Stepless speed regulation power-assisted transmission and hybrid electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of transmissions, and particularly discloses a stepless speed regulation power-assisted transmission and a hybrid electric vehicle, the transmission comprises an output gear, a driving mechanism used for driving the output gear to rotate, a power-assisted mechanism used for assisting the driving mechanism, and a speed-assisted mechanism used for assisting the speed of the driving mechanism; the power-assisted mechanism comprises a power-assisted shaft, a power-assisted sun wheel, a power-assisted planet wheel and a power-assisted planet carrier; the speed-assisting mechanism comprises a speed-assisting shaft, a speed-assisting sun wheel, a speed-assisting planet wheel and a speed-assisting planet carrier; the driving mechanism comprises a driving shaft arranged in a rotating mode, a driving gear installed on the driving shaft and a gear ring in meshing transmission with the driving gear. The gear ring is in meshing transmission with the power assisting planet wheel and the speed assisting planet wheel. The power-assisted planet gear and the speed-assisted planet gear are duplicate gears, a planet carrier gear is installed on the speed-assisted planet carrier, and the planet carrier gear is in meshing transmission with the output gear. By the adoption of the scheme, the problem that the speed of the electric vehicle cannot be changed conveniently and rapidly can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of transmissions, and in particular relates to a stepless speed regulating power transmission and a hybrid vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Bicycles and tricycles are powered by human pedaling. To improve riding convenience, electric vehicles have emerged, including electric bicycles and electric tricycles, which use electric power to achieve the purpose of ease and effort. However, electric power cannot achieve convenient and fast speed change. Therefore, in the prior art, electric vehicles are usually equipped with additional speed change systems. The power-assisted system and the speed change system are usually designed separately. It is difficult to exert their respective performance or technical advantages when used together. In addition, the speed change system in the prior art is usually a multi-gear speed change. The gear adjustment process causes a large change in the transmission ratio of the entire speed change process, resulting in a poor riding experience. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a stepless speed regulating power transmission and a hybrid vehicle to solve the problem that the electric vehicles in the prior art cannot achieve convenient and fast speed change.

[0004] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The stepless speed-adjustable power-assisted transmission comprises an output gear, a driving mechanism for driving the output gear to rotate, a power-assisted mechanism for assisting the driving mechanism, and a speed-assisting mechanism for assisting the driving mechanism; the power-assisting mechanism comprises a power-assisting shaft, a power-assisting sun gear, a power-assisting planetary gear, and a power-assisting planetary carrier, the power-assisting shaft is rotatably arranged, the power-assisting sun gear is mounted on the power-assisting shaft, the power-assisting planetary carrier is fixedly arranged, the power-assisting planetary gear is rotatably connected to the power-assisting planetary carrier, and the power-assisting sun gear and the power-assisting planetary gear are meshed for transmission; the speed-assisting mechanism comprises a speed-assisting shaft, a speed-assisting sun gear, a speed-assisting planetary gear, and a power-assisting planetary carrier. The auxiliary speed planetary carrier is set to rotate in one direction, the auxiliary speed sun gear is installed on the auxiliary speed shaft, the auxiliary speed planetary carrier is set to rotate, the auxiliary speed planetary gear is rotatably connected to the auxiliary speed planetary carrier, and the auxiliary speed sun gear and the auxiliary speed planetary gear are meshed for transmission; the driving mechanism includes a rotatably set driving shaft, a driving gear installed on the driving shaft, and a gear ring meshed with the driving gear for transmission, the gear ring and the auxiliary speed planetary gear and the auxiliary speed planetary gear are all meshed for transmission; the auxiliary speed planetary gear and the auxiliary speed planetary gear are both double gears, and the auxiliary speed planetary carrier is equipped with a planetary carrier gear, and the planetary carrier gear and the output gear are meshed for transmission.

[0006] The stepless speed regulating power transmission of this scheme has the following four working modes:

[0007] A. Drive shaft as the active part: In this mode, the drive shaft is the active part. The rotation of the drive shaft drives the drive gear to rotate, and then drives the ring gear to rotate. The ring gear drives the assist planetary carrier to rotate through the assist planetary gear, and then the planetary carrier gear drives the output gear to rotate to achieve power output.

[0008] B. The power-assisting shaft is the active part: In this mode, the power-assisting shaft is the active part. The rotation of the power-assisting shaft drives the power-assisting sun gear to rotate. Through the planetary gear system of the power-assisting mechanism, the power-assisting sun gear is the active part and the ring gear is the passive part to realize the rotation of the ring gear. The ring gear drives the speed-assisting planetary carrier to rotate through the speed-assisting planetary gear, and then the planetary carrier gear drives the output gear to rotate to realize power output.

[0009] C. Power-assist mode: In this mode, the drive shaft and the power-assist shaft both rotate as active parts, and the power of both is transmitted to the ring gear, superimposed on the torque transmitted to the ring gear to achieve power assistance.

[0010] D. Assisted speed mode: In this mode, one of the drive shaft and the assist shaft is selected as the active part to rotate or both are used as the active parts to rotate. At the same time, the assist shaft is also used as the active part to rotate. The assist shaft drives the assist sun gear to rotate. The speed of the assist sun gear and the ring gear is superimposed on the assist planetary carrier, thereby increasing the speed of the output gear. By adjusting the speed of the assist shaft, the speed of the output gear can be infinitely adjusted.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. In this solution, the power-assisting mechanism, the speed-assisting mechanism and the driving mechanism are integrated for use, and the overall structure of the transmission is more compact, which can give full play to the performance advantages of the power-assisting and speed-assisting. Moreover, the power-assisting mechanism and the speed-assisting mechanism are designed with a planetary gear system, which can realize stepless adjustment of the power-assisting and speed-assisting, and reduce the poor riding experience caused by sudden changes in the gear shifting process.

[0013] 2. In this solution, the power-assisting planetary gear and the speed-assisting planetary gear are both double gears, that is, the planetary gear trains of the power-assisting mechanism and the speed-assisting mechanism are both NW-type planetary gear trains. Compared with the NGW-type planetary gear trains, the transmission ratio range is larger, that is, the adjustable range of power-assisting and speed-assisting is larger.

[0014] Furthermore, a driving one-way bearing is installed between the driving gear and the driving shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the output gear is rotatably connected to the driving shaft, and an output sprocket is coaxially fixed to the output gear.

[0016] Furthermore, the driving mechanism also includes a driving member for driving the driving shaft to rotate, and the driving member includes pedals installed at both ends of the driving shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the power assist mechanism and the speed assist mechanism are distributed on both sides of the gear ring along the axial direction of the gear ring.

[0018] Furthermore, the power-boosting planetary gear and the speed-boosting planetary gear both include a first gear and a second gear, the outer diameter of the first gear is smaller than the outer diameter of the second gear, the first gear and the ring gear are meshed for transmission, the second gear of the power-boosting planetary gear and the power-boosting sun gear are meshed for transmission, and the second gear of the speed-boosting planetary gear and the speed-boosting sun gear are meshed for transmission.

[0019] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the utility model also adopts the following technical solution:

[0020] A hybrid vehicle including a continuously variable power transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power assist mechanism and the speed assist mechanism in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1. pedal; 2. drive shaft; 3. drive gear; 4. ring gear; 5. output sprocket; 6. output gear; 7. power-assist shaft; 8. second gear; 9. first gear; 10. power-assist planetary gear; 11. power-assist sun gear; 12. power-assist planetary carrier; 13. speed-assist shaft; 14. speed-assist planetary carrier; 15. speed-assist planetary gear; 16. planetary carrier gear; 17. drive one-way bearing; 18. speed-assist one-way bearing; 19. speed-assist sun gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and specific implementation methods are given.

[0025] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present utility model disclose a stepless speed regulating power transmission, which specifically includes the following embodiments:

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the stepless speed regulating power transmission includes a housing, in which an output gear 6, a driving mechanism for driving the output gear 6 to rotate, a power-assisting mechanism for assisting the driving mechanism, and a speed-assisting mechanism for assisting the speed of the driving mechanism are arranged. In this embodiment, the driving mechanism is driven by manpower, the power-assisting mechanism is electrically powered, and the speed-assisting mechanism is also electrically powered. Of course, in the actual design process, the driving mechanism can also be electrically driven, and the power-assisting mechanism can also be manually powered. However, when both the power-assisting mechanism and the driving mechanism are powered by manpower, two people need to work together, and cannot be operated by one person.

[0027] The power-assist mechanism includes a power-assist shaft 7, a power-assist sun gear 11, a power-assist planetary gear 10 and a power-assist planetary carrier 12. The power-assist shaft 7 is rotatably arranged in a housing, and the power-assist sun gear 11 is fixedly installed on the power-assist shaft 7, so that the power-assist sun gear 11 and the power-assist shaft 7 can rotate synchronously. The power-assist planetary carrier 12 is fixedly arranged in the housing, and the power-assist planetary gear 10 is rotatably connected to the power-assist planetary carrier 12, and the power-assist sun gear 11 and the power-assist planetary gear 10 are meshed for transmission. In this embodiment, the power-assist mechanism adopts electric power-assist, and a power-assist motor is installed in the housing. The output shaft of the power-assist motor is fixed to the power-assist shaft 7, and the power-assist shaft 7 is driven to rotate by the power-assist motor. In the actual design process, the power-assist shaft 7 may not be arranged, and the output shaft of the power-assist motor may be directly used to replace the power-assist shaft 7, that is, the power-assist sun gear 11 is directly installed on the output shaft of the power-assist motor.

[0028] The speed-assisting mechanism comprises a speed-assisting shaft 13, a speed-assisting sun gear 19, a speed-assisting planetary gear 15 and a speed-assisting planetary carrier 14. The speed-assisting shaft 13 is unidirectionally rotatable. Specifically, a speed-assisting one-way bearing 18 is installed between the speed-assisting shaft 13 and the housing. The speed-assisting sun gear 19 is fixedly installed on the speed-assisting shaft 13. The speed-assisting planetary carrier 14 is rotatably arranged in the housing. The speed-assisting planetary gear 15 is rotatably connected to the speed-assisting planetary carrier 14. The speed-assisting sun gear 19 and the speed-assisting planetary gear 15 are meshed for transmission. In this embodiment, the speed-assisting mechanism adopts electric speed-assisting, and a speed-assisting motor is installed in the housing. The output shaft of the speed-assisting motor is fixed to the speed-assisting shaft 13, and the speed-assisting shaft 13 is driven to rotate by the speed-assisting motor. In the actual design process, the speed-assisting shaft 13 may not be provided, and the output shaft of the speed-assisting motor may be directly used to replace the speed-assisting shaft 13, that is, the speed-assisting sun gear 19 is directly installed on the output shaft of the speed-assisting motor.

[0029] The driving mechanism includes a driving shaft 2 rotatably arranged in the housing, a driving gear 3 installed on the driving shaft 2, and a ring gear 4 meshing with the driving gear 3 for transmission. The ring gear 4 and the power-assisting planetary gear 10 and the speed-assisting planetary gear 15 are all meshing for transmission. In the present embodiment, the driving mechanism is human-driven. Specifically, the driving mechanism also includes a driving member for driving the driving shaft 2 to rotate. The driving member includes a pedal 1 installed at both ends of the driving shaft 2. The driving shaft 2 is driven to rotate by human-powered pedaling. The design of the pedal 1 can be designed with reference to the pedal of a bicycle in the prior art. In the actual design process, when the driving mechanism also adopts electric drive, the driving member can use a motor to directly drive the driving shaft 2 to rotate. In order to prevent the driving shaft 2 from driving the pedal 1 to rotate in the pure electric mode, a driving one-way bearing 17 is installed between the driving gear 3 and the driving shaft 2.

[0030] The power-boosting planetary gear 10 and the speed-boosting planetary gear 15 are both double gears. Specifically, the power-boosting planetary gear 10 and the speed-boosting planetary gear 15 include a first gear 9 and a second gear 8. The outer diameter of the first gear 9 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second gear 8. The first gear 9 and the ring gear 4 are meshed for transmission. The second gear 8 of the power-boosting planetary gear 10 and the power-boosting sun gear 11 are meshed for transmission. The second gear 8 of the speed-boosting planetary gear 15 and the speed-boosting sun gear 19 are meshed for transmission.

[0031] The power-assist mechanism and the speed-assist mechanism are distributed on both sides of the gear ring 4 along the axis direction of the gear ring 4, making the overall structure more compact. The speed-assist planetary carrier 14 is equipped with a planetary carrier gear 16, which meshes with the output gear 6 for transmission. The output gear 6 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 2, and the rotation of the drive shaft 2 will not directly drive the output gear 6 to rotate. The output gear 6 is coaxially fixed with an output sprocket 5, which drives the output gear 6 to rotate through the planetary carrier gear 16, and the output sprocket 5 rotates synchronously, and the output sprocket 5 transmits power to achieve the driving of the vehicle.

[0032] The stepless speed-adjustable power-assisted transmission of the present scheme has four working modes. Taking the rotation direction of the ring gear 4 as a reference, assuming that the rotation direction of the ring gear 4 is always forward rotation, thereby driving the vehicle forward, then the rotation direction that is the same as that of the ring gear 4 is forward rotation, and the rotation direction that is opposite to that of the ring gear 4 is reverse rotation. In the following description, the rotation direction of each gear is described as forward rotation or reverse rotation, but forward and reverse do not refer to specific directions. Based on this forward and reverse limitation, in the present embodiment, the function of the aforementioned driving one-way bearing 17 is: when the driving shaft 2 rotates in the reverse direction, it can drive the driving gear 3 to rotate together, and when the driving shaft 2 rotates in the forward direction, it cannot drive the driving gear 3 to rotate. Correspondingly, the driving gear 3 can also rotate in the reverse direction on the driving shaft 2 relative to the driving shaft 2, while the driving gear 3 cannot rotate forward on the driving shaft 2 relative to the driving shaft 2; the function of the aforementioned speed-assisting one-way bearing 18 is: the speed-assisting shaft 13 can rotate forwardly relative to the housing, but cannot rotate in the reverse direction relative to the housing.

[0033] The working modes are as follows:

[0034] A. Pure human model:

[0035] In this mode, the drive shaft 2 is the active part, that is, human power steps on the pedal 1 to drive the drive shaft 2 to rotate, so that the rotation direction of the drive shaft 2 is reverse rotation, the drive shaft 2 drives the drive gear 3 to rotate in the reverse direction, the ring gear 4 and the drive gear 3 are meshed for transmission, and the ring gear 4 rotates in the forward direction.

[0036] At this time, the ring gear 4, the boosting planetary gear 15, and the boosting sun gear 19 are meshed and driven in sequence to form a planetary gear train. The boosting motor is not started, the boosting shaft 13 is constrained by the boosting one-way bearing 18 and is locked, and the corresponding boosting sun gear 19 does not move. In this planetary gear train, the ring gear 4 is used as the active part, and the boosting planetary carrier 14 is used as the passive part. The boosting planetary carrier 14 rotates forward, and then the planetary carrier gear 16 drives the output gear 6 to rotate in the reverse direction to achieve power output.

[0037] In the above process, the ring gear 4, the power-boosting planetary gear 10, and the power-boosting sun gear 11 are also meshed and transmitted in sequence to form a planetary gear train. The power-boosting motor is not started, and the power-boosting planetary carrier 12 is fixed. In this planetary gear train, the ring gear 4 is used as the active component, and the power-boosting sun gear 11 is used as the passive component. The power-boosting sun gear 11 rotates in the opposite direction. Since the power-boosting motor is not started at this time, the output shaft of the power-boosting motor can idle with the rotation of the power-boosting shaft 7.

[0038] B. Pure electric mode:

[0039] In this mode, the power-boosting shaft 7 is the active component, that is, the power-boosting shaft 7 is driven to rotate by the power-boosting motor, so that the rotation direction of the power-boosting shaft 7 is reverse rotation, and the power-boosting sun gear 11 rotates reversely accordingly, and the power-boosting sun gear 11, the power-boosting planetary gear 10, and the ring gear 4 are meshed and transmitted in sequence to form a planetary gear train. In this planetary gear train, the power-boosting sun gear 11 is the active component, and the ring gear 4 is the passive component, which drives the ring gear 4 to rotate in the forward direction.

[0040] At this time, the ring gear 4, the boosting planetary gear 15, and the boosting sun gear 19 are meshed and driven in sequence to form a planetary gear train. At this time, you can choose whether to start the boosting motor synchronously, that is, choose whether to use the boosting mode synchronously. When the boosting motor is not started, the boosting shaft 13 is locked by the constraint of the boosting one-way bearing 18, and the corresponding boosting sun gear 19 does not move. In this planetary gear train, the ring gear 4 is used as the active part and the boosting planetary carrier 14 is used as the passive part. The boosting planetary carrier 14 rotates forward, and then the planetary carrier gear 16 drives the output gear 6 to rotate in the opposite direction to achieve power output. When the boosting motor is started, the boosting sun gear 19 is driven to rotate forward, and the speed of the boosting sun gear 19 and the ring gear 4 is superimposed on the boosting planetary carrier 14. Increasing the speed of the boosting planetary carrier 14 can also increase the speed of the output gear 6.

[0041] In the above process, the rotation of the ring gear 4 drives the driving gear 3 to rotate in the opposite direction. Affected by the driving one-way bearing 17, the driving gear 3 idles on the driving shaft 2, while the driving shaft 2 does not move, thereby preventing the pedal 1 from moving and affecting the riding experience.

[0042] C. Assist mode:

[0043] In this mode, the drive shaft 2 and the power-assist shaft 7 both rotate as active parts, that is, when the human pedaling pedal 1 drives the drive shaft 2 to rotate, the power-assist motor is started to drive the power-assist shaft 7 to rotate, so that the drive shaft 2 and the power-assist shaft 7 both rotate in the opposite direction. Referring to the motion process of the pure human mode and the pure electric mode, the power of the drive shaft 2 and the power-assist shaft 7 is transmitted to the ring gear 4, driving the ring gear 4 to rotate in the forward direction, superimposing the torque transmitted to the ring gear 4, realizing electric power assistance, and reducing the effort of the human pedaling pedal 1.

[0044] D. Speed ​​Assist Mode:

[0045] In this mode, either the drive shaft 2 or the power-assist shaft 7 rotates as the active part or both of them rotate as the active parts. During actual use, in the pure manpower mode, speed assistance is generally not required. In the pure electric mode, that is, when the power-assist shaft 7 rotates as the active part, you can choose whether to use the speed assistance mode synchronously.

[0046] In this embodiment, taking the driving shaft 2 and the power-assisting shaft 7 as active parts as an example, when the driving shaft 2 is driven to rotate by human power stepping on the pedal 1, the power-assisting motor is started to drive the power-assisting shaft 7 to rotate, and the speed-assisting motor is also started to drive the speed-assisting shaft 13 to rotate, so that the driving shaft 2 and the power-assisting shaft 7 both rotate in the opposite direction, and the speed-assisting shaft 13 rotates in the forward direction.

[0047] Referring to the motion process of the pure manpower mode and the pure electric mode, the power of the driving shaft 2 and the power-assisting shaft 7 are both transmitted to the ring gear 4, driving the ring gear 4 to rotate forward, and the ring gear 4, the speed-assisting planetary gear 15, and the speed-assisting sun gear 19 are meshed and transmitted in sequence to form a planetary gear train, realizing the forward rotation of the speed-assisting planetary carrier 14, and then realizing power output. In this process, the speed-assisting sun gear 19 also rotates forward synchronously, and the speed of the speed-assisting sun gear 19 and the ring gear 4 is superimposed on the speed-assisting planetary carrier 14, increasing the speed of the speed-assisting planetary carrier 14, and thus the speed of the output gear 6 can be increased. By adjusting the speed of the speed-assisting shaft 13, the speed of the output gear 6 can be infinitely adjusted.

[0048] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the utility model discloses a hybrid vehicle, including the above-mentioned stepless speed regulating power transmission. The hybrid vehicle referred to in this embodiment can be a bicycle, a tricycle, etc., as long as the above-mentioned stepless speed regulating power transmission can be used to achieve power output.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. Stepless speed regulating power transmission, characterized by: It includes an output gear, a driving mechanism for driving the output gear to rotate, a power-assisting mechanism for assisting the driving mechanism, and a speed-assisting mechanism for assisting the speed of the driving mechanism; The power-assist mechanism includes a power-assist shaft, a power-assist sun gear, a power-assist planetary gear and a power-assist planetary carrier. The power-assist shaft is rotatably arranged, the power-assist sun gear is mounted on the power-assist shaft, the power-assist planetary carrier is fixedly arranged, the power-assist planetary gear is rotatably connected to the power-assist planetary carrier, and the power-assist sun gear and the power-assist planetary gear are meshed for transmission; The speed-assisting mechanism comprises a speed-assisting shaft, a speed-assisting sun gear, a speed-assisting planetary gear and a speed-assisting planetary carrier. The speed-assisting shaft is unidirectionally rotatable, the speed-assisting sun gear is mounted on the speed-assisting shaft, the speed-assisting planetary carrier is rotatably arranged, the speed-assisting planetary gear is rotatably connected to the speed-assisting planetary carrier, and the speed-assisting sun gear and the speed-assisting planetary gear are meshed for transmission; The driving mechanism includes a rotatably arranged driving shaft, a driving gear mounted on the driving shaft, and a gear ring meshing with the driving gear, and the gear ring is meshed with the power-assisting planetary gear and the speed-assisting planetary gear for transmission; The power-assisting planetary gear and the speed-assisting planetary gear are both double gears. The speed-assisting planetary carrier is equipped with a planetary carrier gear, and the planetary carrier gear and the output gear are meshed for transmission.

2. The stepless speed regulating power transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving one-way bearing is installed between the driving gear and the driving shaft.

3. The stepless speed regulating power transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output gear is rotatably connected to the driving shaft, and an output sprocket is coaxially fixed to the output gear.

4. The stepless speed regulating power transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism also includes a driving member for driving the driving shaft to rotate, and the driving member includes pedals installed at both ends of the driving shaft.

5. The stepless speed regulating power transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assist mechanism and the speed assist mechanism are distributed on both sides of the gear ring along the axial direction of the gear ring.

6. The stepless speed regulating power transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power-boosting planetary gear and the speed-boosting planetary gear both include a first gear and a second gear. The outer diameter of the first gear is smaller than the outer diameter of the second gear. The first gear is meshed with the ring gear for transmission. The second gear of the power-boosting planetary gear is meshed with the power-boosting sun gear for transmission. The second gear of the speed-boosting planetary gear is meshed with the speed-boosting sun gear for transmission.

7. A hybrid vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a continuously variable speed power-assisted transmission as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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