Small-sized batch test device for simulating high-temperature period of windrow compost
By designing a small test device including a constant temperature water bath pot, a reflux hood, a ventilation assembly and an exhaust pipe assembly, the problems of gas pollution and high investment in the high temperature period of the stacked compost were solved, and efficient and low-cost compost high temperature simulation test was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421609574.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-09
AI Technical Summary
The existing stacked compost technology has problems of gas pollution and high manpower and material investment during the high temperature period, and lacks suitable small batch testing equipment.
A small batch testing device that simulates the high temperature period of stacked compost was designed, including a constant temperature water bath pot, a reflux hood, a ventilation assembly and an exhaust pipe assembly, which was used to simulate the experimental conditions of the high temperature period of compost.
The device has the advantages of easy disassembly, low cost, easy control of experimental conditions and easy gas collection, and can be repeated for simulation tests during high temperature periods of aerobic compost.
Smart Images
Figure CN222877839U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of solid waste resource utilization, and more specifically to a small batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting. Background Art
[0002] Organic solid waste contains rich nutrients and organic matter resources, which can be utilized to a large extent through aerobic composting. The high temperature generated by aerobic composting can effectively kill pathogenic microorganisms, insect eggs and weed seeds in the composting materials, making them harmless. The high temperature period of composting is also the main period of nitrogen and carbon loss. Therefore, the high temperature period of composting is the key period to determine the success of organic solid waste composting, and it is also the main period to achieve composting pollution reduction and carbon reduction through various regulatory measures. Windrow composting is the most economical and widely used composting process in actual production. However, windrow composting is a completely open composting process, and the emission of gaseous pollutants during the composting process has a great impact on the surrounding environment. Moreover, the heating of windrow composting requires a large pile size, resulting in large investment in manpower and material resources, and it is difficult to carry out batch tests with multiple treatments and multiple repetitions. Therefore, the simulation study of the high temperature period of windrow composting is very important, but there is currently a lack of small batch test devices available. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to solve one of the above technical defects, a small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting is provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0004] This application adopts the following technical solutions:
[0005] A small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting, comprising:
[0006] A constant temperature water bath, which is used to heat the fermentation bottle;
[0007] A reflux hood, the reflux hood is connected to or supported by the constant temperature water bath, and a cavity is formed between the reflux hood and the constant temperature water bath, and the fermentation bottle is located in the cavity;
[0008] A ventilation assembly, the ventilation assembly comprising a ventilation pump and an air inlet pipe assembly, the ventilation pump is located outside the cavity, the air inlet pipe assembly is connected to the ventilation pump, and the air inlet pipe assembly is respectively connected to each of the fermentation bottles;
[0009] An exhaust pipe assembly, one end of which is connected to each of the fermentation bottles, and the other end of which extends out of the cavity.
[0010] Optionally, the ventilation pump is arranged on the top of the return hood.
[0011] Optionally, the return cover is provided with a through-tube hole communicating with the cavity, and both the air intake pipe assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly are arranged through the through-tube hole.
[0012] Optionally, the return hood includes a top wall and a peripheral side wall connected to the top wall;
[0013] The peripheral side wall is connected to or supported by the constant temperature water bath;
[0014] The ventilation pump is arranged on the outer side of the top wall;
[0015] The through-tube holes are arranged on the peripheral side walls.
[0016] Optionally, the tube-penetrating holes are respectively arranged on the circumferential side wall at both ends of the arrangement direction of each of the fermentation bottles.
[0017] Optionally, a water adding hole is provided on the reflux cover, and the water adding hole is connected to the cavity.
[0018] Optionally, the exhaust pipe assembly includes a flow collector and a plurality of exhaust pipes, one end of each exhaust pipe is respectively connected to a corresponding fermentation bottle, and the other end of each exhaust pipe is respectively connected to an input end of the flow collector.
[0019] Optionally, the small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting includes a collection bottle;
[0020] The exhaust pipe assembly comprises an exhaust manifold, one end of which is connected to the output end of the flow combiner, and the other end of which extends into the collecting bottle.
[0021] Optionally, the reflux cover is a plexiglass cover.
[0022] Optionally, the fermentation bottle comprises a bottle body and a rubber stopper;
[0023] The rubber stopper is used to seal the bottle mouth of the bottle body;
[0024] The air inlet pipe assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly both pass through the rubber stopper and extend to the interior of the bottle body.
[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0026] The small-scale batch test device provided in the present application has the advantages of easy disassembly, low cost, easy control of experimental conditions and easy gas collection, and can be repeatedly used for simulation tests of aerobic composting during the high temperature period.
[0027] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] The accompanying drawings are part of this application and are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The schematic embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model, but do not constitute an improper limitation on the utility model. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:
[0029] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.
[0030] In the figure: 1. Constant temperature water bath; 2. Fermentation bottle; 3. Reflux hood; 31. Pipe hole; 32. Water adding hole; 4. Ventilation pump; 5. Air inlet pipe; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Converger; 8. Exhaust main pipe; 9. Collection bottle.
[0031] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the utility model but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.
[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0035] See also Figure 1As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting, including: a constant temperature water bath 1, a reflow hood 3, a ventilation assembly and an exhaust pipe assembly. The fermentation bottle 2 is used to accommodate composting materials. The constant temperature water bath 1 is used to heat the fermentation bottle 2 to the experimental temperature, and the reflow hood is connected or supported on the constant temperature water bath 1. The reflow hood 3 and the constant temperature water bath 1 are detachable and matched, which is convenient for taking and placing the fermentation bottle 2. A cavity is formed between the reflow hood 3 and the constant temperature water bath 1, and the fermentation bottle 2 is located in the cavity. The ventilation assembly includes a ventilation pump 4 and an air intake pipe assembly. The ventilation pump 4 is located outside the cavity, and the air intake pipe assembly is connected to the ventilation pump 4, and the air intake pipe assembly is respectively connected to each of the fermentation bottles 2, and one end of the exhaust pipe assembly is respectively connected to each of the fermentation bottles 2, and the other end of the exhaust pipe assembly extends out of the cavity.
[0036] The reflux hood 3 covers the constant temperature water bath 1 and has a heat preservation effect. The lower opening of the reflux hood 3 is not larger than the upper opening of the constant temperature water bath 1. The liquid condensed on the reflux hood 3 will flow into the constant temperature water bath 1 along the inner wall of the reflux hood 3, reducing the loss of liquid, so that there is no need to add water during the test period and continuous operation can be achieved.
[0037] The ventilation pump 4 is located outside the cavity and can directly blow air from the atmosphere into each fermentation bottle 2 through the air inlet pipe assembly, so that the air and the material in the fermentation bottle 2 can fully contact each other, simulating air convection. The air only reaches the surface of the material, playing a ventilation role.
[0038] The air intake pipe assembly includes a plurality of air intake pipes 5, each of which extends into a corresponding fermentation bottle 2, and one end of the air intake pipe 5 extends into the fermentation bottle 2 to above the material. The exhaust pipe assembly includes a plurality of exhaust pipes 6, each of which extends into the interior of the corresponding fermentation bottle 2 at one end and extends out of the cavity at the other end. The exhaust pipe 6 is also located above the material in the fermentation bottle 2.
[0039] The small-scale batch test device provided in the present application has the advantages of easy disassembly, low cost, easy control of experimental conditions and easy gas collection, and can be repeatedly used for simulation tests of aerobic composting during the high temperature period.
[0040] In some possible implementations, the ventilation pump 4 is arranged on the top of the return hood 3. The top space of the return hood 3 is large, with little external interference and no shielding around, which is suitable for being arranged on the ventilation pump 4. The ventilation pump 4 can be fixed to the top of the return hood by a connecting structure. The present application does not limit the specific form of the connecting structure, which can be a snap-on structure, a magnetic structure, an adhesive structure, etc.
[0041] In some possible implementation schemes, the return cover 3 is provided with a through-tube hole 31 communicating with the cavity, and the air inlet pipe assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly are both provided through the through-tube hole 31 .
[0042] The provision of the through-tube hole 31 facilitates the smooth extension of the air inlet pipe assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly to the interior of the reflux cover 3 to be connected to the fermentation bottle 2 in the cavity.
[0043] In some possible implementations, the reflux hood 3 includes a top wall and a peripheral side wall connected to the top wall, the peripheral side wall is connected to or supported by the constant temperature water bath 1, the ventilation pump 4 is arranged on the outside of the top wall, and the through-tube hole 31 is arranged on the peripheral side wall. The air inlet pipe assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly extend from the top wall to the peripheral side wall and then extend from the through-tube hole 31 to the inside of the cavity.
[0044] In some possible implementations, the pipe-through holes 31 are respectively provided on the circumferential side wall at both ends of the arrangement direction of each of the fermentation bottles 2. The constant temperature water bath 1 and the reflux hood 3 may be long strip structures, and each of the fermentation bottles 2 is sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the constant temperature water bath 1. By respectively providing the pipe-through holes 31 at both ends of the circumferential side wall along the length direction, the air intake pipe assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly can be extended and arranged in two directions, so that the ventilation assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly of the entire small batch test device can be symmetrically arranged, which facilitates the arrangement of the pipelines and makes the pipeline arrangement regular and orderly.
[0045] In some possible implementations, a water adding hole 32 is provided on the reflux cover 3, and the water adding hole 32 is connected to the cavity. The water adding hole 32 can be used to add water to the water bath, reduce the loss of water therein, and maintain the compost temperature.
[0046] In some possible embodiments, the exhaust pipe assembly includes a flow concentrator 7 and a plurality of exhaust pipes 6, one end of each exhaust pipe 6 is respectively connected to a corresponding fermentation bottle 2, and the other end of each exhaust pipe 6 is respectively connected to an input end of the flow concentrator 7. The flow concentrator 7 can be arranged outside the return hood 3, and each exhaust pipe 6 of the exhaust pipe assembly extends out of the pipe hole 31 and is connected to the inlet end of the flow concentrator 7. The arrangement of the flow concentrator 7 facilitates the unified management of the exhaust pipes 6 and saves the exhaust pipes 6.
[0047] In some possible implementation schemes, a small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting includes a collecting bottle 9, and the exhaust pipe assembly includes an exhaust main pipe 8, one end of which is connected to the output end of the combiner 7, and the other end of which extends into the collecting bottle 9. Boric acid solution, sodium hydroxide solution and corresponding indicators can be added to the collecting bottle 9 regularly, and the exhaust pipe 6 can be connected to absorb the gas, so that the content of ammonia and carbon dioxide generated during the composting process can be determined by titration, and compost samples can be collected regularly to study the harmlessness of the compost and the changes in physical and chemical properties.
[0048] In some possible implementation schemes, the reflux cover 3 is an organic glass cover. The organic glass cover has high structural strength, is not easy to be damaged, and is a transparent structure, so that the internal situation can be easily seen.
[0049] In some possible embodiments, the fermentation bottle 2 includes a bottle body and a rubber stopper, the rubber stopper is used to seal the bottle mouth of the bottle body, and the air inlet pipe assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly both extend through the rubber stopper to the inside of the bottle body. The fermentation bottle 2 can be a 1L wide-mouth glass bottle, and the temperature can be adjusted by an electric constant temperature water bath 1. The bottle mouths of the fermentation bottle 2 and the collection bottle 9 can be sealed with rubber stoppers to ensure the sealing of gas circulation during the composting process.
[0050] The following is an experimental operation method of the small-scale batch test device provided in the embodiment of the present application:
[0051] In the specific implementation, the mixed compost material is loaded into the fermentation bottle 2, the material height does not exceed half of the height of the fermentation bottle 2, the air inlet pipe 5 and the exhaust pipe 6 are installed, and the pipes are passed through the pipe holes 31 on the left and right sides of the reflux cover 3, and the reflux cover 3 is covered. The ventilation pump 4 passes air into the fermentation bottle 2 at a certain ventilation rate through the air inlet pipe 5, and the gas in the fermentation bottle 2 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 6, and the gas is collected in the collection bottle 9. At the same time, water is added to the constant temperature water bath 1 from the water adding hole 32 so that the water level is submerged. The temperature of the constant temperature water bath 1 is adjusted to 30°C for 12h, adjusted to 40°C for 12h, and then adjusted to 50°C for 5-7d. During the experiment, boric acid solution, sodium hydroxide solution and corresponding indicators are regularly added to the small collection bottle 9, and the exhaust pipe 6 is connected to absorb the gas, and the content of ammonia and carbon dioxide generated during the composting process can be determined by titration. Regular collection of compost samples can study the harmlessness of compost and changes in physical and chemical properties.
[0052] The ventilation rate should be within a range, mainly to simulate air convection and replace the air above the material in the fermentation bottle 2, so the ventilation rate is relatively small. At the same time, in order to ensure that the condensed water in the pipeline can be discharged, the ventilation rate cannot be too small. Therefore, the ventilation rate can be set in the range of 0.20 to 0.25 L / min, for example, 0.25 L / min.
[0053] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in any form. Although the utility model has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the utility model. Any technician familiar with this patent can make some changes or modify the technical content suggested above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of the utility model still falls within the scope of the solution of the utility model.
Claims
1. A small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting, characterized in that: include: A constant temperature water bath, which is used to heat the fermentation bottle; A reflux hood, the reflux hood is connected to or supported by the constant temperature water bath, and a cavity is formed between the reflux hood and the constant temperature water bath, and the fermentation bottle is located in the cavity; A ventilation assembly, the ventilation assembly comprising a ventilation pump and an air inlet pipe assembly, the ventilation pump is located outside the cavity, the air inlet pipe assembly is connected to the ventilation pump, and the air inlet pipe assembly is respectively connected to each of the fermentation bottles; An exhaust pipe assembly, one end of which is respectively connected to each of the fermentation bottles, and the other end of which extends out of the cavity.
2. The small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ventilation pump is arranged on the top of the return hood.
3. The small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return cover is provided with a through-tube hole communicating with the cavity, and the air intake pipe assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly are both arranged through the through-tube hole.
4. The small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The return hood comprises a top wall and a peripheral side wall connected to the top wall; The peripheral side wall is connected to or supported by the constant temperature water bath; The ventilation pump is arranged on the outer side of the top wall; The through-tube holes are arranged on the peripheral side walls.
5. The small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The tube-penetrating holes are respectively arranged on the circumferential side wall at two ends of the arrangement direction of each fermentation bottle.
6. The small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflux cover is provided with a water adding hole, and the water adding hole is connected with the cavity.
7. The small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe assembly includes a flow collector and a plurality of exhaust pipes, one end of each exhaust pipe is connected to a corresponding fermentation bottle, and the other end of each exhaust pipe is connected to an input end of the flow collector.
8. The small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting according to claim 7, characterized in that: Includes collection bottle; The exhaust pipe assembly comprises an exhaust manifold, one end of which is connected to the output end of the flow combiner, and the other end of which extends into the collecting bottle.
9. The small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflux cover is a plexiglass cover.
10. The small-scale batch test device for simulating the high temperature period of windrow composting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation bottle comprises a bottle body and a rubber stopper; The rubber stopper is used to seal the bottle mouth of the bottle body; The air inlet pipe assembly and the exhaust pipe assembly both pass through the rubber stopper and extend to the interior of the bottle body.