bottom surface 1012, or it can be understood that the battery cell 101 is placed on the heat exchanger 10.

[0076] The effect of this embodiment is that the first surface can be the bottom surface 1012 of the battery cell 101, and the heat exchanger 10 can also be in contact with the bottom surfaces 1012 of multiple battery cells 101 at the same time, so that the heat exchanger 10 is convenient to set. And for common electrical devices, the heat exchanger 10 is set at the bottom at a relatively low vertical position, and the structure is more reasonable and easy to assemble.

[0077] Alternatively, in some embodiments, see Figure 5 The first surface may also include a top surface 1013 of the battery cell 101 , and the heat exchange element 10 is disposed opposite to the top surface 1013 .

[0078] Specifically, the direction perpendicular to the two opposite end surfaces of the battery cell 101 is still regarded as the vertical direction (eg Figure 5 In some cases, due to specific needs, the cover plate and explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 101 are arranged on the bottom surface 1012 of the battery cell 101. In this case, the first surface is the top surface 1013 of the battery cell 101, and the top surface 1013 is the heat exchange surface. The heat exchange element 10 can be brought into contact with the top surface 1013 of the battery cell 101 to achieve heat exchange.

[0079] The effect of this embodiment is that the position of the heat exchange component 10 is set according to specific usage needs, so that the battery 100 can be better structurally assembled, which not only achieves better heat dissipation, but also does not affect the use of the explosion-proof valve. At the same time, for the top surface 1013, one heat exchange component 10 can also contact the top surfaces 1013 of multiple battery cells 101 at the same time to achieve the heat dissipation effect.

[0080] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 5The first surface includes a side surface 1014 of the battery cell 101, and the heat exchange element 10 is arranged opposite to the side surface 1014. Specifically, the side surface 1014 is a surface other than the bottom surface 1012 and the top surface 1013. When the battery 100 is installed on the electrical device, in addition to the bottom surface 1012 and the top surface 1013, the surface between the bottom surface 1012 and the top surface 1013 includes the side surface 1014, and the heat exchange element 10 can contact the side surface 1014 to achieve heat exchange. Since the battery cells 101 can be arranged in the form of multiple rows and columns, for the side 1014, the side 1014 can be two adjacent surfaces of two battery cells 101. In this case, the heat exchange element 10 can be set between the two adjacent battery cells 101. The side 1014 can also be a surface of a battery cell 101 at a certain edge position that is not opposite to the adjacent battery cell 101. In this case, the heat exchange element 10 can be attached to this surface, and the heat exchange element 10 is not located between the battery cells 101, and can be located as a whole on one side of all the battery cells 101.

[0081] The effect of this embodiment is that the heat exchange surface can be selected according to the actual needs based on the arrangement of the battery cell 101 in the box, that is, it can be the side 1014 of the battery cell 101. When the horizontal space in the box is larger and the vertical space is smaller, the first surface can be selected as the side 1014, which facilitates the arrangement of the heat exchange component 10 and increases space utilization.

[0082] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the first surface may also include a large surface 1015 of the battery cell 101, and the heat exchange element 10 is arranged opposite to the large surface 1015. Similarly, for the battery cell 101 with a rectangular structure, when the battery cell 101 is installed on the electrical device, it has a bottom surface 1012 and a top surface 1013 in the vertical direction (arrow direction), and the surface between the bottom surface 1012 and the top surface 1013 also includes a large surface 1015. Relative to the side surface 1014, the area of ​​the large surface 1015 is larger than the area of ​​the side surface 1014. The effect of this embodiment is that by using the large surface 1015 as the first surface and as the heat exchange surface, the heat exchange effect is better due to the larger contact and heat exchange area.

[0083] It should also be explained that the first surface includes the bottom surface 1012, the top surface 1013, the side surface 1014 and the large surface 1015, which means that the first surface can be one surface or two or more surfaces therein. For example, the first surface can be the bottom surface 1012 and the top surface 1013, the side surface 1014 and the bottom surface 1012, the bottom surface 1012 and the large surface 1015, the top surface 1013 and the side surface 1014, the side surface 1014 and the large surface 1015, etc. That is to say, depending on the different installation positions of the heat exchange components 10 and the different installation numbers of the heat exchange components 10, the bottom surface 1012 and the top surface 1013 of the battery cell 101 can be the first surfaces at the same time. For example, the heat exchange components 10 are respectively installed at the opposite ends of the battery cell 101. At this time, the bottom surface 1012 and the top surface 1013 of the battery cell 101 are the first surfaces at the same time, and a thermal conductive coating 102 needs to be installed to exchange heat with the heat exchange component 10. For another example, when the heat exchange components 10 are installed on the top surface 1013 and the bottom surface 1012 of the battery cell 101 and between two adjacent battery cells 101, the bottom surface 1012, the top surface 1013 and the side surface 1014 or the large surface 1015 of the battery cell 101 are the first surfaces at the same time, and a thermal conductive coating 102 needs to be installed to exchange heat with the heat exchange component 10.

[0084] It should also be noted that the second surface and the first surface can be selected and set according to specific needs when they are actually set. On the shell of the battery cell, the same surface cannot be the first surface and the second surface at the same time, but one of the first surface and the second surface. The above embodiment illustrates that the first surface may include the bottom surface 1012, the top surface 1013, the side surface 1014 and the large surface 1015, and when one or more of the bottom surface 1012, the top surface 1013, the side surface 1014 and the large surface 1015 are non-heat exchange surfaces, they can be the second surface for setting the thermal insulation coating 103. And the above embodiment illustrates that the second surface may include a surface that is or is not opposite to or in contact with the adjacent shell, but if this surface is used for heat exchange, this surface can be the first surface for setting the thermal conductive coating 102.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present application, the heat-insulating coating 103 is a heat-resistant material layer. The function of the heat-insulating coating 103 is to isolate the heat, specifically to isolate the heat between two adjacent battery cells 101, reduce the risk of mutual interference, and at the same time ensure the heat resistance of the heat-insulating coating 103, so the present embodiment provides a heat-insulating coating 103 using a heat-resistant material layer. The heat-resistant material can be an inorganic compound or a polymer, so that it has a good high temperature tolerance. At the same time, in order to ensure the insulation effect, the heat-resistant material layer provided in the present embodiment adopts an insulating material. The effect of the heat-insulating coating 103 provided in the present embodiment using a heat-resistant material layer is that it can withstand high temperatures, and the risk of damage due to continuous operation at high temperatures is small, which ensures the independent operation of adjacent battery cells 101 without mutual interference, that is, when a battery cell 101 has thermal runaway, the impact of the battery cell 101 on the adjacent battery cell 101 is reduced.

[0086] In some embodiments, the thermal conductive coating 102 may be a ceramic-based composite material layer, or a resin-based composite material layer, or may include both a ceramic-based composite material layer and a resin-based composite material layer.

[0087] Ceramic-based composite materials and resin-based composite materials are both fiber-reinforced composite materials, and fiber-reinforced composite materials can be divided into resin-based, metal-based and ceramic-based composite materials. Since metal-based is a non-insulating material, this embodiment uses ceramic-based composite materials and / or resin-based composite materials in fiber-reinforced composite materials.

[0088] Ceramic-based composite materials are composite materials that use ceramic as a matrix and other materials. The ceramic matrix can be silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron nitride, etc., which have high temperature resistance, high strength and rigidity, relatively light weight, and corrosion resistance. However, the thermal conductive coating 102 is an insulating layer, so the ceramic-based composite material is insulated as a whole, and a composite material of ceramic and non-metal can be used. In this embodiment, the thermal conductive coating 102 is made of a ceramic-based composite material, which can make the thermal conductive coating 102 have better high temperature resistance, strength and rigidity, and reduce the risk of insulation failure during thermal runaway.

[0089] The resin-based composite material layer is a reinforcing material with an organic polymer as the matrix, such as epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, phenolic resin, polyurethane, etc. Resin-based composite materials mainly include two categories: thermosetting resin-based composite materials and thermoplastic resin-based composite materials. Thermosetting resin-based composite materials are composite materials made of thermosetting resins such as unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins, and phenolic resins as the matrix, and glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, etc. as reinforcing materials. They have excellent chemical stability, electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, good bonding properties and high mechanical strength. Epoxy resin has excellent physical and mechanical and electrical insulation properties, corrosion resistance, chemical stability, and bonding properties with various materials. In this embodiment, the thermal conductive coating 102 is made of a resin-based composite material so that it has good mechanical strength and insulation, etc., which reduces the risk of insulation failure during thermal runaway.

[0090] Alternatively, the thermal conductive coating 102 in this embodiment may also include both a ceramic-based composite material layer and a resin-based composite material layer, thereby combining the advantages of both.

[0091] It should be noted that the thermal conductive coating 102 in this embodiment is made of a thermally conductive ceramic-based composite material layer, a resin-based composite material layer, or a combination of the two.

[0092] In order not to affect the heat dissipation effect in the related art, a single insulating layer is coated on the surface of the battery cell shell in contact with the heat exchanger 10, which reduces the insulation reliability of the battery cell. When the battery shell is heated, the insulating material of the battery cell shell will be damaged, resulting in insulation failure.

[0093] The thermal conductive coating 102 in the present embodiment adopts ceramic-based composite materials, resin-based composite materials or both. Both ceramic-based composite materials and resin-based composite materials are fiber-reinforced composite materials, have high mechanical strength, and can conduct heat. While ensuring the heat exchange effect, it will not be damaged when the battery cell is thermally runaway, and the shell can still maintain effective insulation, which greatly improves the reliability of the battery cell 101 shell insulation. In addition, compared with the insulation in the form of coating, the manufacturing process is simple and fast, and no bubbles are generated on the coating surface during the coating process, which does not affect the insulation and withstand voltage performance of the battery cell. Compared with a single-layer coating, the thermal conductive coating 102 in the present embodiment has high mechanical strength and can prevent insulation damage caused by thermal runaway.

[0094] In some embodiments, the thermal conductive coating 102 may also be a thermally conductive ceramic resin-based composite material layer. The ceramic resin-based composite material layer is a composite material with ceramic and resin as matrices, which has the excellent properties of both.

[0095] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation coating 103 may be a ceramic-based composite material coating, a resin-based composite material coating, both, or a ceramic-resin-based composite material layer. The difference from the thermal conductive coating 102 is that the thermal insulation coating 103 is made of a non-thermal conductive material, i.e., a heat insulating material, while the thermal conductive coating 102 is made of a heat conductive material. When the material is a heat insulating material, in addition to the above effects, it can also be heat insulated to isolate the heat between adjacent battery cells 101 from each other without mutual interference.

[0096] In some embodiments, the thermal conductive coating 102 is a material layer combining boron nitride and water-based epoxy resin.

[0097] This embodiment uses a material layer combining boron nitride and water-based epoxy resin.

[0098] Boron nitride is a high-performance ceramic material with excellent thermal conductivity, insulation and high temperature resistance. Through modification, the toughness, adhesion and compatibility of boron nitride with epoxy resin can be improved, thereby further improving the comprehensive performance of the coating.

[0099] Epoxy resin is a resin material with excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and insulation properties. Waterborne epoxy resin is dispersed in water, which has the advantages of environmental protection, low toxicity and easy construction. The combination of waterborne epoxy resin and modified boron nitride can give full play to the advantages of both and improve the comprehensive performance of the coating.

[0100] Specifically, pure epoxy resin has a relatively low thermal conductivity. In order to improve the thermal conductivity of pure epoxy resin materials, fillers with good thermal conductivity are added to the matrix. Filled thermal conductive epoxy resin materials meet the thermal conductivity requirements by adding inorganic thermal conductive fillers without affecting the original comprehensive properties of the resin. Boron nitride is an excellent thermal conductive material and can be used as a filler. Boron nitride can be added to water-based epoxy resin as a reinforcing agent to prepare a boron nitride / epoxy resin composite coating, which can greatly improve the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and heat resistance of the coating. At the same time, boron nitride can be modified. Unmodified boron nitride has poor compatibility with the resin matrix, and when added, it will exist in the form of agglomerates, with irregular and disorderly distribution, which is not conducive to the improvement of the performance of epoxy resin coatings. Boron nitride can be modified, its orientation can be changed, and composite nanofillers can be added to enhance its compatibility with the resin.

[0101] Therefore, the material layer combining boron nitride and water-based epoxy resin is specifically a thermally conductive insulating coating combining modified boron nitride and water-based epoxy resin, which has excellent mechanical properties, high mechanical strength, good thermal conductivity, and stable insulation. It can still maintain good insulation when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 101.

[0102] In some embodiments, the thermal conductive coating 102 may also be an epoxy resin-based thermal conductive insulating coating modified by epoxy-based polyhedral silsesquioxane.

[0103] Epoxy polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane not only has the toughness, low cost and good processability of polymer materials, but also has the advantages of high strength, non-oxidation, high temperature resistance and good mechanical properties of inorganic materials. At present, the use of epoxy polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane as a nanostructured component to prepare organic-inorganic hybrid materials can improve the thermal stability of the material, improve the mechanical properties and other physical properties.

[0104] The specific operation is as follows: octavinyl polyhedral silsesquioxane is obtained by hydrolysis and condensation of vinyl trichlorosilane; the vinyl group of octavinyl polyhedral silsesquioxane and the allyl group of allyl glycidyl ether are catalytically polymerized to obtain epoxy polyhedral silsesquioxane; isophorone diisocyanate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate are then used to perform in-situ polymerization modification on the surface of aluminum oxide and carbon fiber; finally, epoxy resin is filled and the epoxy resin is modified with epoxy polyhedral silsesquioxane, and when used, it is mixed with a curing agent, sprayed, and dried to obtain an epoxy resin-based thermal conductive insulating coating modified with epoxy polyhedral silsesquioxane.

[0105] The epoxy resin is modified with epoxy polyhedral silsesquioxane. The presence of the Si-O skeleton not only effectively improves the thermal properties and flame retardancy of the epoxy resin, but also makes the coating less prone to cracking and falling off and has stable insulation properties, and can still maintain good insulation properties when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 101.

[0106] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation coating 103 is a nano-composite ceramic-based resin insulation layer or a high-temperature resistant ceramic insulation layer.

[0107] Nano-ceramic materials have good hardness, fracture toughness and low-temperature ductility, which greatly improves the mechanical properties of nano-composite ceramic-based resins, especially hardness and strength. The resin has insulating and heat-insulating effects, so that the thermal insulation coating 103 can effectively insulate and insulate, and has strong mechanical strength, which can keep the shell insulated when the battery cell 101 is in thermal runaway. High-temperature resistant ceramics have good high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, good thermal stability and wear resistance. Specifically, ZrO2 can be used, which has a high melting point, low thermal conductivity and a small expansion coefficient.

[0108] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the heat exchange element 10 included in the battery 100 is a heat exchange plate, and the first surface in contact with the heat exchange element 10 is the bottom surface 1012 of the shell of the battery cell 101. The battery cell 101 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and there are multiple battery cells 101. The heat exchange element 10 is arranged at the bottom of the multiple battery cells 101, and the surface opposite to the adjacent battery cells 101 is the second surface. A thermal conductive coating 102 is arranged on the first surface, and a thermal insulation coating 103 is arranged on the second surface. The thermal conductive coating 102 is a material layer combining boron nitride and water-based epoxy resin, and the thermal insulation coating 103 adopts a nano-composite ceramic-based resin insulation layer. Therefore, the battery 100 provided in this specific embodiment has a good heat exchange effect, and when the battery cell is thermally runaway, the insulation of the shell will not fail due to the good performance of the thermal conductive coating 102 and the thermal insulation coating 103.

[0109] In a second aspect, the present application also provides an electrical device, which includes the battery 100 provided by any of the above embodiments. Since the battery 100 has good insulation reliability and the heat exchange effect will not be reduced, the continuous reliable operation of the electrical device is also guaranteed.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that: It includes a heat exchange element and multiple battery cells, the battery cells include a shell, the shell has a first surface in contact with or opposite to the heat exchange element and a second surface not in contact with or opposite to the heat exchange element, a thermal conductive coating is provided on the first surface, and a thermal insulation coating is provided on the second surface, and the thermal conductive coating and the thermal insulation coating are both insulating layers.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The second surface includes a surface facing or in contact with a housing of an adjacent battery cell.

3. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The second surface includes a surface that is not opposite to or in contact with a housing of an adjacent battery cell.

4. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The first surface includes the bottom surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchange element is arranged opposite to the bottom surface.

5. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The first surface includes a top surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchange element is arranged facing the top surface.

6. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The first surface includes a side surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchange element is arranged opposite to the side surface.

7. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The first surface includes a large surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchange element is arranged opposite to the large surface.

8. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The heat-insulating coating is a heat-resistant material layer.

9. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The thermal conductive coating is a ceramic-based composite material layer and / or a resin-based composite material layer.

10. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The thermal conductive coating is a ceramic resin-based composite material layer.

11. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The thermal insulation coating is a ceramic-based composite material coating and / or a resin-based composite material coating.

12. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The thermal insulation coating is a ceramic resin-based composite material layer.

13. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The thermal conductive coating is an epoxy resin-based thermal conductive insulating coating modified by epoxy-based polyhedral silsesquioxane.

14. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The heat-insulating coating is a nano-composite ceramic-based resin insulating layer or a high-temperature resistant ceramic insulating layer.

15. An electrical device, characterized in that: The electrical device comprises the battery according to any one of claims 1-14.

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