Lung mold capable of training placement of tracheal stent

Abstract

The utility model relates to a lung mould capable of training tracheal stent implantation, which comprises a mould lung, and a main trachea, a main bronchus, a lung lobe bronchus and a lung segment bronchus which are connected in sequence, at least one of the main trachea, the main bronchus, the lung lobe bronchus and the lung segment bronchus is provided with a simulation trachea, a simulation airway is arranged in the simulation trachea, and the simulation trachea is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The inner side of the simulated trachea is provided with a protruding part capable of narrowing or closing the simulated airway. The lung teaching aid is characterized in that a beginner can perform training in the lung teaching aid by means of a bronchoscope through the arrangement that the simulated airway can be narrowed or closed, and the beginner can simulate exploration and operation in a narrow or blocked airway in an actual operation; therefore, the degree of mastering operations such as accurate positioning and releasing of the stent in the tracheal stent implantation operation in a clinical situation and proper adjustment of the form of the stent in a narrow and complex environment is improved.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a lung mold capable of training the placement of a tracheal stent. [Background technology]

[0002] With the development of medical technology, tracheal stent placement has become an important means of treating airway stenosis and obstruction caused by tumor lesions, post-inflammatory scar contracture, trauma, etc. However, beginners who lack practical operation training are prone to inaccurate stent positioning during such operations due to the complex structure of the trachea and the narrow operating space, resulting in poor surgical results; in severe cases, it may even cause complications such as bleeding, airway tearing, and stent displacement.

[0003] At present, the training method for beginners of tracheal stent implantation is generally through teacher explanation or watching expert teaching videos, which can help beginners understand theoretical knowledge and basic operation procedures, but for tracheal stent implantation that emphasizes operability, this training method has certain limitations. There are also silicone model lung teaching tools such as the one shown in publication number CN217467868U on the market to help beginners master the basic insertion and observation techniques of bronchoscopes. However, for the more complicated process of tracheal stent implantation, especially the position judgment of stent release, the fit between the stent and the airway wall, and the shape adjustment after the stent is deployed, the existing model lung teaching tools are difficult to simulate the actual situation. [Contents of the utility model]

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a lung mold capable of training the placement of a tracheal stent, thereby solving the above-mentioned problem.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a lung mold capable of training tracheal stent placement, comprising a mold lung, and a main trachea, main bronchi, lobar bronchi, and segmental bronchi connected in sequence, at least one of the main trachea, main bronchi, lobar bronchi, and segmental bronchi being provided with a simulated trachea, a simulated airway being provided in the simulated trachea, and a protrusion capable of narrowing or closing the simulated airway being provided on the inner side of the simulated trachea.

[0006] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the simulated trachea includes an outer tube and a first flexible inner tube arranged in the outer tube, the first flexible inner tube is provided with an airbag that can be filled with gas, and the protrusion is formed by the deformation and expansion of the first flexible inner tube after the airbag is filled with gas.

[0007] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the first flexible inner tube is also provided with a first air hole connected to the airbag, and the first air hole is provided with an air valve capable of releasing the gas in the airbag so as to change the simulated airway from a narrow or blocked state to a smooth state.

[0008] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, at least one of the main trachea, main bronchus, lobar bronchus and segmental bronchus includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment, and the rear end of the first connecting segment and the front end of the second connecting segment are detachably connected; one end of the simulated trachea can be detachably connected to the rear end of the first connecting segment, and the other end of the simulated trachea can be detachably connected to the front end of the second connecting segment, so that the simulated trachea can be installed between the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment.

[0009] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the main trachea, main bronchi, lobar bronchi and segmental bronchi all include a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment, the number of the simulated tracheas is at least four, and their tube diameters correspond to the tube diameters of the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment of the main trachea, the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment of the main bronchus, the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment of the lobar bronchi, and the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment of the segmental bronchi.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, a second flexible inner tube is provided in the main trachea, main bronchi, lobar bronchi and segmental bronchi. When the simulated trachea is installed between the first connecting section and the second connecting section and the simulated airway is in an unobstructed state, the surface of the first flexible inner tube is flush with the surface of the second flexible inner tube.

[0011] As a further optimization solution of the utility model, the outer tube is detachably connected to the first flexible inner tube.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the first flexible inner tube is connected to a positioning column, a positioning groove for inserting the positioning column is provided on the inner side of the outer tube, the second air hole is connected to the positioning groove, and a third air hole is provided on the positioning column, which can correspond to the second air hole when the positioning column is inserted into the positioning groove, and one end of the air valve extends into the third air hole.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, a limiting structure is provided between the positioning column and the outer tube to limit the positioning column from escaping from the outer tube, the limiting structure includes a limiting block provided on the positioning column, a first elastic member is provided between the limiting block and the positioning column to press the limiting block outward, and a limiting hole is provided on the outer tube for inserting the limiting block.

[0014] As a further optimization solution of the utility model, a sensor capable of detecting the air pressure of the air bag is further provided in the air bag, and a display module capable of receiving and displaying the air pressure value sent by the sensor is provided in the mold lung.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: by being able to simulate airway narrowing or closure, beginners can use the pulmonary teaching aid for training with the aid of a bronchoscope, simulating the exploration and operation of the narrow or blocked airway in actual surgery, thereby improving the mastery of operations such as precise positioning and release of the stent during tracheal stent placement in clinical situations, and proper adjustment of the stent shape in a narrow and complex environment.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the outer tube of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first flexible inner tube in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a simulated trachea when the airbag in the utility model is not inflated with gas;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a simulated trachea after the airbag in the utility model is inflated with gas;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cooperation between the simulated trachea, the first connecting section, and the second connecting section in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the simulated trachea in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the mold lung in the utility model. [Specific implementation method]

[0025] The implementation modes of the present utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the utility model discloses a lung mold with trainable tracheal stent placement, comprising a mold lung 1, and a main trachea 21, a main bronchus 22, a lobar bronchus 23, and a segmental bronchus 24 connected in sequence, wherein at least one of the main trachea 21, the main bronchus 22, the lobar bronchus 23, and the segmental bronchus 24 is provided with a simulated trachea 3, wherein a simulated airway 31 is provided in the simulated trachea 3, and a protrusion 32 capable of narrowing or closing the simulated airway 31 is provided on the inner side of the simulated trachea 3.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the mold lung 1 serves as a carrier of the overall structure and provides support to other components. The mold lung 1 is connected to a set of bronchial models, that is, starting from the main bronchus 21, it extends step by step to the main bronchus 22, the lobar bronchus 23, and finally to the segmental bronchus 24. Such a design helps beginners to intuitively understand and become familiar with the overall anatomical structure of the lung airway. The user can use a bronchoscope to extend from the opening of the main bronchus 21 into the main bronchus 21, and enter the main bronchus 22 of different branches from the main bronchus 21, enter the lobar bronchus 23 of different branches in the main bronchus 22, and enter the segmental bronchus 24 of different branches in the lobar bronchus 23, so as to understand the connection relationship between bronchi at different levels. The main bronchus 21, the main bronchus 22, the lobar bronchus 23, and the segmental bronchus 24 can be made of silicone or other materials close to the texture of the lungs in vivo, so as to increase the sense of reality when the bronchoscope moves in the trachea during simulation training.

[0028] At least a part of the main trachea 21, main bronchus 22, lobar bronchus 23 and segmental bronchus 24 is provided with a simulated trachea 3, and the simulated trachea 3 has a simulated airway 31 inside. The inner side is provided with a protrusion that can narrow or close the simulated airway, thereby simulating different degrees of airway stenosis or occlusion caused by various reasons such as tumor compression, inflammatory scar contraction, and foreign body incarceration. Beginners can extend a bronchoscope into the mold lung 1 to explore and operate to find a path to reach the simulated trachea 3, and complete the tracheal stent placement exercise after reaching the simulated trachea 3 in an obstructed state, so as to perceive and deal with the situation of the simulated airway 3 being blocked in practice, and exercise their ability to locate, place and adjust the stent.

[0029] In the embodiment, the protrusion 32 can protrude in the radial direction of the simulated trachea 3 so as to narrow or close the simulated airway 31. Beginners can use the bronchoscope to train in the lung teaching aid, simulating the exploration and operation into the narrow or occluded airway in actual surgery, thereby improving the mastery of operations such as precise positioning and release of the stent during tracheal stent placement in clinical situations, and proper adjustment of the stent shape in a narrow and complex environment.

[0030] The simulated trachea 3 includes an outer tube 33 and a first flexible inner tube 34 arranged in the outer tube 33. The first flexible inner tube 34 is provided with an air bag 35 that can be filled with gas. The protrusion 32 is formed by the deformation and expansion of the first flexible inner tube 34 after the air bag 35 is filled with gas.

[0031] The outer tube 33 serves as the basic structure of the simulated trachea 3 and provides installation space for the first flexible inner tube 34. The first flexible inner tube 34 is made of a flexible material such as silicone, and the airbag 35 is built in the first flexible inner tube 34. The airbag 35 can be expanded and deformed by filling it with gas, thereby forming a protrusion 32 that simulates airway obstruction. The protrusion 32 is simulated by the airbag 35, which is simple to operate and low in cost.

[0032] The first flexible inner tube 34 is also provided with a first air hole 341 communicating with the air bag 35 . The first air hole 341 is provided with an air valve 36 capable of releasing the gas in the air bag 35 so as to change the simulated airway 31 from a narrow or blocked state to a patency state.

[0033] The air valve 36 can release the gas in the air bag 35, and can also inflate the air bag 35 through the air valve 36. By injecting different masses of gas, the protrusion size of the protrusion 32 can be controlled, so as to better simulate the lesions under different circumstances. The specific structure of the air valve 36 that can achieve this function has been disclosed in existing patent technologies such as the patent with publication number CN201494264U, named bicycle valve, and the patent with publication number CN203067868U, named tire valve, so its structure will not be described in detail here.

[0034] The first air hole 341 is connected to the airbag 35 and is a passage for inflation and deflation, and the air valve 36 is installed on the first air hole 341 to control the flow of gas. By opening or closing the air valve 36, the gas pressure in the airbag 35 can be accurately adjusted, and then the expansion degree of the first flexible inner tube 34 can be adjusted to simulate different degrees of airway obstruction. The inflation amount of the airbag 35 is accurately controlled by the air valve 36 to simulate different levels of airway stenosis to meet diverse training needs. At the same time, the operation of the simulated trachea 3 is simple and easy, and the state of the simulated airway can be quickly switched by inflation and deflation, which improves the training efficiency and flexibility and is highly practical.

[0035] In the embodiment, the number of the airbag 35 is one and is arranged around the first flexible inner tube 34, so that the airbag 35 can form a ring-shaped protrusion 32 after being inflated; the number of the airbag 35 can also be multiple, and they are arranged at intervals and have corresponding different air holes, so that the protrusion 32 can simulate the blockage caused by lesions such as tumor lesions.

[0036] The simulated airway 31 can simulate the unobstructed state in a normal state, and can also simulate the situation of narrowing or occlusion of the channel by adjusting the protrusion 32, so as to provide a practical training target for stent placement through the simulated trachea 3. The protrusion 32 arranged circumferentially and movable along the radial direction of the simulated trachea 3 can dynamically change the patency of the simulated airway 31, so that it switches between a patency state and a blocked state.

[0037] There are other implementations of the protrusion 32, such as a threaded column is threadedly connected to the outer tube 33, and an avoidance hole for the threaded column to pass through is opened on the first flexible inner tube 34, and an elastic simulation block that can simulate the blockage caused by tumor lesions and other lesions is provided at one end of the threaded column close to the first flexible inner tube 34, thereby forming a protrusion 32 that can protrude in the radial direction of the simulated trachea 3 to narrow or block the simulated airway 31. In addition, in this embodiment, the user can also simulate different degrees of airway obstruction by adjusting the threaded column.

[0038] At least one of the main trachea 21, main bronchus 22, lobar bronchus 23, and segmental bronchus 24 includes a first connecting segment 41 and a second connecting segment 42, and the rear end of the first connecting segment 41 and the front end of the second connecting segment 42 are detachably connected; one end of the simulated trachea 3 can be detachably connected to the rear end of the first connecting segment 41, and the other end of the simulated trachea 3 can be detachably connected to the front end of the second connecting segment 42, so that the simulated trachea 3 can be installed between the first connecting segment 41 and the second connecting segment 42.

[0039] The first connecting section 41 and the second connecting section 42 are provided so that the simulated trachea 3 can be detachably connected to the bronchial model. By disassembling the simulated trachea 3, the user can directly see the effect of the stent placement, intuitively evaluate the accuracy of his own operation, promptly discover and correct errors, and deepen the understanding of the correct operation; after the simulated trachea 3 is damaged, the user does not need to replace the entire mold, but only needs to replace the corresponding part of the simulated trachea 3, which greatly saves teaching costs and facilitates the daily maintenance and upgrading of training facilities; in addition, when the user needs to repeat the simulated tracheal stent placement operation many times, each time after completion, the simulated trachea 3 can be disassembled and the tracheal stent can be removed to quickly restore the initial state, which is conducive to continuous improvement and perfection of skills.

[0040] In the embodiment, the rear end of the first connection section 41 is provided with a first thread, the front end of the second connection section 42 is provided with a second thread that can be threadedly matched with the first thread, one end of the outer tube 3 is provided with a third thread that can be threadedly matched with the first thread, and the other end of the outer tube 3 is provided with a fourth thread that can be threadedly matched with the second thread. The threaded connection method provides good mechanical stability to avoid accidental disengagement during operation, and the user can complete the disassembly and assembly of the simulated trachea 3 by screwing. There are also other implementation methods for detachable connection, such as snap connection, magnetic connection, etc. In contrast, the threaded connection can ensure the accurate position of the simulated trachea 3 at the connection point, which helps to accurately judge the position of the stent implanted in the simulated trachea 3.

[0041] The main airway 21, the main bronchus 22, the lobar bronchus 23, and the segmental bronchus 24 all include a first connecting segment 41 and a second connecting segment 42. The number of the simulated airways 3 is at least four, and their diameters correspond to the diameters of the first connecting segment 41 and the second connecting segment 42 of the main airway 21, the first connecting segment 41 and the second connecting segment 42 of the main bronchus 22, the first connecting segment 41 and the second connecting segment 42 of the lobar bronchus 23, and the first connecting segment 41 and the second connecting segment 42 of the segmental bronchus 24.

[0042] By providing the first connecting section 41 and the second connecting section 42 on the main trachea 21, the main bronchus 22, the lobar bronchus 23 and the segmental bronchus 24, the user can insert the simulated trachea 3 of different diameters into the corresponding tracheal level according to the training content to simulate airway stenosis or occlusion in different positions and degrees.

[0043] The main trachea 21, the main bronchus 22, the lobar bronchus 23, and the segmental bronchus 24 are all provided with a second flexible inner tube 5. When the simulated trachea 3 is installed between the first connecting section 41 and the second connecting section 42 and the simulated airway 31 is in an unobstructed state, the first flexible inner tube 34 is flush with the surface of the second flexible inner tube 5.

[0044] The setting of the second flexible inner tube 5 can limit the misplacement or damage of the stent in the normal airway section, and increase the durability of the internal structure of the mold. The user can insert the simulated trachea 3 of different diameters into the corresponding tracheal level. When it is necessary to perform tracheal stent placement training on a certain tracheal level, the simulated trachea 3 airbag 35 of the tracheal level is inflated with gas. The first flexible inner tube 34 of the simulated trachea 3 installed at other tracheal levels and not simulating airway stenosis is flush with the surface of the second flexible inner tube 5, jointly simulating the smooth inner wall of the normal airway, and will not affect the tracheal stent placement training; at the same time, the first flexible inner tube 34 and the second flexible inner tube 5 are flush with the surface to ensure the continuity and consistency of the simulated trachea 3 and the actual airway structure in an unobstructed state, which helps the trainee to get a more realistic feeling when operating the bronchoscope.

[0045] The outer tube 33 is detachably connected to the first flexible inner tube 34 .

[0046] The detachable connection between the outer tube 33 and the first flexible inner tube 34 allows the first flexible inner tube 34 to be directly replaced when the first flexible inner tube 34 is damaged, which facilitates maintenance and saves costs.

[0047] The first flexible inner tube 34 is connected to a positioning column 6, and a positioning groove 332 for inserting the positioning column 6 is provided on the inner side of the outer tube 33. A second air hole 331 is provided on the outer tube 33 for a user to open the air valve 36 to fill or release gas into the airbag 35. The second air hole 331 is communicated with the positioning groove 332. The positioning column 6 is provided with a third air hole 61 which can correspond to the second air hole 331 when the positioning column 6 is inserted into the positioning groove 332, and one end of the air valve 36 extends into the third air hole 61.

[0048] The second air hole 331 is arranged on the outer tube 33, so that the user can easily access the air valve 36, and then fill or discharge gas into the airbag 35, thereby ensuring convenient operation. The first flexible inner tube 34 is connected to the outer tube 33 through the positioning column 6, and a positioning groove 332 is arranged on the inner side of the outer tube 33. After the positioning column 6 is inserted into the positioning groove 332, it can not only ensure that the first flexible inner tube 34 is aligned with the outer tube 33, but also make the second air hole 331 correspond to the third air hole 61. One end of the air valve 36 extends into the third air hole 61, so that the operator can control the switch of the air valve 36 through the second air hole 331, thereby filling or discharging gas into the airbag 35 in the first flexible inner tube 34 through the air valve 36, so as to realize the transition of airway stenosis or restoration to normal state in the simulated trachea 3.

[0049] When there are multiple airbags 35 , the number of positioning columns 6 and positioning grooves 332 can correspond to the number of airbags 35 , so that the air holes can correspond to the airbags 35 , and different airbags 35 can be inflated through different air holes.

[0050] A limiting structure 7 is provided between the positioning post 6 and the outer tube 33 to limit the positioning post 6 from escaping from the outer tube 33 .

[0051] The limiting structure 7 can ensure that the positioning column 6 can be stably fixed after being inserted into the positioning groove 332, thereby preventing the positioning column 332 from accidentally detaching from the outer tube 33 due to external force during installation or when moving or storing the mold, causing the first flexible inner tube 34 to be disconnected from the outer tube 33.

[0052] The limiting structure 7 includes a limiting block 71 arranged on the positioning column 6, a first elastic member 72 is arranged between the limiting block 71 and the positioning column 6 to press the limiting block 71 outward, and a limiting hole 73 for inserting the limiting block 71 is arranged on the outer tube 33.

[0053] By providing a limit block 71 on the positioning column 6, and arranging a first elastic member 72 between the limit block 71 and the positioning column 6 to continuously press the limit block 71 outward, when the positioning column 6 is inserted into the positioning groove 332 of the outer tube 33, the limit block 71 can automatically bounce into the limit hole 73 on the outer tube 33 under the action of elastic force, thereby locking the positioning column 6 and preventing it from accidentally falling out of the outer tube 33.

[0054] The limiting structure 7 may also be implemented in other ways, such as by means of a snap, a retaining spring, a stopper, etc., so that after the positioning column 6 is inserted into place, it is prevented from moving in the opposite direction along the axial direction, thereby ensuring a stable connection between the first flexible inner tube 34 and the outer tube 33.

[0055] The airbag 35 is also provided with a sensor 8 capable of detecting the air pressure of the airbag 35 , and the mold lung 1 is provided with a display module 9 capable of receiving and displaying the air pressure value sent by the sensor 8 .

[0056] A sensor 8 is added inside the airbag 35 to monitor the air pressure value inside the airbag in real time. When multiple simulated tracheas 3 are installed, the user can read the value of the display module 9 to determine which trachea level of the simulated trachea 3 is blocked without disassembling the simulated trachea 3, so as to proceed to the next step.

[0057] like Figure 8As shown, in the embodiment, the mold lung 1 imitates the external shape of the lung, so that it can be reflected as a lung teaching aid in appearance, which is convenient for users to identify. Specifically, the mold lung 1 includes a box seat, and a box cover rotatably connected to the box seat, the box seat is provided with a first notch, and the box cover is provided with a second notch. When the box cover is rotated to fit with the box seat, the first notch and the second notch together form a fixing hole for the main bronchus to be placed and fixed. The display module 9 can display the values ​​of the air bags 35 in the simulated trachea 3 respectively located in the main trachea 21, the main bronchus 22, the lobar bronchus 23, and the segmental bronchus 24. The box seat is also provided with a display opening, and the display module 9 is arranged at the display opening, so that the user can know the position of the simulated trachea 3 in the main trachea 21, the main bronchus 22, the lobar bronchus 23, and the segmental bronchus 24 when the box cover is not opened.

[0058] The use of the utility model is as follows: when a beginner needs to practice tracheal stent placement, first select a suitable simulated trachea 3 according to the position of the airway lesion to be simulated, and ensure that its diameter matches the corresponding first connecting section 41 and second connecting section 42. Then insert the positioning column 6 corresponding to the first flexible inner tube 34 into the positioning groove 332 in the corresponding outer tube 33, and ensure that the outer tube 33 and the first flexible inner tube 34 are stably connected through the cooperation of the limiting block 71 and the limiting hole 73. The simulated trachea 3 is threadedly connected with the first connecting section 41 and the second connecting section 42 through the third thread and the fourth thread at both ends of the simulated trachea 3, respectively, to ensure that the surface of the first flexible inner tube 34 is flush with the surface of the second flexible inner tube 5. Then, inflate the airbag 35 through the air valve 36, so that the first flexible inner tube 34 expands to form a protrusion 32, so that the simulated airway 31 changes from a normal state to an obstructed state. In the process of inflating the airbag 35, the sensor 8 monitors the air pressure changes in the airbag 35 in real time and transmits the data to the display module 9 in the mold lung. After the inflation is completed, the beginner uses a bronchoscope or other instrument to extend from the opening of the main trachea 21 to the protrusion 32 and perform the tracheal stent placement operation. After the operation is completed, the gas in the airbag 35 is released by adjusting the air valve 36 again, so that the first flexible inner tube 34 retracts to a normal state, and then the simulated trachea 3 is disassembled to check whether the stent is accurately placed in the predetermined position and whether the stent shape is suitable.

Claims

1. A lung model capable of training tracheal stent placement, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mold lung (1), and a main trachea (21), a main bronchus (22), a lobar bronchus (23), and a segmental bronchus (24) connected in sequence, wherein at least one of the main trachea (21), the main bronchus (22), the lobar bronchus (23), and the segmental bronchus (24) is provided with a simulated trachea (3), a simulated airway (31) is provided in the simulated trachea (3), and a protrusion (32) capable of narrowing or closing the simulated airway (31) is provided on the inner side of the simulated trachea (3).

2. A trainable tracheal stent placement lung model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated trachea (3) comprises an outer tube (33) and a first flexible inner tube (34) arranged inside the outer tube (33); an air bag (35) capable of being filled with gas is arranged inside the first flexible inner tube (34); and the protrusion (32) is formed by the deformation and expansion of the first flexible inner tube (34) after the air bag (35) is filled with gas.

3. A lung model for trainable tracheal stent placement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first flexible inner tube (34) is also provided with a first air hole (341) in communication with the air bag (35), and the first air hole (341) is provided with an air valve (36) capable of releasing the gas in the air bag (35) so as to change the simulated airway (31) from a narrow or blocked state to a patency state.

4. A lung model for trainable tracheal stent placement according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the main trachea (21), the main bronchus (22), the lobar bronchus (23), and the segmental bronchus (24) comprises a first connecting section (41) and a second connecting section (42), and the rear end of the first connecting section (41) and the front end of the second connecting section (42) are detachably connected; one end of the simulated trachea (3) can be detachably connected to the rear end of the first connecting section (41), and the other end of the simulated trachea (3) can be detachably connected to the front end of the second connecting section (42), so that the simulated trachea (3) can be installed between the first connecting section (41) and the second connecting section (42).

5. A lung model for trainable tracheal stent placement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main trachea (21), the main bronchus (22), the lobar bronchus (23), and the segmental bronchus (24) all include a first connecting section (41) and a second connecting section (42); the number of the simulated trachea (3) is at least four, and the diameters thereof correspond to the diameters of the first connecting section (41) and the second connecting section (42) of the main trachea (21), the first connecting section (41) and the second connecting section (42) of the main bronchus (22), the first connecting section (41) and the second connecting section (42) of the lobar bronchus (23), and the first connecting section (41) and the second connecting section (42) of the segmental bronchus (24).

6. A lung model for trainable tracheal stent placement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main trachea (21), the main bronchus (22), the lobar bronchus (23), and the segmental bronchus (24) are all provided with a second flexible inner tube (5); when the simulated trachea (3) is installed between the first connecting section (41) and the second connecting section (42) and the simulated airway (31) is in an unobstructed state, the surface of the first flexible inner tube (34) is flush with the surface of the second flexible inner tube (5).

7. A lung model for trainable tracheal stent placement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer tube (33) is detachably connected to the first flexible inner tube (34).

8. A trainable lung model for tracheal stent placement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first flexible inner tube (34) is connected to a positioning column (6); a positioning groove (332) for inserting the positioning column (6) is provided on the inner side of the outer tube (33); a second air hole (331) is provided on the outer tube (33) for a user to open the air valve (36) to fill or release gas into the airbag (35); the second air hole (331) is communicated with the positioning groove (332); a third air hole (61) is provided on the positioning column (6) and can correspond to the second air hole (331) when the positioning column (6) is inserted into the positioning groove (332); one end of the air valve (36) extends into the third air hole (61).

9. A trainable lung model for tracheal stent placement according to claim 8, characterized in that: A limiting structure (7) for limiting the positioning column (6) from coming out of the outer tube (33) is provided between the positioning column (6) and the outer tube (33); the limiting structure (7) comprises a limiting block (71) provided on the positioning column (6); a first elastic member (72) for pressing the limiting block (71) outward is provided between the limiting block (71) and the positioning column (6); and a limiting hole (73) for inserting the limiting block (71) is provided on the outer tube (33).

10. A trainable lung model for tracheal stent placement according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The air bag (35) is also provided with a sensor (8) capable of detecting the air pressure of the air bag (35), and the mold lung (1) is provided with a display module (9) capable of receiving and displaying the air pressure value sent by the sensor (8).

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