Smoke exhaust mechanism of plasma cutting machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a smoke discharging mechanism of a plasma cutting machine, which comprises the plasma cutting machine, the plasma cutting machine comprises a cutting gun, a gas collecting hood is arranged on the cutting gun, a protective gas guide sleeve is arranged on the cutting gun, and a gas conveying pipe through hole is arranged on the gas collecting hood. A first shielding gas conveying pipe is arranged on the gas conveying pipe passing hole and the shielding gas guide sleeve, the first shielding gas conveying pipe is communicated with the shielding gas guide sleeve, an air conditioning device is arranged on the gas collecting hood above the gas collecting hood, and the air conditioning device comprises a plurality of air conveying hole groups and an airflow adjusting sleeve which are arranged on the gas collecting hood; the air conveying hole group comprises a plurality of air conveying holes formed in the gas collecting hood, the gas collecting hood above the air conveying hole group is communicated with a tail gas discharge pipe, and an activated carbon adsorption tank and a sucking pump are arranged on the tail gas discharge pipe. Smoke generated in the cutting process can be extracted, and meanwhile air flow entering from a gap between the air collecting cover and a workpiece can be reduced; the utility model has the advantages of convenient use and wide market prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of smoke exhaust equipment for plasma cutting machines, in particular to a smoke exhaust mechanism for plasma cutting machines. Background Art

[0002] Plasma cutting has the advantages of high processing efficiency, good quality and low cost. It is more and more widely used in thermal cutting. It mainly relies on high temperature and high speed plasma arc and its flame flow to melt and evaporate the workpiece to be cut and blow it away from the substrate. The plasma cutting torch is a key component in the plasma cutting system. It is mainly composed of key components such as the torch body, insulating sleeve, electrode and nozzle. A discharge cavity is formed between the electrode and the inner cavity of the nozzle. When the electrode is energized, the gas is ionized in the discharge cavity to generate high temperature plasma. The high temperature plasma is ejected from the nozzle nozzle to cut the metal material.

[0003] To improve the performance of precision plasma cutting equipment, there are many ways to use it, one of which is to use vortex gas protection. The secondary protection medium called vortex gas is ejected from the cathode and nozzle of the cutting moment, forming a layer of protective gas outside the plasma beam, and has been effectively protecting the plasma beam. This vortex gas has the following advantages for the cutting process: first, it can effectively prevent the slag generated at the beginning of the cutting from strongly splashing upward and adhering to the nozzle; second, it can effectively prevent the double plasma beam arc phenomenon that often occurs at the beginning of the cutting when using vortex gas protection. Due to these advantages, the service life of the nozzle is greatly improved. The most direct benefit brought by this is: long-term stable and unchanged high quality can be obtained.

[0004] During air plasma cutting, a high-temperature plasma arc heat source is used to quickly melt the metal to be cut locally, and a compressed air flow is used to blow the molten metal away from the substrate to form a narrow incision to complete the cutting. The flow rate of the shielding gas will also change accordingly with the change of the supply flow rate of the compressed air. Factors affecting the cutting quality include the supply flow rate of compressed air and the supply flow rate of shielding gas. Sufficient gas flow is an important condition to ensure normal cutting and incision quality. Increasing the gas flow rate can increase the working voltage, enhance the compression effect of the arc, and concentrate the arc energy, which is conducive to improving the cutting speed and cutting quality. If the airflow is too large, the cold air will take away a lot of heat, which will reduce the cutting ability and make the cutting process unstable. In this process, a large amount of smoke will be generated due to the contact of the cutting flame with the workpiece, and the smoke will be accompanied by splashing metal debris. In the prior art, a wind collecting hood is used to cover the cutting work area. The advantage of this is that the smoke generated during the cutting process can be concentrated and processed to reduce the deterioration of the working environment caused by the escape into the working environment, and the splashing metal debris generated during the cutting process is also blocked by the wind collecting hood to reduce the splashing of the metal debris into the working area, thereby reducing the damage to personnel caused by high-temperature metal debris.

[0005] If the smoke generated in the cutting work area needs to be centrally extracted, the gas pressure in the hood needs to be lower than the gas pressure outside the hood. The reason is still to prevent the smoke from escaping into the air outside the hood. In this process, the outside air will enter the inner cavity of the hood through the gap between the hood and the workpiece. The air flow entering the inner cavity of the hood from the gap between the hood and the workpiece may also directly act on the cutting flame, thereby reducing the temperature of the cutting flame and affecting the cutting effect. Therefore, there is room for improvement. The air flow entering the inner cavity of the hood from the gap between the hood and the workpiece can ensure the normal working temperature of the cutting flame and can also centrally extract the smoke generated during the cutting process for centralized treatment, thereby further meeting the actual needs on site. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a smoke exhaust mechanism for a plasma cutting machine that can reduce the air flow entering from the gap between the wind hood and the workpiece while extracting the smoke generated during the cutting process, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: a smoke exhaust mechanism of a plasma cutting machine, comprising a plasma cutting machine, the plasma cutting machine comprising a cutting gun, a gas collecting hood being arranged on the cutting gun, an output end of the cutting gun being located on the inner side of the gas collecting hood, a protective gas guide sleeve being arranged on the output end of the cutting gun, a gas transmission gap being arranged between the protective gas guide sleeve and the cutting gun, a gas transmission pipe passing hole being arranged on the gas collecting hood, a first protective gas delivery pipe being arranged on the gas transmission pipe passing hole and the protective gas guide sleeve, the first protective gas delivery pipe being connected to the protective gas guide sleeve, and an air collecting hood being arranged above the gas collecting hood The air conditioning device comprises a plurality of air delivery hole groups arranged on the air collecting hood along the direction from close to the protective air guide sleeve to away from the protective air guide sleeve and an air flow regulating sleeve outside the plurality of air delivery hole groups, each of the air delivery hole groups comprises a plurality of air delivery holes opened on the air collecting hood, the plurality of air delivery holes in each of the air delivery hole groups are evenly distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the air collecting hood, the air collecting hood above the plurality of air delivery hole groups is connected to an exhaust gas emission pipe, and the exhaust gas emission pipe is provided with an activated carbon adsorption tank and an air pump.

[0008] Preferably, the air collecting hood adopts a cylindrical structure with an open end facing downward, the air flow regulating sleeve adopts a circular ring structure, the air flow regulating sleeve and the air collecting hood are threadedly connected, the top of the air collecting hood is provided with an inlet end of a first exhaust branch pipe, the first exhaust branch pipe is connected to the air collecting hood, the number of first exhaust branch pipes is several, and the several first exhaust branch pipes are evenly distributed in a star shape on the outside of the central axis of the cutting gun, the central axis of the cutting gun and the central axis of the air collecting hood are located on the same axis, and flow equalizing rings are provided on the air outlet ends of the several first exhaust branch pipes, and the inlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe is provided on the flow equalizing ring, the outlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe is connected to the inlet end of the exhaust pipe, and the second protective gas delivery pipe is provided on the first protective gas delivery pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the second protective gas delivery pipe is provided with a regulating valve and a first gas flow sensor, and the tail gas exhaust pipe is provided with a second gas flow sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the inlet end of the first protective gas delivery pipe and the outlet end of the second protective gas delivery pipe are threadedly connected, and the outlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe and the inlet end of the tail gas exhaust pipe are threadedly connected.

[0011] Preferably, a filter bracket is provided between the air delivery hole group and the protective air guide sleeve, and the filter bracket includes a first connecting ring provided on the air collecting hood, a second connecting ring provided on the outside of the cutting gun, a plurality of connecting rods provided on the second connecting ring and the first connecting ring and distributed in a star shape on the outside of the central axis of the cutting gun, and a structural reinforcement rod provided on two adjacent connecting rods; a filter is provided on the side of the filter bracket close to the protective air guide sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, a filter fixing ring is provided on the side of the filter away from the filter bracket, fixing bolts are provided on the filter bracket, the filter fixing ring and the filter, and the structural reinforcement rod adopts an arc rod structure.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: firstly, the utility model reduces the air flow entering into the air collecting hood from the gap between the air collecting hood and the workpiece, thereby reducing the influence of the air flow entering through the gap between the air collecting hood and the workpiece on the cutting flame, and can transport the generated smoke to the exhaust pipe under the drive of the vacuum pump, and then discharge it after adsorption by the activated carbon layer in the activated carbon adsorption tank, thereby reducing the influence of the smoke generated during the cutting process on the environment.

[0014] Secondly, the utility model is provided with an activated carbon adsorption tank and an exhaust pump on the tail gas emission pipe; the activated carbon adsorption tank comprises an adsorption tank body and an activated carbon layer arranged in the adsorption tank body; installing the exhaust pump is convenient for extracting the smoke generated during the cutting process, and installing the activated carbon adsorption tank is convenient for utilizing the activated carbon layer in the activated carbon adsorption tank to adsorb harmful components in the smoke.

[0015] The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, ingenious design, greatly improved working efficiency, good social and economic benefits, and is a product that is easy to promote and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of detail A.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the components of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a smoke exhaust mechanism of a plasma cutting machine includes a plasma cutting machine, wherein the plasma cutting machine includes a cutting gun 1, wherein the cutting gun 1 is provided with a gas collecting hood 2, wherein the output end of the cutting gun 1 is located inside the gas collecting hood 2, wherein a protective gas guide sleeve 3 is provided on the output end of the cutting gun 1, wherein a gas transmission gap is provided between the protective gas guide sleeve 3 and the cutting gun 1, wherein a vortex ring 29 is provided in the gas transmission gap; wherein a gas transmission pipe through hole 4 is provided on the gas collecting hood 2, wherein a first protective gas delivery pipe 5 is provided on the gas transmission pipe through hole 4 and the protective gas guide sleeve 3, wherein the first protective gas delivery pipe 5 is connected to the protective gas guide sleeve 3, wherein an air conditioning device is provided on the gas collecting hood 2 above the gas collecting hood 2, wherein the air The regulating device includes a plurality of air delivery hole groups arranged on the air collecting hood 2 along the direction from close to the protective gas guide sleeve 3 to away from the protective gas guide sleeve 3 and an air flow regulating sleeve 6 outside the plurality of air delivery hole groups, each of the air delivery hole groups includes a plurality of air delivery holes 7 opened on the air collecting hood 2, and the plurality of air delivery holes 7 in each of the air delivery hole groups are evenly distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the air collecting hood 2, the air collecting hood 2 above the plurality of air delivery hole groups is connected to an exhaust gas emission pipe 8, and an activated carbon adsorption tank 9 and an air pump 10 are arranged on the exhaust gas emission pipe 8; the activated carbon adsorption tank 9 includes an adsorption tank body and an activated carbon layer arranged in the adsorption tank body.

[0020] The air collecting hood 2 adopts a cylindrical structure with an open end facing downward, the air flow regulating sleeve 6 adopts a circular ring structure, the air flow regulating sleeve 6 and the air collecting hood 2 are threadedly connected, and the top of the air collecting hood 2 is provided with an inlet end of a first exhaust branch pipe 11, the first exhaust branch pipe 11 is connected to the air collecting hood 2, and the number of first exhaust branch pipes 11 is several, and the several first exhaust branch pipes 11 are evenly distributed in a star shape on the outside of the central axis of the cutting gun 1, the central axis of the cutting gun 1 and the central axis of the air collecting hood 2 are located on the same axis, and the outlet ends of the several first exhaust branch pipes 11 are provided with flow balancing rings 12, and the inlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe 13 is provided on the flow balancing ring 12, and the outlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe 13 is connected to the inlet end of the exhaust pipe 8, and the first protective gas A second protective gas delivery pipe 14 is provided on the delivery pipe 5; a plurality of first exhaust branch pipes 11 are installed on the top of the gas collecting hood 2 to facilitate evenly delivering the gas on the top of the gas collecting hood 2 to the equalizing ring 12 and then to the exhaust gas exhaust pipe 8; a regulating valve 15 and a first gas flow sensor 16 are provided on the second protective gas delivery pipe 14, and the regulating valve 15 is installed to facilitate adjusting the flow size of the medium delivered through the second protective gas delivery pipe 14, and the first gas flow sensor 16 is installed to facilitate feedback of the flow parameters of the medium delivered through the second protective gas delivery pipe 14; a second gas flow sensor 17 is provided on the exhaust gas exhaust pipe 8, and the second gas flow sensor 17 is installed to facilitate feedback of the flow parameters of the medium delivered through the exhaust gas exhaust pipe 8. The inlet end of the first protective gas delivery pipe 5 and the outlet end of the second protective gas delivery pipe 14 are threadedly connected, and the outlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe 13 and the inlet end of the exhaust gas exhaust pipe 8 are threadedly connected. It is convenient to remove the second protective gas delivery pipe 14 from the first protective gas delivery pipe 5 , and it is also convenient to remove the exhaust gas discharge pipe 8 from the second exhaust branch pipe 13 .

[0021] The central axis of the gas collecting hood 2 and the central axis of the cutting gun 1 are located on the same axis. The cutting gun 1 above the gas collecting hood 2 is provided with a third connecting ring 25. A spring 28 is provided on the cutting gun 1 between the third connecting ring 25 and the gas collecting hood 2. A guide rod 26 is provided on the gas collecting hood 2 and the third connecting ring 25. The bottom end of the guide rod 26 is connected to the top end of the gas collecting hood 2. The guide rod 26 is movably mounted on the third connecting ring 25. A nut 27 is provided on the guide rod 26 above the third connecting ring 25. The number of guide rods 26 is a plurality of guide rods 26. They are evenly distributed in a star shape on the outside of the central axis of the cutting gun 1, and a nut 27 is correspondingly installed on each guide rod 26; so that when the cutting gun 1 is in working state, the air hood 2 is closely attached to the workpiece under the guidance of several guide rods 26. In this process, the spring 28 is compressed, thereby reducing the gap between the workpiece and the air hood 2, and also reducing the outside air entering the air hood 2 through the gap between the workpiece and the air hood 2, thereby directly contacting the working flame ejected by the cutting gun 1 to reduce the temperature of the working flame, thereby affecting the cutting effect.

[0022] A filter bracket is arranged between the air delivery hole group and the protective air guide sleeve 3, and the filter bracket includes a first connecting ring 18 arranged on the air collecting cover 2, a second connecting ring 19 arranged on the outside of the cutting gun 1, a plurality of connecting rods 20 arranged on the second connecting ring 19 and the first connecting ring 18 and distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the cutting gun 1, and a structural reinforcement rod 21 arranged on two adjacent connecting rods 20, and the structural reinforcement rod 21 adopts an arc rod structure; a filter 22 is arranged on the side of the filter bracket close to the protective air guide sleeve 3, a filter fixing ring 23 is arranged on the side of the filter 22 away from the filter bracket, and fixing bolts 24 are arranged on the filter bracket, the filter fixing ring 23 and the filter 22; so that the filter 22 can be fixed to the filter bracket by using the filter fixing ring 23 to filter the metal debris carried by the airflow. At the same time, by removing the fixing bolts 24, it is also convenient to remove the filter fixing ring 23 and then replace the filter 22.

[0023] The usage of this product is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the following steps are included: first, several nuts 27 should be adjusted so that the two ends of the spring 28 are in contact with the gas collecting hood 2 and the third connecting ring 25 respectively; then, the product is placed on the preset action surface of the workpiece to be cut, and the flow rate of the compressed air delivered through the cutting gun 1 and the flow rate of the shielding gas delivered through the second shielding gas delivery pipe 14, the first shielding gas delivery pipe 5 and the gas delivery gap between the cutting gun 1 and the shielding gas guide sleeve 3 are adjusted at the same time, and then the vacuum pump 10 is turned on and the position of the air flow regulating sleeve 6 on several air delivery hole groups is adjusted, so that the gas flow rate discharged through the exhaust pipe 8 is not less than the sum of the gas flow rate of the compressed air delivered through the cutting gun 1 and the flow rate of the shielding gas delivered through the gas delivery gap between the cutting gun 1 and the shielding gas guide sleeve 3. At this time, the outside The air is transported to the air collecting hood 2 through the several air delivery holes 7 under the air flow regulating sleeve 6. During this process, the air collecting hood 2 is pressed against the workpiece being cut. The air flow generated by the acting surface of the workpiece being cut is continuously sucked away by the air pump 10, and the air collecting hood 2 and the workpiece being cut are in a close relationship. The flow resistance generated by the outside air entering the air collecting hood 2 through the gap between the air collecting hood 2 and the workpiece being cut is greater than the flow resistance generated by entering the air collecting hood 2 through the several air delivery holes 7 under the air flow regulating sleeve 6. Therefore, most of the outside air enters the air collecting hood 2 through the several air delivery holes 7 under the air flow regulating sleeve 6, along with the smoke generated in the cutting process, and is transported to the exhaust pipe 8 together with the smoke generated in the cutting process, and then discharged after being adsorbed by the activated carbon layer in the activated carbon adsorption tank 9.

[0024] Through this embodiment, the air flow entering the air collecting hood 2 from the gap between the air collecting hood and the workpiece is reduced, thereby reducing the influence of the air flow entering through the gap between the air collecting hood and the workpiece on the cutting flame, and the generated smoke can be transported to the exhaust pipe 8 driven by the vacuum pump 10 and discharged after being adsorbed by the activated carbon layer in the activated carbon adsorption tank 9, thereby reducing the influence of the smoke generated during the cutting process on the environment.

[0025] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the structures, features and principles described in the patent scope of the present invention should be included in the patent application scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smoke exhaust mechanism for a plasma cutting machine, comprising a plasma cutting machine, wherein the plasma cutting machine comprises a cutting gun (1), characterized in that: The cutting gun (1) is provided with a gas collecting hood (2), the output end of the cutting gun (1) is located on the inner side of the gas collecting hood (2), the output end of the cutting gun (1) is provided with a protective gas guide sleeve (3), a gas transmission gap is provided between the protective gas guide sleeve (3) and the cutting gun (1), the gas collecting hood (2) is provided with a gas transmission pipe through hole (4), the gas transmission pipe through hole (4) and the protective gas guide sleeve (3) are provided with a first protective gas delivery pipe (5), the first protective gas delivery pipe (5) and the protective gas guide sleeve (3) are connected, and the gas collecting hood (2) above the gas collecting hood (2) is provided with an air conditioning device, the air conditioning device comprising a gas collecting hood ( 2) and a plurality of air delivery hole groups arranged along a direction from close to the protective gas guide sleeve (3) to away from the protective gas guide sleeve (3) and an air flow adjustment sleeve (6) outside the plurality of air delivery hole groups, each of the air delivery hole groups comprising a plurality of air delivery holes (7) opened on the air collecting hood (2), the plurality of air delivery holes (7) in each of the air delivery hole groups being evenly distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the air collecting hood (2), the air collecting hood (2) above the plurality of air delivery hole groups being connected to an exhaust gas discharge pipe (8), and an activated carbon adsorption tank (9) and an air pump (10) being arranged on the exhaust gas discharge pipe (8).

2. The smoke exhaust mechanism of the plasma cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collecting hood (2) adopts a cylindrical structure with an open end facing downward, the air flow regulating sleeve (6) adopts a circular ring structure, the air flow regulating sleeve (6) and the gas collecting hood (2) are threadedly connected, the top of the gas collecting hood (2) is provided with an inlet end of a first exhaust branch pipe (11), the first exhaust branch pipe (11) and the gas collecting hood (2) are connected, the number of the first exhaust branch pipes (11) is a plurality, the plurality of first exhaust branch pipes (11) are evenly distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the cutting gun (1), the central axis of the cutting gun (1) and the central axis of the gas collecting hood (2) are located on the same axis, a flow balancing ring (12) is provided on the gas outlet end of the plurality of first exhaust branch pipes (11), the flow balancing ring (12) is provided with an inlet end of a second exhaust branch pipe (13), the outlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe (13) is connected to the inlet end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe (8), and a second protective gas delivery pipe (14) is provided on the first protective gas delivery pipe (5).

3. The smoke exhaust mechanism of the plasma cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second protective gas delivery pipe (14) is provided with a regulating valve (15) and a first gas flow sensor (16), and the tail gas exhaust pipe (8) is provided with a second gas flow sensor (17).

4. The smoke exhaust mechanism of the plasma cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet end of the first protective gas delivery pipe (5) and the outlet end of the second protective gas delivery pipe (14) are threadedly connected, and the outlet end of the second exhaust branch pipe (13) and the inlet end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe (8) are threadedly connected.

5. The smoke exhaust mechanism of the plasma cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter bracket is arranged between the air delivery hole group and the protective air guide sleeve (3), and the filter bracket comprises a first connecting ring (18) arranged on the air collecting hood (2), a second connecting ring (19) arranged on the outside of the cutting gun (1), a plurality of connecting rods (20) arranged on the second connecting ring (19) and the first connecting ring (18) and distributed in a star shape outside the central axis of the cutting gun (1), and a structural reinforcement rod (21) arranged on two adjacent connecting rods (20); a filter (22) is arranged on the side of the filter bracket close to the protective air guide sleeve (3).

6. The smoke exhaust mechanism of the plasma cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A filter fixing ring (23) is provided on the side of the filter (22) away from the filter bracket, fixing bolts (24) are provided on the filter bracket, the filter fixing ring (23) and the filter (22), and the structural reinforcement rod (21) adopts an arc-shaped rod structure.

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