Real-time monitoring structure for swing of collector ring of generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a real-time monitoring structure for the swing of a collector ring of a generator, which comprises the collector ring, the front end of a carbon brush is contacted with the surface of the collector ring, and a displacement sensor is arranged at the position corresponding to the carbon brush to monitor the distance change of back-and-forth movement of the carbon brush in real time when the collector ring rotates; the displacement sensor transmits data of the front-back reciprocating motion numerical value of the carbon brush to the controller in a wired or wireless transmission mode, and the value of the throw of the collecting ring can be obtained through processing of an internal program. According to the utility model, through the wriggle of the carbon brush which does not rotate along with the collector ring, the back-and-forth reciprocating small-size movement of the carbon brush is converted into the swing of the collector ring, and then the swing is converted into a throw value through processing, so that the real-time rotation throw value of the collector ring is obtained. According to the utility model, the displacement sensor is adopted, an expensive throw sensor with large performance fluctuation is not needed, and the operation cost of the generator set is reduced. Whether the generator set is normal or not is pre-judged through the swing condition of the collector ring, and safe operation of the generator set is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an auxiliary structure of a collector ring of a hydraulic or thermal power generator set, in particular to a real-time monitoring structure for the swing of a collector ring of a generator. Background Art

[0002] For a hydroelectric generator set, the main shaft drives the collector ring to rotate synchronously during the operation and rotation of the generator set, and the collector ring forms a conductive path through the carbon brushes in contact with it; however, due to the influence of factors such as manufacturing and installation accuracy, and the wear of the unit components during operation, the collector ring will swing during the operation of the unit, and the swing at a certain moment will be significantly larger, which will affect the safe operation of the unit. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the swing of the collector ring in real time.

[0003] In the prior art, the monitoring of the collector ring is usually carried out by using a swing measuring sensor, such as the "Device and method for online adjustment and replacement of the swing sensor of a turbine unit" disclosed in CN113530741A, with application number 202110631258.1, and the device includes a fixed plate, an adjustment mechanism, a bracket, a mounting rod and a swing sensor; the bushings of the adjustment mechanism are located at both ends of the conduit of the fixed plate and cooperate with it, the guide rod cooperates with the bushing, the bracket cooperates with the guide rod and is limited by the conduit, and the mounting rod is connected to the bracket and the swing sensor; the guide rod rotates to drive the bracket to drive the swing sensor to move axially along the conduit; during installation, the sensing end of the swing sensor is radially toward the main shaft (main shaft) of the generator, and the swing sensor is electrically connected to the online monitoring system of the unit to form a detection network system. When the swing sensor fails and becomes unavailable and needs to be replaced: While the unit is running, loosen the locking screw, apply knob force to the adjusting knob, drive the guide rod to rotate and drive the bracket away from the main shaft, so that the distance between the swing sensor and the main shaft is within a safe distance range, remove the faulty swing sensor, and replace it with a new one. The unit does not need to be shut down during replacement.

[0004] The existing swing sensor, also known as tilt sensor or inclination sensor, works on the principle of gravity and vibration characteristics. It is usually composed of multiple sensors such as acceleration sensor and angle sensor. It uses the fault characteristics of rotating machinery vibration to process the sensor signal, generate the waveform and spectrum of the vibration signal and analyze its characteristic value to realize automatic monitoring and fault diagnosis of rotating machinery faults. Therefore, it can be directly used to measure the swing of the generator shaft during rotation. However, for the collector ring that rotates synchronously with the generator shaft, its measurement accuracy is low, and it is difficult to accurately measure the real-time swing generated by the collector ring during rotation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to provide a real-time monitoring structure for the swing of the generator collector ring, so as to accurately measure or respond to the real-time swing generated when the collector ring rotates, and whether the unit is operating safely cannot be predicted by the swing of the collector ring during rotation.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A real-time monitoring structure for the swing of a generator collector ring comprises a collector ring, wherein the front end of a carbon brush arranged in a brush box contacts the surface of the collector ring to form a conductive structure; the structure is characterized in that a displacement sensor is arranged at a position corresponding to the carbon brush, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor in real time the change in the distance of the carbon brush moving back and forth when the collector ring rotates; the displacement sensor transmits the data of the numerical value of the back and forth movement of the carbon brush to a controller by wired or wireless transmission, and the numerical value of the collector ring swing can be obtained after being processed by an internal program.

[0008] In this way, the invention converts the creep of the carbon brushes that do not rotate with the collector ring (the carbon brushes are arranged along the radial direction of the generator shaft and move back and forth in a small size in the radial direction of the generator shaft) into the swing of the collector ring, and then into the swing value; the real-time swing value of the collector ring rotation is obtained after processing the small-scale movement value of the carbon brushes moving back and forth in the radial direction of the generator shaft measured by the displacement sensor. The utility model adopts a displacement sensor, does not need an expensive swing sensor with large performance fluctuations, and reduces the operating cost of the generator set.

[0009] Furthermore, the displacement sensor is arranged at the tail of the carbon brush, so as to facilitate the installation and layout of the overall structure.

[0010] Further, the displacement sensor is connected via a transmission line controller.

[0011] Furthermore, the measuring front end of the displacement sensor is fastened to the insulating stopper at the tail of the carbon brush, which facilitates the installation and layout of the displacement sensor.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a display device electrically connected to the output end of the controller.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes an alarm device electrically connected to the output end of the controller.

[0014] The analog quantity collected by the displacement sensor is input into the PLC configured in the generator, and the actual swing value is obtained through digital-to-analog conversion, and all the collected swing values ​​are stored in register VD0; register VD4 is used to store the maximum swing value. When VD0 is greater than VD4, the data in VD0 is transferred to VD4. After collecting a cycle, the value in VD4 is the maximum swing value in the cycle; register VD8 is used to store the minimum value. When VD0 is less than VD8, the data in VD0 is transferred to VD8. After collecting a cycle, the value in VD8 is the minimum swing value in the cycle; the value in VD4 minus the value in VD8 is the difference between the maximum swing value and the minimum swing value in the cycle. In this way, the difference between the maximum swing value and the minimum swing value in a cycle can be accurately obtained.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the generator collector ring swing real-time monitoring structure obtained by the utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The utility model converts the creep of the carbon brush that does not rotate with the collector ring (the carbon brushes are arranged along the radial direction of the generator shaft and move back and forth in a small size in the radial direction of the generator shaft) into the swing of the collector ring, and then into the swing value; the real-time swing value of the collector ring rotation is obtained after processing the small-size movement value of the carbon brush in the radial direction of the generator shaft measured by the displacement sensor. The utility model can also obtain the difference between the maximum swing value and the minimum swing value in a cycle by subtracting the value in VD8 from the value in VD4. In this way, the difference between the maximum swing value and the minimum swing value in a cycle can be accurately obtained.

[0017] 2. The utility model adopts a displacement sensor to measure the displacement of the carbon brush, and does not require an expensive swing sensor with large performance fluctuations, thereby reducing the operating cost of the generator set.

[0018] 3. The displacement sensor used in the utility model is very convenient to install and replace, and can be replaced and repaired without stopping the generator set, which can avoid shutdown of the generator set caused by faults such as sensors.

[0019] 4. The utility model accurately reflects the swing of the collector ring according to the small-size reciprocating movement value of the carbon brush in the radial direction of the generator shaft, and predicts whether the unit is normal through the swing of the collector ring during rotation, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the generator set. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the real-time monitoring structure of the generator collector ring swing of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the contact between the collector ring and the carbon brush;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of data collection and processing of the utility model displacement sensor;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the fluctuation curve of the reciprocating stroke of the carbon brush.

[0024] In the figure: 1-spindle, 2-collector ring, 3-conductive ring, 4-brush box, 5-carbon brush, 6-displacement sensor, 7-transmission line, 8-controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiment of the utility model generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiment of the utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiment of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In the description of the utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the invention product is usually placed when used, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", etc. do not mean that the components are absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] The generator collector ring swing real-time monitoring structure provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the generator is arranged in cooperation with the generator, the generator includes a main shaft 1, a collector ring 2, a conductive ring 3, a brush box 4 and a carbon brush 5, the collector ring 2 rotates with the main shaft 1, the front end of the carbon brush 5 arranged in the brush box 4 contacts the surface of the collector ring 2, forming a conductive structure; the rear end of the carbon brush 5 is connected to the conductive ring 3, or is connected through the brush braid arranged between the conductive ring 3 and the carbon brush 5. The above is a structure of the prior art and is not further described here.

[0029] In the real-time monitoring structure for the swing of the collector ring of the generator of the present invention, a displacement sensor 6 is arranged corresponding to the position of the carbon brush 5, and the displacement sensor 6 is used to monitor in real time the change in the distance of the carbon brush 5 following the collector ring 2 to move back and forth when the main shaft 1 of the generator rotates, that is, the main shaft 1 of the generator drives the collector ring 2 to rotate, and the front end of the carbon brush 5 keeps in contact with the collector ring 2 under a certain pressure, and the carbon brush 5 will follow the collector ring 2 to reciprocate in the radial direction of the main shaft 1; because the front end of the carbon brush 5 is in contact with the surface of the collector ring 2, when the collector ring 2 swings during the rotation process, it will directly act on the front end of the carbon brush 5, so that the carbon brush 5 will reciprocate back and forth in the radial direction of the main shaft 1. The distance of this reciprocating movement is sometimes relatively small, but as long as the accuracy of the displacement sensor 6 can meet the process requirements of the measurement, the distance of this reciprocating movement (such as Figure 4 As shown); the displacement sensor 6 can adopt a sensor of the prior art, such as a laser sensor. The displacement sensor 6 transmits the data of the reciprocating distance of the carbon brush 5 to the controller 8 by wired or wireless transmission. After being processed by the internal program (software), the specific value of the swing of the collector ring 2 can be obtained. As shown in the figure, the displacement sensor 6 is connected to the controller 8 through a transmission line 7, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the controller 8 by wired connection. The displacement sensor 6 can be set at the tail of the carbon brush 5, or the adjacent area of ​​the tail, so that the reciprocating distance of the carbon brush 5 can be reflected by the position change of the tail of the carbon brush 5. The installation structure of a specific embodiment of the displacement sensor 6 of the utility model: the measuring front end of the displacement sensor 6 is fastened (closely contacted, fixed) to the insulating block at the tail of the carbon brush 5. The insulating block can produce an insulating effect and avoid the generation of sparks, static electricity, etc. The measuring front end of the displacement sensor 6 reciprocates with the carbon brush 5, and the measuring rear end is fixed to read the movement value of the measuring front end; because the carbon brush 5 is in close contact with the collector ring 2, the swing of the collector ring 2 during rotation can be transmitted to the carbon brush 5, which can be reflected by the forward and backward movement (creep) of the carbon brush 5, and the displacement sensor 6 monitors the reciprocating motion of the carbon brush 5.

[0030] A display device may also be provided, electrically connected to the output end of the controller 8, to display the swing value of the collector ring 2 for easy observation by the operator. An alarm device may also be provided, electrically connected to the output end of the controller 8, and if the value obtained after processing by the controller 8 exceeds the set value, the value is input into the alarm device, generating a preset alarm signal to alert the operator or manager.

[0031] like Figure 3In the present invention, the displacement sensor 6 can monitor the movement of the carbon brush 5 in real time, input the analog quantity collected by the displacement sensor 6 into the PLC configured in the generator, obtain the actual swing value (i.e. the swing value displayed by the displacement value) through digital-to-analog conversion, and store all the collected swing values ​​in register VD0. Register VD4 is used to store the maximum swing value. When VD0 is greater than VD4, the data in VD0 is transferred to VD4. After collecting a cycle, the value in VD4 is the maximum swing value in the cycle; register VD8 is used to store the minimum value. When VD0 is less than VD8, the data in VD0 is transferred to VD8. After collecting a cycle, the value in VD8 is the minimum swing value in the cycle. The difference between the maximum swing value and the minimum swing value in the cycle is obtained by subtracting the value in VD8 from the value in VD4. After processing, the swing of the collector ring 2 can be displayed in the form of data. In this way, the maximum swing value and the minimum swing value of the slip ring 2 can be determined, and the difference between the maximum swing value and the minimum swing value in one cycle can also be calculated.

[0032] The utility model does not adopt a conventional swing sensor, but a displacement sensor, which monitors the position change of the carbon brush 5 through the displacement sensor, and reflects the reciprocating movement distance of the carbon brush 5 through the position change. The reciprocating movement distance is then processed into the swing of the collector ring 2 in contact with the carbon brush 5. The working condition of the generator set is judged by the swing value of the collector ring 2 to ensure the normal and safe operation of the generator set.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit the technical solution. Although the applicant has described the utility model in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that those modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solution of the utility model without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring structure for the swing of a generator collector ring, comprising a collector ring (2), a front end of a carbon brush (5) arranged in a brush box (4) in contact with a surface of the collector ring (2) to form a conductive structure; characterized in that: A displacement sensor (6) is provided at a position corresponding to the carbon brush (5), and the displacement sensor (6) is used to monitor in real time the change in the distance that the carbon brush (5) moves forward and backward when the collector ring (2) rotates; the displacement sensor (6) transmits data on the distance that the carbon brush (5) moves forward and backward to a PLC of a controller (8) by wired or wireless transmission, and obtains a numerical value of the swing of the collector ring (2) through digital-to-analog conversion processing.

2. The real-time monitoring structure for the swing of the generator collector ring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The displacement sensor (6) is arranged at the tail of the carbon brush (5).

3. The real-time monitoring structure for the generator collector ring swing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The measuring front end of the displacement sensor (6) is fastened to an insulating stopper at the tail of the carbon brush (5).

4. The real-time monitoring structure for the generator collector ring swing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The displacement sensor (6) is connected to the controller (8) via a transmission line (7).

5. The real-time monitoring structure for the swing of the generator collector ring according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a display device, which is electrically connected to the output end of the controller (8).

6. The real-time monitoring structure for the swing of the generator collector ring according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes an alarm device, which is electrically connected to the output end of the controller (8).

7. The real-time monitoring structure for the swing of the generator collector ring according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Register VD4 is used to store the maximum swing value, and register VD8 is used to store the minimum swing value; the difference between the maximum swing value and the minimum swing value within the cycle is obtained by subtracting the value in VD8 from the value in VD4.

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