Battery box locking mechanism and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of operation machinery, in particular to a battery box locking mechanism and an electric vehicle. The utility model provides a battery box locking mechanism which comprises a vehicle-mounted base suitable for bearing a battery box; the spring bolt device is suitable for locking or unlocking a battery box on a vehicle-mounted base, the spring bolt device comprises a plurality of spring bolt bodies, a transmission assembly and a driving device, the transmission assembly comprises a power input part and at least two power output parts, the power input part is connected with the driving device, and the power output parts are connected with the driving device. The at least two power output parts are connected with the at least two spring bolt bodies in a one-to-one correspondence mode so that the driving device can drive the at least two spring bolt bodies to be synchronously switched between the locking position and the unlocking position through the transmission assembly. According to the battery box locking mechanism and the electric vehicle, the problems that the battery box locking mechanism is complex in structure and high in cost can be solved or improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of operating machinery, in particular to a battery box locking mechanism and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As an innovative way of energy replenishment, the battery swap solution has shown great potential and advantages in ensuring the endurance of electric working vehicles. Electric working vehicles, such as electric heavy trucks, electric buses, electric forklifts, and electric construction machinery, need to run continuously during work and have extremely high requirements for endurance. Traditional charging methods often cannot meet their needs for fast and efficient charging. Therefore, the battery swap solution came into being, providing a more convenient and reliable way to replenish energy for electric working vehicles.

[0003] In the related art, a battery-swappable electric vehicle includes a battery box locking mechanism, which generally includes key components such as a vehicle-mounted base, a guide column, and a locking tongue device. The vehicle-mounted base serves as a bearing platform for the battery box, and the vehicle-mounted base is generally designed as a frame structure to provide sufficient support strength and stability. One or more guide columns are provided on each frame of the vehicle-mounted base. Each guide column is provided with a guide surface, and under the guiding action of the guide surfaces of the multiple guide columns, the battery box can be guided to accurately move to the set position during the installation process. After the battery box is guided to the set position by the guide column, the locking tongue device firmly locks the battery box on the vehicle-mounted base by mechanical locking. In this way, even if the vehicle encounters bumps or vibrations during driving, the battery box can maintain a stable installation state.

[0004] In the battery box locking mechanism in the related art, the lock tongue device includes a lock tongue body and a driving device, and the driving device drives the lock tongue body to move to switch between the locked position and the unlocked position. However, the lock tongue device in the related art has a one-to-one correspondence with the guide column, that is, each guide column is correspondingly provided with a lock tongue device, and each lock tongue device includes a lock tongue body and a driving device. However, this setting method makes the overall structure of the battery box locking mechanism complicated and the cost is high.

[0005] Therefore, how to solve or improve the problem of complex structure and high cost of the battery box locking mechanism in the prior art has become an important issue to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the utility model provides a battery box locking mechanism and an electric vehicle, which can solve or improve the problem of complex structure and high cost of the battery box locking mechanism.

[0007] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a battery box locking mechanism, comprising:

[0008] A vehicle-mounted base suitable for carrying a battery box;

[0009] A lock tongue device is suitable for locking or unlocking the battery box on the vehicle-mounted base. The lock tongue device includes a lock tongue body, a transmission assembly and a drive device. The lock tongue body is provided in plurality. The transmission assembly includes a power input part and at least two power output parts. The power input part is connected to the drive device. At least two of the power output parts are connected to at least two of the lock tongue bodies in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the drive device drives at least two of the lock tongue bodies to switch synchronously between the locked position and the unlocked position through the transmission assembly.

[0010] Beneficial effects:

[0011] The battery box locking mechanism provided by the utility model has a locking tongue device used to lock the battery box on the vehicle base. After the battery box is placed on the vehicle base, the locking tongue device can be switched from the unlocking position to the locking position to lock the battery box on the vehicle base to ensure the stability of the battery box on the vehicle base. In this solution, the driving device of the locking tongue device can simultaneously drive multiple locking tongue bodies to move through the transmission assembly, and then can simultaneously drive multiple locking tongue bodies to simultaneously lock the battery box or simultaneously unlock the battery box. Compared with the prior art in which each locking tongue body is correspondingly provided with a driving device, the technical solution provided by the utility model has multiple locking tongue bodies correspondingly provided with a driving device, which simplifies the overall structure of the battery box locking mechanism and reduces the production cost.

[0012] The battery box locking mechanism provided by the utility model also includes:

[0013] The first-level guide column is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base, and the first-level guide column is provided with a guide slope suitable for guiding the movement of the battery box; the lock tongue body is arranged on the first-level guide column.

[0014] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the utility model, the first-stage guide column is provided in plurality, and a lock hole is provided on the first-stage guide column;

[0015] Each of the locking tongue devices corresponds to a pair of the first-stage guide columns, and each of the locking tongue devices includes a pair of locking tongue bodies, which are one-to-one corresponding to each other and can be telescopically arranged in the locking holes of a pair of the first-stage guide columns. The power output part of each of the transmission components is arranged in a pair and is correspondingly connected to the pair of locking tongue bodies.

[0016] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the utility model, the transmission assembly includes:

[0017] A first connecting rod connected to the output shaft of the driving device;

[0018] The first ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are respectively hinged to the first connecting rod, and the hinge points of the second connecting rod and the first connecting rod are symmetrically distributed with the output shaft of the driving device as the symmetry center. The second ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are respectively hinged to a pair of the lock tongue bodies.

[0019] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the utility model, the vehicle-mounted base is configured as a square structure, and the first-level guide columns are configured as four and are respectively disposed at the four corner positions of the vehicle-mounted base;

[0020] The number of the locking tongue devices is two, and each of the locking tongue devices includes a pair of locking tongue bodies, the pair of locking tongue bodies are respectively arranged on a pair of adjacent first-stage guide columns, and the driving device is arranged at the middle position of the pair of first-stage guide columns.

[0021] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the utility model, the driving device includes a motor, a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor.

[0022] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the utility model, the guiding slope of the first-level guide column includes a first guiding slope and a second guiding slope, the first guiding slope is suitable for guiding the battery box to move along the first direction, and the second guiding slope is suitable for guiding the battery box to move along the second direction.

[0023] The battery box locking mechanism provided by the utility model also includes:

[0024] A second-stage guide column is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base, and a top end of the second-stage guide column is arranged in a conical structure;

[0025] And / or an electrical connector, suitable for being electrically connected to a battery box, the electrical connector being provided with a third-level guiding structure, and the electrical connector being arranged at a middle position of the vehicle-mounted base.

[0026] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the utility model, the second-level guide columns are provided in plurality, and the plurality of the second-level guide columns are divided into at least a first row and a second row, and the second-level guide columns in the first row are staggered with the second-level guide columns in the second row.

[0027] In a second aspect, the utility model provides an electric vehicle, comprising a battery box locking mechanism as described in any one of the above items.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] The vehicle provided by the utility model can simplify the structure of the battery box locking mechanism and reduce production costs. The derivation process of this beneficial effect is generally similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought about by the above-mentioned battery box locking mechanism, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery box locking mechanism in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the battery box locking mechanism in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locking tongue device and the first-stage guide column in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 11. Vehicle base; 12. Lock tongue device; 121. Lock tongue body; 122. Transmission assembly; 1221. First connecting rod; 1222. Second connecting rod; 1223. Third connecting rod; 123. Driving device; 13. First-stage guide column; 131. First guiding slope; 132. Second guiding slope; 14. Second-stage guide column; 15. Electrical connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery box locking mechanism, including a vehicle-mounted base 11 and a locking tongue device 12.

[0038] The vehicle base 11 is an important component of the vehicle, which is suitable for carrying the battery box, that is, the weight of the battery box is mainly borne by the vehicle base 11. The structure of the vehicle base 11 can be a rectangular frame, a trapezoidal frame, a polygonal frame, etc., and its material can be aluminum alloy or steel.

[0039] The lock tongue device 12 is suitable for locking or unlocking the battery box on the vehicle base 11. The lock tongue device 12 includes a lock tongue body 121, a transmission assembly 122 and a driving device 123. The lock tongue body 121 is provided in plurality. The transmission assembly 122 includes a power input part and at least two power output parts. The power input part is connected to the driving device 123. The at least two power output parts are connected to at least two lock tongue bodies 121 in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the driving device 123 drives at least two lock tongue bodies 121 to switch synchronously between the locked position and the unlocked position through the transmission assembly 122.

[0040] The battery box locking mechanism proposed in this embodiment can realize synchronous control of multiple lock tongue bodies 121 through a set of driving devices 123 combined with an efficient transmission assembly 122. Among them, the vehicle-mounted base 11 is used as a bearing platform for the battery box, and the design needs to consider the load-bearing capacity and stability to ensure the safety and stability of the battery box. The lock tongue body 121 adopts multiple designs, which are respectively arranged at the key connection points between the battery box and the vehicle-mounted base 11, and the battery box is fixed by a physical engagement or locking mechanism. The transmission assembly 122 includes a power input part and at least two power output parts, the former is connected to the driving device 123, and the latter is respectively connected to each lock tongue body 121 one by one, so as to realize efficient transmission and distribution of power. This design ensures that multiple lock tongue bodies 121 can synchronously respond to the instructions of the driving device 123 to achieve synchronous locking or unlocking. The driving device 123 is the power source of the entire locking mechanism. By controlling the transmission assembly 122, the lock tongue body 121 is driven to switch between the locking position and the unlocking position. In this embodiment, a plurality of lock tongue bodies 121 can be controlled simultaneously through a set of driving devices 123 , thereby avoiding the redundant design of separately equipping each lock tongue body 121 with a driving device 123 , and effectively reducing the production cost and manufacturing complexity.

[0041] In order to further improve the positioning accuracy and installation convenience of the battery box on the vehicle base 11, in a further embodiment, a first-level guide column 13 may be provided on the vehicle base 11. The first-level guide column 13 not only plays a supporting and positioning role, but also guides the battery box to automatically align and smoothly slide into a predetermined position during the placement process through its guiding inclined surface design.

[0042] The first-stage guide column 13 can be provided in multiple numbers, and is usually reasonably arranged according to the size and weight distribution of the battery box to ensure that the battery box can be fully supported and guided during placement. Each first-stage guide column 13 is provided with a lock hole, which cooperates with the lock tongue body 121. When the battery box is in place, the lock tongue body 121 can extend from the lock hole of the first-stage guide column 13 to the lock hole of the battery box to achieve locking of the battery box.

[0043] A guiding slope is arranged on the top of the first-stage guiding column 13, and the guiding slope plays a guiding role in the placement process of the battery box, so that the battery box can slide smoothly into the predetermined position along the guiding slope.

[0044] In this embodiment, each locking tongue device 12 corresponds to a pair of first-stage guide columns 13, and the power output part of each transmission assembly 122 is provided in a pair and connected to a pair of locking tongue bodies 121, respectively, and the pair of locking tongue bodies 121 are provided on a pair of first-stage guide columns 13 corresponding to the locking tongue device 12. This design ensures that when the driving device 123 of the locking tongue device 12 is started, the pair of locking tongue bodies 121 of the locking tongue device 12 can move synchronously, so as to realize the synchronous locking or unlocking of the battery box.

[0045] In a further embodiment, the transmission assembly 122 connected between the driving device 123 and the lock tongue body 121 includes a first connecting rod 1221, a second connecting rod 1222 and a third connecting rod 1223. The first connecting rod 1221 is connected to the output shaft of the driving device 123. The first ends of the second connecting rod 1222 and the third connecting rod 1223 are respectively hinged to the first connecting rod 1221, and the hinge points of the second connecting rod 1222 and the third connecting rod 1223 are symmetrically distributed with the output shaft of the driving device 123 as the symmetry center, and the second ends of the second connecting rod 1222 and the third connecting rod 1223 are respectively hinged to a pair of lock tongue bodies 121.

[0046] The first connecting rod 1221 is connected to the output shaft of the driving device 123. When the driving device 123 is started, its output shaft drives the first connecting rod 1221 to rotate, thereby transmitting power. The first ends of the second connecting rod 1222 and the third connecting rod 1223 are respectively hinged at different positions of the first connecting rod 1221. It is important that the two hinge points are symmetrically distributed with the output shaft of the driving device 123 as the symmetry center. This symmetrical design ensures that when the first connecting rod 1221 rotates, the second connecting rod 1222 and the third connecting rod 1223 can move at the same angle and speed, thereby achieving balanced transmission of power.

[0047] The second ends of the second connecting rod 1222 and the third connecting rod 1223 are respectively hinged to a pair of lock tongue bodies 121. This connection mode allows the lock tongue body 121 to perform telescopic movement along a predetermined trajectory after receiving the power transmitted by the connecting rod. Since the movement of the second connecting rod 1222 and the third connecting rod 1223 is synchronous, the lock tongue body 121 connected to them will also move synchronously, realizing synchronous locking or unlocking of the battery box.

[0048] Specifically, when the driving device 123 is started, its output shaft drives the first connecting rod 1221 to rotate. Since the first ends of the second connecting rod 1222 and the third connecting rod 1223 are hinged to the first connecting rod 1221, and the hinge points are symmetrically distributed with the output shaft of the driving device 123 as the symmetry center, the two connecting rods will move at the same angle and speed. Subsequently, they transmit power to the lock tongue body 121 through their respective second ends, driving the lock tongue body 121 to perform telescopic movement along a predetermined trajectory. Since all the lock tongue bodies 121 are connected to the driving device 123 through a similar connecting rod mechanism, they can move synchronously to achieve synchronous locking or unlocking of the battery box.

[0049] Of course, in other embodiments, the transmission assembly 122 may also be configured as other types. For example, it may be configured such that the same gear drives two racks to move simultaneously, and the two racks respectively drive the two lock tongue bodies 121 to move.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the vehicle base 11 is configured as a square structure, and four first-stage guide columns 13 are configured, and are respectively disposed at four corner positions of the vehicle base 11;

[0051] Two locking tongue devices 12 are provided, and each locking tongue device 12 includes a pair of locking tongue bodies 121 , which are respectively arranged on a pair of adjacent first-stage guide pillars 13 , and the driving device 123 is arranged at the middle position of the pair of first-stage guide pillars 13 .

[0052] In this embodiment, the vehicle base 11 is designed as a square structure. This design is not only easy to manufacture and install, but also provides a stable support surface to ensure the stability of the battery box during driving. There are four first-level guide columns 13, which are respectively installed at the four corners of the vehicle base 11. This layout can maximize the use of the space of the vehicle base 11, while ensuring that the battery box can be fully guided and supported during the placement process. Each first-level guide column 13 is equipped with a guide bevel and a lock hole. The guide bevel is used to guide the battery box into place accurately, and the lock hole cooperates with the lock tongue body 121 to realize the locking function.

[0053] The locking tongue device 12 is provided with two, and each locking tongue device 12 comprises a pair of locking tongue bodies 121. Each pair of locking tongue bodies 121 is respectively arranged on a pair of adjacent first-level guide columns 13, ensuring that the battery box can be effectively locked at the four corner positions. The driving device 123 is arranged in the middle position of a pair of first-level guide columns 13. This layout is not only convenient for power transmission, but also can reduce energy loss in the transmission process. At the same time, the position of the driving device 123 is also convenient for maintenance and overhaul. The driving device 123 is connected to the locking tongue body 121 through the transmission assembly 122 to realize the transmission of power and the synchronous action of the locking tongue body 121.

[0054] In a further embodiment, the drive device 123 includes a motor, a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor. Among them, the motor, as a widely used drive device 123, has the advantages of high control accuracy, fast response speed, and easy integration into electronic control systems. The motor drive also has the advantages of low noise and simple maintenance, and is suitable for occasions with high requirements for noise and vibration control.

[0055] A hydraulic motor is a device that converts liquid pressure energy into mechanical energy, and has the advantages of large torque, smooth transmission, and strong overload resistance. In the battery box locking mechanism, the hydraulic motor can convert the high-pressure oil output by the hydraulic pump into the driving force of the lock tongue body 121 through the hydraulic transmission system to achieve a secure locking of the battery box. Hydraulic motor drive is particularly suitable for occasions that need to withstand large loads or frequent starts and stops, such as heavy electric vehicles or battery box fixation in industrial equipment.

[0056] Pneumatic motors use compressed air as a power source. Pneumatic motors have the advantages of simple structure, light weight, and easy maintenance. At the same time, compressed air as a power source also has certain safety and environmental protection. In the battery box locking mechanism, pneumatic motors are suitable for occasions with strict requirements on weight and volume, such as the aerospace field or lightweight electric vehicles.

[0057] In a further embodiment, the guiding slope of the first-stage guiding column 13 includes a first guiding slope 131 and a second guiding slope 132 , wherein the first guiding slope 131 is suitable for guiding the battery box to move along the first direction, and the second guiding slope 132 is suitable for guiding the battery box to move along the second direction.

[0058] A first guide bevel 131 and a second guide bevel 132 are provided on the first-level guide column 13. The first guide bevel 131 and the second guide bevel 132 guide the movement of the battery box in different directions respectively. This design enables a single guide column to undertake the guiding task in two directions, thereby reducing the number of required guide columns and simplifying the overall structure. The lock tongue device 12 is responsible for the locking and unlocking operations of the battery box. When the battery box reaches the correct position under the guidance of the guide bevel, the lock tongue device 12 completes the locking action to ensure the stability of the battery box. In this solution, the lock tongue device 12 is provided on the first-level guide column 13. The integrated design of the guiding and locking functions enables a single component to undertake multiple tasks, thereby improving the utilization rate of the components and the compactness of the overall system.

[0059] In a further embodiment, the battery box locking mechanism further comprises:

[0060] A second-stage guide column 14, the second-stage guide column 14 is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base 11, and the top end of the second-stage guide column 14 is arranged in a conical structure;

[0061] And / or, the electrical connector 15 is suitable for being electrically connected to the battery box, the electrical connector 15 is provided with a third-level guide structure, and the electrical connector 15 is arranged in the middle position of the vehicle-mounted base 11 .

[0062] The cross section of the second-stage guide column 14 can be set to a square or circular structure. The second-stage guide column 14 can be connected to the vehicle-mounted base 11 by welding or screwing, and the axial direction of the second-stage guide column 14 is parallel to the axial direction of the first-stage guide column 13, and the axial length of the second-stage guide column 14 can be shorter than the axial length of the first-stage guide column 13.

[0063] In this way, on the basis of the first-level guide column 13 providing a basic guide path for the battery box, the second-level guide column 14 can further refine the guiding process. In particular, when the battery box is close to the locking position, the second-level guide column 14 can provide more precise guidance to help the battery box enter the locking position accurately. The top of the second-level guide column 14 is set to a conical structure, which helps the battery box to achieve a smooth transition during movement. When the battery box contacts the top of the cone, its shape can guide the battery box to gradually adjust its direction, reduce sudden impact and vibration, and thus protect the battery box and the locking mechanism from damage. The second-level guide column 14 not only has a guiding function, but also can enhance the stability of the battery box in the locked state. When the battery box is fully in the locking position and locked by the lock tongue device 12, the second-level guide column 14 can serve as an additional support point to prevent the battery box from shaking or shifting during driving.

[0064] In a further embodiment, the second-level guide posts 14 are provided in plurality, and the plurality of second-level guide posts are divided into at least a first row and a second row, and the second-level guide posts in the first row are arranged in a staggered manner with the second-level guide posts in the second row. For example, the second-level guide posts 14 in the first row and the second-level guide posts 14 in the second row can both be provided in two, and the two second-level guide posts in the first row are arranged in a staggered manner with the two second-level guide posts in the second row, that is, an asymmetrical arrangement.

[0065] In this way, the second-level guide column 14 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of second-level guide columns 14 can play a technical effect of secondary guidance. Moreover, since the second-level guide columns 14 in the first row and the second-level guide columns 14 in the second row are arranged in a staggered manner, a fool-proof design is formed, that is, when the battery box is installed in the opposite direction, since the second-level guide column 14 plays a fool-proof function, during the battery box placement process, the second-level guide column 14 and the guide hole on the battery box cannot correspond, and then the battery box is restricted and cannot be completely placed on the vehicle base 11, avoiding the problem of the reverse connection of the battery box electrical connector and the vehicle electrical connector 15.

[0066] In a further embodiment, the battery box locking mechanism further includes an electrical connector 15 . The electrical connector 15 is suitable for being electrically connected to the battery box, and is provided with a third-level guide structure. The electrical connector 15 is disposed in the middle of the vehicle-mounted base 11 .

[0067] The electrical connector 15 can realize the connection between the battery box and the vehicle's high electricity and / or low electricity. The vehicle base 11 is provided with an electrical connector 15 for connecting to the electrical connector of the battery box. In this embodiment, the electrical connector 15 is provided with a third-level guide structure. The third-level guide structure can be set as a trumpet structure at the upper end of the electrical connector 15. When the electrical connector of the battery box is docked with the electrical connector 15 on the vehicle base 11, the third-level guide structure can play a further guiding role to ensure that the electrical connector of the battery box is completely aligned with the electrical connector 15 on the vehicle base 11 to ensure the stability of the electrical connection between the two.

[0068] The embodiment of the utility model also provides an electric vehicle, including the battery box locking mechanism described in any of the above embodiments. With such a configuration, the electric vehicle provided by this embodiment can solve the problem of the complex structure of the battery box locking mechanism. The derivation process of this beneficial effect is generally similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought about by the above battery box locking mechanism, and will not be repeated here.

[0069] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery box locking mechanism, characterized in that: include: A vehicle-mounted base (11), suitable for carrying a battery box; A lock tongue device (12) is suitable for locking or unlocking a battery box on the vehicle-mounted base (11), the lock tongue device (12) comprising a lock tongue body (121), a transmission assembly (122) and a drive device (123), the lock tongue body (121) being provided in plurality, the transmission assembly (122) comprising a power input part and at least two power output parts, the power input part being connected to the drive device (123), and the at least two power output parts being connected to at least two lock tongue bodies (121) in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the drive device (123) drives at least two lock tongue bodies (121) to switch synchronously between a locked position and an unlocked position through the transmission assembly (122).

2. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A first-stage guide column (13) is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base (11); the first-stage guide column (13) is provided with a guide slope suitable for guiding the movement of the battery box; and the lock tongue body (121) is arranged on the first-stage guide column (13).

3. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first-stage guide pillars (13) are arranged in plurality, and the first-stage guide pillars (13) are provided with locking holes; Each of the locking tongue devices (12) corresponds to a pair of the first-stage guide columns (13), and each of the locking tongue devices (12) comprises a pair of locking tongue bodies (121), the pair of locking tongue bodies (121) correspond to each other one by one and are telescopically arranged in the locking holes of the pair of the first-stage guide columns (13), and the power output part of each of the transmission components (122) is arranged in a pair and is correspondingly connected to the pair of locking tongue bodies (121).

4. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (122) comprises: A first connecting rod (1221) connected to an output shaft of the driving device (123); The first ends of the second connecting rod (1222) and the third connecting rod (1223) are respectively hinged to the first connecting rod (1221), and the hinge points of the second connecting rod (1222) and the first connecting rod (1221) are symmetrically distributed with the output shaft of the driving device (123) as the symmetry center, and the second ends of the second connecting rod (1222) and the third connecting rod (1223) are respectively hinged to a pair of the locking tongue bodies (121).

5. The battery box locking mechanism according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted base (11) is configured as a square structure, and the number of first-stage guide columns (13) is four and they are respectively arranged at four corner positions of the vehicle-mounted base (11); The locking tongue devices (12) are provided in two numbers, and each of the locking tongue devices (12) comprises a pair of locking tongue bodies (121), the pair of locking tongue bodies (121) are respectively provided on a pair of adjacent first-stage guide columns (13), and the driving device (123) is provided at a middle position of the pair of first-stage guide columns (13).

6. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device (123) comprises an electric motor, a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor.

7. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guiding slope of the first-stage guiding column (13) comprises a first guiding slope (131) and a second guiding slope (132), wherein the first guiding slope (131) is suitable for guiding the battery box to move along a first direction, and the second guiding slope (132) is suitable for guiding the battery box to move along a second direction.

8. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A second-stage guide column (14) is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base (11), and the top end of the second-stage guide column (14) is arranged as a conical structure; And / or an electrical connector (15), suitable for being electrically connected to the battery box, the electrical connector (15) being provided with a third-level guiding structure, and the electrical connector (15) being arranged at a middle position of the vehicle-mounted base (11).

9. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second-stage guide columns (14) are arranged in plurality, and the plurality of second-stage guide columns (14) are divided into at least a first row and a second row, and the second-stage guide columns (14) in the first row are arranged in a staggered manner with the second-stage guide columns (14) in the second row.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: Including the battery box locking mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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