Detection device and tower crane
By installing angle sensors and data processing components on the tower crane, combined with the initial measurement of the theodolite, the problems of low verticality detection accuracy and complex operation in the prior art tower crane body are solved, and fast and accurate detection efficiency is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421905982.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-07
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, when the theodolite is used to detect the vertical deviation of the tower crane body, the measurement accuracy is poor, the workload is large, the time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the use is not convenient enough, and there are defects such as low detection efficiency and insufficient accuracy.
A detection device is designed, including an angle sensor, a theodolite and a data processing component. The angle sensor is assembled on the tower crane to measure the tower body deflection angle. The theodolite collects data for the first time. The data processing component processes the data of the angle sensor and theodolite, and calculates the verticality deviation value of the tower crane.
By directly reading the reading of the angle sensor and calculating it in the data processing components, the vertical deviation value of the tower crane body is quickly calculated, which simplifies the operation process, reduces operation difficulty, improves detection efficiency, and reduces dependence on the theodolite.
Smart Images
Figure CN222865941U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tower cranes, in particular to a detection device and a tower crane. Background Art
[0002] Tower cranes are a major source of danger at construction sites. They are tall and bulky, so the safety of tower crane installation is very important. After the tower crane is installed, the verticality of the tower body is an important parameter, which is of great significance to the safe operation of the tower crane. The verticality of the tower crane body needs to be controlled within the standard range not only during the installation and lifting of the tower crane, but also needs to be reviewed after the operation. It is also a must-measure item during monthly inspection and maintenance. Sometimes, measurements and calculations are required from time to time to determine whether there is uneven settlement of the tower crane foundation. The currently commonly used method to detect the deviation value of the verticality of the tower crane body is to set up a theodolite, measure the tower crane body in at least two directions, and then calculate the deviation value of the verticality of the tower crane body.
[0003] However, the theodolite needs to be aligned with the tower crane for measurement from a long distance. The theodolite needs to be moved a long distance for each measurement, and the operation and adjustment steps are numerous. It is greatly affected by environmental interference factors, the workload is large, and it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, the debugging requirements of the theodolite are high. Therefore, it is inconvenient to use and has defects such as low detection efficiency and insufficient accuracy.
[0004] Therefore, the existing technology needs to be improved and developed. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a detection device and a tower crane to solve the technical problems of the existing theodolite, such as poor measurement accuracy, heavy workload, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and inconvenient use.
[0006] The technical solutions adopted by the utility model to solve the above problems are as follows:
[0007] A detection device is used to detect the verticality deviation value of a tower crane body; wherein the detection device comprises:
[0008] An angle sensor, used for being assembled on the tower crane to measure the deflection angle of the tower body;
[0009] Theodolite is used to collect the vertical deviation value of the tower crane for the first time;
[0010] The data processing component is connected to the angle sensor for processing the detection data transmitted by the angle sensor, inputting and processing the detection data collected by the theodolite, and calculating the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body.
[0011] Optionally, the accuracy of the angle sensor is greater than or equal to five percent.
[0012] Optionally, an adhesive layer is provided on the angle sensor, and the adhesive layer is used to be bonded to a horizontal structural member of the tower crane.
[0013] Optionally, the detection device further comprises an alarm component, and the alarm component is communicatively connected to the data processing component.
[0014] Optionally, the alarm component includes any one of an antenna transmitter, a buzzer, and an indicator light.
[0015] Optionally, the detection device also includes a display component electrically connected to the data processing component, the display component is provided with a display screen and a pointer, the display screen is symmetrically provided with positive scale lines and negative scale lines; the pointer at least partially extends above the display screen and can swing back and forth between the positive scale lines and the negative scale lines.
[0016] Optionally, the detection device further includes an adjustment component, wherein the adjustment component is connected to the angle sensor and is used to zero the angle sensor.
[0017] Optionally, the detection device further includes a wireless signal transmitting component, and the wireless signal transmitting component is electrically connected to the data processing module.
[0018] Optionally, the detection device further comprises a shell, the shell is hollow to form a receiving cavity, and the angle sensor and the data processing component are both arranged in the shell.
[0019] The present application also discloses a tower crane, which comprises any detection device as described above.
[0020] In summary, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0021] When the detection device disclosed by the utility model is used, the angle sensor is assembled to the horizontal structural member of the tower crane, and the deflection angle of the tower crane body is detected by the angle sensor. Before the detection, the deflection angle of the tower body equipped with the angle sensor is collected by the theodolite, and the data collected by the theodolite is compared with the reading of the angle sensor in the data processing component, so as to calculate the reading error generated during the assembly process of the angle sensor, so as to eliminate the influence of this part of the error in the subsequent detection process and improve the accuracy of the subsequent detection. In the detection process, the reading of the angle sensor is directly read, and then the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body can be quickly calculated by the data processing component, which simplifies the operation process, reduces the difficulty of operation, and is conducive to improving the detection efficiency.
[0022] After the angle sensor is installed, it is integrated with the tower crane, so there is no need to use the theodolite for correction in subsequent use. This is conducive to rapid multiple continuous detections and is convenient for long-term use and use in different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0024] Figure 1 Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of the position of the theodolite of the present invention set up along the YY direction, and Figure (b) is a schematic diagram of the position of the theodolite of the present invention set up along the XX direction;
[0025] Figure 2 Figure (a) is a simplified structural diagram of the tower crane of the utility model when the tower body is offset, and Figure (b) is a local geometric relationship diagram of the tower crane of the utility model when the tower body is offset;
[0026] Figure 3 It is a geometric relationship diagram when the tower crane tower body is offset in the utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection device in the utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the correction constant, the first reference deviation angle and the first tower body deviation angle in four different situations in the utility model.
[0029] Among them: 10, angle sensor; 11, adhesive layer; 30, data processing component; 40, alarm component; 50, display component; 60, adjustment component; 70, wireless signal transmitting component; 80, shell; 100, tower crane body; 200, balance arm; 300, lifting arm; 400, theodolite. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0031] Traditional tower cranes mainly include tower crane body, boom, balance arm, counterweight, slewing mechanism, luffing trolley, hook and other parts. The tower body includes an independent tower body fixed on the ground and a tower body attached to the building. Several Z-shaped structural beams are arranged on the tower body to increase the structural strength of the tower body and ensure safety. The boom and balance arm are built perpendicular to the tower body, and the slewing mechanism drives the boom and balance arm to rotate around the tower body to achieve the effect of moving the load. The balance arm is equipped with a counterweight, the boom is equipped with a luffing trolley, the luffing trolley is equipped with a hook, and the hook can lift the load.
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, when observing the tower crane from a bird's-eye view, the tower crane body 100 is located between the balance arm 200 and the lifting arm 300. The conventional method for detecting the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body generally adopts the following measures: Figure 1 As shown in FIG. (b), the tower crane balance arm 200 is first rotated to the XX direction. At this time, the theodolite 400 is set up in the XX direction, and the measured deviation of the tower crane body 100 is read. After obtaining the readings, the deviation value of the verticality deviation of the tower body along the YY direction and the specific deflection direction are calculated; Figure 1 As shown in Figure (a), the tower crane balance arm 200 is rotated to the YY direction. At this time, the theodolite 400 is set up in the YY direction, and the measured deviation of the tower crane body 100 is read. After obtaining the readings, the deviation value of the verticality deviation of the tower body in the XX direction and the specific deflection direction are calculated. Finally, the Pythagorean theorem and vector principle are used to bring the deviation values of the verticality deviation of the tower body in the two directions into the formula to calculate the actual verticality deviation value and deflection direction of the tower crane body 100 in three-dimensional space.
[0033] By setting up a theodolite, the tower crane body 100 is measured in two directions before daily safety inspections and tower crane attachment operations. After recording the verticality deviation values and deflection directions of the tower body in two mutually perpendicular directions, the verticality deviation of the tower crane body 100 is calculated. This detection method has many operation steps. In actual work, the operator needs to carry the theodolite to move over a large range and constantly adjust the position to find the detection angle. The detection takes a long time, is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and is therefore inefficient.
[0034] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the structure of the tower crane body 100 is analyzed, and the bottom center point of the foundation section of the tower crane body 100 in an independent state is regarded as the circle center point O, or the center point of the highest attachment device in an attached state is regarded as the circle center point O; the height of the tower body above the circle center point O is regarded as the tower body height, which is recorded as the radius H of the circle, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown in Figure (a) in . On this basis, Figure 2 Figure (b) and Figure 3As shown in the figure, when there is a verticality deviation of the tower crane, it can be regarded that the radius H of the circle is deflected with the center point O as the center. Assuming the deflection angle is θ, according to the definition of the verticality of the tower crane, the verticality deviation value of the tower crane satisfies the following relationship (1):
[0035] M=a / H=sinθ........................(1)
[0036] Wherein, M is the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body; a is the vertical distance from the top of the deflected tower axis to the axis of the tower body in an absolutely vertical state.
[0037] It can be seen that in the process of detecting the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body, as long as the actual deflection angle θ of the tower body is measured, the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body can be obtained.
[0038] See also Figure 4 In one embodiment of the utility model, a detection device is disclosed for detecting the verticality deviation value of a tower crane body; wherein the detection device comprises an angle sensor 10, a theodolite 400 and a data processing component 30, wherein the angle sensor 10 is used to be assembled on the tower crane to measure the deflection angle of the tower body; the data processing component 30 is communicatively connected with the angle sensor 10, and is used to process the detection data collected by the angle sensor 10 and the theodolite 400, and calculate the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body.
[0039] When the detection device disclosed in the utility model is used, the angle sensor 10 is assembled to the horizontal structural member of the tower crane, and the deflection angle of the tower crane body 100 is detected by the angle sensor 10. The angle sensor 10 disclosed in this embodiment refers to a sensor that can sense the measured angle and convert it into a usable output signal, including but not limited to a magnetic angle sensor or an inclination sensor. The angle sensor 10 can output signals of different intensities according to the change of its position in a certain plane, and the plane is the measurement plane of the angle sensor 10.
[0040] Before the test, the deflection angle of the tower body equipped with the angle sensor 10 is collected by the theodolite 400, and the data collected by the theodolite 400 is compared with the reading of the angle sensor 10 in the data processing component 30, so as to calculate the reading error generated during the assembly process of the angle sensor 10, so as to eliminate the influence of this part of the error in the subsequent test process and improve the accuracy of the subsequent test. Preferably, the measuring surface of the angle sensor 10 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the balance arm of the tower crane, so that the verticality deviation angle of the tower body in the vertical direction of the balance arm of the tower crane is directly measured during the measurement, without the influence of various additional bending moments in the direction of the balance arm of the tower crane, and the measurement result is more accurate.
[0041] Specifically, the angle sensor 10 cannot be guaranteed to have its measuring surface absolutely horizontal when it leaves the factory. In this case, it is preferred to have an angle sensor 10 that has been calibrated before leaving the factory. However, even after calibration, the angle sensor 10 cannot be guaranteed to be in a horizontal state when assembled to the tower crane. There will be certain assembly errors anyway. Therefore, it is necessary to calibrate the angle sensor 10 before formal testing.
[0042] Keep the crane stationary during calibration. Preferably, turn the crane to Figure 1 The XX direction or YY direction in the figure can reduce the influence of the additional bending moment of the tower crane. The traditional measurement method is used to detect the real deviation angle of the tower crane at this time, that is, the first tower body deviation angle, with the theodolite 400; at the same time, the reading of the angle sensor 10 at this time, that is, the first reference deviation angle, can be read out, and the correction constant can be calculated by using the two to eliminate the adverse effects caused by the non-levelness of the angle sensor 10 and improve the accuracy of the detection result.
[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, as another implementation of this embodiment, it is disclosed that the correction constant satisfies the following relationship (2):
[0044] θ1=θ n -θ2........................ (2)
[0045] Wherein, θ1 is the correction constant; θ n is the first reference deviation angle; θ2 is the first tower body deviation angle.
[0046] When the angle sensor 10 is not assembled horizontally, the deviation angle itself is the correction constant, and the reading of the angle sensor 10 is the combined result of the deflection angle of the tower body and the deflection angle of the angle sensor 10, which includes four situations, such as Figure 5 The dotted line is the horizontal line. The deviation angle above the horizontal line is the angle offset in the counterclockwise direction, which is recorded as a negative value. The deviation angle below the horizontal line is the angle offset in the clockwise direction, which is recorded as a positive value. Figure 5 From top to bottom:
[0047] 1. During the test, the deviation direction of the angle sensor caused by the assembly error is the same as the actual deviation direction of the tower body, and both are clockwise;
[0048] 2. During the test, the angle sensor deviates in the clockwise direction due to the error caused by assembly, but the tower body actually deviates in the counterclockwise direction;
[0049] 3. During the test, the deviation direction of the angle sensor caused by the assembly error is the same as the actual deviation direction of the tower body, and both are deviated in the counterclockwise direction;
[0050] 4. During the test, the angle sensor is offset in the counterclockwise direction due to the error caused by assembly, but the tower body actually deviates in the clockwise direction.
[0051] It can be seen that in either case, the above equation (2) is satisfied, and the correction constant can be accurately calculated through equation (2).
[0052] Therefore, by calculating the first reference deviation angle and the first tower body deviation angle, the deviation angle caused by the assembly of the angle sensor 10 can be reversely calculated. It can be seen that by accurately calculating the correction constant of the angle sensor 10, the unavoidable errors caused by the assembly process can be accurately eliminated, and the accuracy of the detection result of the verticality deviation value of the tower crane tower body can be further improved.
[0053] During the detection process, the reading of the angle sensor 10 is directly read, and then the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body can be quickly calculated through calculation by the data processing component 30, which simplifies the operation process, reduces the difficulty of operation, and is conducive to improving the detection efficiency. Specifically, during the rotation of the tower crane, the reading of the angle sensor 10 is the real-time reference deviation angle, which satisfies the following relationship (3):
[0054] M n = sin|θ an -θ1|............................. (3)
[0055] Among them, M n is the actual verticality deviation value; θ an is the real-time reference deviation angle.
[0056] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the relationship between the deflection angle of the tower body and the verticality deviation value of the tower crane can be determined by the Pythagorean theorem, so during the detection process, the verticality deviation value of the tower body can be quickly calculated by combining the reading of the angle sensor 10 with the correction constant, thereby improving the detection efficiency.
[0057] In addition, in this embodiment, the angle sensor 10 is connected to the tower crane after installation, so there is no need to use the theodolite 400 for correction in subsequent use, which is conducive to rapid multiple continuous detections and convenient for long-term use and use in different working conditions.
[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to reduce the influence of the additional bending moment of the tower crane when the angle sensor 10 measures the deflection angle of the tower body, it is preferred that the measuring surface of the angle sensor 10 is arranged perpendicular to the direction of the balance arm. In this way, the deflection angle measured by the angle sensor 10 is the deflection angle in the direction perpendicular to the balance arm, thereby greatly eliminating the error in the verticality detection of the tower body caused by the additional bending moment during tower crane operation.
[0059] Specifically, as an implementation of this embodiment, the accuracy of the angle sensor 10 is disclosed to be greater than or equal to 5%. The detection device disclosed in this embodiment is used to detect the verticality deviation value of the tower crane tower body. This value is generally very small, generally not exceeding 4‰, so the use of a high-precision angle sensor 10 is conducive to improving the sensitivity of the reading, further improving the accuracy of the detection result, and increasing the reliability of the detection device. Specifically, the accuracy of the angle sensor 10 is preferably one thousandth to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the reading.
[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, as another implementation of this embodiment, it is disclosed that the angle sensor 10 is provided with an adhesive layer 11, and the adhesive layer 11 is used to bond to the horizontal structural member of the tower crane. In this embodiment, the connection is made by bonding, which has the effect of simple operation and firm connection. The specific adhesive layer 11 includes but is not limited to any one of an epoxy resin adhesive layer, a latex adhesive layer, and a rubber adhesive layer.
[0061] It should be noted that this embodiment only illustrates that the angle sensor 10 and the tower crane can be bonded, which is not an exhaustive list. The angle sensor 10 can also be connected to the tower crane by welding, screwing, etc., which are equivalent alternative technical means and should also be within the scope of protection of this application.
[0062] For example Figure 4 As shown, as another implementation of this embodiment, it is disclosed that the detection device also includes an alarm component 40, and the alarm component 40 is communicatively connected with the data processing component 30. After the data processing component 30 disclosed in this embodiment calculates the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body, it can immediately determine whether it exceeds 4‰ of the industry standard. If it exceeds this critical point, a signal is quickly sent to the alarm component 40 to quickly feedback and give prompts to operators or managers to avoid safety problems.
[0063] Specifically, as another implementation of this embodiment, it is disclosed that the alarm component 40 includes any one of an antenna transmitter, a buzzer, and an indicator light. When the alarm component 40 is set as an antenna transmitter, once an alarm signal is generated, an alarm message can be directly sent to a mobile terminal of an operator or a security personnel to play an alarm role; when the alarm component 40 is set as a buzzer, the verticality deviation value of the tower crane can be intuitively fed back through the timing of the sound; when the alarm component 40 is set as an indicator light, a warning can be issued through a visual signal, so that the operator or security personnel can quickly grasp the real-time status of the tower crane.
[0064] For example Figure 4 As shown, as another implementation of this embodiment, it is disclosed that the detection device also includes a display component 50 electrically connected to the data processing component 30, and the display component 50 is provided with a display screen and a pointer, and the display screen is symmetrically provided with positive scale lines and negative scale lines; the pointer at least partially extends above the display screen and can swing back and forth between the positive scale lines and the negative scale lines.
[0065] In this embodiment, the display component 50 is provided to intuitively express the detection signal of the angle sensor 10 through a pointer, so as to facilitate intuitive feedback of information and facilitate the operator to make a quick judgment. In addition, since the deflection of the tower body not only needs to consider the offset, but also the offset direction, setting the scale lines on the display screen to positive and negative values is conducive to quickly distinguishing the deflection direction, so that the operator can intuitively grasp the vector information of the tower body.
[0066] For example Figure 4 As shown, as another implementation of this embodiment, it is disclosed that the detection device further includes an adjustment component 60, and the adjustment component 60 is connected to the angle sensor 10 and is used to zero the angle sensor 10.
[0067] Since the angle sensor 10 disclosed in this embodiment will inevitably tilt during assembly, it is necessary to record the correction constant caused by the error. However, the error can also be ignored by zeroing, so that the verticality deviation value of the tower crane can be directly determined by the reading of the angle sensor 10 in the future, eliminating the trouble of substituting the correction constant for calculation, thereby further improving the working efficiency of the detection device.
[0068] For example Figure 4 As shown, as another implementation of this embodiment, it is disclosed that the detection device also includes a wireless signal transmitting component 70, and the wireless signal transmitting component 70 is electrically connected to the data processing module.
[0069] The data processing component 30 disclosed in this embodiment includes but is not limited to electronic devices with data processing functions such as computers, tablets, and integrated motherboards. The verticality deviation value of the tower crane tower body obtained by the data processing component 30 can be quickly transmitted to the cloud through the wireless signal transmitting component 70, so that operators or remote security personnel can quickly obtain data and monitor the safety of the tower crane working condition.
[0070] For example Figure 4 As shown, as another implementation of this embodiment, it is disclosed that the detection device also includes a shell 80, the shell 80 is hollow to form a receiving cavity, and the angle sensor 10 and the data processing component 30 are both arranged in the shell 80.
[0071] In this embodiment, the angle sensor 10 and the data processing component 30 are assembled in the housing 80, which is convenient for integrated assembly to the tower crane, thereby maintaining structural stability and improving the stability of signal transmission.
[0072] As another embodiment of the present application, a tower crane is also disclosed, which includes any detection device as described above.
[0073] The tower crane disclosed in this embodiment uses the detection device disclosed above to quickly detect the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body, so as to make timely corrections and improve safety during the working process.
[0074] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.
[0075] It should be noted that the present invention takes the tower crane verticality detection device as an example to introduce the specific structure and working principle of the present invention, but the application of this embodiment is not limited to the tower crane verticality detection device, and can also be applied to the production and use of other similar workpieces.
[0076] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.
[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A detection device for detecting the verticality deviation value of a tower crane; characterized in that: The detection device comprises: An angle sensor, used for being assembled on the tower crane to measure the deflection angle of the tower body; Theodolite is used to collect the vertical deviation value of the tower crane for the first time; The data processing component is connected to the angle sensor for processing the detection data transmitted by the angle sensor, inputting and processing the detection data collected by the theodolite, and calculating the verticality deviation value of the tower crane body.
2. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accuracy of the angle sensor is higher than or equal to five percent.
3. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adhesive layer is provided on the angle sensor, and the adhesive layer is used to be bonded to the horizontal structural member of the tower crane.
4. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device also includes an alarm component, and the alarm component is communicatively connected with the data processing component.
5. The detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The alarm component includes any one of an antenna transmitter, a buzzer, and an indicator light.
6. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device also includes a display component electrically connected to the data processing component, the display component is provided with a display screen and a pointer, the display screen is symmetrically provided with positive scale lines and negative scale lines; the pointer at least partially extends above the display screen and can swing back and forth between the positive scale lines and the negative scale lines.
7. The detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection device further comprises an adjusting component, which is connected to the angle sensor and is used for zeroing the angle sensor.
8. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device also includes a wireless signal transmitting component, and the wireless signal transmitting component is electrically connected to the data processing component.
9. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device further comprises a shell, the shell is hollow to form a receiving cavity, and the angle sensor and the data processing component are both arranged in the shell.
10. A tower crane, characterized in that: Comprising a detection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.